User:Ivan Štambuk/MW/2000

कल्याण (kalyāṇa) (kalyāṇa)
mf(%{I4})n. (g. %{bahv-Adi}) beautiful, agreeable RV. S3Br. &c.

illustrious, noble, generous

excellent, virtuous, good (%{kalyANa} voc. `" good sir "'

%{kalyANi}, `" good lady "')

beneficial, salutary, auspicious

happy, prosperous, fortunate, lucky, well, right RV. i, 31, 9

iii, 53, 6 TS. AV. S3Br. Nir. ii, 3 MBh. R.

m. a particular Ra1ga (sung at night)

N. of a Gandharva

of a prince (also called Bhat2t2a-s3ri1-kalya1n2a)

of the author of the poem Gi1ta1-gan3ga1-dhara

(%{I}) f. a cow

the plant Glycine Debilis

red arsenic

a particular Ra1gin2i1

N. of Da1ksha1yan2i1 in Malaya

N. of one of the mothers attending on Skanda MBh. ix, 2625

N. of a city in the Dekhan and of one in Ceylon

a river in Ceylon

(%{am}) n. good fortune, happiness, prosperity

good conduct, virtue (opposed to %{pApa}) S3Br. Bhag. R. Ragh. Pan5cat. Mn. iii, 60, 65 Sus3r.

a festival Mn. viii, 292

gold

heaven

N. of the eleventh of the fourteen Pu1rvas or most ancient writings of the Jainas

a form of salutation (`" Hail! "' `" May luck attend you! "'), S3a1ntis3.
कव (kava) (kava)
1 a form substituted for %{ka}, %{kA}, and 1. %{ku}, to express depreciation or deficiency Pa1n2. 6-3, 107, 108 Vop. vi, 97.2 mfn. (1. %{ku}) `" miserly "' (perhaps originally `" provident "'), `" selfish "', in %{a4-kava} q.v., and %{kavA-sakha4} below

[cf. %{kavatnu4} and %{kavAri4}.) [264,1]
कवच (kavaca) (kavaca)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. (3. %{ku} Un2. iv, 2 Nir. v, 25) g. %{ardharcA7di}, armour, cuirass, a coat of mail S3Br. xii, 2, 2, 7 Ka1tyS3r. xiii, 3, 10 MBh. R. &c.

any covering

a corset, jacket Ka1t2h. xxxiv, 5 [ifc. f. %{A}] Pa1n2. 3-2, 129

bark, rind S3a1rn3g.

m. a war-drum, a kettle-drum

(%{am}) n. a piece of bark or birch-leaf or any substance inscribed with mystical words and carried about as an amulet, any amulet, charm W.

a mystical syllable (such as %{hum}, or %{hUm}) forming part of a Mantra used as an amulet [cf. %{bIja}] W.

m. the tree Oldenlandia herbacea Bhpr.

the tree Hibiscus Populneoides L.
कवचिन् (kavacin) (kavacin)
mfn. covered with armour, mailed AV. xi, 10, 22 VS. xvi, 35 S3Br. MBh. R.

(%{I}) f. N. of S3iva

of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh.
कवि (kavi) (kavi)
mfn. (1. %{kU} cf. 2. %{kava}, %{A4kUta}, %{A4kUti}, %{kAvya} Naigh. iii, 15 Nir. xii, 13 Un2. iv, 138) gifted with insight, intelligent, knowing, enlightened, wise, sensible, prudent, skilful, cunning

(%{is}) m. a thinker, intelligent man, man of understanding, leader

a wise man, sage, seer, prophet

a singer, bard, poet (but in this sense without any technical application in the Veda) RV. VS. TS. AV. S3Br. i, 4, 2, 8 Kat2hUp. iii, 14 MBh. Bhag. Bha1gP. Mn. vii, 49 R. Ragh.

N. of several gods, (esp.) of Agni RV. ii, 23, 1

x, 5, 4, 3

iii, 5, 1

i, 31, 2

76, 5

of Varun2a, Indra, the As3vins, Maruts, A1dityas

of the Soma

of the Soma priest and other sacrificers

(probably) N. of a particular poet

cf. %{a4Ggiras} (Mn. ii, 151) and %{uza4nas} (Bhag. x, 37)

of the ancient sages or patriarchs (as spirits now surrounding the sun)

of the R2ibhus (as skilful in contrivance)

of Pu1shan (as leader or guider)

N. of a son of Brahma1 MBh. xiii, 4123, 4142-4150

of Brahma1 W.

of a son of Bhr2igu and father of S3ukra MBh. i, 2606 (cf. 3204 Bha1gP. iv, 1, 45 and Kull. on Mn. iii, 198)

that of S3ukra (regent of the planet Venus and preceptor of the demons) Ra1jat. iv, 495

of the planet Venus NBD.

of the sons of several Manus Hariv. Bha1gP. VP.

of a son of Kaus3ika and pupil of Garga Hariv.

of a son of R2ishabha Bha1gP.

of Va1lmi1ki

a keeper or herd RV. vii, 18, 8

(fig.) N. of the gates of the sacrificial enclosure TS. v, 11, 1, 2 (cf. %{kava4S})

the sun W.

of various men

the soul in the Sa1m2khya philosophy Comm.

a cunning fighter

an owl

(%{is}, or %{I} W.) f. the bit of a bridle

the reins (cf. %{kavikA}) W.

a ladle (cf. %{kambi}) L.
कवल (kavala) (kavala)
m. (n. ?) a mouthful (as of water &c.)

a morsel MBh. R. Ragh. Mn. Bhartr2.

a wash for cleansing the mouth, gargle Sus3r.

a kind of fish (commonly Baliya) L.
कु (ku) (ku)
1 a pronom. base appearing in %{ku4tas}, %{ku4tra}, %{kuvi4d}, %{ku4ha}, %{kva4}, and as a prefix implying deterioration, depreciation, deficiency, want, littleness, hindrance, reproach, contempt, guilt

originally perhaps %{ku} signified `" how (strange!) "'

as a separate word %{ku} occurs only in the lengthened form 3. %{kU4} q.v.2 f. the earth A1ryabh. VarBr2S. VarBr2. BhP. vi, 1, 42

the ground or base of a triangle or other plane figure, Comm on A1ryabh.

the number `" one. "'3 see 1. %{kU}.
कविक्रतु (kavikratu) (kavikratu)
(%{kavi4-}) mfn. having the insight of a wise man, full of discernment, wise (said of Agni and the Soma) RV. VS. AV. [264,3]

one who possesses wisdom or sacrifices Sa1y.
कविता (kavitā) (kavitā)
f. poetry, ornate style (whether of verse or prose) Bhartr2. Prasannar.

a poem W.

%{-tA7mRta-kUpa} m. `" well of nectar of poetry "'N. of a modern collection of verses

%{-rahasya} n. `" the secret of style "'N. of wk. on rhetoric

%{-vedin} mfn. `" understanding poesy "', wise, learned

a poet, genius W.

%{-zakti} f. poetic talent MW.
कवित्व (kavitva) (kavitva)
n. intelligence RV. x, 124, 7

poetic skill or power or gift Das3. Sa1h. Vet.

%{-ratnA7kara} m. `" jewel-mine of poesy "'N. of a modern work on rhetoric.
कविराज (kavirāja) (kavirāja)
m. a king of poets Va1m. iv, 1, 10

N. of the author of the Ra1ghavapa1n2d2avi1ya Ba1lar. viii, 20

%{-kautuka} m. N. of wk.

%{-bhikSu} m. N. of a man

%{-yati} m. N. of a man

%{-vasuMdhara} m. N. of a man.
कश (kaśa) (kaśa)
m. a species of rodent animal VS. TS. (cf. %{kazIkA4})

a whip, thong MBh. (cf. %{prakaza4})

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people BhP. (ed. Bomb.)
कशिपु (kaśipu) (kaśipu)
%{us}, %{u} m. n. a mat, pillow, cushion, mattress AV. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Kaus3. Vait. BhP.

a couch BhP.

(%{us}) m. food

clothing

(%{U}) m. du. food and clothing

(sometimes spelt %{kasipu}.)
कशेरु (kaśeru) (kaśeru)
%{u} n. m. (fr. %{ka}, water or wind, + %{zRR} Un2. i, 90

also written %{kaseru}) the back-bone

(%{Us}) f. (Un2. i, 90) and (%{u}) n. the root of Scirpus Kysoor (a kind of grass with a bulbous root) Sus3r.

(%{us}) m. one of the nine divisions of Bha1ratavarsha Hariv. 6793 VP. Ra1jat.

(%{U}) f. N. of the daughter of Tvasht2r2i Hariv. 6793 (v.l.)
कश्मीर (kaśmīra) (kaśmīra)
%{As} m. pl. (ifc. f. %{A}

%{kaz} ? perhaps contraction of %{kazyapa-mIra}

cf. Ra1jat. i, 25 R. i, 70, 19)N. of a country and of the people inhabiting it (cf. %{kAzmIra}) g. %{bhargA7di} Pa1n2. 4-1, 178

%{saGkAzA7di}, iv, 2, 80

%{kacchA7di}, iv, 2, 133

%{sindhv-Adi}, iv, 3, 93 Ra1jat.
कश्यप (kaśyapa) (kaśyapa)
mfn. (fr. %{kazya} + 2. %{pa}) having black teeth Comm. on Ka1tyS3r. x, 2, 35

m. a tortoise (%{kacchapa}) VS. xxiv, 37 AitBr. S3Br.

a sort of fish W.

a kind of deer (cf. %{kAzyapa})

a class of divine beings associated with Praja1pati AV. TS. VS.

(%{As}) m. pl. a class of semidivine genii connected with or regulating the course of the sun AV. xiii, 1, 23 TA1r. i, 8 Pa1rGr2. ii, 9, 13

N. of a mythical R2ishi AitBr. S3Br.

of an ancient sage VS. AV. &c., (a descendant of Mari1ci and author of several hymns of the R2ig-vedaS3Br.

he was husband of Aditi and twelve other daughters of Daksha MBh. i, 2598 Mn. ix, 129

by Aditi he was father of the A1dityas [cf. %{kAzyapeya}] TS. S3Br.

and of Vivasvat R.

and of Vishn2u in his %{vAmana@avatAra} R. BhP. VP.

by his other twelve wives he was father of demons, na1gas, reptiles, birds, and all kinds of living things

from the prominent part ascribed to him in creation he is sometimes called Praja1-pati

he is one of the seven great R2ishis and priest of Paras3u-ra1ma and Ra1ma-candra

he is supposed by some to be a personification of races inhabiting the Caucasus, the Caspian, Kas3mi1r, &c.)

a patronymic from Kas3yapa S3Br.

the author of a Dharmas3a1stra called Kas3yaho7llara-sam2hita1

the constellation Cancer (cf. Pers. {kashaf}) VP.

(%{As}) m. pl. the descendants of Kas3yapa AitBr. A1s3vS3r.

(%{A}) f. a female R2ishi (authoress of a verse in the White Yajur-veda).
कष (kaṣa) (kaṣa)
mfn. (ifc.) rubbing, scraping, rubbing away

m. rubbing Naish.

a touchstone, assay (%{nikaSa}) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 3-3, 119 Mr2icch.

(%{A}) f. (for %{kazA} q.v.) a whip R. vi, 37, 41 BhP.
कषाय (kaṣāya) (kaṣāya)
mfn. astringent MBh. xiv, 1280 and 1411 R. Sus3r. Pan5cat. BhP.

fragrant Megh. 31

red, dull red, yellowish red (as the garment of a Buddhist Bhikshu) MBh. Hariv. Mr2icch. Ya1jn5.

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. (g. %{ardharcA7di}) an astringent flavour or taste Sus3r.

a yellowish red colour Ya1jn5. i, 272 Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 1

an astringent juice, extract of juice S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. xi, 153

a decoction or infusion Sus3r. (the result of boiling down a mixture consisting of one part of a drug and four or, according to some, eight or sixteen parts of water until only one quarter is left Sus3r.)

any healing or medicinal potion Bhpr.

exudation from a tree, juice, gum, resin

ointment, smearing, anointing

colouring or perfuming or anointing the person with cosmetics MBh.

dirt, filth

stain or impurity or sin cleaving to the soul ChUp. BhP.

dulness, stupidity Veda1ntas.

defect, decay, degeneracy (of which, according to Buddhists, there are five marks, viz. %{Ayus-k-}, %{dRSTi-k-}, %{kleza-k-}, %{sattva-k-}, %{kalpa-k-})

attachment to worldly objects W.

m. red, redness

a kind of snake Sus3r. ii, 265, 14

emotion, passion (%{rAga}, of which the Jainas reckon four kinds HYog. iv, 6 and 77)

the Kali-yuga

the tree Bignonia Indica R. ii, 28, 21

N. of a teacher (v.l. %{kazAya}) g. %{zaunakA7di}

(%{as}, %{A}, %{am}) mf. n. the tree Grislea tomentosa

(%{A}) f. a thorny shrub, a species of small Hedysarum

(%{am}) n. a dull or yellowish red garment or robe MBh. ii, 675 (cf. %{kASAya}, %{paJca-kaSAya}

%{a-niSkaSAya}, full of impure passions MBh. xii, 568.)
कष्ट (kaṣṭa) (kaṣṭa)
mfn. (perhaps p.p. of %{kaS} Pa1n2. 7-2, 22 Vop. 26, 111 Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 6-2, 47), bad R. [266,1]

ill, evil, wrong Mn. MBh. R. Sus3r. &c.

painful Sus3r.

grievous, severe, miserable Mn. xii, 78 Ya1jn5. iii, 29 Bhartr2.

difficult, troublesome Mn. vii, 186 and 210

worst Mn. vii, 50 and 51

pernicious, noxious, injurious Sus3r.

dangerous (= %{kRcchra}) Pa1n2. 7-2, 22 Nal. xiii, 16

inaccessible (= %{gahana}) Pa1n2. 7-2, 22

boding evil Comm. on Pa1n2. 3-2, 188

m. `" N. of a man "' see %{kASTAyana}

(in rhetoric) offending the ear Va1m. ii, 1, 6

forced, unnatural

(%{am}) n. a bad state of things, evil, wrong

pain, suffering, misery, wretchedness

trouble, difficulty

bodily exertion, strain, labour, toil, fatigue, weariness, hardship, uneasiness, inquietude (mental or bodily) R. Katha1s. Pan5cat. S3ak. Hit.

%{kaSTAt-kaSTam}, or %{kaSTataram}, worse than the worst

%{kaSTena} or %{kaSTAt}, with great difficulty Pan5cat.

(%{am}) ind. an exclamation of grief or sorrow

ah! woe! aIas! MBh. R. Mr2icch.
कस्तूरी (kastūrī) (kastūrī)
f. musk Sa1h. 337, 3 Bhpr. &c.

the plant Hibiscus Abelmoschus

the plant Amaryllis zeylanica L.
कस्तूरिका (kastūrikā) (kastūrikā)
(or %{kasturikA} ?) f. musk-deer T.

musk, the animal perfume (supposed to come out of the navel of the musk-deer, and brought from Kas3mi1r, Nepa1l, Western Assam or Butan, the latter being the best) VarBr2S. Pan5cat. Katha1s. &c. (cf. Gk. $.) &82788[266,2]
कह्लार (kahlāra) (kahlāra)
n. the white esculent water-lily (Nymphaea Lotus) MBh. Sus3r. R2itus. &c. (cf. %{kalhAra}.)
काक (kāka) (kāka)
m. (onomat. imitation of the cawing of the crow cf. %{kai} Nir. iii, 18 Un2.), a crow AdbhBr. Mn. MBh. R. Sus3r. Hit.

(metaphorically, as an expression of contempt e.g. %{na@tvAM@kAkaM@manye}, I rate thee less than a crow Pa1n2. 2-3, 17 Pat.

cf. %{tIrtha-kAka} Comm. on Pa1n2. 2-1, 42)

an impudent or insolent fellow

a lame man, a cripple W.

washing the head, bathing by dipping the head only in water (after the manner of crows)

a sectarial mark (%{tilaka})

a particular measure

the plant Ardisia Humilis

N. of a Dvi1pa or division of the world

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people VP. Nal.

(%{I}) f. a female crow Pa1n2. 6-3, 42 Pat. on Va1rtt. 2 Pan5cat. Katha1s.

personified as a daughter of Kas3yapa by Ta1mra1 and mother of crows (Hariv. 222) and owls (MBh. i, 2620)

the plant Ka1koli1

N. of one of the seven mothers of S3is3u

(%{A}) f. the plant Abrus precatorius

Leea Hirta

Solanum indicum

Ficus oppositifolia

the plant Ka1koli1

the plant Raktika1

(%{am}) n. a multitude or assembly of crows Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 37

a modus coeundi L.
काकति (kākati) (kākati)
f. N. of a household deity of the prince of Ekas3ila1 (a form of Durga1), Prata1par.
काकतीय (kākatīya) (kākatīya)
mfn. a worshipper of Ka1kati

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people, Prata1par.
काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) (kākutstha)
m. (g. %{zivA7di} Pa1n2. 4-1, 112) a descendant of Kakutstha R. ii, 110, 28 Ra1jat.

N. of Anenas MBh. iii, 13516

of Aja Ragh. vi, 2

of Das3a-ratha R. i, 23, 3

of Ra1ma, i, 24, 18 Ragh. xii, 46

of Lakshman2a R. iii, 49, 22

N. of a sovereign (also Puram2jaya)

(%{au}) m. du. Ra1ma and Lakshman2a R. ii, 99, 3 Ragh. xii, 30.
काकोल (kākola) (kākola)
m. a raven Mn. v, 14 Ya1jn5. i, 174 &c. (cf. %{kAka} and %{kAkAla})

a boar

a snake

a potter (cf. %{kulAla})

the plant Ka1koli1

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a kind of poison

a poisonous substance of a black colour or the colour of a raven (perhaps the berry of the Cocculus indicus) W.

(%{am}) n. a division of hell Ya1jn5. iii, 223.
काकोलूकीय (kākolūkīya) (kākolūkīya)
n. `" the story of the crow and the owl "' N. of the third book of the Pan5catantra.
काङ्क्षा (kāṅkṣā) (kāṅkṣā)
f. (ifc.) wish, desire, inclination R. Nal. Sus3r. Pan5cat.
काङ्क्षित (kāṅkṣita) (kāṅkṣita)
mfn. wished, desired, longed for

expected MBh. R. Ragh.

considered, thought upon (dat. acc. ed. Bomb.) R. ii, 25, 43

(%{am}) n. wish, desire R. v, 29, 9.
काच (kāca) (kāca)
m. (%{kac}) glass Sus3r. Pan5cat. Katha1s.

(pl. glass pearls) S3Br. xiii, 2, 6, 8

crystal or quartz (used as an ornament) W.

alkaline ashes, any salt of potash or soda in a crystalline state W.

a class of diseases of the eye (especially an affection of the optic nerve or gutta serena) Sus3r.

a loop, a string fastened to each end of a pole with a net in which burdens &c. are held or suspended, a yoke to support burdens &c. (= %{zikya})

the string of the scale of a balance

a Dvis3a1laka having one room on the north side and another on the south

(%{am}) n. alkaline salt, block salt

wax

(mfn.) having the colour of glass.
काञ्चन (kāñcana) (kāñcana)
n. gold Naigh. i, 2 Mn. Ya1jn5. Nal. Sus3r. Hit. [268,3]

money, wealth, property W.

the filament of the lotus

(mf(%{I})n.) golden, made or consisting of gold MBh. R. Mn. Megh. S3ak. BhP.

m. N. of several edible plants (Mesua ferrea

Michelia Champaca

Ficus glomerata

Bauhinia variegata

Datura fastuosa

Rottleria tinctoria L.)

a covenant binding for the whole life Ka1m. (= Hit.)

a particular form of temple Hcat.

N. of the fifth Buddha

N. of a son of Na1ra1yan2a (author of the play Dhanan5jayavijaya)

N. of a prince (cf. %{kAJcana-prabha})

(%{I}) f. turmeric

a kind of Asclepias (%{svarNakSIrI})

a plant akin to the Premna spinosa

a kind af yellow pigment.
काञ्ची (kāñcī) (kāñcī)
f. (fr. %{kac}

cf. %{kAJci}) a girdle (especially a woman's zone or girdle furnished with small bells and other ornaments, %{razanA}) R. Ragh. Megh. BhP. Sus3r.

the plant Abrus precatorius

N. of an ancient city (one of the seven sacred cities of the Hindu1s, now Kon5ji1varam, not very far from Madras = %{kAJcI-varam}, %{-puram} RTL. p. 446) VarBr2S. BhP. &c.
काञ्जिक (kāñjika) (kāñjika)
n. sour gruel, water of boiled rice in a state of spontaneous fermentation Sus3r.

(%{A}) f. id.

a medicinal plant

an edible legume

a kind of creeping plant L.
काठक (kāṭhaka) (kāṭhaka)
mf(%{I})n. relating to Kat2ha, according to the Kat2haka school of the Black Yajur-veda Pat. Sarvad.

(%{am}) n. N. of one of the recensions of the Black Yajur-veda Nir. Pa1n2. Pat.
काण (kāṇa) (kāṇa)
mf(%{A})n. (etym. doubtful

g. %{kaDArA7di}) one-eyed, monoculous (%{akSNA@kANaH}, blind of one eye Comm. on Pa1n2. 2-1, 30 and 3, 20) RV. x, 155, 1 AV. xii, 4, 3 TS. ii, 5, 1, 7 Mn. MBh.

pierced, perforated (as a cowrie perforated or broken by insects) Comm. on Pa1n2. 2-3, 20 Hit. Pan5cat. Bhartr2. iii, 5

`" having only one loop or ring "' and `" one-eyed "' Pan5cat.

m. a crow L.
काण्ड (kāṇḍa) (kāṇḍa)
[or %{kANDa4} TS. vii], %{as}, %{am} m. n. (ifc. f. %{A}, or %{I}) [cf. %{khaNDa}, with which in some of its senses %{kANDa} is confounded] a single joint of the stalk or stem of a plant, such as a bamboo or reed or cane (i.e. the portion from one knot to another cf. %{tri-k-}), any part or portion, section, chapter, division of a work or book (cf. %{tri-k-}), any distinct portion or division of an action or of a sacrificial rite (as that belonging to the gods or to the manes) AV. TS. VS.

a separate department or subject (e.g. %{karma-kANDa}, the department of the Veda treating of sacrificial rites Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 51) AV. TS. S3Br. R.

a stalk, stem, branch, switch MBh. R. Mn. i, 46, 48 Kaus3. Sus3r.

the part of the trunk of a tree whence the branches proceed W.

a cluster, bundle W.

a multitude, heap, quantity (ifc.) Pa1n2. 4-2, 51 Ka1s3.

an arrow MBh. xiii, 265 Hit.

a bone of the arms or legs, long bone (cf. %{kANDa-bhagna} and %{pucchakANDa4}) Sus3r.

a rudder (?) R. ii, 89, 19

a kind of square measure Pa1n2. 4-1, 23 Vop. vii, 55

a cane, reed, Saccharum Sara (%{zara})

water

opportunity, occasion (cf. %{a-kANDa})

a private place, privacy

praise, flattery

(ifc. implying depreciation) vile, low Pa1n2. 6-2, 126

= %{kANDasyA7vayavo@vikAro@vA7} g. %{bilvA7di}

(%{I}) f. a little stalk or stem Ra1jat. vii, 117.
काण्व (kāṇva) (kāṇva)
mfn. relating to or worshipping Kan2va Pa1n2. 4-2, 111

m. a descendant of Kan2va RV. Ta1n2d2yaBr. S3a1n3khS3r.

a worshipper of Kan2va Comm. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 111

(%{As}) m. pl. (Pa1n2. 4-2, 111) the school of Ka1n2va

N. of a dynasty VP.

(%{am}) n. N. of several Sa1mans.
कातर (kātara) (kātara)
mf(%{A})n. (etym. doubtful, perhaps from %{katara}, `" uncertain as to which of the two "' BRD.), cowardly, faint-hearted, timid, despairing, discouraged, disheartened, confused, agitated, perplexed, embarrassed, shrinking, frightened, afraid of (loc. or inf. or in comp.) R. Mr2icch. Ragh. Megh. S3ak. Pan5cat. Hit.

m. a kind of large fish (Cyprinus Catla, %{kAtala})

N. of a man (see %{kAtarAyaNa})

(%{am}) n. (in %{sa-kAtara}) `" timidity, despair, agitation. "'
कात्यायन (kātyāyana) (kātyāyana)
m. `" descendant of Kati "' (see 2. %{kati}), N. of the author of several treatises on ritual, grammar, &c. Hariv. 1461 & 1768 R. ii, 67, 2 VPra1t. Ya1jn5. i, 4 (he is also author of the Va1rttikas or critical annotations on the aphorisms of Pa1n2ini, of the Yajur-veda Pra1tis3a1khya, and of the S3rauta-su1tras, and is identified with Vara-ruci, the author of the Pra1kr2ita-praka1s3a)

(%{I4}) f. N. of one of the two wives of Ya1jn5avalkya S3Br.

of a Pravra1jika1 Katha1s.

of Durga1 Hariv. Lalit. Prab.

a middle-aged widow dressed in red clothes

mf(%{I})n. composed by Ka1tya1yana.
कादम्बर (kādambara) (kādambara)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. the surface or skim of coagulated milk, sour cream

(%{am}, %{I}) n. f. (n. L.) a spirituous liquor distilled from the flowers of the Cadamba Ka1d. 102, 19

the rain water which collects in hollow places of the tree Nauclea Cadamba when the flowers are in perfection (it is supposed to be impregnated with honey)

wine

spirituous liquor (in general)

the fluid which issues from the temples of a rutting elephant

(%{I}) f. the female of the Kokila or Indian cuckoo

the preaching-crow

N. of Sarasvati1

of a daughter of Citra-ratha and Madira1

of a celebrated story by Ba1n2a named after her.
कादम्बिनी (kādambinī) (kādambinī)
f. a long line or bank of clouds Prasannar. iv, 20

N. of a daughter of Takshaka Vi1rac.
कानन (kānana) (kānana)
1 n. (said to be fr. %{kan}) a forest, grove (sometimes in connection with %{vana}) R. Nal. Ragh. Pan5cat. Sus3r.

