立つ
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
立 |
た Grade: 1 |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1] First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. From Proto-Japonic *tatu.
Cognate with Japanese 建つ (tatsu).
Possibly cognate with Korean 돋다 (dotda, “rise; grow”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「立つ」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
立つ | たつ | [táꜜtsù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 立て | たて | [táꜜtè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 立たれる | たたれる | [tàtáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 立たせる | たたせる | [tàtáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 立てる | たてる | [tàtéꜜrù] |
Volitional | 立とう | たとー | [tàtóꜜò] |
Negative | 立たない | たたない | [tàtáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 立たなかった | たたなかった | [tàtáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 立ちます | たちます | [tàchímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 立った | たった | [táꜜttà] |
Conjunctive | 立って | たって | [táꜜttè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 立てば | たてば | [táꜜtèbà] |
Verb
[edit]立つ • (tatsu) intransitive godan (stem 立ち (tachi), past 立った (tatta))
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 立てる |
mediopassive | 立つ |
- to stand, to stand up, to rise
- to depart
- 地球を発つ
- chikyū o tatsu
- to depart from Earth
- 地球を発つ
- to close
- of something physical but not solid or liquid: to be released, to rise
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "立つ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 立た | たた | tata |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 立ち | たち | tachi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 立つ | たつ | tatsu |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 立つ | たつ | tatsu |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 立て | たて | tate |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 立て | たて | tate |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 立たれる | たたれる | tatareru |
Causative | 立たせる 立たす |
たたせる たたす |
tataseru tatasu |
Potential | 立てる | たてる | tateru |
Volitional | 立とう | たとう | tatō |
Negative | 立たない | たたない | tatanai |
Negative continuative | 立たず | たたず | tatazu |
Formal | 立ちます | たちます | tachimasu |
Perfective | 立った | たった | tatta |
Conjunctive | 立って | たって | tatte |
Hypothetical conditional | 立てば | たてば | tateba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 立た | たた | tata |
Continuative (連用形) | 立ち | たち | tati |
Terminal (終止形) | 立つ | たつ | tatu |
Attributive (連体形) | 立つ | たつ | tatu |
Realis (已然形) | 立て | たて | tate |
Imperative (命令形) | 立て | たて | tate |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 立たず | たたず | tatazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 立てど | たてど | tatedo |
Causal conjunction | 立てば | たてば | tateba |
Conditional conjunction | 立たば | たたば | tataba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 立ちき | たちき | tatiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 立ちけり | たちけり | tatikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 立ちつ | たちつ | tatitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 立ちぬ | たちぬ | tatinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 立てり 立ちたり |
たてり たちたり |
tateri tatitari |
Volitional | 立たむ | たたむ | tatamu |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese tat-”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese[1]
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 立 read as た
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -tsu
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples