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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: and
U+56FD, 国
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56FD

[U+56FC]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+56FE]

Translingual

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Japanese
Simplified
Traditional
Stroke order (Mainland China)
8 strokes
Stroke order
(Chinese)
Stroke order
(Japan)

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 31, +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 田一土戈 (WMGI), four-corner 60103, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 218, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4752
  • Dae Jaweon: page 446, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 716, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+56FD

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Simplified from (). Also compare , an unorthodox variant of that contains (“king”) instead of (“jade”).

Definitions

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“country; nation; nation-state; kingdom; capital; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of ).
Notes:

Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Second grade kyōiku kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

Readings

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  • Go-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: くに (kuni, , Jōyō)
  • Nanori: くな (kuna) (ko)こう ()

Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
くに
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
(kyūjitai)
(uncommon)

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Kojiki of 712,[1] the Nihon Shoki completed in 720, and the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759.[2] Perhaps related to Middle Chinese (MC gjunH, “geographic region: commandery, prefecture”).

Pronunciation

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  • (Tokyo) [kùní] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟ɲ̟i]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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(くに) (kuni

  1. a land, a large place
  2. a country in general, a region
  3. a country as in a nation, a state
    • 1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび()とアニマル惑星(プラネット) [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
      ねえねえ、(いま)()()みた⁉
      Nē nē, ima no chizu mita⁉
      Hey, did you see that map!?
      みた!いったいここはなんという(くに)だろう。
      Mita! Ittai koko wa nan to iu kuni darō.
      I did! I wonder what country this is.
      クニクニってなあに。
      Kuni? Kuni tte nāni.
      Country? What’s a country?
      アメリカとか(ちゅう)(ごく)とかいろいろあるじゃない。
      Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.
      You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.
      ぼくらは(にっ)(ぽん)からきたんだけど…。
      Bokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….
      We’re from Japan, by the way...
      ニッポン?きいたことない。
      Nippon? Kiita koto nai.
      Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.
  4. the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state
  5. a province of ancient Japan
  6. the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan
  7. one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home
    • 1994 January 20 [1988 December 17], Akira Oze, “第8話 酒蔵の子 [Child of the Brewery]”, in 夏子の酒 [Natsuko’s Saké], 14th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, →ISBN, page 183:
      ううん……もう()ないと(おも)う たぶん
      Ūn……mō konai to omou tabun
      No... I don’t think I’ll be coming back any time soon.
      どうして?
      Dō shite?
      How come?
      故郷(クニ)にね……(かえ)るの
      Kuni ni ne…… kaeru no
      I’m moving back home.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kunigami: (khunī)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: (kuni)
    • Okinawan: (kuni)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: (kunī)
    • Tokunoshima: (kunī)
    • Yoron: (kuni)
  • → Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: (kuni)
    • Yaeyama: (fun, kuni)
    • Yonaguni: (kuni)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
こく
Grade: 2
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese (MC kwok, “country, nation”).

Pronunciation

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This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

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(こく) (koku

  1. a land, a large place
  2. a country in general, a region
  3. a country as in a nation, a state
Usage notes
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Most often found in compounds.

References

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  1. ^ 国・邦”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 나라 (nara guk))

  1. Alternative form of (hanja form? of (country; state; nation; land))

References

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: quốc[1][2]
: Nôm readings: quốc[1]

  1. Alternative form of (chữ Hán form of quốc ((only in compounds) nation; state; country).)

References

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