(ifc. f. %{A} R. Ragh.)

a house L.
कान्त (kānta) (kānta)
&c. see s.v. 1 mf(%{A})n. (fr. 2. %{kam}), desired, loved, dear, pleasing, agreeable, lovely, beautiful

m. any one beloved, a lover, husband

the moon

the spring

the plant Barringtonia Acutangula

iron

a stone (cf. %{sUrya-k-}, &c.)

N. of Kr2ishn2a

of Skanda MBh. iii, 14631

of a son of Dharma-netra Hariv. i, 33, 3

(%{A}) f. a beloved or lovely woman, wife, mistress Katha1s.

a charming wife

the earth

N. of certain plants

large cardamoms

a kind of perfume (%{reNukA}, Piper aurantiacum)

N. of a metre of four lines of seventeen syllables each

a kind of S3ruti

(%{am}) n. saffron

a kind of iron

a magnet Buddh.

a kind of house L.
कान्ति (kānti) (kānti)
f. desire, wish

loveliness, beauty, splendour, female beauty, personal decoration or embellishment Nal. S3ak. Megh. Pan5cat. Sus3r. Katha1s.

a lovely colour, brightness (especially of the moon) Katha1s.

(ifc. f. %{I}) Caurap.

(in rhetoric) beauty enhanced by love Va1m. iii, 1, 22

xxii, 14 Sa1h.

a lovely or desirable woman personified as wife of the moon Hariv. 5419

N. of Lakshmi1 BhP. x, 65, 29

of Durga1 Devi1P.
कान्तार (kāntāra) (kāntāra)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. a large wood, forest, wilderness, waste MBh. R. Ya1jn5. ii, 38 Katha1s. Pan5cat.

a difficult road through a forest, forest-path

a hole, cavity

m. a red variety of the sugar-cane Sus3r.

a bamboo

the mountain ebony (Bauhinia variegata)

(in music) a kind of measure, (%{I}) f. a kind of sugar-cane

(%{am}) n. a national calamity, calamity Ka1ran2d2. xlvii, 15 and 20

the blossom of a kind of lotus, lotus

a symptom or symptomatic disease W.
कान्यकुब्ज (kānyakubja) (kānyakubja)
n. N. of a city (= %{kanya-kubja} q.v.) MBh. R. BhP. &c.

(mf(%{I})n.) belonging to or dwelling in Ka1nyakubja

(%{I}) f. a princess or a female inhabitant of Ka1nyakubja Comm. on Pa1n2. 4-1, 78. [In Katha1s. lxi, 219 wrongly printed Ka1nya1kubja.]
कापाल (kāpāla) (kāpāla)
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kapAla}), relating to the skull or cranium R. i, 29, 13 VarBr2S. (= Pan5cat.)

made of skulls Prasannar. lxxviii, 15

m. a follower of a particular S3aiva sect of ascetics (see %{kApAlika})

the plant Cucumis utilissimus

(%{As}) m. pl. the school of Kapa1lin

(%{I}) f. the Embelia Ribes

a clever woman

(%{am}) n. a kind of leprosy Car. vi, 7.
कापालिक (kāpālika) (kāpālika)
mf(%{I})n. relating to or belonging to a skull (= %{kapAlike7va}) g. %{zarkarA7di} Pa1n2. 5-3, 107

m. a kind of S3aiva ascetic who carries a human skull and uses it as a receptacle for his food (he belongs to the left-hand sect) VarBr2S. Bhartr2. i, 64 Prab. liii, 5 Katha1s. &c.

N. of a mixed class (%{kapAlin})

N. of a teacher

(%{am}) n. a kind of leprosy

(mfn.) peculiar to a Ka1pa1lika Prab. Pan5cat.
कापुरुष (kāpuruṣa) (kāpuruṣa)
m. (fr. 2. %{kA} Pa1n2. 6-3, 106 Vop. vi, 94), a contemptible man, coward, wretch R. Pan5cat. Hit.

(mf(%{A})n.) unmanly, cowardly, miserable Hariv. R. vi, 88, 13.
काम (kāma) (kāma)
&c. see s.v.
कामकार (kāmakāra) (kāmakāra)
mfn. fulfilling the desires of any one (gen.) R. vii, 63, 8

m. the act of following one's own inclinations, spontaneous deed, voluntary action, acting of one's own free will, free will Mn. MBh. R. Bhag.

%{-raM-kR}, to act as one likes

%{-reNa} and %{-rAt} and %{-ra-tas} ind. according to one's desires or inclinations, willingly, spontaneously Mn. MBh. &c.
कामगिरि (kāmagiri) (kāmagiri)
m. N. of a mountain VP.
कामदुघ (kāmadugha) (kāmadugha)
mf(%{A})n. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 70 Ka1s3.) `" milking desires "', yielding objects of desire like milk, yielding what one wishes VS. TS. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c. Ba1lar.

(%{A}) f. = %{-dhenu}.
कामदुह् (kāmaduh) (kāmaduh)
mfn. (nom. sg. %{-dhuk}) id. MBh. &c.
कामिन् (kāmin) (kāmin)
mfn. desirous, longing after (acc. or in comp.)

loving, fond, impassioned, wanton

amorous, enamoured, in love with (acc. or with %{saha} or %{sA7rdham})S3a1n3khS3r. MBh. R. S3ak. &c.

(%{I}) m. a lover, gallant, anxious husband

the ruddy goose (%{cakra-vAka})

a pigeon

Ardea Sibirica

a sparrow

N. of S3iva

(%{inI}) f. a loving or affectionate woman Mn. viii, 112 R. Megh. Hariv. Ragh. &c.

a timid woman

a woman in general

a form of Devi1 Hcat.

the plant Vanda Roxburghii

the plant Curcuma aromatica

a spirituous liquor
कामुक (kāmuka) (kāmuka)
mf(%{A})n. wishing for, desiring, longing after (in comp.) R. BhP.

loving, enamoured or in love with (acc.) TS. vi

(f. %{I}), desirous, lustful Pa1n2. 4-1, 42

m. a lover, gallant R. Ragh. xix, 33 &c.

(with gen.) Va1rtt. on Pa1n2. 2-3, 69

a sparrow

the plant Jonesia As3oka

the creeping plant Gaertnera racemosa

a bow (v.l. for %{kArmuka}) W.

a kind of pigeon

N. of an author of Mantras

(%{A}) f. N. of Da1kshya1yan2i1 in Gandha-ma1dana

a woman desirous of wealth &c. W.

(%{I}) f. a lustful woman cf. Pa1n2. 4-1, 42, and Vop. iv, 26

a kind of crane L.
काम्पिल्य (kāmpilya) (kāmpilya)
m. N. of a country

of one of the five sons of Hary-as3va or Bharmya7s3va (called collectively Pan5ca1las) VP. BhP.

of a plant (probably a Crinum cf. %{kampila} and %{kAmpIla})

a perfume (commonly Sunda Rocani1)

(%{A}, %{am}) fn.N. of a city of the Pan5ca1las MBh. R. Katha1s. VP.
काम्बोज (kāmboja) (kāmboja)
mfn. (fr. %{kamboja} g. %{sindhv-Adi} and %{kacchA7di}), born in or coming from Kamboja (as horses) R. v, 12, 36 &c.

m. a native of Kamboja (a race who, like the Yavanas, shave the whole head

originally a Kshatriya tribe, but degraded through its omission of the necessary rites W.)

a prince of the Kambojas MBh. i, 6995

a horse of the Kamboja breed W.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people= Kamboja Mn. x, 44 MBh. R.: Ragh. BhP. Ra1jat.

the plant Rottleria tinctoria (commonly Punnag)

a kind of white Mimosa

(%{I}) f. the plant Glycine debilis

a kind of Mimosa

the tree Abrus precatorius

the plant Serratula anthelminthica
काम्य (kāmya) (kāmya)
1 Nom. P. %{-yati}, to have a desire for (only ifc. e.g. %{putra-kAmyati}, to have a desire for children) Pa1n2. 3-1, 9 Comm. on Pa1n2. 8-3, 38 and 39 Vop. xxi, 1 S3a1ntis3. Bhat2t2. ix, 59.
काम्यक (kāmyaka) (kāmyaka)
m. N. of a forest MBh. iii, 218

242 sqq.

of a lake ib. ii, 1877.
काय (kāya) (kāya)
1 mf(%{I})n. (fr. 3. %{ka} Pa1n2. 4-2, 25), relating or devoted to the god Ka (Praja1-pati RV. x, 121) VS. TS. S3Br.

&c.

m. one of the eight modes of marriage (= Pra1ja1patya see %{vivAha}) Mn. iii, 38 Ya1jn5. i, 60

(%{am}) n. part of the hand sacred to Praja1-pati, the root of the little finger Mn. ii, 58 and 59.
कायस्थ (kāyastha) (kāyastha)
m. `" dwelling in the body "', the Supreme Spirit

a particular caste or man of that caste, the Ka1yath or writer caste (born from a Kshatriya father and S3u1dra mother) Ya1jn5. Mr2icch. &c.

(%{A}) f. a woman of that caste

Myrobalanus Chebula

Emblica officinalis Bhpr.

Ocimum sanctum

a drug (commonly Ka1koli1)

cardamoms

(%{I}) f. the wife of a Ka1yath or writer L.
कार (kāra) (kāra)
1 mf(%{I})n. (1. %{kR} Pa1n2. 3-2, 23), making, doing, working, a maker, doer (ifc. see %{kumbha-k-}, %{yajJa@k-}, %{suvarNa-k-})

an author (e.g. %{vArttika-k-})

m. (ifc.) an act, action (see %{kAma-k-}, %{puruSa-k-})

the term used in designating a letter or sound or indeclinable word (e.g. %{a-k-}, %{ka-k-}, qq. vv.

%{eva-k-}, the word %{eva}

%{phUt-k-} q.v.) Pra1t. Mn. &c.

effort, exertion

determination

religious austerity

a husband, master, lord

(%{as} or %{A}) m. or f. act of worship, song of praise Divya1v.

(%{I}) f. N. of a plant (= %{kArikA}, %{kAryA} &c.) L.2 m. (= 2. %{kara}) tax, toll, royal revenue Pa1n2. 6-3, 10

a heap of snow or a mountain covered with it

(mfn.) produced by hail Sus3r.4 m. (2. %{kRR}), killing, slaughter m. bringing down, humiliation, wrong, offence, injury MBh. Ka1v. &c.

wickedness, malice W.

opposition, contradiction W.

= next Gal.
कारक (kāraka) (kāraka)
1 mf(%{ikA})n. (generally ifc.) making, doing, acting, who or what does or produces or creates MBh. &c. (cf. %{siMha-k-}, %{kRtsna-k-}, %{zilpa-k})

intending to act or do Pa1n2. 2-3, 70 Sch.

(%{am}) n. `" instrumental in bringing about the action denoted by a verb (= %{kriyA-hetu} or %{-nimitta}) "', the notion of a case (but not co-extensive with the term case

there are six such relations accord. to Pa1n2., viz. %{karman}, %{karaNa}, %{kartR}, %{sampradAna}, %{apA7dAna}, %{adhikaraNa}, qq. vv. The idea of the genitive case is not considered a %{kAraka}, because it ordinarily expresses the relation of two nouns to each other, but not the relation of a noun and verb).
कारण (kāraṇa) (kāraṇa)
1 n. cause, reason, the cause of anything (gen., also often loc.) Ka1tyS3r. MBh. Mn. &c.

instrument, means

motive origin, principle

a cause (in phil. i.e. that which is invariably antecedent to some product cf. %{samavA7yi-k-}, %{asamavA7yi-k-}, %{nimitta-k-})

an element, elementary matter Ya1jn5. iii, 148 Bhag. xviii, 13

the origin or plot of a play or poem Sa1h.

that on which an opinion or judgment is founded (a sign, mark

a proof

a legal instrument, document) Mn. MBh. &c.

an organ of sense Ragh. xvi, 22 &c.

an action MBh. xii, 12070

agency, instrumentality, condition Katha1s. cxii, 178

`" the cause of being "', a father W.

`" cause of creation "', a deity W.

the body

a kind of musical instrument

a sort of song

a number of scribes or Ka1yasthas W.

(%{A}) f. pain, agony Das3.

an astronomical period W. [%{kAraNAt}, from some cause or reason, Rpra1t. iii, 13 Mn. viii, 355

%{kasmAt@kAraNAt}, from what cause? %{mama-kAraNAt}, for my sake R. &c.

%{a-kAraNena}, without a reason Ya1jn5. ii, 234

%{yena@kAraNena}, because

%{yasmin@kAraNe}, from which motive, wherefore.]2 n. killing, injury n. killing, slaughter L.
कारा (kārā) (kārā)
f. (1. %{kR}?), a prison Vikr. Das3.

binding, confinement g. %{bhidA7di}

the part of a lute below the neck (for deadening the sound)

pain, affliction

a female messenger

a female worker in gold

a kind of bird L.
कारु (kāru) (kāru)
1 %{us} mf. (fr. 1. %{kR}), a maker, doer, artisan, mechanic Mn. Ya1jn5. &c.

(%{us}) m. `" architect of the gods "'N. of Vis3va-karman

an art, science

mfn. (only etymological) horrible MBh. i, 1657.
कारवेल्ल (kāravella) (kāravella)
m. the gourd Momordica Charantia Sus3r.

(%{I}) f. id. Bhpr.

(%{am}) n. its fruit
कारिकावली (kārikāvalī) (kārikāvalī)
f. N. of wk.
कारित (kārita) (kārita)
mfn. ifc. caused to be made or done, brought about, effected Mn. MBh. &c.

(%{A}) f. (scil. %{vRddhi}) forced to be paid, interest exceeding the legal rate of interest Gaut. Comm. on Mn. viii, 153

(%{am}) n. the Caus. form of a verb Nir. i, 13.
कारीर (kārīra) (kārīra)
mfn. (g. %{palAzA7di}) made of the shoots of reed Lalit. Pa1n2. 4-3, 135 Ka1s3.

(%{I4}) f. (scil. %{i4STi}) `" connected with the fruit of the plant Capparis aphylla "', a sacrifice in which this fruit is used MaitrS. Ka1t2h. &c.
कार्कोट (kārkoṭa) (kārkoṭa)
m. N. of a serpent-demon Katha1s.
कार्कोटक (kārkoṭaka) (kārkoṭaka)
m. id. ib.

(%{am}) n. N. of a town ib.
कार्तवीर्य (kārtavīrya) (kārtavīrya)
m. `" son of Kr2ita-vi1rya "'N. of Arjuna (a prince of the Haihayas, killed by Paras3ura1ma) MBh. &c.

N. of one of the Cakravartins (emperors of the world in Bha1rata-varsha) Jain.
कार्त्तिक (kārttika) (kārttika)
m. (fr. %{kRttikA} q.v.

with or without %{mAsa})N. of a month corresponding to part of October and November (the twelfth month of the year, when the full moon is near the Pleiades) Pa1n2. La1t2y. MBh. &c.

N. of Skanda (see %{kArttikeya}) BrahmaP.

of a Varsha

of a medical author

(%{as}, or %{am}) m. n. N. of the first year in Jupiter's period of revolution VarBr2S. Su1ryas.

(%{am}) n. N. of a Ti1rtha MatsyaP.
कार्त्तिकेय (kārttikeya) (kārttikeya)
m. N. of a son of S3iva and Pa1rvati1 (popularly regarded as god of war, because he leads the Gan2as or hosts of S3iva against the demon hosts see RTL. p. 213

accord. to one legend he was son of S3iva without the intervention of Pa1rvati1, the generative energy of S3iva being cast into the fire and then received by the Ganges, whence he is sometimes described as son of Agni and Gan3ga1

when born he was fostered by the six Kr2ittika1s q.v., and these offering their six breasts to the child he became six-headed

he is also called Kuma1ra, Skanda, and Subrahman2ya

his N. Ka1rttikeya may be derived from his foster mothers or from the month Ka1rttika as the best for warfare: in the Mr2icch. and elsewhere he is regarded as presiding over thieves) MBh. &c.
कार्पट (kārpaṭa) (kārpaṭa)
m. (fr. %{karpaTa}), `" one dressed in ragged garments "', a beggar, petitioner, suitor

lac
कार्पटिक (kārpaṭika) (kārpaṭika)
m. a pilgrim Katha1s.

a caravan of pilgrims W.

a deceiver, rogue BhavP.

a trusty follower Hcar.

an experienced man of the world

N. of a pilgrim Katha1s.
कार्पास (kārpāsa) (kārpāsa)
mf(%{I} L.)n. (fr. %{karpAsa}

g. %{bilvA7di}), made of cotton, cottony A1s3vS3r. La1t2y. Mn. &c. [276,1]

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. cotton, cotton cloth, &c. Mn. MBh. &c.

paper W.

(%{I}) f. the cotton plant Sus3r.
कार्य (kārya) (kārya)
mfn. (fut. p.p. 1. %{kR}), to be made or done or practised or performed, practicable feasible AV. iii, 24, 5 TS. Mn. &c.

to be imposed (as a punishment) Mn. viii, 276 & 285

to be offered (as a libation) Mn. &c.

proper to be done, fit, right

(%{am}) n. work or business to be done, duty, affair Mn. MBh. &c.

a religious action or performance Mn. &c.

occupation, matter, thing, enterprise, emergency, occurrence, crisis

conduct, deportment

occasion, need (with inst. e.g. %{tRNena@kAryam}, there is need of a straw

%{na@bhUmyA@kAryam@asmAkam}, we have no business with the earth R. i, 13, 50)

lawsuit, dispute

an operation in grammar (e.g. %{sthAny-AzrayaM@kAryam}, an operation resting on the primitive form as opposed to the %{Adeza}, or substitute) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2.

an effect, result MBh. Sa1m2khyak. Veda7ntas.

motive, object, aim, purpose (e.g. %{kiM@kAryam}, for what purpose? wherefore?) Mn. R. &c.

cause, origin

the denouement of a drama Sa1h.

(%{A}) f. (= %{kArI}, %{-rikA})N. of a plant L.
कार्ष (kārṣa) (kārṣa)
m. (%{kRS}

g. %{chattrA7di}), `" one who ploughs "', a peasant, husbandman DivyA7v.

(%{I}) f. see %{gomaya-k-}.
कार्षापण (kārṣāpaṇa) (kārṣāpaṇa)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. (g. %{ardharcA7di}

cf. %{karS}) `" weighing a Karsha "', a coin or weight of different values (if of gold, = 16 Ma1shas see %{karSa}

if of silver, = 16 Pan2as or 1280 Kowries, commonly termed a Kaha1n

if of copper, = 80 Raktika1s or about 176 grains

but accord. to some = only 1 Pan2a of Kowries or 80 Kowries) Mn. viii, 136

336

ix, 282

(ifc.) worth so many Ka1rsha1pan2as Pa1n2. 5-1, 29

(%{am}) n. money, gold and silver

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a warrior-tribe g. %{parzv-Adi}

m. the chief of this tribe ib. and iv, 1, 177 Va1rtt. 2.
काल (kāla) (kāla)
1 mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 4-1, 42)n. (fr. 3. %{kal}?), black, of a dark colour, dark-blue MBh. R. &c.

m. a black or dark-blue colour

the black part of the eye Sus3r.

the Indian cuckoo

the poisonous serpent Coluber Na1ga (= %{kAlasarpa}) Vet.

the plant Cassia Sophora

a red kind of Plumbago

the resin of the plant Shorea robusta

the planet Saturn

N. of S3iva

of Rudra BhP. iii, 12, 12

of a son of Hrada Hariv. 189

of the prince Ka1la-yavana BhP. iii, 3, 10

of a brother of king Prasena-jit Buddh.

of a future Buddha

of an author of Mantras (= As3va-ghosha) Buddh.

of a Na1ga-ra1ja Buddh.

of a Rakshas R. vi, 69, 12

of an enemy of S3iva

of a mountain R. iv, 44, 21 Ka1ran2d2.

of one of the nine treasures Jain.

a mystical N. of the letter %{m}

(%{A}) f. N. of several plants (Indigofera tinctoria

Piper longum

(perhaps) Ipomoea atropurpurea Sus3r.

Nigella indica

Rubia Munjista

Ruellia longifolia

Physalis flexuosa

Bignonia suaveolens Bhpr.)

the fruit of the Ka1la1 g. %{harItaky-Adi}

N. of a %{zakti} Hcat.

of a daughter of Daksha (the mother of the Ka1leyas or Ka1lakeyas, a family of Asuras) MBh. i, 2520 Hariv.

N. of Durga1

(%{I}) f. black colour, ink or blacking

abuse, censure, defamation

a row or succession of black clouds

night

a worm or animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk (= %{kSIra-kITa} or %{kSAra-kITa})

the plant Ka1la7n5jani1

Ipomoea Turpethum

a kind of clay

Bignonia suaveolens

one of the seven tongues or flames of fire Mun2d2Up. i, 2, 4

a form of Durga1 MBh. iv, 195 Hariv. Kum.

one of the Ma1tr2is or divine mothers

N. of a female evil spirit (mother of the Ka1lakeyas) Hariv. 11552

one of the sixteen Vidya1-devi1s

N. of Satyavati1, wife of king S3a1ntanu and mother of Vya1sa or Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana (after her marriage she had a son Vicitra-vi1rya, whose widows were married by Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana, and bore to him Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and Pa1n2d2u MBh. Hariv.

according to other legends Ka1li1 is the wife of Bhi1masena and mother of Sarvagata BhP.)

(with or without %{gaGgA}) N. of a river

(%{am}) n. a black kind of Agallochum

a kind of perfume (%{kakkolaka})

iron L.
काल (kāla) (kāla)
1 mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 4-1, 42)n. (fr. 3. %{kal}?), black, of a dark colour, dark-blue MBh. R. &c.

m. a black or dark-blue colour

the black part of the eye Sus3r.

the Indian cuckoo

the poisonous serpent Coluber Na1ga (= %{kAlasarpa}) Vet.

the plant Cassia Sophora

a red kind of Plumbago

the resin of the plant Shorea robusta

the planet Saturn

N. of S3iva

of Rudra BhP. iii, 12, 12

of a son of Hrada Hariv. 189

of the prince Ka1la-yavana BhP. iii, 3, 10

of a brother of king Prasena-jit Buddh.

of a future Buddha

of an author of Mantras (= As3va-ghosha) Buddh.

of a Na1ga-ra1ja Buddh.

of a Rakshas R. vi, 69, 12

of an enemy of S3iva

of a mountain R. iv, 44, 21 Ka1ran2d2.

of one of the nine treasures Jain.

a mystical N. of the letter %{m}

(%{A}) f. N. of several plants (Indigofera tinctoria

Piper longum

(perhaps) Ipomoea atropurpurea Sus3r.

Nigella indica

Rubia Munjista

Ruellia longifolia

Physalis flexuosa

Bignonia suaveolens Bhpr.)

the fruit of the Ka1la1 g. %{harItaky-Adi}

N. of a %{zakti} Hcat.

of a daughter of Daksha (the mother of the Ka1leyas or Ka1lakeyas, a family of Asuras) MBh. i, 2520 Hariv.

N. of Durga1

(%{I}) f. black colour, ink or blacking

abuse, censure, defamation

a row or succession of black clouds

night

a worm or animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk (= %{kSIra-kITa} or %{kSAra-kITa})

the plant Ka1la7n5jani1

Ipomoea Turpethum

a kind of clay

Bignonia suaveolens

one of the seven tongues or flames of fire Mun2d2Up. i, 2, 4

a form of Durga1 MBh. iv, 195 Hariv. Kum.

one of the Ma1tr2is or divine mothers

N. of a female evil spirit (mother of the Ka1lakeyas) Hariv. 11552

one of the sixteen Vidya1-devi1s

N. of Satyavati1, wife of king S3a1ntanu and mother of Vya1sa or Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana (after her marriage she had a son Vicitra-vi1rya, whose widows were married by Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana, and bore to him Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and Pa1n2d2u MBh. Hariv.

according to other legends Ka1li1 is the wife of Bhi1masena and mother of Sarvagata BhP.)

(with or without %{gaGgA}) N. of a river

(%{am}) n. a black kind of Agallochum

a kind of perfume (%{kakkolaka})

iron L.
कालक (kālaka) (kālaka)
1 mfn. (Pa1n2. 5-4, 33) dark-blue, black Lalit.

freckled (? or `" dark "', as with anger) Pat.

m. a freckle (? `" black colour "') Pat.

the black part of the eye Sus3r.

a water-snake

a kind of grain Sus3r.

(in alg.) the second unknown quantity, Bi1jag.

N. of a Rakshas R. iii, 29, 30

of an Asura Hariv.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people VarBr2S.

of a dynasty VP.

(%{kA4lakA}) f. a kind of bird VS. xxiv, 35

(g. %{sthUlA7di}) N. of a female evil spirit (mother of the Ka1lakeyas

daughter of Daksha R.

also of Vais3va1nara Hariv. & BhP.) MBh. &c.

(%{kAlikA}) f. blackness or black colour

ink or blacking

a dark spot, rust VarBr2S.

a fault or flaw in gold

change of complexion

the liver Comm. on Ya1jn5.

a particular bloodvessel in the ear Sus3r.

the line of hair extending from the pudenda to the navel

a multitude of clouds R. ii Ragh. xi, 15

snow

fog

the female of the bird An3ga1raka Pat.

a female crow

the female of the bird Turdus macrourus (commonly %{zyAmA})

a scorpion

a small worm or animalcule formed by the fermentation of milk

N. of several plants (Vr2is3cika-pattra, Valeriana Jat2a1ma1n6si1, a kind of Terminalia, a branch of Trichosanthes dioeca)

a kind of fragrant earth

a N. or form of Durga1

a girl of four years old who personates the goddess Durga1 at a festival held in honour of that deity

a kind of female genius MBh. ii, 457 Hariv. 9532

one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2632

N. of a Vidya1dhari1 Katha1s. cviii, 177

of a Kim2nari1

of a Yogini1

of an attendant of the fourth Arhat Jain.

of a river MBh. iii, 8534

(%{am}) n. a worm-hole (in wood) VarBr2S.

the liver

N. of a pot-herb Bhpr.2 mf(%{ikA})n. to be paid monthly (as interest, %{vRddhi}).
कालनेमि (kālanemi) (kālanemi)
m. `" felly of the wheel of time "'N. of an Asura (slain by Kr2ishn2a, identified with Kan6sa) MBh. Hariv. &c. [278,3]

N. of a Rakshas R. vi, 82, 64

N. of a son of the Bra1hman Yajn5a-soma Katha1s. x, 7

%{-purANa} n. N. of a legendary work

%{-ripu}, %{-han}, %{-hara}, %{-(nemy-)ari} m. `" destroyer of Ka1la-nemi "'N. of Kr2ishn2a or Vishn2u L.
कालमुख (kālamukha) (kālamukha)
mfn. black-faced, dark-faced Pat.

m. a kind of monkey MBh. iii, 16613 R.

N. of a fabulous people MBh. ii, 1171 R.

(%{A}) f. N. of a woman Pa1n2. 4-1, 58 Ka1s3.
कालरात्री (kālarātrī) (kālarātrī)
f. a dark night W.

(for 2. %{-rAtri} see p. 278, col. 3.)
कालहस्तीश्वर (kālahastīśvara) (kālahastīśvara)
n. N. of a Ti1rtha.
कालिक (kālika) (kālika)
1 m. a species of heron (Ardea jaculator)(v.l. %{kAlIka})

N. of a king of the Na1gas Lalit.

of a prince Pan5cad.2 mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 5-1, 108)n. relating to or connected with or depending on time Bha1sha1p.

fit for any particular season, seasonable MBh. iii, 868

lasting a long time Pa1n2. 5-1, 108

(often ifc. e.g. %{Asanna-k-}, relating to a time near at hand, impending Pa1n2. 5-4, 20 Sch.

%{mAsa-k-}, monthly MBh. ii, 2080).1. and 2 see col. 1 and p. 277, col. 3.
कालिदास (kālidāsa) (kālidāsa)
m. (fr. %{kAlI}, the goddess Durga1, and %{dAsa}, a slave, the final of %{kAlI} being shortened

cf. Pa1n2. 6-3, 63)N. of a celebrated poet (author of the S3akuntala1, Vikramo7rvas3i1, Ma1lavika7gnimitra, Megha-du1ta, and Raghu-van6s3a

described as one of the nine gems of Vikrama7ditya's court, and variously placed in the first, second, third, and middle of the sixth century A.D.

the name is, however, applied to several persons, especially to two others who may have written the Nalo7daya and S3ruta-bodha [hence the N. is used to denote the number, `" three "'], and seems, in some measure, to have been used as an honorary title).
कालिय (kāliya) (kāliya)
m. N. of a Na1ga (inhabiting the Yamuna1, slain by Kr2ishn2a, also written %{kAlIya} VP.) MBh. Hariv. &c. &c. see ib.
कावेर (kāvera) (kāvera)
n. saffron

(%{I}) f. turmeric

a courtezan, harlot

N. of a river in the Dekhan (accord. to a legend [Hariv. 1421 f., 1761 f.] daughter of Yuvana7s3va and wife of Jahnu, changed by her father's curse from one half of the Gan3ga1 into the river Ka1veri1, therefore also called Ardha-gan3ga1 or -ja1hnavi1) MBh. Hariv. R. &c.
काव्य (kāvya) (kāvya)
mfn. (fr. %{kavi4}), endowed with the qualities of a sage or poet, descended or coming from a sage, prophetic, inspired, poetical RV. i, 117, 12

viii, 8, 11 VS. AV.

[%{kA4vya} mfn. id. RV. v, 39, 5

x, 144, 2 VS.]

mf(%{A})n. coming from or uttered by the sage Us3anas Para1s3. MBh. ii, 2097

(%{a4s}) m. (gan2i %{kuru-Adi}) a patr. of Us3anas RV. TS. &c.

of the planet S3ukra VarBr2S. Sarvad.

(%{As}) m. pl. poems MBh. ii, 453

a class of Manes S3a1n3khS3r. La1t2y. Mn. iii, 199

the descendants of Kavi VP.

(%{A}) f. intelligence

N. of a female fiend (= %{pUtanA})

(%{kA4vyam}) n. wisdom, intelligence, prophetic inspiration, high power and art (often in pl.)S3Br. xi

a poem, poetical composition with a coherent plot by a single author (opposed to an Itiha1sa) R. Sa1h. &c.

term for the first tetrastich in the metre Shat2-pada

a kind of drama of one act Sa1h. 546

a kind of poem (composed in Sanskr2it interspersed with Pra1kr2it) Sa1h. 563

happiness, welfare L.
काश (kāśa) (kāśa)
1 m. `" the becoming visible, appearance "', only in %{sa-k-} q.v.

N. of a man g. %{azvA7di}

of a prince (the son of Suhotra and father of Ka1si-ra1ja) Hariv. VP.

a species of grass (Saccharum spontaneum, used for mats, roofs, &c.

also personified, together with the Kus3a grass, as one of Yama's attendants) Kaus3. R. Kum. &c.

(%{A}, %{I}) f. id.(%{am}) n. id. L.2 wrongly spelt for %{kAsa} q.v.
काशि (kāśi) (kāśi)
m. `" shining "', the sun

the clenched hand, fist, handful RV. iii, 30, 5

vii, 104, 8

viii, 78, 10 Kaus3.

N. of a prince (the ancestor of the kings of Ka1s3i, of the family of Bharata, son of Suhotra and grandfather of Dhanvantari Hariv. 1734

the son of Ka1s3ya and grandson of Suhotra BhP.ix, 17, 4)

(%{a4yas}) m. pl. the descendants of this prince BhP. ix, 17, 10

N. of the people of Ka1s3i S3Br. xiii MBh. &c.

(%{is}) f. `" the splendid "'N. of a celebrated city and place of pilgrimage (the modern Benares, usually written Ka1s3i1 q.v.) Un2. iv, 119

fine cotton or silk (from Ka1s3i) DivyA7v. %{kAzika} see col 2.
काशिक (kāśika) (kāśika)
mf(%{A}, %{I} Pa1n2. 4-2, 116)n. coming from Ka1s3i Pat.: Lalit.

silken DivyA7v.

m. N. of a prince (see %{kAzaka})

(%{A}) f. (scil. %{purI}) `" the city of the Ka1s3is "', Benares

(with or without %{vRtti}) `" the Comm. composed or used in Ka1s3i "'N. of a Comm. on Pa1n2. by Va1mana and Jaya7ditya. [280,3]
काश्मीर (kāśmīra) (kāśmīra)
mf(%{I})n. (gan2as %{kacchA7di} and %{sindhv-Adi}) born in or coming from Kas3mi1ra MBh. iv, 254

m. a king of Kas3mi1ra Mudr. Katha1s.

the country Kas3mi1ra MBh. &c.

(%{As}) m. pl. the inhabitants of Kas3mi1ra ib.

the country Kas3mi1ra ib.

(%{A}) f. a sort of grape

(%{I}) f. = %{kAzmarI} Bhpr.

the tree Ficus elastica

(%{am}) n. the tuberous root of the plant Costus speciosus

saffron Bhartr2. Gi1t.

= %{TaGka} L.
काश्यप (kāśyapa) (kāśyapa)
mf(%{I})n. belonging to Kas3yapa, relating to or connected with him (e.g. %{kAzyapI@devI}, the earth Hariv. 10645

see %{kAzyapI} below) MBh. &c.

(g. %{bidA7di}) a patr. fr. Kas3yapa (designating an old grammarian [VPra1t. Pa1n2. 8-4, 67] and many other persons, including some, whose family-name was unknown [Comm. on Ka1tyS3r.]

many subdivisions of Ka1s3yapa families are known e.g. %{urubilvA-k-}, %{gayA-k-}, %{dazabala-k-}, %{nadI-k-}, %{mahA-k-} %{hasti-k-})

N. of Arun2a (the sun) VP. iii, 12, 41

of Vishn2u

a sort of deer

a fish

(%{I}) f. a female descendant of Kas3yapa VarBr2S.

the earth (according to a legend of the Pura1n2as, Paras3u-ra1ma, after the destruction of the Kshatriya race and the performance of an As3vamedha sacrifice, presented the sovereignty of the earth to Kas3yapa) MBh. viii, 3164 Hcar.

(%{am}) n. N. of different Sa1mans A1rshBr.
काष्ठ (kāṣṭha) (kāṣṭha)
m. N. of one of Kubera's attendants MBh. ii, 415

(%{a4m}) n. a piece of wood or timber, stick S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. &c.

wood or timber in general

an instrument for measuring lengths

a kind of measure SaddhP.

[%{kASTha-}, in comp., or %{kASTham} ind. with a verb expresses excellence or superiority Pa1n2. 8-1, 67 and 68.]
किंशुक (kiṃśuka) (kiṃśuka)
&c., m. the tree Butea frondosa (bearing beautiful blossoms, hence often alluded to by poets) MBh. &c.

(%{am}) n. the blossom of this tree R. Sus3r. (cf. %{palAza4} and %{sukiMzuka4})

%{-kA7di}, a Gan2a of Bhoja (Gan2ar. 107)

%{-ko7daka} n. a decoction made from the blossoms of the tree Butea frondosa Sus3r.
किङ्किणी (kiṅkiṇī) (kiṅkiṇī)
(f. of %{kiGkiNa} q.v.)
किटि (kiṭi) (kiṭi)
m. (cf. %{kira}, %{kiri}) a hog Kaus3. 25

Batatas edulis Npr.
कितव (kitava) (kitava)
m. (g. %{zauNDA7di} [also %{vyAghrA7di}, but not in Ka1s3. and Gan2ar.]) a gamester, gambler RV. VS. AV. &c.

a cheat, fraudulent man BhP. viii, 20, 3 Megh. Amar.

(also ifc. e.g. %{yAjJika-k-} Pa1n2. 2-1, 53 Ka1s3.)

(= %{matta}) a crazy person

thorn-apple (cf. %{dhUrta} and %{unmatta})

a kind of perfume (commonly Rocana) Bhpr.

N. of a man g. %{tikA7di}, %{utkarA7di}, %{azvA7di}

(%{As}) m. N. of a people MBh. ii, 1832

(%{I}) f. a female gambler A1s3vGr2.
कियत् (kiyat) (kiyat)
mfn. (fr. 1. %{ki} Pa1n2. 5-2, 40

vi, 3, 90), how great? how large? how far? how much? of what extent? of what qualities?&c. (Ved. loc. %{ki4yAti} with following %{A4}, how long ago? since what time? RV. i, 113, 10

ii, 30, 1

%{kiyaty@adhvani}, at what distance? how far off? MBh. xiv, 766

%{kiyad@etad}, of what importance is this to (gen.) Katha1s. iii, 49

%{tena@kiyAn@arthah}, what profit arises from that? BhP.

%{kiyac@ciram} ind. how long? Katha1s.

%{kiyac@cireNa}, in how long a time? how soon? S3ak.

%{kiyad@dUre}, how far? Pan5cat. lii, 4

%{kiyad@rodimi}, what is the use of my weeping? Ka1d.

%{kiyad@asubhis}, what is the use of living? BhP. i, 13, 22)

little, small, unimportant, of small value (often in comp., e.g. %{kiyad-vakra}, a little bent Comm. on Ya1jn5.

%{kiyad@api}, how large or how far soever Pan5cat.

%{yA4vat@ki4yac@ca}, how large or how much soever, of what qualities soever AV. viii, 7, 13 S3Br.)

(%{ki4yat}) ind. how far? how much? how?S3Br.

a little Pan5cat. Hit.
कियन्मात्र (kiyanmātra) (kiyanmātra)
mfn. of little importance Pan5cat.

(%{am}) n. trifle, small matter Katha1s. lxv, 139.
किरण (kiraṇa) (kiraṇa)
m. dust, very minute dust RV.

a rein (a meaning drawn probably fr. RV. iv, 38, 6) Naigh. i, 5

a ray or beam of light, a sun- or moonbeam MBh. Sus3r. &c.

(perhaps) thread RV. x, 106, 4 AV. xx, 133, 1 and 2

N. of a kind of Ketu (of which twenty-five are named) VarBr2S.

the sun

N. of a S3aiva work Sarvad.

(%{A}) f. N. of a river SkandaP.
किरात (kirāta) (kirāta)
%{As} m. pl. N. of a degraded mountain-tribe (inhabiting woods and mountains and living by hunting, having become S3u1dras by their neglect of all prescribed religious rites

also regarded as Mlecchas

the Kirrhadae of Arrian) VS. xxx, 16 Ta1n2d2yaBr. Mn. x, 44 MBh. &c.

m. a man of the Kira1ta tribe

a prince of the Kira1tas VarBr2S. xi, 60

a dwarf.(cf. %{kubja-k-})

a groom, horseman

the plant Agathotes Chirayta (also called %{kirAta-tikta})

N. of S3iva (as a mountaineer opposed to Arjuna, described in Bha1ravi's poem Kira1ta7rjuni1ya)

(%{I}) f. a woman of the Kira1ta tribe

a low-caste woman who carries a fly-flap or anything to keep off flies Ragh. xvi, 57

a bawd, procuress

N. of the goddess Durga1 Hariv. 10248

of the river Gan3ga1

of the celestial Gan3ga1 as river of Svarga L.
किरातार्जुनीय (kirātārjunīya) (kirātārjunīya)
n. N. of a poem by Bha1ravi (describing the combat of Arjuna with the god S3iva in the form of a wild mountaineer or Kira1ta

this combat and its result is described in the MBh. iii, 1538-1664).
किरीट (kirīṭa) (kirīṭa)
mfn. see %{ati-kir-}

(%{am}) n. [%{as} m. g. %{ardharcA7di}], a diadem, crest, any ornament used as a crown, tiara MBh. R. &c.

N. of a metre of four lines (each containing twenty-four syllables)

m. (= %{kirATa}) a merchant BhP. xii, 3, 35

(%{I}) f. Andropogon aciculatus L.
किरीटिन् (kirīṭin) (kirīṭin)
mfn. decorated with a diadem MBh. &c.

(%{I}) m. N. of Indra MBh. i, 1525

xiii, 765

of Arjuna MBh. Bhag. Pan5cat.

of Nara [according to the Comm.] MBh. i

of an attendant of Skanda MBh. ix, 2573

of an attendant of S3iva Comm. on Kum. vii, 95.
किल्बिषिन् (kilbiṣin) (kilbiṣin)
mfn. one who commits an offence, wicked, culpable, sinful Mn. MBh. &c. (often ifc. e.g. %{artha-k-} q.v., %{rAja-k-}, who as a king commits an offence MBh. i, 1703).
किशोर (kiśora) (kiśora)
m. a colt AV. xii, 4, 7 Hariv. R.

a youth, lad BhP.

the sun

Benjamin or Styrax Benzoin (= %{taila-parNy-oSadhi})

N. of a Da1nava Hariv.

(%{I}) f. (Pa1n2. 6-1, 107 Pat.) a female colt R.

a maiden BhP.
किष्किन्ध (kiṣkindha) (kiṣkindha)
m. N. of a mountain (in the south of India, in Od2ra, containing a cave, the residence of the monkey-prince Va1lin who was slain by Ra1ma

the territory which is said to be in the northern part of Mysore, near the sources of the Pampa1 river, was transferred after the conquest by Ra1ma to Su-gri1va, brother of Va1lin and rightful king) VarBr2S.

(%{As}) m. pl., `" N. of a people "' see %{-gandika}

(%{A}) f. (gan2as %{pAraskarA7di} and %{sindhv-Adi})N. of the cave contained in the mountain Kishkindha (the city of Va1lin and Sugri1va) MBh. R. [284,3]

N. of the mountain Kishkindha.
किसलय (kisalaya) (kisalaya)
1 n. [%{as} m. L.] a sprout or shoot, the extremity of a branch bearing new leaves Gaut. R. S3ak. &c.2 Nom. P. %{-yati}, to cause to shoot or spring forth Prasannar.
कीचक (kīcaka) (kīcaka)
m. (%{cIk}. Un2. v, 36) a hollow bamboo (whistling or rattling in the wind, Arundo Karka) MBh. R. &c.

N. of a chief of the army of king Vira1t2a (conquered by Bhi1ma-sena) MBh. i, 328

iv, 376 ff. Pan5cat.

N. of a Daitya

of a Ra1kshasa

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people (a tribe of the Kekayas) MBh.
कीट (kīṭa) (kīṭa)
m. (ifc. f. %{A} Hcat.) a worm, insect S3Br. xiv A1s3vS3r. &c.

the scorpion in the zodiac VarBr2S.

(ifc.) an expression of contempt (cf. %{zUra-k-}) Mcar.

(%{I}) f. a worm, insect

(%{am}) n. id.

(= %{kiTTa}) feces L.
कीदृश (kīdṛśa) (kīdṛśa)
mf(%{I} Gr.)n. (Pa1n2. 6-3, 90) of what kind? what like? MBh. Pan5cat. &c.

of what use? i.e. useless Bhartr2.
कीनाश (kīnāśa) (kīnāśa)
m. (%{kliz} Un2. v, 56) a cultivator of the soil RV. iv, 57, 8 VS. xxx, 11 AV. &c.

niggard MBh.

Das. BhP. Katha1s.

N. of Yama Naish. vi, 75 Ba1lar.

(= %{kIza}) a kind of monkey

a kind of Ra1kshasa

(mfn.), killing animals (or `" killing secretly "')
कीर्ण (kīrṇa) (kīrṇa)
1 mfn. (1. %{kRR}) scattered, thrown, cast R. &c.

filled with, full of (instr.) ib.

covered, hidden S3ak. Pan5cat. &c.

stopped up (as the ears) Ra1jat. iv, 34

given (= %{datta}) L.2 mfn. (2. %{kRR}) injured, hurt
कीर्तन (kīrtana) (kīrtana)
n. mentioning, repeating, saying, telling MBh. Pan5cat. &c.

(%{A}) f. id. Sus3r.

fame
कीर्ति (kīrti) (kīrti)
f. (Pa1n2. 3-3, 97

fr. 2. %{kR}) mention, making mention of, speech, report RV. x, 54, 1 AV. S3Br. &c.

good report, fame, renown, glory AV. S3Br. TUp. Mn. &c. [285,2]

Fame (personified as daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma) MBh. Hariv. VP.

(in music) a particular measure or time

extension, expansion

lustre

= %{prasAda} (favour) or %{prAsAda} (a palace)

(fr. 1. %{kRR}), dirt

N. of one of the Ma1tr2ika1s (or personified divine energies of Kr2ishn2a)

(%{is}) m. N. of a son of Dharma-netra VP.
कीर्तित (kīrtita) (kīrtita)
mfn. said, mentioned, asserted

celebrated known, notorious.
कील (kīla) (kīla)
m. (ifc. f. %{A}), a sharp piece of wood, stake, pin, peg, bolt, wedge, &c. MBh. &c.

a post, post in a cow-house to which cows are fastened, pillar

a gnomon

handle, brace Sus3r.

the elbow VP.

a kind of tumour (having the form of a stake) Sus3r.

a position of the foetus impeding delivery Sus3r.

N. of the inner syllables of a Mantra Ra1matUp.

N. of Vi7ta-ra1ga Mahe7s3a (= %{kIle7zvara})

= %{bandha} Comm. on VS. ii, 34

a weapon

flame, lambent flame

a minute particle

a blow with the elbow (= %{kilA})

(%{A}) f. a stake, pin

the elbow

a weapon

flame

a minute particle

a blow with the elbow (or `" a blow in copulation "') Va1tsya1y.

(%{am}) n. (= %{kIna}), flesh Gal.
कीलक (kīlaka) (kīlaka)
m. a pin, bolt, wedge Pan5cat. Hit.

a splint (for confining a broken bone) Sus3r.

a kind of tumour (having the form of a pin)

(= %{zivaka}) a kind of pillar for cows &c. to rub themselves against, or one to which they are tied

N. of the forty-second year of the sixty years "' cycle of Jupiter VarBr2S.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of certain Ketus ib.

(%{ikA}) f. a pin, bolt Pan5cat. Hcat.

(%{am}) n. N. of the inner syllables of a Mantra.
कुक्कुट (kukkuṭa) (kukkuṭa)
m. (ifc. f. %{A} Pa1n2. 4-1, 14 Ka1s3.) a cock VS. i, 16 Mn. MBh. &c.

a wild cock (Phasianus gallus)

(= %{kukuTa}) the plant Marsilea quadrifolia

a whisp of lighted straw or grass

a firebrand, spark of fire

the offspring of a Nisha1da by a Su1dra woman (cf. %{kukkura})

(%{I})

(Pa1n2. 4-4, 46) a hen VarBr2S. lxiii, 3

a small houselizard

the plant Dolichos pruriens Sus3r.

(= %{kukUTI}) the plant Salmalia malabarica (or the silk-cotton tree Bombax heptaphyllum) Sus3r.

hypocrisy (cf. %{kaukkuTika})

(%{am}) n. = %{kukkuTA7sana} Tantras.
कुक्कुटक (kukkuṭaka) (kukkuṭaka)
m. a wild cock (Phasianus gallus)

the offspring of a Nisha1da by a S3u1dra woman Mn. x, 18

(%{ikA}) f. N. of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2633.
कुक्कुर (kukkura) (kukkura)
m. (Un2. i, 41

fr. %{kurkura4}), a dog Mr2icch. PSarv. Hit.

a despicable man of a mixed caste (= %{kukkuTa}) Ka1ran2d2.

N. of a Muni MBh. ii, 113

of a prince (son of Andhaka) VP.

of an author, Tantr.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people MBh. ii, 1872

vi, 368 VP. VarBr2S.

(%{I}) f. a bitch VarBr2S.

(%{am}) n. a vegetable perfume L.
कुक्षि (kukṣi) (kukṣi)
m. [f. L.] the belly, cavity of the abdomen (in the earlier language generally used in du. RV. VS. AV.)

the interior of anything W.

the womb R. Ragh. x, 60 &c.

a cavity in general (e.g. %{adri-kukSi}, cavity of a mountain Ragh. ii, 38) MBh. iii, 10694 &c.

a valley Katha1s. lxv, 214

(with %{sAgara} or %{samudra}) an ocean-cavity i.e. a bay, gulf MBh. Pan5cat.

the sheath of a sword

steel

N. of a son of Priya-vrata and Ka1mya1 Hariv. 59

of Bali Hariv. 191

of a king MBh. i, 2692

of a son of Ikshva1ku and father of Vikukshi R.

of a teacher BhP.

of a region g. %{dhUmA7di}, (%{is}) f. N. of a daughter of Priyavrata and Ka1mya1 VP.

[cf. Lat. {coxa}, {coxendix}

Gk. $? Old Germ. {bu7h}

Mod. Germ. &89223[287,2] {Bauch}.]
कुङ्कुम (kuṅkuma) (kuṅkuma)
n. saffron (Crocus sativus, the plant and the pollen of the flowers) Sus3r. Ragh. Bhartr2. &c.
कुच (kuca) (kuca)
m. (generally du. %{au}

ifc. f. %{A}), the female breast, teat Sus3r. S3ak. &c.
कुचुमार (kucumāra) (kucumāra)
m. N. of the author of the Aupanishada7dhikaran2a.
कुचेल (kucela) (kucela)
n. a bad garment Mn. vi, 44

rag Car.

(mfn.), badly clothed, dressed in dirty or tattered garments MBh. v, 1132

(%{A}) f. N. of a plant (= %{avi-karNI} or %{viddha-parNI}).

(%{I}) f. the plant Clypea hernandifolia (or accord. to Haughton `" Cissampelos hexandra "')&c. see 1. %{ku}.
कुज (kuja) (kuja)
m. `" born from the earth "', a tree

`" the son of the earth "'N. of the planet Mars VarBr2S.

of the Daitya Naraka (conquered by Kr2ishn2a) BhP.

(%{A}) f. `" earth-daughter "', Durga1

of Si1ta1 W.

(%{am}) n. the horizon (= %{kSiti-ja})

%{-dina} n. `" the day of Mars "' i.e. Tuesday VarBr2S.

%{-pa} m. `" whose protector is Mars "'N. of the ancestor of Kaujapa. -2. see 2. %{ku}.
कुञ्चन (kuñcana) (kuñcana)
n. curving, bending, contracting

contraction (of a vein) Sus3r.

a particular disease of the eyes (contracting the eyelids).
कुञ्चिका (kuñcikā) (kuñcikā)
f. a key Bhartr2. Prasannar.

N. of a fish (= %{kucika} q.v.)

a plant bearing a red and black seed used as a weight (Abrus precatorius)

fennel-flower seed (Nigella indica) Car.

a reed (Trigonella foenum graecum)the branch or shoot of a bamboo[288,1]

a bawd Gal.

`" key "'N. of a commentary on the Man5ju1sha1 (cf. %{keli-k-}.)
कुञ्चित (kuñcita) (kuñcita)
mfn. crooked

curved, bent, contracted R. &c.

curled MBh. Sus3r. BhP.

(%{A}) f. (scil. %{sirA}) an unskilful way of opening a vein Sus3r.

(%{am}) n. the plant Tabernaemontana coronaria L.
कुञ्ज (kuñja) (kuñja)
m. [%{am} n. L.] a place overrun with plants or overgrown with creepers, bower, arbour MBh. &c.

(with %{sarasvatyAs}) `" the bower of Sarasvati1 "'N. of a Ti1rtha MBh. iii, 6078 ff.

the lower jaw

an elephant's tusk or jaw Pa1n2. 5-2, 107 Va1rtt.

a tooth

N. of a man Pa1n2. 4-1, 98.
कुञ्जर (kuñjara) (kuñjara)
m. (ifc. f. %{A} MBh. R.) an elephant Mn. iii, 274 MBh. &c.

anything pre-eminent in its kind (generally in comp. e.g. %{rAja-k-}, `" an eminent king "' MBh. Katha1s.

cf. Pa1n2. 2-1, 62 and g. %{vyAghrA7di})

the number `" eight "' (there being eight elephants of the cardinal points) Su1ryas.

a kind of temple VarBr2S.

a kind of step (in dancing to music)

the tree Ficus religiosa

N. of a Na1ga MBh. i, 1560

of a prince (of the Sauvi1raka race) MBh. iii, 15597

of a mountain Hariv. R.

of a locality

(%{A}) f. a female elephant

the plant Bignonia suaveolens

the plant Grislea tomentosa

(%{I}) f. a female elephant L.
कुट (kuṭa) (kuṭa)
%{as} or %{am} m. n. a house, family (cf. %{kuTi}) RV. i, 46, 4 [?= %{kRta} Nir. v, 24]

a water-pot, pitcher

m. a fort, stronghold

a hammer, mallet for breaking small stones, ax

a tree

a mountain

N. of a man g. %{azvA7di} and %{kurv-Adi} [also RV. i, 46, 4, accord. to Gmn.]

(%{I}) f. g. %{gaurA7di} (Gan2ar. 47).
कुटिल (kuṭila) (kuṭila)
mf(%{A})n. bent, crooked, curved, round, running in curved lines, crisped, curled Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c.

dishonest, fraudulent Pan5cat. Vet. &c.

m. a he-goat with particular marks VarBr2S.

(%{A}) f. (scil. %{gati}) a particular period in the retrograde course of a planet Su1ryas.

N. of a magic power

of a river (v.l. for %{kuTikA}) R.

of the river Sarasvati1

(%{A}, %{am}) fn.N. of a metre (containing four lines of fourteen syllables each)

(%{am}) n. N. of a plant (= %{tagara}, %{kuJcita}, %{vakra})

a kind of perfume

tin W. see col. 2.
कुटुम्ब (kuṭumba) (kuṭumba)
n. a household, members of a household, family ChUp. A1p. Mn. &c.

the care of a family, house-keeping (hence metaphorically care or anxiety about anything

ifc. BhP. i, 9, 39)

N. of the second astrological mansion (= %{artha}) VarBr2.

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. name

race

a relation (by descent, or by marriage from the mother's side)

offspring, progeny L.
कुटुम्बक (kuṭumbaka) (kuṭumbaka)
n. a household, family Das3. Hit. &c.

the duties and cares of a householder

m. N. of a grass (= %{bhU-tRNa})
कुट्ट (kuṭṭa) (kuṭṭa)
mfn. ifc. breaking or bruising, grinding, &c. cf. %{azma-k-}, %{zilA-k-}

m. a multiplier such that a given dividend being multiplied by it and a given quantity added to (or subtracted from) the product, the sum (or difference) may be measured by a given divisor.
कुट्टक (kuṭṭaka) (kuṭṭaka)
mfn. ifc. cutting, breaking, bruising, grinding, &c. cf. %{azma-k-}, %{ikSu-k-}

m. a grinder, pulveriser

a multiplier (= %{kuTTa} q.v.)

a buck-goat with particular marks VarBr2S.

a kingfisher W.
कुट्टन (kuṭṭana) (kuṭṭana)
n. cutting

pounding, grinding, beating, threshing BhP. &c. (cf. %{zilA-k-})

abusing

(%{I}) f. a kind of spear Gal.

a bawd Katha1s. Hit.
कुठार (kuṭhāra) (kuṭhāra)
m. an axe R. Bhartr2. &c.

a sort of hoe or spade W.

a tree (= %{kuTha})

N. of a man g. %{zivA7di}

of a Na1ga MBh. i, 2156

(i1) f. an axe
कुड्य (kuḍya) (kuḍya)
n. a wall Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

plastering (a wall)

curiosity

(%{A}) f. (g. %{kattry-Adi}) a wall BhP. vii, 1, 27.
कुण्ठ (kuṇṭha) (kuṇṭha)
mfn. (g. %{kaDArA7di}) blunt, dull MBh. i, 1178 R. &c.

stupid, indolent, lazy, foolish.
कुण्ठित (kuṇṭhita) (kuṇṭhita)
mfn. blunted, dulled, (%{a-k-} neg.) Ragh. xi, 74

blunt Katha1s. lxviii, 3

weak, of no vigour Ra1jat. v, 138

stupid

grasped, held, encircled W. (cf. %{vi-}.)
कुण्ड (kuṇḍa) (kuṇḍa)
n. [%{as} m. L.], a bowlshaped vessel, basin, bowl, pitcher, pot, water-pot Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c.

a vessel for coals R. v, 10, 16 &c.

a round hole in the ground (for receiving and preserving water or fire cf. %{agni-kuNDa}), pit, well, spring or basin of water (especially consecrated to some holy purpose or person) MBh. R. &c.

m. an adulterine, son of a woman by another man than her husband while the husband is alive Mn. iii, 174

(see. %{gola} and %{-golaka} below)

N. of S3iva MBh. xii, 10358

of a Na1ga MBh. i, 4828

of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. i, 4550

(%{A}) f. ( %{kuND}) mutilation Pa1n2. 3-3, 103 Ka1s3.

N. of Durga1

(%{I}) f. (Pa1n2. 4-1, 42) a bowl, pitcher, pot Hcat. Prasannar.

(%{ami}) n. ifc. a clump (e.g. %{darbha-k-}, a clump of Darbha grass) Pa1n2. 6-2, 136

a particular measure

N. of certain mystical figures

a particular appearance of the moon (surrounded by a circle) VarBr2S. iv, 15.
कुण्डक (kuṇḍaka) (kuṇḍaka)
m. or n. a pot Katha1s. iv, 47

m. N. of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. i, 6983

N. of Kshudraka VP.

(%{ikA}) f. (ifc. Pa1n2. 8-3, 45 Ka1s3.) a pot, student's water-pot Up. Pat. on Pa1n2. 1-3, 6 Hariv. 14836 &c.

N. of an Up.
कुण्डल (kuṇḍala) (kuṇḍala)
n. (ifc. f. %{A}

g. %{sidhmA7di} and %{ardharcA7di}) a ring, ear-ring A1s3vGr2. La1t2y. Mn. &c.

a bracelet S3is3. vi, 27

a fetter, tie

the coil of a rope

a particular disease of the bladder Car.

m. (in music) a kind of measure

N. of a Na1ga MBh. i, 2154

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people (v.l. %{kuNThaka}) MBh. vi

(%{A}) f. N. of a woman Ma1rkP.

(%{I}) f. a kind of drum (perhaps %{kuNDalI} nom. sg. fr. %{-lin}, m.)

a particular, dish (curds boiled with ghee and rice)

N. of a S3akti

mountain ebony (Bauhinia variegata)

Cocculus cordifolius Bhpr.

Mucuna pruritus (= %{kapi-kacchu})

N. of two other plants (Sarpin2i1-vr2iksha and Kun2d2ali1-ca1lana)

N. of a river MBh. vi, 9, 21.
कुण्डलिन् (kuṇḍalin) (kuṇḍalin)
mfn. decorated with ear-rings MBh. R. &c.

circular, annulate, Harriv. 4664

(%{I}) m. a snake Ra1jat. i, 2

the spotted or painted deer

a peacock

the tree Bauhinia variegata Bhpr.

N. of S3iva

of Varun2a

(%{inI}) f. the plant Coccus cordifolius

a particular dish (curds boiled with ghee and rice) Bhpr.

a S3akti or form of Durga1.
कुतप (kutapa) (kutapa)
mfn. slightly hot W.

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. (g. %{ardharcA7di}) a sort of blanket (made of the hair of the mountain goat) Gaut. Mn. Ya1jn5. VarBr2S.

m. the Kus3a grass (Poa cynosuroides) Hcat.

the eighth Muhu1rta or portion of the day from the last Dan2d2a of the second watch to the first of the third or about noon (an eligible time for the performance of sacrifices to the Manes) MBh. xiii, 6040 MatsyaP.

grain

a daughter's son

a sister's son

a twice-born man (one of the first three classes)

a Bra1hman

a guest

the sun

fire

an ox

a kind of musical instrument

%{-saptaka} n. a S3ra1ddha in which seven constituents occur (viz. noon, a horn platter, a Nepa1l blanket, silver, sacrificial grass, Sesamum, and kine) W.

%{-sauzruta} m. N. of a man g. %{pArthivA7di}. &c. see ib.
कुतुक (kutuka) (kutuka)
n. (g. %{yuvA7di}) curiosity Ra1jat. viii, 1613

eagerness, desire for (in comp.) Gi1t. i, 42 (cf. %{kautuka}.)
कुतूहल (kutūhala) (kutūhala)
n. (fr. %{kutas} and %{hala}, `" calling out "' ?), curiosity, interest in any extra-ordinary matter Sa1h. &c.

inclination, desire for (%{prati} loc. or in comp.) S3ak. &c.

eagerness, impetuosity

what excites curiosity, anything interesting, fun Pan5cat.

(mfn.) surprising, wonderful W.

excellent, celebrated W. (cf. %{kautUhala}.)
कुत्स (kutsa) (kutsa)
m. N. of a R2ishi (called A1rjuneya, author of several hymns of the RV.

when attacked by the demon S3ushn2a, Indra defended him and killed the demon

but in other hymns [RV. i, 53, 10

ii, 14, 7

iv, 26, 1

viii, 53, 2] Kutsa is represented as persecuted by Indra)iv, 29, 5 Ta1n2d2yaBr.

N. of a descendant of An3giras (author of the hymns RV. i, 94-98

100-115

ix, 97, 45 seqq.) A1s3vS3r.

lightning, thunderbolt Naigh. Nir.

(%{As}) m. pl. (Pa1n2. 2-4, 65) the descendants or the family of Kutsa RV. vii, 25, 5 La1t2y.

(%{am}) n. the plant Costus speciosus or arabicus(cf. %{kau4tsa}, %{puru-ku4tsa}, &c.)
कुत्सन (kutsana) (kutsana)
n. abuse, reviling, reproach Pa1n2. Mn. iv, 163

reproachful or abusive expression Pa1n2. 2-1, 53

(%{A}) f. an expression of contempt Nir. ii, 3.
कुत्सा (kutsā) (kutsā)
f. reproach, contempt Pa1n2. MBh.

(%{ayA}) instr. ind. contemptuously Katha1s. lxi, 298.
कुत्सित (kutsita) (kutsita)
mfn. despised, reviled, contemptible, vile Nir. Pa1n2. MBh. &c.

(%{am}) n. the grass Cyperus
कुदृष्टि (kudṛṣṭi) (kudṛṣṭi)
mfn. having bad eyes

(%{is}) f. weak sight

a heterodox philosophical doctrine (as that of the Sa1m2khyas, &c.) Mn. xii, 95 Ka1d.
कुधी (kudhī) (kudhī)
mfn. foolish

(%{Is}) m. a fool Pan5cat. BhP. see 1. %{ku}.
कुन्त (kunta) (kunta)
m. a spear, lance [cf. Lat. {contus}

Gk. &90327[291,1] $] R. &c.

a small animal, insect

a species of grain (Coix barbata)

passion

the god of love Gal.
कुन्ति (kunti) (kunti)
%{ayas} m. pl.N. of a people Ka1t2h. Pa1n2. 4-1, 176 MBh. &c.

(%{is}) m. a prince of that people (also called Kunti-bhoja) Hariv. &c.

N. of a son of Dharma-netra VP.

of a son of Netra and grandson of Dharma BhP. ix, 23, 21 ff.

of a son of Kratha BhP. ix, 24, 3 VP.

of a son of Vidarbha and father of Dhr2isht2a Hariv.

of a son of Supa1rs3va and grandson of Sampati and great-grandson of Garud2a Ma1rkP.

of a son of Kr2ishn2a BhP. x, 61, 13.
कुन्ती (kuntī) (kuntī)
f. N. of Pr2itha1 (daughter of a Ya1dava prince named S3u1ra [or Vasu Hariv. 5255], who gave her to his childless cousin Kunti or Kuntibhoja, by whom she was adopted

she afterwards became one of the wives of Pa1n2d2u

on one occasion before her marriage she paid such respect to the powerful sage Durva1sas that he taught her an incantation or charm, by virtue of which she was to have a child by any god she liked to invoke

out of curiosity she invoked the Sun, by whom she had a child cf. %{karNa}

but the Sun afterwards restored to her her maidenhood: soon after his marriage Pa1n2d2u retired to the woods to indulge his passion for hunting

there he killed a male and female deer, who turned out to be a R2ishi and his wife in the form of these animals

the sage cursed Pa1n2d2u and predicted that he would die in the embrace of one of his wives [291,2]

hence Pa1n2d2u lived apart from Kunti1, but with his approval she made use of her charm and had three sons, Yudhisht2hira, Bhi1ma, and Arjuna, by the three deities Dharma, Va1yu, and Indra respectively

cf. %{mAdrI}) Pa1n2. MBh. &c.

N. of a Ra1kshasi1 Buddh.

of a river VP.

the wife of a Bra1hman

the plant Boswellia thurifera

a fragrant resin (= %{guggulu}) L.
कुन्द (kunda) (kunda)
m. (Un2. iv, 101) a kind of jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum or pubescens) MBh. &c.

fragrant oleander (Nerium odorum, %{karavIra})

Olibanum (the resin of the plant Boswellia thurifera)

a turner's lathe

one of Kubera's nine treasures (N. of a %{guhyaka} Gal.)

the number `" nine "' W.

N. of Vishn2u MBh. xiii. 7036

of a mountain BhP. v, 20, 10

(%{am}) n. the jasmine flower.
कुपित (kupita) (kupita)
mfn. provoked, incensed, offended, angry.
कुपुरुष (kupuruṣa) (kupuruṣa)
m. a low or miserable man Pa1n2. 6-3, 106 MBh. &c.

a poltroon MBh. v, 5493 (cf. %{kA-pur-})

%{-janitA} f. N. of a metre (consisting of four lines of eleven syllables each).
कुबेर (kubera) (kubera)
or in later Sanskr2it %{kuvera} m. (originally) N. of a chief of the evil beings or spirits or darkness having the N. Vais3ravan2a AV. viii, 10, 28 S3Br. &c.

(afterwards) the god of riches and treasure (regent of the northern quarter which is hence called %{kubera-guptA@diz} Kum. iii, 25) Mn. MBh. &c.

(he is regarded as the son of Vis3ravas by Id2avid2a1 [BhP.], the chief of the Yakshas, and a friend of Rudra [Hariv. 13131]

he is represented as having three legs and only eight teeth

with Jainas he is the attendant of the nineteenth Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1)

N. of a prince of Devara1sht2ra

of the great-grandfather of Ba1n2a-bhat2t2a (author of the Ka1dambari1)

of the author of the Datta-candrika1

the tree Cedrela Toona

(mfn.), deformed, monstrous

slow, lazy L.
कुब्ज (kubja) (kubja)
mf(%{A})n. hump-backed, crooked VS. xxx, 10 Shad2vBr. MBh. &c.

m. N. of a person born under certain constellations and being an attendant of the model man Han6sa VarBr2S.

a curved sword

a sort of fish (Bola Cuja) W.

the plant Achyranthes aspera (= %{apA7mArga4})

(%{A}) f. a kind of musical instrument

[cf. %{nyubja} and %{kanya-kubja}

cf. also Lith. {kupra}, {kupotas}

Gk. $, $

&90586[291,3] Lat. {gibbus}, {gibba}, {gibber}.]
कुमार (kumāra) (kumāra)
m. (fr. 1. %{ku} + %{mAra}, %{mR2} ? `" easily dying "'

fr. 2. %{kam} Un2. iii, 138) a child, boy, youth

son&c.

a prince, heir-apparent associated in the kingdom with the reigning monarch (especially in theatrical language) Ragh. Ma1lav. &c.

a groom

N. of Skanda (or Ka1rittikeya q.v.

represented as a beautiful youth

also as the author of certain grammatical Su1tras cf. %{kalA7pa}

also as causing certain diseases Sus3r.) MBh. Hariv. &c.

N. of a son of Agni (who is the author of some Vedic hymns) RAnukr.

one of the nine names of Agni S3Br. vi

N. of a Praja1pati Va1yuP.

of Man5ju-s3ri1 Buddh.

of a river VP.

of the Sindhu river

of the author of a Dharmas3a1stra

of the attendant of the twelfth Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1 Jain.

a parrot

the tree Capparis trifoliata (cf. %{kumAraka})

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people MBh. ii, 1075 and 1870 (cf. %{kumAlaka})

(%{I4}) f. a young girl, one from ten to twelve years old, maiden, daughter AV. AitBr. &c.

or (in the Tantras) any virgin up to the age of sixteen or before menstruation has commenced

N. of certain flags (set up along with Indra's banner) VarBr2S.

N. of the wife of Bhi1ma-sena (son of Pari1kshit) MBh. i, 3796

of a daughter of Vasu-deva by Rohin2i1 Hariv. 1952

of Si1ta1 (Ra1ma's wife)

of the goddess Durga1 Hariv. 9425

of Da1ksha1yan2i1 (in Ma1ya1-puri1) MatsyaP.

of a metre (a kind of S3akvari1, consisting of four lines of sixteen syllables each)

the bird commonly called S3ya1ma1

the plant Aloe perfoliata

the plant Clitoria ternatea (= %{a-parAjitA})

the plant Jasminum Sambac

the plant commonly called %{bandhyA-karkoTakI}

the blossom of the plants Tarun2i1 and Modini1

great cardamoms

the most southerly of the nine portions of the known continent or of Jambu1-dvi1pa (the southern extremity of the peninsula, whence the modern name Cape Comorin [Kuma1ri1]) W.

the central part of the universe (according to Hindu1 geography, Jambu1-dvi1pa or India)

N. of a river flowing from the mountain S3uktimat MBh. Hariv. VP.

of another river Hcat.

(when a name is given to a pupil to indicate his attachment to any particular master, %{kumArI} may be prefixed to denote that the pupil's object is to gain the affections of the master's daughter e.g. %{kumArI-dAkSa} q.v. s.v. %{kumArI})

(%{am}) n. N. of a Varsha governed by Kuma1ra (the son of Bhavya) VP.

pure gold L.
कुमारक (kumāraka) (kumāraka)
m. a little boy, boy, youth RV. viii, 30, 1

69, 15 S3Br. MBh. &c.

(also ifc. e.g. %{RSi-k-}, a young R2ishi S3ak.

%{nAga-k-}, a young Na1ga Katha1s.)

the pupil of the eye S3Br. iii

N. of a Na1ga MBh. i. 2154

the plant Capparis trifoliata

(%{ikA4}) f. a girl from ten to twelve years old, virgin AV. Ta1n2d2yaBr. MBh. &c.

a female servant VarBr2S.

an insect (Sphex asiatica)

double jasmine (Jasminum Sambac)

large cardamoms

N. of a part of Bha1rata-varsha (a division of the known continent) VP.

N. of a river Hcat.
कुमारसम्भव (kumārasambhava) (kumārasambhava)
m. the birth of Skanda or Ka1rttikeya R. i, 38, 31

N. of a poem by Ka1lida1sa.
कुमारिल (kumārila) (kumārila)
m. N. of a renowned teacher of the Mi1ma1n6sa1 philosophy.
कुमुद (kumuda) (kumuda)
see s.v.
कुम्भ (kumbha) (kumbha)
m. a jar, pitcher, waterpot, ewer, small water-jar [often ifc. (f. %{A}) e.g. %{chidra-k-}, a perforated pitcher R.

%{Ama-k-}, a jar of unbaked clay Pan5cat.

%{hema-k-}, a golden ewer Ragh. ii, 36 Amar.

%{jala-k-}, a water-pot Pan5cat.]&c.

an urn in which the bones of a dead person are collected A1s3vGr2. Ka1tyS3r. S3a1n3khS3r.

the sign of the zodiac Aquarius Jyot. VarBr2S. &c.

a measure of grain (equal to twenty Dron2as, a little more than three bushels and three gallons

commonly called a comb

some make it two Dron2as or sixty-four Seers) Mn. viii, 320 Hcat.

the frontal globe or prominence on the upper part of the forehead of an elephant (there are two of these prominences which swell in the rutting season) MBh. Bhartr2. &c.

a particular part of a bed VarBr2S.

N. of a plant (and also of its fruit) BhP. x, 18, 14

the root of a plant used in medicine

a religious exercise, viz. closing the nostrils and mouth so as to suspend breathing

the paramour of a harlot, bully, flash or fancy man

N. of a Mantra (pronounced over a weapon) R. i

N. of a Da1nava (a son of Prahla1da and brother of Nikumbha) MBh. i, 2527 Hariv.

of a Ra1kshasa (son of Kumbhakarn2a) R. BhP.

of the father of the nineteenth Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1 Jain.

of a monkey R. iv, 33, 14

one of the thirty-four Ja1takas or former births of S3a1kya-muni

N. of wk. Sa1h.

(%{A}) f. a harlot

the plant Tiaridium indicum

(fr. %{kumbh}) covering Vop.

(%{I4}) f. a small jar or pot, earthen cooking vessel VS. AV. TS. &c.

N. of a hell Ka1ran2d2.

of a plant Ba1lar.

a small tree (the seeds of which are used in medicine, commonly Kat2phala)

Bignonia suaveolens

Pistia Stratiotes

another plant (commonly Romas3a)

the plant Croton polyandrum

the plant Myrica sapida

(%{am}) n. the plant Ipomoea Turpethum

a fragrant resin (%{gu4ggulu}), or the plant which bears it

gold Gal.

[cf. Gk. &90932[293,1] $

Lat. {cymba}.]
कुम्भाण्ड (kumbhāṇḍa) (kumbhāṇḍa)
%{As} m. pl. (perhaps a Pra1kr2it form for %{kuSmANDa} q.v., but cf. %{kumbha4-muSka}) `" having testicles shaped like a Kumbha "', a class of demons (at whose head stands Rudra) Buddh.

m. N. of a minister of the Asura Ba1n2a BhP.

(%{I}) f. a pumpkin gourd (v.l. for %{kuSmANDI}) L.
कुम्भिल (kumbhila) (kumbhila)
m. a thief who breaks into a house (often in Pra1kr2it {kumbhI8laa} Mr2icch. Vikr. &c.)

a plagiarist

a wife's brother

a child begotten at undue seasons or a child of an imperfect pregnation W.

a kind of fish (the gilthead, Ophiocephalus Wrahl) &c. see %{kumbha4}.
कुम्भीर (kumbhīra) (kumbhīra)
m. a crocodile of the Ganges (the long-nosed alligator) MBh. xiii, 5457 Sus3r.

N. of a Yaksha [293,3]

of a plant Gal.
कुरङ्ग (kuraṅga) (kuraṅga)
m. (1. %{kRR} Un2. i, 120), a species of antelope, antelope or deer (in general) Sus3r. Pan5cat. &c.

(hence like %{mRga}) the spot in the moon Prasannar.

N. of a mountain MBh. xiii, 1699 BhP. v, 16, 27

(%{I}) f. a female antelope Gi1t.

N. of a daughter of Prasena-jit Katha1s.
कुरण्ट (kuraṇṭa) (kuraṇṭa)
m. yellow amaranth (%{pItA7mlAna})

the plant Marsilea quadrifolia
कुरण्टक (kuraṇṭaka) (kuraṇṭaka)
m. yellow amaranth

a yellow kind of Barleria

(%{ikA}) f. id. Sus3r.

(%{am}) n. the blossom of that plant ib.
कुरु (kuru) (kuru)
%{avas} m. pl.N. of a people of India and of their country (situated near the country of the Pan5ca1las

hence often connected with Pan5ca1la or Pan5ca1la [see %{kuru-paJc-} below]: the %{uttara-kuravaH}, or %{uttarAH@kuravaH} are the northern Kurus, the most northerly of the four Maha1-dvi1pas or principal divisions of the known world [distinguished from the %{dakSiNAH@kuravaH} or southern Kurus MBh. i, 4346], by other systems regarded as one of the nine divisions or Varshas of the same

it was probably a country beyond the most northern range of the Hima7laya, often described as a country of everlasting happiness [AitBr. MBh. &c.], and considered by some to be the ancient home of the A1ryan race)

= %{Rtvijas} (priests) Naigh.

= %{kartAras} (`" doers "', fr. 1. %{kR}) Comm. on ChUp.

(%{us}) m. N. of the ancestor of the Kurus (son of Sam2varan2a and Tapati1, daughter of the sun [MBh. i, 3738 ff. Hariv. 1799 &c.]

Kuru is the ancestor of both Pa1n2d2u and Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra, though the patronymic derived from his name is usually applied only to the sons of the latter, the sons and descendants of the former being called Pa1n2d2avas)

N. of a son of A1gni1dhra and grandson of Priya-vrata VP. BhP.

boiled rice

the plant Solanum Jacquini (= %{kaNTakArikA})

(%{Us}) f. a princess of the Kuru race Pa1n2. 4-1, 66 & 176 (cf. %{kaurava}, &c.)
कुरुविन्द (kuruvinda) (kuruvinda)
m. a kind of barley Sus3r. Comm. on S3is3. ix, 8

a fragrant grass (Cyperus rotundus)

the plant Terminalia Catappa

the bud of a flower

= %{kulmASa} (cf. %{kuru-bilvaka})

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a ruby Sus3r. Das3. S3is3. ix, 8

(%{am}) n. black salt

cinnabar
कुरूप (kurūpa) (kurūpa)
mfn. ill-shaped, deformed, ugly Pan5cat. Katha1s.

%{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. ugliness. &c. see 1. %{ku}.
कुर्वत् (kurvat) (kurvat)
mfn. (pr. p. P., 1. %{kR}) doing, acting, &c.

acting as a servant, agent, servant

present, actual AitBr. iv, 31, 3.
कुर्वाण (kurvāṇa) (kurvāṇa)
mfn. (pr. p. A1.) doing, making

acting as a servant, agent
कुल (kula) (kula)
n. (ifc. f. %{A}) a herd, troop, flock, assemblage, multitude, number, &c. (of quadrupeds, birds, insects, &c., or of inanimate objects e.g. %{go-kula}, a herd of cows R. &c.

%{mahiSIk-}, a herd of female buffaloes R2itus.

%{ali-k-}, a swarm of bees S3is3. Gi1t. &c.

%{alaka-k-}, a multitude of curls BhP.)

a race, family, community, tribe, caste, set, company (e.g. %{brAhmaNa-k-}, the caste of the Bra1hmans BhP.

%{padAtInAM@kula}, infantry Ra1jat. v, 247)

(ifc. with a gen. sg.) a lot, gang (e.g. %{caurasya-k-}, a gang of thieves) Pa1n2. 6-3, 21 Ka1s3.

the residence of a family, seat of a community, inhabited country (as much ground as can be ploughed by two ploughs each drawn by six bulls Comm. on Mn. vii, 119) [294,3]

a house, abode MBh.

a noble or eminent family or race Mn. MBh. &c.

high station (in comp. `" chief, principal "' cf. %{kula-giri}, &c.)

the body

the front, forepart W.

a blue stone

(with S3a1ktas) N. of S3akti and of the rites observed in her worship (cf. %{kaula})

= %{kula-nakSatra} q.v. Tantras.

m. the chief of a corporation or guild

= %{kula-vAra} q.v. Tantras.

N. of a man R. vii, 43, 2

(%{A}) f. `" a principal day "'N. of the 4th and 8th and 12th and 14th day in a %{pakSa}, or half-month Tantras.

(%{I}) f. a wife's elder sister

the plant Solanum Jacquini or Solanum longum L.
कुलत्थ (kulattha) (kulattha)
m. (fr. %{kula}? cf. %{azvattha}, %{kapittha}), a kind of pulse (Dolichos uniflorus) Pa1n2. 4-4, 4 MBh. &c.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people MBh. vi, 373 VP.

(%{A}) f. a kind of Dolichos (Glycine labialis)

a blue stone used in medicine and applied as a collyrium to the eyes and as an astringent to sores, &c.

a species of metre.
कुलपति (kulapati) (kulapati)
m. the head or chief of a family MBh. R. Mr2icch. &c.
कुलाल (kulāla) (kulāla)
m. (fr. %{kul} Un2. i, 117), a potter VS. xvi, 27 Pa1n2. Bhartr2. &c.

a wild cock (Phasianus gallus)

an owl

N. of a prince VP.

(%{I}) f. the wife of a potter Ra1jat. viii, 138

(= %{kulatthA}) the plant Glycine labialis

a blue stone applied as a collyrium to the eyes L.
कुलिन्द (kulinda) (kulinda)
%{As} m. pl.N. of a people MBh.

m. a prince of the Kulindas ib.
कुलिश (kuliśa) (kuliśa)
m. (fr. 1. %{ku} and %{liza} for %{riza} fr. %{riz}), an axe, hatchet RV. i, 32, 5 and iii, 2, 1 AV. MBh.

(%{am}) n. [%{as} m. Naigh. Nir. and L.] the thunderbolt of Indra MBh. Ragh. Bhartr2. &c.

(= %{vajra}) a diamond Megh. Ra1jat. vi, 273

m. a sort of fish Sus3r.

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. the plant Heliotropium indicum

(%{I4}) f. N. of a river (supposed to be in the middle region of the sky) RV. i, 104, 4.
कुलीन (kulīna) (kulīna)
mf(%{A} Pa1n2. 4-1, 139)n. belonging to the family of (in comp.) S3Br. ChUp. MBh. R.

of high or eminent descent, well-born Mn. Ya1jn5. &c.

of good breed (as horses or elephants) R. v, 12, 31

m. a horse of good breed

a Bra1hman of the highest class in Benga1l (i.e. a member of one of the eight principal families of the Va1re7ndra division or of one of the six chief families of the Ra1d2ha or Ra1r2h division as classified by Bala1l Sen, Ra1ja of Benga1l, in the twelfth century

common names of the latter families are Mukharjea, Banarjea, Chatarjea, &c.)

a worshipper of S3akti accord. to the left-hand ritual W.

(%{A}) f. a variety of the A1rya1 metre

(%{am}) n. a disease of the nails Sus3r. &c. see %{ku4la}.
कुल्या (kulyā) (kulyā)
2 f. a small river, canal, channel for irrigation, ditch, dyke or trench RV. VS. AV. &c.

(ifc. f. %{A}) Ragh. vii, 46

N. of a river MBh. xiii, 1742.
कुवलय (kuvalaya) (kuvalaya)
n. the orb BhP. v, 16, 5 and 7

%{kuvalaye7za} m. `" ruler of the earth "', a king Ra1jat. iv, 372,2 see 2. %{ku}.
कुवेर (kuvera) (kuvera)
&c. see %{kubera}.
कुश (kuśa) (kuśa)
m. grass S3Br. S3a1n3khS3r. Ka1tyS3r. A1s3vGr2.

(the Bra1hman2as commonly call it %{darbha4})

the sacred grass used at certain religious ceremonies (Poa cynosuroides, a grass with long pointed stalks) Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

a rope (made of Kus3a grass) used for connecting the yoke of a plough with the pole

N. of a son of Vasu Uparicara Hariv. 1806

of the founder of Kus3athali1 SkandaP.

of a son of Bala1ka7s3va (grandson of Bala1ka, father of Kus3a1mba or Kus3a-na1bha) R. BhP. ix, 19, 4

of a son of Suhotra (cf. %{kAza}) BhP.

of a son of Vidarbha ib.

of a son of Ra1ma (cf. %{kuzIlava}) Hariv. 822 BhP. Ragh. xvi, 72

of and son of Lava (king of Kas3mira) Ra1jat. i, 88

one of the great Dvi1pas or divisions of the universe (surrounded by the sea of liquified butter) BhP. v, 1, 32 VP. [297,1]

(%{A}) f. (Pa1n2. 8-3, 46) a small pin or piece of wood (used as a mark in recitation) La1t2y. ii, 6, 1 and 4

a cord (cf. %{ka4zA})

a horse's bridle (cf. %{ka4zA})

N. of a plant (commonly Madhu-karkat2ika1)

(%{I4}) f. ( = %{kuzA}) a small pin (used as a mark in recitation and consisting of wood [MaitrS. iv] or of metal [TBr. i S3Br. iii]

a ploughshare

a pod of cotton

(%{am}) n. water

(mfn.) wicked, depraved

mad, inebriate L.
कुशनाभ (kuśanābha) (kuśanābha)
m. N. of a son of Kus3a Hariv. R. BhP. Katha1s.
कुशल (kuśala) (kuśala)
mf(%{A})n. (gan2as %{sidhmA7di}, %{zreNy-Adi}, and %{zramaNA7di}) right, proper, suitable, good (e.g. %{kuzalaM} %{man}, to consider good, approve AitBr. S3a1n3khS3r.)

well, healthy, in good condition, prosperous R. &c.

fit for, competent, able, skilful, clever, conversant with (loc. [Pa1n2. 2-3, 40 ChUp. Mn. &c.] gen. [Pa1n2. 2-3, 40 Ya1jn5. ii, 181] inf. [MBh.], or in comp. [gan2a %{zauNDA7di}

Gaut Mn. &c.])

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people MBh. vi, 359

N. of the Bra1hmans in Kus3advi1pa BhP. v, 20, 16

m. N. of S3iva

of a prince VP.

of a grammarian (author of the Pan5jika1-pradi1pa)

(%{A}) f. N. of a woman g. %{bAhv-Adi}

(%{I}) f. the plant Oxalis Corniculata (= %{azmantaka})

the plant %{kSudrA7mlikA}

(%{am}) n. welfare, well-being, prosperous condition, happiness TUp. Gaut. A1p. MBh. &c. [%{kuzalam-pracch}, to ask after another's welfare, to say `" how do you do? "' Mn. MBh. &c.

%{kuzalaM@te} (optionally with dat. Pa1n2. 2-3, 73), `" hail to thee! "' (used as a salutation, especially in greeting a Bra1hman) MBh. &c.]

benevolence R. ii, 34, 22

virtue

cleverness, competence, ability Pan5cat.

N. of a Varsha governed by Kus3ala VP.

(%{am}) ind. well, in a proper manner, properly ChUp.

(in comp.) g. %{vispaSTA7di}

happily, cheerfully, (with %{As}, `" to be well "') BhP.

(%{ena}) ind. in due order Gobh. (also in comp. %{kuzala-}).
कुशलिन् (kuśalin) (kuśalin)
mfn. healthy, well, prosperous MBh. &c.

auspicious, favourable Sa1h.

clever

virtuous W.
कुशाग्र (kuśāgra) (kuśāgra)
n. the sharp point of a blade of the Kus3a grass MBh. iii, 11023

N. of a prince (the son of Br2ihad-ratha) Hariv. 1807 BhP.

(mfn.) sharp, shrewd W.

%{-buddhi} mfn. one whose intelligence is as sharp as the point of Kus3a grass, shrewd, intelligent Ragh. v, 4

(%{is}) f. shrewdness W.
कुशिक (kuśika) (kuśika)
mfn. squint-eyed

(%{a4s}) m. N. of the father [or grandfather MBh. Hariv.] of Vis3va1-mitra RV. iii, 33, 5 MBh. &c.

of the father of Ga1thin or Ga1dhin or Ga1dhi (the latter being sometimes identified with Indra, who is called Kaus3ika or Kus3iko7ttama MBh. xiii, 800

Ga1dhi is also regarded as the father of Vis3va1-mitra MBh. R.)

(%{A4s}) m. pl. the descendants of Kus3ika RV. AitBr. &c.

N. of a people VarBr2S.

m. N. of the thirteenth Kalpa Va1yuP.

the sediment of oil

the plant Shorea Robusta

the plant Terminalia Bellerica

the plant Vatika Robusta

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a ploughshare

(%{A}) f. see the top of the col.
कुशीलव (kuśīlava) (kuśīlava)
%{au} m. du. = %{kuza-lava} R. i.
कुषीतक (kuṣītaka) (kuṣītaka)
m. a kind of bird TS. v

N. of a man Ta1n2d2yaBr. Pa1n2. 4-1, 124 Comm. on Br2A1rUp.

(%{As}) m. pl. the descendants of that man g. %{upakA7di}.
कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha) (kuṣṭha)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. (fr. 1. %{ku} + %{stha} Pa1n2. 8-3, 97) the plant Costus speciosus or arabicus (used as a remedy for the disease called %{takma4n}) AV. Kaus3. 35 R. ii, 94, 23 Sus3r.

the plant Saussurea auriculata

m. (= %{kakundara}) cavity of the loin [Comm.

but perhaps = %{ku4SThikA}] VS. xxv, 6

(%{A}) f. the prominent part of anything, mouth or opening (of a basket) Ta1n2d2yaBr. xxi Pa1rGr2. Comm. on Ka1tyS3r.

= %{ku4SThikA} (taken as measure equal to `" one-twelfth "') MaitrS. iii, 7, 7

(%{am}) n. leprosy (of which eighteen varieties are enumerated, i.e. seven severe and eleven less so) Sus3r. Bhartr2. i, 89 Katha1s.

a sort of poison L.
कुष्ठिन् (kuṣṭhin) (kuṣṭhin)
mfn. id. A1s3vGr2. Mn. MBh. &c.
कुसीद (kusīda) (kusīda)
mfn. (fr. 1. %{ku} and %{sad}?

cf. %{kuSIda}), lazy, inert (?) TS. vii

(%{am}) n. any loan or thing lent to be repaid with interest, lending money upon interest, usury TS. iii Gobh. Gaut. Pa1n2. &c.

red sandal wood

(%{as}, %{A}) mf. a money-lender, usurer L.
कुसीदिन् (kusīdin) (kusīdin)
%{I} m. id. Nir. S3Br. xiii A1s3vS3r. S3a1n3khS3r. Gaut.

(see %{kuzIti}) N. of a descendant of Kan2va (author of RV. viii, 81-83) RAnukr.

of a teacher VP.
कुसुम (kusuma) (kusuma)
n. (fr. %{kus} Un2.

g. %{ardharcA7di}), a flower, blossom Mn. xi, 70 R. &c. (ifc. f. %{A}) Ma1lav. & Ratna1v. [298,2]

N. of the shorter sections of Deves3vara's Kavi-kalpa-lata1 (the longer chapters being called %{stabaka})

fruit

the menstrual discharge

a particular disease of the eyes

m. a form of fire Hariv. 10465

N. of an attendant of the sixth Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1

N. of a prince Buddh.
कुसुमपुर (kusumapura) (kusumapura)
n. N. of the town Pa1t2ali-putra A1ryabh. Mudr. Katha1s. &c.
कुसुमायुध (kusumāyudha) (kusumāyudha)
m. `" flower-armed "'N. of Ka1ma (the god of love, his arrows being tipped with flowers) S3ak. Bhartr2. &c.

N. of a Bra1hman Katha1s.
कुसुमित (kusumita) (kusumita)
mfn. (g. %{tArakA7di}) furnished with flowers, in flower MBh. Mr2icch. &c.
कुस्तुभ (kustubha) (kustubha)
m. (derived fr. %{kaustubha})N. of Vishn2u
कुस्तुम्बुरु (kustumburu) (kustumburu)
m. id. Sus3r.

(%{sa-k-}) VarBr2S.

(%{u}) n. the seed of coriander Pa1n2. 6-1, 143.
कुहन (kuhana) (kuhana)
mfn. envious, hypocritical

m. a mouse, rat

a snake

N. of a man MBh. iii, 15598

(%{am}, %{A}) f. hypocrisy, assumed and false sanctity, interested performance of religious austerities

(%{A}) f. envy Gal.

(%{am}) n. a small earthen vessel

a glass vessel &c. see %{kuh}. [299,1]
कुहर (kuhara) (kuhara)
m. (fr. %{kuh} = %{guh}?)N. of a serpent belonging to the Krodha-vas3a race MBh. i, 2701 Hariv. 229

(%{am}) n. a cavity, hollow, hole Bhartr2. Hit. Prab. &c.

a small window (?) VarBr2S.

the ear

the throat or larynx

a guttural sound

proximity

copulation Das3.
कूज (kūja) (kūja)
m. (Pa1n2. 7-3, 59 Ka1s3.) cooing, murmuring, warbling, &c. MBh. i, 4916 R. ii, 59, 10

rumbling (as of the bowels, &c.) Sus3r.
कूजन (kūjana) (kūjana)
n. the uttering of any inarticulate sound, cooing, moaning

the rattling of wheels Pa1n2. 1-3, 21 Va1rtt.

rumbling of the bowels Sus3r.
कूजित (kūjita) (kūjita)
mfn. uttered inarticulately, cooed, &c. Vikr. &c.

filled with monotonous sounds, &c. R. iii, 78, 27 Vet.

(%{am}) n. the cry of a bird, cooing, warbling, cackling, &c. R. Ma1lav. Vikr. &c. mfn. warbled, sung BhP. (%{-taM@haMsaiH}).
कूट (kūṭa) (kūṭa)
n. the bone of the forehead with its projections or prominences, horn RV. x, 102, 4 AV. S3Br. AitBr.

a kind of vessel or implement Kaus3. 16

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. any prominence or projection (e.g. %{aMsa-k-}, %{akSi-k-}, qq. vv.)

summit, peak or summit of a mountain MBh. &c.

summit, head i.e. the highest, most excellent, first BhP. ii, 9, 19

a heap, multitude (e.g. %{abhra-k-}, a multitude of clouds) MBh. R. BhP.

part of a plough, ploughshare, body of a plough

an iron mallet MBh. xvi, 4, 6

a trap for catching deer, concealed weapon (as a dagger in a wooden case, sword-stick, &c.) R. Pan5cat.

(%{as}

%{am}) m. n. illusion, fraud, trick, untruth, falsehood

a puzzling question, enigma BhP. vi, 5, 10 and 29

m. a kind of hall (= %{maNDapa}) Hcat.

N. of a particular constellation VarBr2. xii, 8 and 16

a subdivision of Graha-yuddha Su1ryas.

a mystical N. of the letter %{kSa} Ra1matUp.

N. of Agastya (cf. %{kuTaja})

of an enemy of Vishn2u R. BhP. x

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. uniform substance (as the etherial element, &c.)

a water-jar Hcar.

a kind of plant

(%{as}, %{I}) mf. a house, dwelling (cf. %{kuTa} and %{kuTI})

(%{kUta4}) mf(%{A4})n. not horned or cornuted (as an animal with incomplete continuations of the bone of the forehead) AV. xii, 4, 3 TS. i Ka1t2h. &c.

false, untrue, deceitful Mn. Ya1jn5. Katha1s. &c.

base (as coins) Ya1jn5. ii, 241

m. an ox whose horns are broken

(%{am}) n. counterfeited objects (of a merchant) VarBr2. xiv, 3.
कूटस्थ (kūṭastha) (kūṭastha)
mfn. standing at the top, keeping the highest position Comm. on S3Br. i, 4, 2, 4

standing in a multitude of or in the midst of (in comp.) BhP. i, 11, 36

(in phil.) immovable, uniform, unchangeable (as the soul, spirit, space, ether, sound, &c.) Up. Pat. Bhag. vi, xii BhP. iii, &c. (Pa1li %{kUTaTTha}, Sa1man5n5aphala-sutta)

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a kind of perfume (a species of dried shell-fish, commonly Nathi)

(%{am}) n. the soul W.

%{-tA} f. unchangeableness, uniformity

%{-tva} n. id. Comm. on KapS.

%{-dIpa} m. N. of a treatise forming part of the Pan5cadas3i1.
कूप (kūpa) (kūpa)
m. (fr. 1. %{ku} and %{a4p}?

cf. %{anUpa4}, %{dvIpa4}), a hole, hollow, cave RV. i, 105, 17 AV. S3Br. &c.

a pit well S3a1n3khGr2. Mn. Mr2icch. &c.

a post to which a boat or ship is moored

a mast

a tree or rock in the midst of a river

a leather oil vessel

= %{mRn-mAna}

(%{I}) f. a small well W.

the navel W.

a flask, bottle W.

[cf. Gk. $.]
कूपमण्डूक (kūpamaṇḍūka) (kūpamaṇḍūka)
m. (g. %{pAtresamitA7di}) = %{-kacchapa} Prasannar. Hit.

(%{I}) f. id. Bhat2t2. v, 85.
कूपार (kūpāra) (kūpāra)
m. (= %{akUp-}) the ocean
कूर्म (kūrma) (kūrma)
m. a tortoise, turtle VS. TS. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} MBh. iv, 2016)

the earth considered as a tortoise swimming on the waters (see %{-vibhAga})

(hence) N. of the fourteenth Adhya1ya of VarBr2S. VarYogay. ix, 4

a particular figure or intertwining of the fingers (%{mudrA}) Tantras.

one of the outer winds of the body (causing the closing of the eyes) Veda7ntas.

N. of a deity Rasik.

of a serpent or Ka1draveya king MBh. i, 2549

of a R2ishi (son of Gr2itsa-mada, author of RV. ii, 27-29) RAnukr.

Vishn2u's second incarnation (descent in the form of a tortoise to support the mountain Mandara at the churning of the ocean) NarasP. &c.

(%{I}) f. a female tortoise

[cf. $, $, $.]
कूल (kūla) (kūla)
n. a declivity, slope RV. viii, 47, 11

a shore, bank S3Br. xiv Nir. Mn. &c. (ifc. Pa1n2. 6-2, 121

129 & 135

f. %{A} MBh. xiv, 1163)

a heap, mound, tope Car.

a pond or pool

the rear of an army

N. of a locality g. %{dhUmA7di}

[cf. %{aja-kUlA}, %{anu-kUla}, %{ut-k-} &c.

cf. also Hib. {cul}, `" custody, guard, defence, back part of anything "'

{col}, `" an impediment "'

Lat. {collis}?]
कृच्छ्र (kṛcchra) (kṛcchra)
mf(%{A})n. (perhaps fr. %{kRz}, and connected with %{kaSTa}), causing trouble or pain, painful, attended with pain or labour MBh. R. Pan5cat. Sus3r.

being in a difficult or painful situation R. ii, 78, 14

bad, evil, wicked W.

(%{am}) ind. miserably, painfully, with difficulty R. iv, 22, 7

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. difficulty, trouble, labour, hardship, calamity, pain, danger (often ifc. e.g. %{vana-vAsak-}, the difficulties of living in a forest

%{mUtra-k-} q.v.

%{artha-kRcchreSu}, in difficulties, in a miserable situation MBh. iii, 65 Nal. xv, 3

%{prA7NakRcchra}, danger of life MBh. ii, 6 BhP.) RV. x, 52, 4 Nir. AitBr. &c.

ischury (= %{mUtra-k-})

bodily mortification, austerity, penance Gaut. Mn. &c.

a particular kind of religious penance Mn. Ya1jn5.

m. N. of Vishn2u MBh. xii, 12864

(%{eNa}, or %{a-} in comp.) instr. ind. with difficulty, with great exertion, painfully, hardly, scarcely Pa1n2. 2-3, 33 R. Sus3r. &c. (%{alpa-kRcchreNa}, `" easily "' SaddhP.)

(%{At}) abl. ind. id. MBh. R. &c.

(in comp. with a perf. Pass. p. Pa1n2. 2-1, 39

vi

3, 2.)
कृत् (kṛt) (kṛt)
1 mfn. only ifc. (Pa1n2. 6-1, 182) making, doing, performing, accomplishing, effecting, manufacturing, acting, one who accomplishes or performs anything, author (see %{su-k-}, %{karma-k-}, %{pApa-k-}, &c.)

(%{t}) m. an affix used to form nouns from roots VPra1t. Pa1n2. 3-1, 93

4, 67

vi, 1, 71

vii, 2, 8 and 11

3, 33

viii, 4, 29

a noun formed with that affix Nir. Pa1rGr2. Gobh. Pa1n2.2 cl. 6. P. %{kRnta4ti}, ep. also A1. %{-te} and cl. 1. P. %{kartati} (perf. %{cakarta}, 2nd fut. %{kartsyati} or %{kartiSyati}, 1st fut. %{kartitA} Pa1n2. 7-2, 57 [304,3]

Subj. %{kRnta4t}

aor. %{akartIt}, Ved. 2. sg. %{akRtas}), to cut, cut in pieces, cut off, divide, tear asunder, destroyAitBr. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{kartayati} id. Pan5cat.: Desid. %{cikartiSati} or %{cikRtsati} Pa1n2. 7-2, 57

[cf. $, $

Lith. {kertu} inf. {kirsti}, `" to cut "'

Slav. {korju1}, `" to split "'

Lat. {curtus}, {culter}

Hib. {ceartaighim}, `" I prune, trim, cut "'

{cuirc}, `" a knife. "'] 3 cl. 7. P. %{kRNa4tti} (impf. 3. pl. %{a4kRntan}), to twist threads, spin AV. TS. ii S3Br. iii MaitrS. = Ta1n2d2yaBr. (Nir. iii, 21)

to wind (as a snake) AV. i, 27, 2 (pr. p. f. %{kRntatI4})

to surround, encompass, attire Dha1tup. xxix, 10.
कृत (kṛta) (kṛta)
1 mfn. done, made, accomplished, performed&c.

prepared, made ready ib.

obtained, gained, acquired, placed at hand AV. iii, 24, 5

well done, proper, good S3Br. iv

cultivated Mn. x, 114

appointed (as a duty) Ya1jn5. ii, 186

relating or referring to Ya1jn5. ii, 210

m. N. of one of the Vis3ve Deva1s MBh. xiii, 4356

of a son of Vasu-deva BhP. ix, 24, 45

of a son of Sam2nati and pupil of Hiran2ya-na1bha Hariv. 1080 BhP. xii, 6, 80

of a son of Kr2ita-ratha and father of Vibudha VP.

of a son of Jaya and father of Haryavana BhP. ix, 17, 17

of a son of Cyavana and father of Upari-cara Va1yuP.

(%{am}) n. (with %{saha} or with instr.) `" done with "', away with, enough of, no need of, &c. (e.g. %{kRtaM@saMdehena}, away with doubt S3ak.

%{k-@parihAsena}, enough of joking ib.)

the past tense AitBr. v, 1

(%{a4m}) n. deed, work, actionS3vetUp. Mn. &c.

service done, kind action, benefit (cf. %{kRta-jJa} and %{-ghna}) MBh. v, 1692 Pan5cat.

magic, sorcery Sa1mavBr.

consequence, result

aim Vop. i, 2

stake at a game

prize or booty gained in battle ib.

N. of the die or of the side of a die marked with four points or dots (this is the lucky or winning die) VS. xxx, 18 TS. S3Br. &c.

(also the collective N. of the four dice in opposition to the fifth die called %{kali} Comm. on VS. x, 28)

(hence) the number `" four "' VarBr2S. Su1ryas.

N. of the first of the four ages of the world (also called %{satya} or `" the golden age "', comprehending together with the morning and evening dawn 4800 years of men [Mn. MBh. Hariv.] or according to the later conception [BhP. &c. Comm. on Mn. i, 69] 4800 years of the gods or 1, 728, 000 years of men)

(%{e}) loc. ind. on account of, for the sake of, for (with gen. or ifc. e.g. %{mama@kRte} or %{mat-kRte}, on my account, for me) Ya1jn5. i, 216 MBh. R. &c.

(%{ena}) instr. ind. id. MBh. R. i, 76, 6 and vi, 85, 10.
कृतक (kṛtaka) (kṛtaka)
mfn. artificial, factitious, done artificially, made, prepared, not produced spontaneously Nir. MBh. &c.

not natural, adopted (as a son) MBh. xiii, 2630 Megh.

assumed, simulated, false MBh. Pan5cat. Ragh. xviii, 51 &c.

(%{am} or %{a-} in comp.) ind. in a simulated manner S3is3. ix, 83 Katha1s.

m. N. of a son of Vasu-deva BhP. ix, 24, 47

of a son of Cyavana VP.

(%{am}) n. a kind of salt (= %{viD-lavaNa})

sulphate of copper
कृतघ्न (kṛtaghna) (kṛtaghna)
mf(%{A})n. `" destroying past services or benefits, unmindful of (services) rendered, ungrateful Mn. R. &c. BrahmaP. (sixteen kinds of ungrateful men are enumerated)

defeating or rendering vain all previous measures W.

%{-tA} f. ingratitude Pan5cat. Sa1h.

%{-tva} n. id. Ma1rkP.

%{kRtaghnI-kRti} f. representing as ungrateful Naish. vi, 85.
कृतज्ञ (kṛtajña) (kṛtajña)
mf(%{A})n. knowing what is right, correct in conduct MBh. xii, 104, 6

acknowledging past services or benefits, mindful of former aid or favours, grateful Mn. Ya1jn5. &c.

m. a dog

N. of S3iva

%{-tA} f. gratitude R. Pan5cat.

%{-tva} n. id.

%{-zIla} m. N. of a Pra1kr2it poet.
कृति (kṛti) (kṛti)
1 f. the act of doing, making, performing, manufacturing, composing S3Br. x ChUp. Pan5cat. Ka1s3. &c.

action, activity MBh. iii, 12480 Bha1sha1p. Tarkas.

creation, work Vop.

literary work Ma1lav. Ragh. Pa1n2. 6-2, 151 Ka1s3.

a house of relics DivyA7v.

`" magic "' see %{-kara}

a witch (cf. %{kRtyA}) Devi1m.

a kind of Anusht2ubh metre (consisting of two Pa1das of twelve syllables each and a third Pa1da of eight syllables) RPra1t.

another metre (a stanza of four lines with twenty syllables in each) RPra1t.

(hence) the number twenty VarBr2.

a collective N. of the metres %{kRti}, %{prak-}, %{Ak-}, %{vik-}, %{saMk-}, %{abhik-}, and %{utkRti}

a square number VarBr2.

(in dram.) confirmation of any obtainment Sa1h. Das3ar. Prata1par.

N. of the wife of Sam2hra1da and mother of Pan5ca-jana BhP. vi, 18, 13

(%{is}) m. N. of several persons MBh. ii, 320 and 1882 Hariv. BhP. Ma1rkP.

of a pupil of Hiran2ya-na1bha Va1yuP.
कृतवत् (kṛtavat) (kṛtavat)
mfn. perf. p. P. %{kR}, one who has done or made anything

one who holds the stake at a game (?) Nir. v, 22 (%{tI}) f. N. of a river VP.
कृतवीर्य (kṛtavīrya) (kṛtavīrya)
(%{kRta4-}) mfn. one who is strong or powerful AV. xvii, 1, 27

m. N. of a prince (son of Kanaka or Dhanaka and father of Arjuna

cf. %{kArtavIrya}) MBh. Hariv. BhP.

of a medical teacher Sus3r.
कृतास्त्र (kṛtāstra) (kṛtāstra)
mfn. one who has exercised himself in throwing arrows or other weapons, skilled in archery MBh. R.

armed

m. N. of a warrior MBh. ii, 127

%{-tA} f. consummate skill or proficiency in the use of arms MBh. i, 5156.
कृत्ति (kṛtti) (kṛtti)
f. skin, hide RV. viii, 90, 6 VS. AV.

a garment made of skin (fr. 3. %{kRt}?) Nir. v, 22

the hide or skin on which the religious student sits or sleeps, &c. (usually the skin of an antelope) W.

the birch tree

the bark of the birch tree (used for writing upon, for making hooka pipes, &c.) W.

(= %{kR4ttikA}) one of the lunar mansions (the Pleiads)

a house Naigh. iii, 4 (probably with reference to RV. viii, 90, 6

but cf. %{kuTI})

food Nir. v, 22

fame (%{yazas}) ib.

[cf. Hib. {cart}

Lat. {cortex}.) %{kR4ttikA} see 2. %{kRt}.
कृत्नु (kṛtnu) (kṛtnu)
mfn. working well, able to work, skilful, clever, an artificer or mechanic, artist RV.

(%{us}) m. N. of a R2ishi (author of RV. viii, 79) RAnukr. %{kRtya} see 1. %{kR}.
कृत्य (kṛtya) (kṛtya)
mfn. `" to be done or performed "', (%{am}) n. ind. anybody (gen.) is concerned about (instr.) Mr2icch.

practicable, feasible W.

right, proper to be done MBh. R. &c.

one who may be seduced from allegiance or alliance, who may be bribed or hired (as an assassin) Ra1jat. v, 247

(in med.) to be treated or attended with (in comp.) Sus3r.

m. (scil. %{pratyaya}) the class of affixes forming the fut. p. Pass. (as %{tavya}, %{anIya}, %{ya}, %{elima}, &c.) Pa1n2.

a kind of evil spirit (named either with or without the addition of %{yakSa}, %{mAnuSa}, %{asura}, &c.) Buddh. (perhaps v.l. for %{-tyA} below)

(%{A4}) f. (Pa1n2. 3-3, 100) action, act, deed, performance, achievement AV. v, 9, 8 Mn. xi, 125 MBh. xii, 3837

(with gen. %{rujas}) ill usage or treatment Mn. xi, 67

magic, enchantment AV. &c.

(especially personified) a kind of female evil spirit or sorceress RV. x, 85, 28 & 29 VS. &c.

a female deity to whom sacrifices are offered for destructive and magical purposes

N. of a river MBh. vi, 9, 18

(%{am}) n. what ought to be done, what is proper or fit, duty, office Mn. R. &c.

action, business, performance, service S3ak. Sarvad. &c.

purpose, end, object, motive, cause MBh. &c.
कृत्यवत् (kṛtyavat) (kṛtyavat)
mfn. having any business, engaged in any occupation MBh. i, 5153 ff.

having any request MBh. iii, 270, 6

wanting, longing for (instr.) R. vii, 92, 15

having the power to do something (loc.) R. iii, 75, 66.
कृत्रिम (kṛtrima) (kṛtrima)
mf(%{A})n. made artificially, factitious, artificial, not naturally or spontaneously produced&c.

falsified Ya1jn5. ii, 247 Katha1s.

not natural, adopted (as a son) Mn. Ya1jn5. ii, 131 MBh. Katha1s.

assumed, simulated

not necessarily connected with the nature of anything, adventitious Pan5cat.

m. incense, olibanum

an adopted son

(%{am}) n. a kind of salt (the common Bit Noben, or Bit Lavan [%{viD-lavaNa}], obtained by cooking)

a kind of perfume (= %{javadi})

sulphate of copper (used as a collyrium)

(%{A}) f. a channel Gal.
कृत्स्न (kṛtsna) (kṛtsna)
mf(%{A})n. (rarely used in pl. R. iv, 43, 64) all, whole, entire S3Br. Mn. &c.

m. N. of a man

(%{am}) n. water

the flank or hip W.

the belly L.
कृप (kṛpa) (kṛpa)
m. N. of a man (described as a friend of Indra) RV. viii, 3, 12 and 4, 2

m. and (%{I}) f. N. of the son and daughter of the sage S3aradvat (who performed severe penance

the jealous Indra therefore sent a nymph to tempt him, but without success

however, twin sons were born to the sage in a clump of grass [%{zara-stambe}], who were found by king S3a1ntanu and out of pity [%{kRpA}] taken home and reared

the daughter, Kr2ipi1, married Dron2a, and had by him a son called As3vattha1man

the son, Kr2ipa, became one of the council at Hastina1pura, and is sometimes called Gautama, sometimes S3a1radvata

according to Hariv. and VP., Kr2ipa and Kr2ipi1 were only distant descendants of S3aradvat

according to others, Kr2ipa = Vya1sa or = a son of Kr2ishn2a) MBh. &c.

(%{A}) f. see s.v. below.
कृपण (kṛpaṇa) (kṛpaṇa)
1 mf(%{A4}

%{I} g. %{bahv-Adi})n. (gan2as %{zreNyAdi} and %{sukhA7di} Pa1n2. 8-2, 18 Pat.) inclined to grieve, pitiable, miserable, poor, wretched, feeble S3Br. xi, xiv MBh. &c.

resulting from tears AV. xi, 8, 28

low, vile W.

miserly, stingy Pan5cat. Hit.

m. a poor man VarBr2S.

a scraper, niggard Pan5cat. S3a1rn3gP.

a worm

N. of a man VP.

(%{am}) ind. miserably, pitiably MBh. Pan5cat. Das3.

(%{kRpa4Nam}) n. wretchedness, misery RV. x, 99, 9 AitBr. vii, 13 S3a1n3khS3r. Mn. iv, 185 &c.

(%{sa-kRpaNam}, `" miserably, pitiably "'), S3a1ntis3. (cf. %{kArpaNya}.)
कृपा (kṛpā) (kṛpā)
f. (g. %{bhidA7di}) pity, tenderness, compassion (with gen. or loc.

%{kRpAM-kR}, to pity [with loc.] Nal. xvii R.) MBh. &c.

N. of a river (v.l. %{rUpA}) VP.
कृश (kṛśa) (kṛśa)
mf(%{A})n. (Pa1n2. 8-2, 55) lean, emaciated, thin, spare, weak, feeble&c.

small, little, minute, insignificant Mn. MBh. R. Mr2icch. &c.

`" poor "' see %{kRzI-kRta}

m. a kind of fish Gal.

a kind of bird Inscr.

N. of a R2ishi (author of RV. viii, 55), viii, 54, 2 and 59, 3

x, 40, 8 MBh. i, xiii

N. of Sa1m2kr2itya1yana Car. i, 12

of Na1ga MBh. i, 2152

(pl.) the descendants of Kr2is3a g. %{yaskA7di} (Gan2ar. 27)

(%{I}) f. g. %{gaurA7di} (ib. 45)

[cf. $. fr. $]
कृशता (kṛśatā) (kṛśatā)
f. leanness, thinness MBh. Sus3r. Sa1h.
कृशत्व (kṛśatva) (kṛśatva)
n. id. Sus3r. Pan5cat.
कृशानु (kṛśānu) (kṛśānu)
m. (fr. %{kRz} for %{kRS}?), `" bending the bow "'N. applied to a good archer (connected with %{a4stR}, `" an archer "', though sometimes used alone

Kr2is3a1nu, according to some, is a divine being, in character like Rudra or identified with him

armed with the lightning he defends the `" heavenly "' Soma from the hawk, who tries to steal and bear it from heaven to earth) RV. VS. iv, 27 AitBr. iii, 26

N. of Agni or fire VS. v, 32 S3a1n3khS3r. vi, 12, 3

(hence) fire Sus3r. Ragh. Kum. Bhartr2.

N. of Vishn2u VarBr2S. xliii, 54

of a Gandharva

Plumbago zeylanica L.
कृशानुरेतस् (kṛśānuretas) (kṛśānuretas)
m. `" whose semen virile is fire "', N. of S3iva
कृशोदर (kṛśodara) (kṛśodara)
mf(%{I})n. thin-waisted Das3. Ka1d. Viddh.
कृषि (kṛṣi) (kṛṣi)
f. (exceptionally pl. VS. iv, 10 Subh.) ploughing, cultivation of the soil, agriculture (one of the Vr2ittis of a Vais3ya Vishn2.) RV. VS. &c.

the cultivation of the soil personified S3Br. xi

the harvest Ya1jn5. i, 275 Dhu1rtas.

the earth (= %{bhU}) MBh. v, 2563.
कृषीबल (kṛṣībala) (kṛṣībala)
m. N. of a sage MBh. ii, 295.
कृष्ट (kṛṣṭa) (kṛṣṭa)
mfn. drawn &c. (ifc.) Ragh. S3ak. &c.

ploughed or tilled (ifc.) Pan5cat. &c.

(%{a4s} or %{a4m}) m. or n. cultivated ground S3Br. v

m. `" lengthened "'N. of a particular note (in music) TPra1t.
कृष्टज (kṛṣṭaja) (kṛṣṭaja)
mfn. grown in cultivated ground, cultivated (as plants) Mn. xi, 144.
कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) (kṛṣṇa)
1 mf(%{A4})n. black, dark, dark-blue (opposed to %{zveta4}, %{zukla4}, %{ro4hita}, and %{aruNa4})&c.

wicked, evil Vop. vii, 82

m. (with or without %{pakSa}) the dark half of the lunar month from full to new moon Mn. Ya1jn5. Bhag. Sus3r.

the fourth or Kali-yuga

(%{kR4SNas}) m. black (the colour) or dark-blue (which is often confounded with black by the Hindu1s)

the antelope RV. x, 94, 5 VS. TS. S3Br. BhP.

a kind of animal feeding on carrion AV. xi, 2, 2 (%{kRSNa4})

the Indian cuckoo or Kokila (cf. R. ii, 52, 2)

a crow

Carissa Carandas

N. of one of the poets of the RV. (descended from An3giras) RV. viii, 85, 3 and 4 S3a1n3khBr. xxx, 9

(a son of Devaki1 and pupil of Ghora A1n3girasa) ChUp. iii, 17, 6

N. of a celebrated Avata1r of the god Vishn2u, or sometimes identified with Vishn2u himself [MBh. v, 2563

xiv, 1589 ff. Hariv. 2359 &c.] as distinct from his ten Avata1rs or incarnations (in the earlier legends he appears as a great hero and teacher [MBh. Bhag.]

in the more recent he is deified, and is often represented as a young and amorous shepherd with flowing hair and a flute in his hand

the following are a few particulars of his birth and history as related in Hariv. 3304 ff. and in the Pura1n2as &c.: Vasu-deva, who was a descendant of Yadu and Yaya1ti, had two wives, Rohin2i1 and Devaki1

the latter had eight sons of whom the eighth was Kr2ishn2a

Kan6sa, king of Mathura1 and cousin of Devaki1, was informed by a prediction that one of these sons would kill him

he therefore kept Vasu-deva and his wife in confinement, and slew their first six children

the seventh was Balara1ma who was saved by being abstracted from the womb of Devaki1 and transferred to that of Rohin2i1

the eighth was Kr2ishn2a who was born with black skin and a peculiar mark on his breast

his father Vasu-deva managed to escape from Mathura1 with the child, and favoured by the gods found a herdsman named Nanda whose wife Yas3o-da1 had just been delivered of a son which Vasu-deva conveyed to Devaki1 after substituting his own in its place. Nanda with his wife Yas3o-da1 took the infant Kr2ishn2a and settled first in Gokula or Vraja, and afterwards in Vr2inda1vana, where Kr2ishn2a and Bala-ra1ma grew up together, roaming in the woods and joining in the sports of the herdsmen's sons [306,3]

Kr2ishn2a as a youth contested the sovereignty of Indra, and was victorious over that god, who descended from heaven to praise Kr2ishn2a, and made him lord over the cattle [Hariv. 3787 ff.

7456 ff. VP.]

Kr2ishn2a is described as sporting constantly with the Gopi1s or shepherdesses [Hariv. 4078 ff.

8301 ff. VP. Gi1t.] of whom a thousand became his wives, though only eight are specified, Ra1dha1 being the favourite [Hariv. 6694 ff.

9177 ff. VP.]

Kr2ishn2a built and fortified a city called Dva1raka1 in Gujara1t, and thither transported the inhabitants of Mathura1 after killing Kan6sa

Kr2ishn2a had various wives besides the Gopi1s, and by Rukmin2i1 had a son Pradyumna who is usually identified with Ka1ma-deva

with Jains, Kr2ishn2a is one of the nine black Vasu-devas

with Buddhists he is the chief of the black demons, who are the enemies of Buddha and the white demons)

N. of an attendant in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2559

of an Asura Hariv. 12936 Sa1y. on RV. i, 101, 1

of a king of the Na1gas MBh. ii, 360 DivyA7v. ii

of Arjuna (the most renowned of the Pa1n2d2u princes, so named apparently from his colour as a child) MBh. iv, 1389

of Vya1sa MBh. Hariv. 11089

of Ha1rita see %{-hArita}

of a son of S3uka by Pi1vari1 (teacher of the Yoga) Hariv. 980 ff.

of a pupil of Bharad-va1ja Katha1s. vii, 15

of Havir-dha1na Hariv. 83 VP. BhP. iv, 24, 8

of a son of Arjuna Hariv. 1892

of an adopted son of A-saman5jas, 2039

of a chief of the Andhras VP.

of the author of a Comm. on the MBh.

of a poet

of the author of a Comm. on the Daya1-bha1ga

of the son of Kes3ava7rka and grandson of Jaya7ditya

of the father of Ta1na-bhat2t2a and uncle of Ran3ga-na1tha

of the father of Da1mo7dara and uncle of Malhan2a

of the father of Prabhu1jika and uncle of Vidya1-dhara

of the father of Madana

of the grammarian Ra1ma-candra

of the son of Va1run2e7ndra and father of Lakshman2a

of the father of Hi1ra-bhat2t2a (author of the Comm. called Carakabha1shya, and of the work Sa1hitya-sudha1-samudra)

N. of a hell VP.

(%{au}) m. du. Kr2ishn2a and Arjuna MBh. i, 8287

iii, 8279

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of the S3u1dras in S3a1lmala-dvi1pa VP.

(%{A}) f. a kind of leech Sus3r.

a kind of venomous insect ib.

N. of several plants (Piper longum

the Indigo plant

a grape

a Punar-nava1 with dark blossoms

Gmelina arborea

Nigella indica

Sinapis ramosa

Vernonia anthelminthica

= %{kAkolI}

a sort of Sa1riva1 L.) Sus3r.

a kind of perfume (= %{parpaTI}) Bhpr.

N. of Draupadi1 MBh.

of Durga1 MBh. iv, 184

of one of the seven tongues of fireSch.

of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2640

of a Yogini1 Hcat.

(with or without %{gaGgA}) N. of the river Kistna MBh. xiii, 4888 PadmaP. Na1rP.

(%{I4}) f. night RV. vii, 71, 1

(%{a4m}) n. blackness, darkness, i, 123, 1 and 9

the black part of the eye S3Br. x, xii, xiii, xiv Sus3r.

the black spots in the moon TBr. i, 2, 1, 2

a kind of demon or spirit of darkness RV. iv, 16, 13

black pepper

black Agallochum

iron

lead

antimony

blue vitriol

[cf. %{kA4rSNa}, &c.

cf. also Russ. {c8ernyi}, `" black. "']
कृष्णल (kṛṣṇala) (kṛṣṇala)
n. rarely [Ya1jn5. i, 362] m. (g. %{sidhmA7di}) the black berry of the plant Abrus precatorius used as a weight (the average weight being between one and two grains) Ka1t2h. TBr. Mn. Ya1jn5. Comm. on Ka1tyS3r. &c.

a coin of the same weight Mn. Ya1jn5.

a piece of gold of the same weight TS. Kaus3. Nya1yam.

(%{A}) f. Abrus precatorius (a shrub bearing a small black and red berry = %{guJjA}, %{raktikA})
कृष्णवर्त्मन् (kṛṣṇavartman) (kṛṣṇavartman)
m. `" whose way is black "', fire Mn. ii, 94 MBh. R. Ragh. xi, 42

the marking-nut plant (Plumbago Zeylanica)

N. of Ra1hu

a man of evil conduct, low man, outcast, black-guard L.
केकय (kekaya) (kekaya)
%{As} m. pl.N. of a warrior-tribe MBh. R. &c.

m. (Pa1n2. 7-3, 2 and g. %{bhargA7di}) a chief of that tribe (prince of the solar race) MBh. iii, 10284 R. ii

(%{I}) f. a princess of that tribe (wife of Das3a-ratha and mother of Bharata) R. ii, 70, 20 (cf. %{kaikeya}.)
केत (keta) (keta)
m. (4. %{cit}) desire, wish, will, intention [`" wealth "', `" atmosphere, sky "' Sa1y.] RV. VS. TS. S3a1n3khS3r.

a house, abode BhP.

mark, sign BhP. i, 16, 34

apparition, shape Naigh. iii, 9.
केतक (ketaka) (ketaka)
m. the tree Pandanus odoratissimus MBh. R. Megh. &c. [309,1]

(%{I}) f. (g. %{gaurA7di} Gan2ar. 46) id. Gi1t. Vet. Sa1h. S3ivaP.
केतन (ketana) (ketana)
n. a summons, invitation Mn. iv, 110 MBh. Ma1rkP.

a house, abode MBh. R. BhP. Katha1s.

`" abode of the soul "', the body Gi1t. vii, 5 (ifc. f. %{A})

place, site Katha1s. xxvi, 44

sign, mark, symbol (of a deity), ensign (of a warrior), flag or banner (e g. %{vAnara-k-}, `" one who has a monkey as his ensign or arms "' MBh.

see also %{makara-k-}, &c.) MBh. R. Ragh. ix, 38

business, indispensable act Ma1lati1m. %{-taya}, &c. see %{ke4ta}.
केतु (ketu) (ketu)
m. (fr. 4. %{cit}), bright appearance, clearness, brightness (often pl., `" rays of light "') RV. VS. AV.

lamp, flame, torch ib.

day-time S3a1n3khBr.

(Naigh. iii, 9) apparition, form, shape RV. Pa1rGr2.

sign, mark, ensign, flag, bannerMBh. &c.

a chief, leader, eminent person RV. R. iv, 28, 18 Ragh. ii, 33 BhP.

intellect, judgment, discernment (?) RV. v, 66, 4 AV. x, 2, 12

any unusual or striking phenomenon, comet, meteor, falling star AdbhBr. Mn. i, 38 VarBr2S. BhP. &c.

the dragon's tail or descending node (considered in astron. as the 9th planet, and in mythol. as the body of the demon Sain6hikeya [son of Sin6hika1] which was severed from the head or Ra1hu by Vishn2u at the churning of the ocean, but was rendered immortal by having tasted the Amr2ita) Hariv. 4259 R. VP.

`" a pigmy race "' see %{-gaNa} below

disease

an enemy

N. of a son of Agni (author of RV. x, 156) RAnukr.

(with the patr. Va1jya) VBr.

N. of a Da1nava Hariv. 198

of a son (of R2ishabha BhP. v, 4, 10

of the 4th Manu, viii, 1, 27)

%{aruNA4H@keta4vaH}, `" red apparitions "', a class of spirits (a kind of sacrificial fire is called after them %{AruNaketuka} q.v.) AV. xi, 10, 1 f. and 7 TA1r. MBh. xii, 26, 7.
केतुमत् (ketumat) (ketumat)
mfn. endowed with brightness AV.

(interpolation after RV. viii, 56)

clear (as a sound) RV. vi, 47, 31 AV. iii, 19, 6

(%{An}) m. a Yaksha Gal.

N. of a Muni Va1yuP.

of a Da1nava MBh. Hariv.

of a regent of the western part of the world (son of Rajas) VP.

of a son of Kshema and father of Suketu Hariv. 1593

of a son of Kshemya and father of Varsha-ketu, 1750

of a warrior MBh. ii, 122 and 127

of a son of Dhanvantari BhP. ix, 17, 5

of Ambari1sha, ix, 6, 1

N. of a mountain Buddh.

of a palace of Va1su-deva's wife Sunanda1 Hariv. 8989

(%{tI}) f. a metre (of 2 x 21 syllables)

N. of the wife of Suma1lin R. vii, 5, 37

N. of a locality W.
केदार (kedāra) (kedāra)
m. (n. L.) a field or meadow, especially one under water Mn. ix, 38 & 44 MBh. R. &c.

%{kapilasya@k-}, `" Kapila's field "'N. of a Ti1rtha MBh. iii, 6042 ff.

%{mataGgasya@k-}, `" Matan3ga's field "', another Ti1rtha, 8159

a basin for water round the root of a tree

a bed in a garden or field W.

plain, area Ka1tyS3r. xviii, 5, 4 Sch.

N. of a particular constellation VarBr2.

of a Ra1ga (in music)

of a mountain country (the modern Keda1r, part of the Hima7laya mountains W.) MBh. vi, 427 NandiP.

N. of S3iva as worshipped in the Hima7laya

of the author of a work entitled Abdhi

(%{I}) f. N. of a Ra1gin2i1

(%{am}) n. N. of a Ti1rtha MatsyaP.

of a Lin3ga ib.

(in the Hima7laya) S3ivaP.
केन्द्र (kendra) (kendra)
n. (borrowed fr. Gk. $), the centre &95755[309,2] of a circle

the equation of the centre

the argument of a circle

the argument of an equation W.

the distance of a planet from the first point of its orbit in the fourth, seventh, or tenth degree Su1ryas. &c.

the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth lunar mansion VarBr2S. VarBr2. (cf. %{dvitIya-k-}, %{patana-k-}, %{manda-k-}, %{zIghra-k-}.)
केयूर (keyūra) (keyūra)
n. a bracelet worn on the upper arm MBh. R. Ragh. &c.

m. id. Bhartr2. ii, 16

a kind of coitus

N. of a Sama1dhi Ka1ran2d2.
केरल (kerala) (kerala)
%{As} m. pl.N. of the inhabitants of Malabar MBh. (once %{keraka}, ii, 1173) Hariv. R. VarBr2S.

m. (g. %{kambojA7di}) the king of the Keralas MBh. iii, 15250

N. of a son of A1kri1d2a (from whom the people of Kerala is derived) Hariv. 1836

(%{I}) f. a Kerala woman Ka1d.

N. of an astronomical treatise

a Hora1 or period of time equal to about one hour[309,3]

(%{am}) n. N. of the country inhabited by the Keralas MBh. vi, 352.
केलि (keli) (keli)
%{is} mf. play, sport, amorous sport, pastime, amusement Mn. viii, 357 Mr2icch. &c.

disguise, concealment Gal.

(%{is}) f. the earth L.
केवर्त (kevarta) (kevarta)
m. (= %{kaiv-}) a fisherman VS. xxx, 16.
केवल (kevala) (kevala)
m. (nom. pl. %{e} RV. x, 51, 9) f. (%{I} RV. x, 73, 6 AV. S3Br.

%{A} Mn. &c. see Pa1n2. 4-1, 30)n. (in comp. Pa1n2. 2-1, 49) exclusively one's own (not common to others)

alone, only, mere, sole, one, excluding othersTS. &c.

not connected with anything else, isolated, abstract, absolute [310,1]

simple, pure, uncompounded, unmingled S3Br. &c.

entire, whole, all Mn. MBh. &c.

selfish, envious

(%{am}) ind. only, merely, solely (%{na@kevalam} - %{api}, not only-but also Ragh. VP. Ra1jat.

%{kevalam-na@tu}, only - but not, S3r2in3ga1r.) Mn. MBh. &c.

entirely, wholly, absolutely R. ii, 87, 23

but Ka1d. Hcar.

(= %{nirNItam}) certainly, decidedly

m. (= %{kelaka}) a dancer, tumbler Gal.

N. of a prince BhP. ix, 2, 30

(%{A}) f. N. of a locality MBh. iii, 254, 10 (v.l. %{-lI})

(%{I}) f. `" the whole of a philosophical system "' see %{pAzaka-k-}

N. of a locality (v.l. for %{-lA} q.v.)

(%{am}) n. the doctrine of the absolute unity of spirit

the highest possible knowledge (= %{kevala-jJAna}) Jain.

N. of a country (v.l. %{kerala}) MBh. vi, 9, 34.
केवलिन् (kevalin) (kevalin)
mfn. alone, one, only W.

(%{I}) m. `" devoted to the doctrine of the absolute unity of spirit "', a meditative ascetic BhP. iv, 25, 39

vi, 5, 40

`" possessing the %{kevala} (%{-jJAna}) "', an Arhat Jain.
केश (keśa) (keśa)
1 m. (%{kliz} Un2.

ifc. %{A} or %{I} Pa1n2. 4-1, 54) the hair of the head AV. VS. S3Br. &c.

the mane (of a horse or lion) MBh. i, 8008 S3ak. Sch.

a kind of perfume (%{hrIvera})

N. of a mineral VarBr2S. lxxvii, 23

N. of Varun2a

of Vishn2u

of a Daitya

of a locality Romakas.

(pl.) the tail (of the Bos grunniens) Pa1n2. 2-3, 36 Ka1s3. (v. l. %{vAla})

(%{I}) f. a lock of hair on the crown of the head

the Indigo plant

Carpopogon pruriens

another plant (%{bhUta-kezI})

N. of Durga1 L.
केशरिन् (keśarin) (keśarin)
or mfn. having a mane MBh. i, iii
केशव (keśava) (keśava)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 5-2, 109) having long or much or handsome hair AV. viii, 6, 23 S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.

m. N. of Vishn2u or Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. R. &c.

(hence) of the month Ma1rgas3i1rsha VarBr2S. cv, 14

Rottleria tinctoria

N. of the author of a lexicon called Kalpa-dru

of the author of the Dvaita-paris3isht2a

of the father of Govinda and Rucikara

of the father of Bra1hma and uncle of Mahes3vara

of the son of Vis3va-dhara and brother of Kari-na1tha

of the father of Vopa-deva. %{-zi}, &c. see 1. %{ke4za}.
केशिन् (keśin) (keśin)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 5-2, 109) having fine or long hair (said of Rudra [cf. %{kapardin}], of his female attendants, of female demons, and of men) AV. xi, 2, 18 (cf. RV. x, 136, 1 ff.) and 31

xii, 5, 48

xiv, 2, 59

having a mane (as Indra's and Agni's horses) RV.

having tips (as rays or flames) RV. i, 140, 8 and 151, 6

(%{I}) m. `" N. of Rudra "' (see before)

of Vishn2u

`" a horse "' (see before)

a lion

N. of an Asura slain by Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. &c.

of a son of Vasu-deva and Kaus3alya1 BhP. ix, 24, 47

(Pa1n2. 6-4, 165) N. of Da1rbhya or Da1lbhya

(%{inI}) f. N. of Durga1

(gana %{kurv-Adi}) N. of an Apsaras MBh. i, 2558

iii, 14562

of a Ra1kshasi1 Buddh.

of the daughter of the king of Vidarbha (wife of Sagara and mother of A-saman5jas) Hariv. 797 ff. R.

of the wife of A1jami1d2ha (Suhotra) and mother of Jahnu MBh. i, 3722 Hariv. 1416 and 1756

of the wife of Vis3ravas and mother of Ra1van2a and Kumbha-karn2a BhP. vii, 1, 43

of a servant of Damayanti1 Nal. xxii, 1

of the daughter of a Bra1hman Buddh.

Chrysopogon aciculatus

Nardostachys Jat2a1-ma1n6si1

(%{inI}) f. see %{kaizina4}

(%{i4nIs}), Ved. f. pl. `" the attendants of Rudra "' (see before)

`" N. of certain female demons "' (see before).
केसर (kesara) (kesara)
n. the hair (of the brow) VS. xix, 91

(in classical literature usually %{kezara}) m. or n. (?), the mane (of a horse or lion) R. S3ak. Pan5cat. &c.

(%{A}) f. id. Ka1tyS3r. (%{kes-})

(%{am}) n. the tail of the Bos grunniens (used as a fan for driving away flies)

(%{as}

%{am}) m. n. the filament of a lotus or of any vegetable R. Sus3r. S3ak. &c.

a fibre (as of a Mango fruit) Sus3r.

m. the plants Rottleria tinctoria, Mimusops Elengi, and Mesua ferrea MBh. xiii, 5042 R. Lalit. Kum. Megh. [311,1]

(%{am}) n. the flower of those plants

(%{as}, %{A}, %{am}) mf. n. Asa foetida

(%{am}) n. gold

sulphate of iron

N. of a metre (of 4 x 18 syllables)

m. N. of a mountain MBh. vi, 11, 23

[cf. Lat. {eoesaries}

Angl. Sax. {haer}

Eng. {hair}

Germ. {Haar}.]
केसरिन् (kesarin) (kesarin)
mfn. having a mane MBh. i, iii

(%{I}) m. a lion MBh. Sus3r. Bhartr2. &c.

a horse TBr. Sch.

N. of an aquatic bird Car. i, 27

the plant Rottleria tinctoria

the plant Mesua ferrea

a citron tree

a variety of Moringa with red flowers (= %{rakta-zigru})

N. of a monkey (husband of the mother of Hanumat) MBh. iii, 11193 R. Das3.

N. of a prince Lalit.

of a mountain VP.

(%{iNI}) f. a lioness Katha1s. lxx, 102.
कइकय (kaïkaya) (kaikaya)
m. the king of the Kekayas BhP. ix, 24, 37

(%{As}) m. pl. the sons of that king ib.

(= %{kek-}) the Kekayas MBh. Hariv. &c.

(%{I}) f. the daughter of a king of the Kekayas R.
कइटभ (kaïṭabha) (kaiṭabha)
m. N. of an Asura (slain by Vishn2u) MBh. iii Hariv. Sus3r. BhP. BrahmaP. &c.

(%{A}, or %{I}) f. N. of Durga1

(%{am}) n. N. of a class of writings DivyA7v. xxxiii (Pa1li %{keTubha}) VarYogay.
कइतव (kaïtava) (kaitava)
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kit-}), deceitful Hariv. 7095

m. patr. of Ulu1ka MBh. i, 7002

(%{I}) f. fraud, deceit Ba1lar.

(%{am}) n. the stake in a game MBh. ii, 2163 Nal. xxvi, 10

gambling

deceit, fraud, cheating, roguery R. v, 86, 19 Kum. Bhartr2. &c.

beryl L.
कइयट (kaïyaṭa) (kaiyaṭa)
m. N. of a son of Jaiyat2a (author of a Comm. on Pat.)
कइलास (kaïlāsa) (kailāsa)
m. N. of a mountain (fabulous residence of Kubera and paradise of S3iva

placed in the Hima7laya range and regarded as one of the loftiest peaks to the north of the Ma1nasa lake) MBh. iii, 503 & 1697 Hariv. R. iii, iv, 44, 27 VarBr2S. &c.

a particular form of temple VarBr2S.
कइवर्त (kaïvarta) (kaivarta)
m. (cf. %{kev-}) a fisherman (born of a prostitute by a Kshatriya or of an A1yogava female by a Nisha1da father) Mn. viii, 260

x, 34 MBh. R. &c.

(%{I}) f. the wife of a fisherman

the grass Cyperus rotundus L.
कइवल्य (kaïvalya) (kaivalya)
n. (fr. %{ke4vala}), isolation Va1m.

absolute unity Veda7ntas. BhP.

perfect isolation, abstraction, detachment from all other connections, detachment of the soul from matter or further transmigrations, beatitude MBh. KapS. Sa1m2khyak. &c.

for %{vaikalya} Ra1jat. vii, 1149

(mf(%{A})n.) leading to eternal happiness or emancipation MBh. xiii, 1101.
कोक (koka) (koka)
m. (onomat.) a wolf R. iii, 52, 45

v, 26, 9

`" a cuckoo "' see %{-yAtu} below

the ruddy goose MBh. xiii, 1816 VarBr2S. xii, lxxxvi Gi1t. Sa1h.

a frog

a small house-lizard

a kind of noxious parasitical animal AV. v, 23, 4

viii, 6, 2

the wild date tree

N. of Vishn2u

of an attendant in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2562 (?)

of a son of S3on2a S3Br. xiii

(%{A}) f. N. of a river (v.l. for %{kozA}) VP.

of a locality (= %{kokA7mukha}), Va1rP.

(%{I}) f. the female of the ruddy goose Kuval.
कोकिल (kokila) (kokila)
m. (onomat.

%{kuk} Un2.) the Kokila or Koi0l (black or Indian cuckoo [312,2]

frequently alluded to in Hindu1 poetry, its musical cry being supposed to inspire tender emotions) MBh. R. &c.

a kind of mouse Sus3r. Asht2a7n3g.

a kind of snake Gal.

a kind of venomous insect Sus3r.

a kind of sugar-cane (cf. %{-le7kSu}) Gal.

a lighted coal

N. of an author Bhojapr. S3u1dradh.

of a Ra1ja-putra (considered as a R2ishi), Ka1t2h Anukr.

of a mouse MBh. v, 5444

(%{A}) f. (g. %{ajA7di}) the female of a Kokila Kum. Ragh. Bhartr2.
कोङ्कण (koṅkaṇa) (koṅkaṇa)
%{As} m. pl.N. of a people on the western shore of the Dekhan MBh. vi, 9, 60 VarBr2S. xiv, 12 Das3. Ra1jat. iv, 159

(%{A}) f. a Kon3kan2a woman W.

N. of the mother of Paras3uRa1ma

(%{am}) n. a kind of weapon
कोटि (koṭi) (koṭi)
f. the curved end of a bow or of claws, &c., end or top of anything, edge or point (of a sword), horns or cusps (of the moon) MBh. &c.

the highest point, eminence, excellence Pan5cat. Ratna7v. Sarvad.

`" a point or side in an argument or disputation "', (if there are two) `" alternative "' see %{-dvaya} below

the highest number in the older system of numbers (viz. a Krore or ten millions) Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

the complement of an arc to 90 degrees

the perpendicular side of a right-angled triangle Su1ryas.

Medicago esculenta L.
कोटर (koṭara) (koṭara)
[%{as} m. L.] n. (Pa1n2. 6-3, 117

viii, 4, 4

g. %{azmA7di}) the hollow of a tree MBh. S3ak. Ma1lav. &c.

cave, cavity BhP. x Ma1rkP. Ra1jat. v, 439 S3a1rn3gP.

Alangium decapetalum

N. of a man

(%{A}) f. Ipomoea Turpethum Car. vii, 7

N. of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, (2632 and ) 2635

of the mother of Ba1n2a BhP. x, 63, 20

(%{I}) f. a naked woman

N. of Durga1 L.
कोटिक (koṭika) (koṭika)
m. (scil. %{maNDUka}) a kind of frog Sus3r.

an insect (coccinella of various kinds)

N. of the son of a prince MBh. iii, 15586

(%{A}) f. `" lowest end of anything "', the vilest of (in comp.) Pan5cat.

the plant Trigonella corniculata Bhpr.
कोटिकास्य (koṭikāsya) (koṭikāsya)
m. N. of a son of king Su-ratha MBh. iii, 15582 ff.
कोटिजीवा (koṭijīvā) (koṭijīvā)
f. the cosine of an angle in a right-angled triangle.
कोण (koṇa) (koṇa)
m. a corner, angle Pan5cat. Das3. Ra1matUp. Katha1s.

an intermediate point of the compass VarBr2S.

(hence) the number, `" four "' Hcat.

the quill of a lute, fiddle-stick, drum-stick, &c. R. ii, 71, 26 & 81, 2 Ka1d.

a sort of musical instrument, stringed musical instrument

the sharp edge of a sword W.

a staff, club Hcar.

the planet Saturn (fr. $) A1ryabh. VarBr2.

the planet Mars L.
कोणार्क (koṇārka) (koṇārka)
n. N. of a place sacred to Purusho7ttama.
कोद्रव (kodrava) (kodrava)
m. a species of grain eaten by the poor (Paspalum scrobiculatum) MBh. xiii, 4363 Sus3r. Bhartr2. Ka1tyS3r. Paddh. and Sch.
कोप (kopa) (kopa)
m. (%{kup}) morbid irritation or disorder of the humors of the body Sus3r. [313,2]

fury (of fire, arms, war, &c.) VarBr2S. VarBr2.

passion, wrath, anger, rage (with loc. gen., %{prati}, or %{upari}, or ifc.) Mn. iii, 230 & viii, 280 MBh. &c. (rarely pl. Hit.

ifc. f. %{A} Ma1lav.

%{sa-kopa}, `" enraged "' Pan5cat.

%{sa-kopam}, `" angrily "' Pan5cat. Hit.)

the state of being in contradiction with, incompatibleness with Ba1dar. ii, 1, 26.
कोपक (kopaka) (kopaka)
mfn. inclined to feel angry Mcar.
कोपिन् (kopin) (kopin)
mfn. angry, passionate (with loc.) R. iii, 16, 29 Gi1t. x, 3

(ifc.) irritating, stirring up, Sus3r

(%{I}) m. the water-pigeon (%{jala-pArAvata}) L.
कोमल (komala) (komala)
mf(%{A})n. (fr. %{ko} = %{ku}, %{mala} fr. %{mlai}, `" easily fading away "' ?), tender, soft (opposed to %{karkaza}), bland, sweet, pleasing, charming, agreeable R. Mr2icch. Sus3r. S3ak. &c. (said of the style, %{rIti} Kpr.)

(%{A}) f. a kind of date

(%{am}) n. water

silk Gal.

nutmeg ib.

(for %{kosala} Hariv. 12832 Va1yuP.)
कोरक (koraka) (koraka)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. (g. %{tArakA7di}) a bud R. ii, 59, 8 Sus3r. S3ak.

(ifc. Bha1sha1p. Gi1t. xii, 14)

the fibres of the stalk of a lotus

a species of perfume (commonly Cor, %{cora})

another perfume (a berry containing a resinous and fragrant substance = %{kakkolaka})
कोल (kola) (kola)
m. (%{jvalA7di}), a hog (cf. %{kroDa}) Ya1jn5. iii, 273 Vop.

a raft DivyA7v. iii

the breast, haunch, hip or flank, lap (cf. %{kroDa})

an embrace, embracing

a kind of weapon

N. of a plant (= %{citra}, %{citraka})

the planet Saturn

N. of S3iva Gal.

N. of a son of A1kri1d2a Hariv. 1836

N. of a degraded warrior-tribe (outcast, one degraded by Sagara from the military order) Hariv. (v.l. %{koli-sarpa} q.v.)

a man of a mixed caste BrahmaP.

a barbarian, Kol, of a tribe inhabiting the hills in central India W.

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. the weight of one Tola (= 2 %{TaGka} [or %{zANa} Asht2a7n3g.] = 1/2 %{karSa} S3a1rn3gS.)

(%{A}) f. Piper longum

Piper Chaba

(%{a}, %{I}) f. the jujube tree

(%{am}) n. the fruit of the jujube (cf. %{kuvala}) ChUp. vii, 3, 1 Lalit. Sus3r.

black pepper

the grain of Piper Chaba L.
कोलाहल (kolāhala) (kolāhala)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. (onomat.) a loud and confused sound, uproar, great and indistinct noise (of men, animals, &c.) R. iii, vi Pan5cat. Das3. Ma1rkP. &c.

(%{as}, %{A}) mf. (in music) a kind of Ra1ga

m. N. of a prince VP.

of a personified mountain MBh. i, 2367 f.
कोविद (kovida) (kovida)
mf(%{A})n. (%{vid}) experienced, skilled, learned in (loc. gen., or ifc. e.g. %{azveSu}, or %{azvAnAm} or %{azva-kovida}, `" skilled in horses "') Mn. vii, 26 MBh. R. &c.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of the Kshatriyas in Kus3a-dvi1pa BhP. v, 20, 16.
कोश (kośa) (kośa)
m. (n.

in class. literature %{koza}, or %{koSa}

fr. %{kuz} or %{kuS}?, related to %{kukSi4} and %{koSTha}?), a cask, vessel for holding liquids, (metaphorically) cloudSus3r.

a pail, bucket RV.

a drinking-vessel, cup

a box, cupboard, drawer, trunk RV. vi, 47, 23 AV. xix, 72, 1 S3Br.

the interior or inner part of a carriage RV.

(ifc.) MBh. viii, 1733

a sheath, scabbard, &c. MBh. R. VarBr2S.

a case, covering, cover AV. ChUp. Mun2d2Up. TUp. Pa1rGr2. BhP.

store-room, store, provisions Mn. MBh. &c.

a treasury, apartment where money or plate is kept, treasure, accumulated wealth (gold or silver, wrought or unwrought, as plate, jewellery, &c.) ib.

(in surg.) a kind of bandage Sus3r.

a dictionary, lexicon or vocabulary

a poetical collection, collection of sentences &c. Ka1vya7d. i, 13 Sa1h.

a bud, flower-cup, seed-vessel (cf. %{bIja-}) R. Ragh. BhP. Dhu1rtas.

the sheath or integument of a plant, pod, nut-shell Ma1rkP.

a nutmeg

the inner part of the fruit of Artocarpus integrifolia and of similar fruits

the cocoon of a silk-worm Ya1jn5. iii, 147 Veda7ntas.

the membrane covering an egg (in the womb) Sus3r. VarBr2. Ma1rkP.

the vulva

a testicle or the scrotum Sus3r. VarBr2S.

the penis W.

an egg

(in Veda7nta phil.) a term for the three sheaths or succession of cases which make up the various frames of the body enveloping the soul (these are, 1. the %{Ananda-maya@k-} or `" sheath of pleasure "', forming the %{kAraNa-zarIra} or `" causal frame "'

2. the %{vijJAna-maya} or %{buddhi-m-} or %{mano-m-} or %{prA7Na-m-@k-}, `" the sheath of intellect or will or life "', forming the %{sUkSma-zarIra} or `" subtile frame "'

3. the %{anna-m-@k-}, `" the sheath of nourishment "', forming the %{sthUla-zarIra} or `" gross frame "') Veda7ntas.

(ifc.) a ball or globe (e.g. %{sUtra-}, a ball of thread

%{netra-}, the eye-ball R. iii, 79, 28)

the water used at an ordeal or judicial trial (the defendant drinks thrice of it after some idol has been washed in it) Ya1jn5. ii, 95

an oath Ra1jat. v, 325

a cup used in the ratification of a treaty of peace (%{-zaM-pA}, to drink from that cup) Ra1jat. vii, 8

75

460 and 493

viii, 283

N. of a conjunction of planets VarBr2S.

of the 2nd astrological mansion, Var Yogay.

(with Buddh.) of a collection of Ga1tha1 verses Ka1ran2d2. Hcar.

(%{A}) f. N. of a river MBh. vi, 9, 34

of a courtesan HParis3. viii, 8

(%{I}) f. `" a bud "' see %{arka-}

a seedvessel

the beard of corn

a shoe, sandal

a kind of perfume Gal.

an iron ploughshare ib.

[cf. %{ko4kkos}.]
कोशक (kośaka) (kośaka)
m. an egg, testicle

(%{ikA}) f. a drinking-vessel

(%{am}) n. case, receptacle of (in comp.) Ma1rkP. xi, 5.
कोष्ठ (koṣṭha) (koṣṭha)
m. (%{kuS}?

probably related to %{kukSi4} and %{ko4za}), any one of the viscera of the body (particularly the stomach, abdomen) MBh. Sus3r. &c. [314,3]

(%{as}

%{am}) m. n. a granary, store-room MBh. BhP. (ifc. f. %{A})

a treasury W.

m. an inner apartment

the shell of anything W.

a kind of pan, pot Kaus3. Pat. Car. Bhpr.

property (or mfn. `" own "')

night

(%{am}) n. a surrounding wall BhP. iv, 28, 57

any enclosed space or area, chess square VarBr2S. liii, 42 Hcat. Tithya1d. Ka1tyS3r. Sch.
कोष्ठक (koṣṭhaka) (koṣṭhaka)
%{as} or %{am} m. or n. a receptacle for (in comp.) Car.

`" a granary, store-room "' see %{annak-}

(%{ikA}) f. a kind of vessel, pan Bhpr.

(%{am}) n. a treasury W.

a surrounding wall (ifc.) BhP. iv, 28, 56

a surrounded field, quarter VarBr2S. AgP. Hcat. (ifc. f. %{A})

a brick trough for watering cattle W.

N. of a town Buddh. (DivyA7v. xxix).
कोसल (kosala) (kosala)
%{As} m. pl. (in later texts generally, spelt %{kozala})N. of a country and the warrior-tribe inhabiting it (descendants of Ma1thavya Videgha S3Br. i) Pa1n2. 4-1, 171 MBh. &c. (%{kozalAnAM} [v.l. %{kauzal-} R. vi, 86, 43] %{nakSatra}N. of a lunar mansion R. (ed. Bomb.) vi, 103, 35)

m. N. of the country of Kosala R. i, 5, 5

N. of the capital of that country or Ayodhya1 (the modern Oude)

(%{A}) f. id. MBh. Nal. Ragh. (ed. Calc.) i, 35, &c.
कउङ्कुम (kaüṅkuma) (kauṅkuma)
mf(%{I})n. consisting of saffron (%{kuGkuma}) Hcat.

dyed with saffron Hariv. 7072

of saffron colour Viddh.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of sixty particular Ketus VarBr2S. xi, 21.
कउट (kaüṭa) (kauṭa)
1 mfn. (fr. %{kuTi}), living in one's own house, independent, free Pa1n2. 5-4, 95

m. (= %{kuTa-ja}) Wrightia antidysenterica Bhpr. i, 206.2 mfn. (fr. %{kU4Ta}), fraudulent, dishonest

snared, wired W.

(%{am}) n. fraud, falsehood W.
कउटिल्य (kaüṭilya) (kauṭilya)
m. (fr. %{kuTila})N. of Ca1n2akya Das3. Mudr.

N. of a grammarian (?) Hemac. Mallin. on Kum. vi, 37 and on R2agh. iii f. xv and xvii f.

(%{am}) n. crookedness, curvature, curliness of the hair Pa1n2. 3-1, 23 Pan5cat.

falsehood, dishonesty Pan5cat. Ra1jat.

a kind of horse-radish L.
कउतुक (kaütuka) (kautuka)
n. (fr. %{kut-}

g. %{yuvA7di}), curiosity, interest in anything, vehement desire for (loc. or in comp.), eagerness, vehemence impatience Pan5cat. Katha1s. (ifc. f. %{A}) &c.

anything causing curiosity or admiration or interest, any singular or surprising object, wonder Pan5cat. Katha1s. Vet.

festivity, gaiety, festival, show, solemn ceremony (esp. the ceremony with the marriage-thread or necklace preceding a marriage) Kum. Das3. Bhartr2. BhP. &c.

the marriage-thread or necklace Katha1s. li, 223

pleasure, happiness, prosperity BhP. i, 17, 26

N. of nine particular substances Hcat. i, 110, 19

ii, 49, 10

sport, pastime

public diversion

song, dance, show, spectacle

season of enjoyment

kind or friendly greeting, civility

(%{At}) abl. ind. out of curiosity or interest Katha1s. Hit.

for amusement, as a relaxation W.
कउत्स (kaütsa) (kautsa)
mfn. relating to Kutsa RPra1t.

m. patr. of a teacher S3Br. x A1s3vS3r. Nir. &c.

of Durmitra and Sumitra RAnukr.

of a pupil of Vara-tantu Ragh. v, 1

of a son-in-law of Bhagi1-ratha MBh. xiii, 6270

of Jaimini MBh. i, 2046

N. of a degraded family (see %{kuts}) Ka1tyS3r.

(%{I}) f. `" a female descendant of Kutsa "' see %{kau4tsI-pu4tra}

(%{am}) n. N. of a Su7kta (composed by Kutsa) Mn. xi, 249

of different Sa1mans A1rshBr. La1t2y.
कउन्तेय (kaünteya) (kaunteya)
m. metron. fr. Kunti1N. of Yudhisht2hira, Bhi1ma-sena, and Arjuna MBh. iii, 19 Nal. Hit.

the tree Terminalia Arjuna
कउप (kaüpa) (kaupa)
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kUpa}), coming from a well or cistern Sus3r. Sa1h.

(%{am}) n. well-water W.
कउपीन (kaüpīna) (kaupīna)
n. the pudenda, privities MBh. BhP. Pan5cat. Katha1s.

a small piece of cloth worn over the privities by poor persons Pan5cat. Das3. Bhartr2.

(= %{a-kArya} Pa1n2. 5-2, 20) a wrong or improper act, sin MBh. v, 2684

(xiii, 2491.) see %{kaupa}.
कउमार (kaümāra) (kaumāra)
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kumAra4}, or %{-rI} Pa1n2. 4-2, 13), juvenile, youthful, belonging to a youth or young girl, maiden, maidenly, (%{kau4mAra@loka4}, the youths and girls AV. xii, 3, 47

%{kaumArI@bhAryA} [Pat. and Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 13], `" a virgin wife, one who has not had a husband previously "' R.

%{kaumAra@pati} [Ka1s3.

or %{-ra@bhartR} Pat. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 13], `" a man who marries a virgin "' Katha1s. cxxvii, 55

%{kaumAra@vrata}, a vow of abstinence MBh.)

soft, tender W.

relating to the god of war, belonging or peculiar to him, relating to Sanat-kuma1ra MBh. BhP. Katha1s. ii, 76 Para1s3. Madhus.

m. the son of a maiden

N. of a mountain (cf. %{-parvata}) MBh. vi, 426

(%{As}) m. pl. the followers of Kuma1ra's grammar, Praud2h.

(%{I}) f. one of the seven Ma1tr2is or personified energies of the gods, S3akti of Kuma1ra or Ka1rttikeya (the god of war) BrahmaP. [316,3] Devi1bhP.

a kind of bulbous root ( = %{vArAhI-kanda})

(in music) N. of a Ra1gin2i1

(%{am}) n. childhood, youth (from birth to the age of five), maidenhood (to the age of sixteen) Mn. ix, 3 MBh. R. &c.

(ifc. f. %{A}) Katha1s.
कउमुद (kaümuda) (kaumuda)
m. patr. fr. Kumuda A1rshBr.

the month Ka1rttika (October-November) MBh. xiii

(%{I}) f. moonlight, moonshine (from its causing the Kumudas to blossom

also Moonlight personified as the wife of Candra or the moon) Ragh. Kum. Bhartr2. &c.

elucidation (the word Kaumudi1 being metaphorically used like other words of similar import [cf. %{candrikA}] at the end of grammatical commentaries and other explanatory works to imply that the book so designated throws much light on the subject of which it treats e.g. %{padA7rtha-k-}, %{prakriyA-k-}, %{laghu-k-}, %{vaiSamya-k-}, %{siddhA7nta-k-})

the day of full moon in the month Ka1rttika (sacred to Ka1rttikeya), festival in honour of Ka1rttikeya held on that day MBh. i, 7648

xiii, 6132 PSarv.

the day of full moon in the month A1s3vina

a festival in general

(= %{kumud-vatI}) the water-lily (Nymphaea esculenta) BhP. x, 65, 18

a metre (of 2 X 24 syllables)

N. of a river S3am2kar.

(%{am}) n. (with %{vrata}) N. of a particular observance AgP.
कउमोदकी (kaümodakī) (kaumodakī)
f. (fr. %{ku-modaka}?)N. of the club of Vishn2u or Kr2ishn2a (given to him by Varun2a) MBh. i, 8200 Hariv. BhP. &c.
कउरव (kaürava) (kaurava)
mf(%{I})n. (= %{-vaka} Pa1n2. 4-2, 130

g. %{utsA7di} and %{kacchA7di}) relating or belonging to the Kurus MBh. VarBr2S.

(%{kSetra} = %{kuru-kS-}) Megh.

m. patr. fr. Kuru, descendant of Kuru (generally used in pl.) MBh. Hariv. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} MBh. i, 7961)

(%{I}) f. Trigonella foenum graecum Gal.
कउरव्य (kaüravya) (kauravya)
m. (gan2as %{tikA7di} and %{bhargA7di}) patr. fr. Kuru, descendant of Kuru AV. xx, 127, 8 (%{kau4ravya}) S3Br. xii S3a1n3khS3r. MBh. &c.

N. of a Na1ga (father of Ulu1pi) MBh. i

(%{As}) m. pl. = %{pANDavAs} MBh.

N. of a people MBh. vi, 362.
कउर्म (kaürma) (kaurma)
mfn. (fr. %{kUrma}), relating or belonging or peculiar to a tortoise Pan5cat.

m. (scil. %{avatAra}) the Avata1ra of Vishn2u as a tortoise BhP. xi, 4, 18

N. of a great period or Kalpa (the day of full moon of Brahma1)

(%{am}) n. (scil. %{Asana}) a particular manner of being seated, Na1rP.

(scil. %{purANa}) N. of a Pura1n2a (on the subject of Vishn2u's descent as a tortoise) Sarvad.
कउल (kaüla) (kaula)
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{ku4la}), relating or belonging to a family, extending over a whole family or race R. iv, 28, 9

heritable in a family BhP. xii, 3, 36

sprung from a noble family

belonging or particular to the Kaulas Kula7rn2.

m. a worshipper of S3akti accord. to the left-hand ritual ib.

a kind of weight (%{kola}) Gal.

(%{I}) f. noble descent, Var Yogay.

(%{am}) n. the doctrine and practices of the left-hand S3a1ktas Kula7rn2.
कउलव (kaülava) (kaulava)
m. id. Kosht2hi1pr.
कउलिक (kaülika) (kaulika)
mfn. belonging to a family or race, ancestral, customary or heritable in a family W.

m. a weaver VarBr2S. lxxxvii, 20 Pan5cat.

a follower of the left-hand S3a1kta ritual Kula7rn2. Tantras.

(hence) a hereticsee %{kaula}.
कउश (kaüśa) (kauśa)
mf(%{I})n. made of Kus3a grass S3Br. v Ka1tyS3r. S3a1n3khS3r. MBh.

m. = %{kuza-dvIpa} VP.

(%{am}) n. (scil. %{nagara}) `" the town of Kus3a "'N. of Ka1nyakubja L.
कउश (kaüśa) (kauśa)
mf(%{I})n. made of Kus3a grass S3Br. v Ka1tyS3r. S3a1n3khS3r. MBh.

m. = %{kuza-dvIpa} VP.

(%{am}) n. (scil. %{nagara}) `" the town of Kus3a "'N. of Ka1nyakubja L.
कउशल (kaüśala) (kauśala)
n. (fr. %{kuz-}

g. %{yuvA7di}) well-being, welfare, good fortune, prosperity MBh. iv, 486 BhP.

skilfulness, cleverness, experience (with loc. or ifc.) Sus3r. Mr2icch. Pan5cat. &c.

(%{I}) f. friendly inquiry, greeting, salutation

a respectful present, Nazr

(see also %{kausala}.)
कउशल्य (kaüśalya) (kauśalya)
m. a kind of pavilion Va1stuv.

(%{am}) n. (g. %{brAhmaNA7di}) welfare, well-being, prosperity MBh. R.

cleverness, skilfulness, experience (ifc.) SaddhP. Bhpr.

(%{A}) f. see %{kausalya}.
कउशिक (kaüśika) (kauśika)
1 mfn. (fr. %{kuzA} or %{kuzI4}), `" having paws "', an owl Sus3r. VarBr2S. Pan5cat. &c.

an ichneumon

(mfn.) coming from an owl Sus3r.2 mfn. forming a receptacle (as a wound

see %{koza-vat}) Bhpr. vi, 35 (v.l. %{kauSThika})

sheathed (a sword) MBh. iii, 11461

silken MBh. iii

m. one who is versed in dictionaries

a lexicographer

one who catches snakes

the fragrant substance bdellium

marrow

a kind of seed

(%{A}) f. a drinking-vessel (v.l. %{kozikA})

(%{I}) f. N. of a goddess sprung from the body of Pa1rvati1 Ma1rkP. lxxxv, 40 Ka1lP. Devi1P.

(%{am}) n. silk, silk cloth Ya1jn5. i, 186 MBh. xiii, 5502

a silk garment BhP. x, 83, 28.
कउशिक (kaüśika) (kauśika)
1 mfn. (fr. %{kuzA} or %{kuzI4}), `" having paws "', an owl Sus3r. VarBr2S. Pan5cat. &c.

an ichneumon

(mfn.) coming from an owl Sus3r.2 mfn. forming a receptacle (as a wound

see %{koza-vat}) Bhpr. vi, 35 (v.l. %{kauSThika})

sheathed (a sword) MBh. iii, 11461

silken MBh. iii

m. one who is versed in dictionaries

a lexicographer

one who catches snakes

the fragrant substance bdellium

marrow

a kind of seed

(%{A}) f. a drinking-vessel (v.l. %{kozikA})

(%{I}) f. N. of a goddess sprung from the body of Pa1rvati1 Ma1rkP. lxxxv, 40 Ka1lP. Devi1P.

(%{am}) n. silk, silk cloth Ya1jn5. i, 186 MBh. xiii, 5502

a silk garment BhP. x, 83, 28.
कउशेय (kaüśeya) (kauśeya)
mfn. silken MBh. &c.

(%{am}) n. silk, silk cloth, silk petticoat or trowsers, a woman's lower garments of silk Pa1n2. 4-3, 42 Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

N. of a locality Romakas. %{-yaka} see 2. %{kauza}.
कउषीतकि (kaüṣītaki) (kauṣītaki)
m. (Pa1n2. 4-1, 124 Ka1s3.) patr. fr. %{kuSI4taka} S3Br. ii Ta1n2d2yaBr. xvii (pl.) S3a1n3khS3r. ChUp. Pravar.
कउसल (kaüsala) (kausala)
(often spelt %{kauzala}) mfn. belonging to the Kosalas (a country) DivyA7v. vii, xii

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people VarBr2S. x, 14 Romakas. SS3am2kar.

of a dynasty BhP. xii, 1, 33

v.l. for %{kos-} q.v.

(%{A}) f. N. of one of Kr2ishn2a's wives, x, 83, 6

(%{I}) f. N. of one of Vasu-deva's wives VP.
कउसल्य (kaüsalya) (kausalya)
mfn. (often spelt %{kauz-}) belonging to the people of the Kosalas

m. (Pa1n2. 4-1, 171) a prince of the Kosalas S3Br. xiii S3a1n3khS3r. Pras3nUp. Hariv. &c.

(%{A}) f. `" daughter of a prince of the Kosalas "'N. of the wife of Pu1ru and mother of Janam-ejaya MBh. i, 3764

of the wife of Satvat Hariv. 1999

of Das3a-ratha's wife (mother of Ra1ma-candra) MBh. iii, 15879 R.

of the mother of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra

of the mother of Pa1n2d2u
कउस्तुभ (kaüstubha) (kaustubha)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. (cf. %{kust-})N. of a celebrated jewel (obtained with thirteen other precious things at the churning of the ocean and suspended on the breast of Kr2ishn2a or Vishn2u) MBh. Hariv. R. &c.

m. a manner of joining the fingers Tantras.

= %{kiMtughna} AV. Jyot.

(%{am}) n. a kind of oil (%{sarSapo7dbhava}) Ka1tyS3r. i, 8, 37 Sch.

N. of wk.
क्रतु (kratu) (kratu)
m. (1. %{kR}, or 2. %{kR}), plan, design, intention, resolution, determination, purpose RV. VS. S3Br. Br2A1rUp.

desire, will (instr. %{kra4tvA}, willingly, readily RV.

%{e4kena@kra4tunA}, through the mere will RV. ii, 13, 11)

power, ability RV.

deliberation, consultation RV. VS.

intelligence, understanding (e.g. %{bhadra4@kra4tu}, right judgment, good understanding

also in conjunction or in comp. or ifc. with %{da4kSa} see %{kra4tu-da4kSau} and %{dakSakratU4}) RV. VS. TS. S3Br.

inspiration, enlightenment RV.

a sacrificial rite or ceremony, sacrifice (as the As3va-medha sacrifice), offering, worship (also personified R. vii, 90, 9) AitBr. S3Br. xi A1s3vS3r. &c.

Kratu as intelligence personified (as a son of Brahma1 and one of the Praja1-patis or the seven or ten principal R2ishis Mn. i, 35 MBh. i, 2518 & 2568 Hariv. &c.

[N. of a star] VarBr2S.

married to Kriya1 and father of 60,000 Va1likhilyas BhP. iv, 1, 39

husband of Haya-s3ira1, vi, 6, 33)

N. of one of the Vis3ve-deva1s VP.

of a son of Kr2ishn2a BhP. x, 61, 12

of a son of U1ru and A1gneyi1 Hariv. 73

of the author of a Dharma-s3a1stra Para1s3. S3u1dradh.

(%{us}) m. or f. (?)N. of a river in Plaksha-dvi1pa (v.l. %{kramu}) VP.

[cf. %{a-}, %{a4dbhuta-}, %{abhi4-}, &c.

cf. also $.]
क्रम (krama) (krama)
m. a step AV. x, 5, 25 ff. TS. iii MBh. &c.

going, proceeding, course (cf. %{kAla-k-}) Mr2icch. Pan5cat. Ma1lati1m. Hit.

the way R. ii, 25, 2

a position taken (by an animal &c.) before making a spring or attacking Pan5cat. Bhat2t2. ii, 9

the foot MBh. iii, 14316

uninterrupted or regular progress, order, series, regular arrangement, succession (e.g. %{varNa-krameNa}, `" in the order of the castes "' Mn. viii, 24 and ix, 85) AV. viii, 9, 10 RPra1t. xv, 5 Ka1tyS3r. R. &c.

hereditary descent Ya1jn5. ii, 119

method, manner (e.g. %{yena@krameNa}, in which manner R. ii, 26, 20

%{tad-anusaraNa-krameNa}, so as to go on following him Hit.)

diet Car. vi, 13

custom, rule sanctioned by tradition Ma1rkP. xxiii, 112

(%{kramaM} 1. %{kR}, `" to follow that rule "') Nya1yam.

occasion, cause (with gen. or ifc.) Katha1s. xviii, 380 Hit.

`" progressing step by step "', a peculiar manner or method of reading and writing Vedic texts (so called because the reading proceeds from the 1st member, either word or letter, to the 2nd, then the 2nd is repeated and connected with the 3rd, the 3rd repeated and connected with the 4 h, and so on

this manner of reading in relation to words is called %{pada-} [TPra1t. ii, 12], in relation to conjunct consonants %{varNa-} [ib.]) Pra1t.

the words or letters themselves when combined or arranged in the said manner ib.

(in dram.) attainment of the object desired (or accord. to others `" noticing of any one's affection "') Das3ar. i, 36 f. Sa1h. Prata1par.

(in rhet.) a kind of simile (in which the comparisons exhibited correspond to each other in regular succession) Va1m. iv, 3, 17

power, strength

(%{eNa}, %{At}) instr. abl. ind. in regular course, gradually, by degrees R. Pan5cat. Ragh. &c.

according to order or rank or series Mn. Ragh. &c.
क्रमेल (kramela) (kramela)
m. (borrowed fr. Gk. $) the camel, &99230[320,2]
क्रमेलक (kramelaka) (kramelaka)
m. id. Pan5cat. Naish. vi S3a1rn3gP.
क्रय्य (krayya) (krayya)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 6-1, 82) exhibited for sale, purchasable S3Br. iii, 3, 3, 1 Ka1tyS3r. vii, 8, 2f.

xix.
क्रविस् (kravis) (kravis)
%{is} n. raw flesh, carrion, i, 162, 9 and 10

x, 87, 16 AV.viii, 6, 23

[cf. Gk. $

Lat. {cruor}, &99247[320,2] {cruentus}, {cru1dus}, {caro}

Lith. {krauja-s}, `" blood "'

Russ. {krovj}

Hib. {cru}

Old Germ. {hreo}.]
क्रव्य (kravya) (kravya)
mfn. = %{krUra4} TS. v

m. perhaps = %{agni@kravyA7d} (q.v.) S3a1n3khS3r.

(%{am}) n. (Nir.) raw flesh, carrion BhP. Katha1s.
क्रव्याद् (kravyād) (kravyād)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 69) consuming flesh or corpses (as the fire of the funeral pile or Agni in one of his terrible forms) RV. x, 16, 9 and 10

87, 5 VS. i, 17 AV. S3Br. Kaus3.

(said of a Ya1tu-dha1na and other evil beings, imps, and goblins) RV. &c.

carnivorous Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh.

(%{t}) m. a carnivorous animal, beast of prey Katha1s.

N. of a Rakshas W.
क्रान्त (krānta) (krānta)
mfn. gone, gone over or across

spread, extended

attacking, invading, gone to or against

overcome (as by astonishment) Ragh. xiv, 17

surpassed

m. a horse

(in astron.) declination W.

(%{A}) f. N. of a plant (a kind of Solanum)

a species of the Atyasht2i metre

(%{am}) n. a step (%{viSNoH@krAnta}, `" the step of Vishn2u "', N. of a ceremony S3Br. xiii

cf. %{viSNu-krama}) S3Br. Mn. xii, 121

(in astron.) a certain aspect when the moon is in conjunction with a planet. %{krAnti}, &c. see %{kram}.
क्रान्ति (krānti) (krānti)
f. going, proceeding, step

overcoming, surpassing W.

attacking

declination of a planet Su1ryas. i, 68

ii, 28 and 58 ff.

the sun's course (ifc.) HParis3. vii, 3

the sun's course on the globe, ecliptic.
क्रियमाण (kriyamāṇa) (kriyamāṇa)
mfn. (pr. Pass. p.) being done &c. mfn. Pass. p. 1. %{kR} q.v.
क्रिया (kriyā) (kriyā)
f. (Pa1n2. 3-3, 100), doing, performing, performance, occupation with (in comp.), business, act, action, undertaking, activity, work, labour. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. Ya1jn5. &c.

bodily action, exercise of the limbs

(in Gr.) action (as the general idea expressed by any verb), verb Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 1-3, 1 &c. (according to later grammarians a verb is of two kinds, %{sakarma-kriyA}, `" active "', and %{akarma-k-}, `" intransitive "')

a noun of action W.

a literary work Vikr.

medical treatment or practice, applying a remedy, cure (see %{sama-kriya-tva} and %{viSama-k-}) Sus3r.

a religious rite or ceremony, sacrificial act, sacrifice Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

with %{caramA}, `" the last ceremony "', rites performed immediately after death, obsequies, purificatory rites (as ablution &c.) MBh. iv, 834 R. vi, 96, 10

religious action, worship BhP. vii, 14, 39 Ra1matUp.

Religious Action (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma MBh. i, 2578 Hariv. 12452 BhP.

or as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Kratu BhP.)

judicial investigation (by human means, as by witnesses, documents, &c., or by superhuman means, as by various ordeals) Comm. on Ya1jn5.

atonement

disquisition

study

means, expedient L.
क्रीडन (krīḍana) (krīḍana)
m. `" playing "'N. of the wind Gal.

(%{am}.) n. playing, play, sporting, &c. R. BhP. Hit.
क्रीडा (krīḍā) (krīḍā)
(f. of %{-Da4} q.v.)
क्रीत (krīta) (krīta)
mfn. bought, purchased S3Br. Mn. &c.

purchased from his natural parents (as a son

one of the twelve kinds of sons acknowledged by the ancient Hindu1 law) Mn. ix, 160

won by (instr.) S3ak. iii (v.l.)

ifc. (with the purchase-price

f. %{I}) Pa1n2. 4-1, 50

vi, 2, 151

(f. also %{A}) Siddh.

(%{a4s}) m. N. of a man MaitrS. iv, 2, 6

(%{As}) m. pl. a sort of despised caste W.

(%{am}) n. a bargain Comm. on Ya1jn5. ii, 6. &c. see %{krI}.
क्रुञ्च् (kruñc) (kruñc)
1 (Pa1n2. 3-2, 59) cl. 1. P. %{kruJcati}, `" to curve or make crooked "' or `" to be crooked, move crookedly "' Dha1tup. vii, 4

`" to become small, shrink "', or `" to make small, lessen "' ib.

to go towards, approach Vop.
क्रुध् (krudh) (krudh)
1 cl. 4. P. %{kru4dhyati} (ep. rarely A1. %{-te} MBh. i, 59, 21

(see also %{krudhyamAna})

perf. %{cukrodha} S3Br. MBh. &c.

fut. 2nd %{krotsyati} Pa1n2. 8-2, 37 Ka1s3.

fut. 1st %{kroddhA} Pa1n2. 7-2, 10 Siddh.

aor. Subj. 2. sg. %{krudhas} AV. MBh.

inf. %{kroddhum} Nal.), to become angry, be wrathful or angry with (dat. [Pa1n2. 1-4, 37] or gen.), on account of (loc.): Caus. %{krodha4yati} (aor. %{a4cukrudhat} RV. v, 34, 7

Subj. 1. sg. %{cukrudham}, 1. pl. %{-dhAma}), to make angry, provoke, irritateR. (inf. %{krodhayitum})

[cf. Lith. {rus-tus}, `" angry "'

{rus-tybe7} `" anger "'

Gk. $ Germ. &99735[322,1] {groll}

Hib. {corruidhe}, anger, wrath, motion "'

{corruigh}, `" fury, resentment. "'] 2 %{t} f. anger, wrath Katha1s. lxxvi, 18 (instr. %{-dhA}, in a passion "')

(%{dhas}) f. pl. anger Ra1jat. iii, 514 (516 ed. Calc.)
क्रूर (krūra) (krūra)
mf(%{A4})n. (fr. %{kravi4-s} cf. %{sthUra4} and %{stha4vira}), wounded, hurt, sore S3Br.

`" bloody, raw "', cruel, fierce, ferocious, pitiless, harsh, formidable AV. TS. vi Mn. &c.

inauspicious (as opposed to %{saumya} and %{a-krUra}, said of the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and eleventh signs of the zodiac, which are supposed to have a malignant influence Jyot.

said of planets VarBr2S.)

hard, solid Sus3r. S3ak. Pan5cat.

strong (as a bow, opposed to %{manda}) Na1r.

hot, sharp, disagreeable

(%{am}) ind. in a formidable manner MBh. iii, 15669

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. boiled rice (cf. %{kUra})

m. a hawk

a heron

red oleander (= %{rakta-karavIra})

(%{A}) f. a variety of Punarnava1 with red blossoms

(%{a4m}) n. a wound, sore AV. VS. TS. S3Br.

blood-shedding, slaughter, cruelty, any horrible deed, harshness AV. AitBr. i, 26 Mn. i, 29 &c.

any frightful apparition AdbhBr.

a kind of house Gal.
क्रूरता (krūratā) (krūratā)
f. cruelty Mn. x, 58.
क्रूरदृश् (krūradṛś) (krūradṛś)
mfn. evil-eyed (said of an owl) Katha1s. lxii, 27

of terrible aspect, mischievous, cruel

(%{k}) m. N. of the planet S3ani or Saturn

of the planet Mars

(%{krUra-dRk}) %{-patha}, `" one whose path gives an inauspicious aspect "' m. the planet Saturn Gal.
क्रेय (kreya) (kreya)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 6-1, 82 Ka1s3.) purchasable Ra1jat. v, 270 (ifc.)
क्रोड (kroḍa) (kroḍa)
m. (n. in later language L.) the breast, chest, bosom (of men and animals) AV. VS. Ka1tyS3r. &c.

(of a bird) R. vii, 18, 32

(pl.) MBh. xiii, 2660

(named as a place where money is kept) Mr2icch. ii

ifc. f. %{A} Pa1n2. 4-1, 56 (e.g. %{kalyANa-kroDA}, a woman with a well-formed breast Ka1s3.)

the flank, hollow above the hip W.

the lap (= %{aGka})

the interior of anything, cavity, hollow Ba1lar. vi, 65 Hit.

m. a hog Pan5cat. BhP. Va1rP. Katha1s.

N. of the planet Saturn

`" anything left in the bosom "', an additional verse or note Ka1m. Sch.

N. of a teacher, Kaiy. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 66 Va1rtt. 6 Pat. (cf. %{krauDa})

(%{A}) f. the breast, bosom

N. of a plant

(%{I}) f. a sow Katha1s. liii, 120

the yam root

(%{am}) n. id. L.
क्रोध (krodha) (krodha)
m. anger, wrath, passion VS. xxx, 14 AV. S3Br. &c.

(ifc. f. %{A}) Amar.

Anger (personified as a child of Lobha and Nikr2iti

or of Death

or of Brahma1) VP.

N. of a Da1nava MBh. i, 2543 Hariv.

of the mystic syllable %{hum} or %{hrUM}, Ra1mat Up.

(%{A}) f. N. of one of the thirteen daughters of Daksha and wife of Kas3yapa MBh. i, 2520 Hariv.

(%{I}) f. (in music) N. of a S3ruti

(%{am}) n. N. of the fifty-ninth year of the sixty years "' Br2ihaspati cycle VarBr2S. &c. see 1. %{krudh}.
क्रोश (krośa) (krośa)
m. (cf. %{klo4za}) a cry, yell, shriek, shout VS. xxx, 19 TS. vii (cf. %{karNa-k-})

`" the range of the voice in calling or hallooing "', a measure of distance (an Indian league, commonly called a Kos= 1000 Dan2d2as = 4000 Hastas = 1/4 Yojana

according to others = 2000 Dan2d2as = 8000 Hastas = 1/2 Gavyu1ti) Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c.

(%{a4m}) n. (g. %{jvalA7di})N. of different Sa1mans TS. vii La1t2y. A1rshBr. &c. see %{kruz}.
क्रोशत् (krośat) (krośat)
mfn. crying or calling at (acc.) RV. x, 94. 4

lamenting, weeping R. i, 54, 7

calling out.
क्रोष्टृ (kroṣṭṛ) (kroṣṭṛ)
mfn. crying, lamenting BhP. x, 15, 36

(%{TA4}) m. (not used in the weakest cases see %{kroSTu} Pa1n2. 7-1, 95 and 97) `" crier "', a jackal RV. x, 18, 4 AV. VS. MBh.

N. of a son of Yadu and father of Vr2ijinivat MBh. xiii, 6832 Hariv. 1843 BhP.

(%{TrI}) f. (g. %{gaurA7di}) the female of a jackal

a kind of Convolvulus

another plant (= %{lAGgalI})
क्रउञ्च (kraüñca) (krauñca)
mfn. (fr. %{kru4Jca} g. %{prajJA7di}), `" curlew-like "', with %{vyUha} = %{-cA7ruNa} MBh. vi, 51, 1

m. a kind of curlew TS. v A1p. i, 17, 36 Mn. &c.

the emblem of the fifth Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i

an osprey

patr. (or metron. fr. %{kruJcA} Pa1n2. 4-1, 120 Ka1r.)N. of a pupil of S3a1kapu1rn2i VP.

N. of a mountain (part of the Hima7laya range, situated in the eastern part of the chain on the north of Assam

said to have been split by Ka1rttikeya VP.) TA1r. i, 31, 2 MBh. iii, 14331

vi, 462

ix, 2700 ff. R. &c.

N. of one of the Dvipas of the world (surrounded by the sea of curds) VarBr2S. BhP. MatsyaP. BhavP. Va1rP.

N. of an Asura or Rakshas W.

(%{A}) f. the female curlew Comm. on

(%{I}) f. id. R.

N. of a daughter of Ta1mra1 and mother of the curlews R.

(%{am}) n. a kind of poison Car. vi, 23

(scil. %{astra}) N. of a mythical weapon R. i, 29, 12 and 56, 9

N. of several Sa1mans Ta1n2d2yaBr. xi [323,2]

xiii La1t2y. A1rshBr.

of a particular kind of recitation TS. ii, 5, 11, 1 ChUp. ii, 22, 1 (scil. %{gAna})

a particular method of sitting, Na1rP.
क्लिष्ट (kliṣṭa) (kliṣṭa)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 7-2, 50) molested, tormented, afflicted, distressed R. Ma1lav. S3ak. &c.

wearied, hurt, injured, being in bad condition, worn R. S3ak. Megh. Sus3r.

connected with pain or suffering KapS. ii, 33 Yogas. Pan5cat.

(in rhet.) forced, obscure, not easily intelligible (cf. %{klez}) Sa1h. Prata1par. Va1m. ii, 1, 21 ff.

(%{am}) ind. in distress BhP. i, 9, 12.
क्लीब (klība) (klība)
mf(%{A4})n. (Pa1n2. 3-1, 11 Va1rtt. 3) impotent, emasculated, a eunuch AV. VS. TS. S3Br. Mn. &c.

unmanly, timorous, weak, idle, a coward MBh. Mr2icch. BhP. &c.

having no water (as a cloud) Das3.

(in lexicography) of the neuter gender

(%{am}) n. (in lexicography) the neuter gender.
क्लेश (kleśa) (kleśa)
m. pain, affliction, distress, pain from disease, anguish S3vetUp. Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

(in Yoga phil. five Kles3as are named, viz. %{a-vidyA}, `" ignorance "', %{asmi-tA}, egotism "', %{rAga}, `" desire "', %{dveSa}, `" aversion "', and %{abhiniveza}, tenacity of mundane existence "' Yogas. Prab. Sarvad.

the Buddhists reckon ten, viz. three of the body [murder, theft, adultery], four of speech [lying, slander, abuse, unprofitable conversation], three of the mind [covetousness, malice, scepticism] Buddh. Sarvad.)

wrath, anger

worldly occupation, care, trouble (= %{vyavasAya})&c. see %{kliz}.
क्वथित (kvathita) (kvathita)
mfn. boiled, decocted, stewed Mn. vi

20 Sus3r. BhP. &c.

being hot Katha1s. xc, 61

digested W.

(%{A}) f. a decoction prepared with Curcuma, Asa foetida, and milk Bhpr.

(%{am}) n. a spirituous liquor, (prepared with honey) Npr.
क्वाथ (kvātha) (kvātha)
m. (g. %{jvalA7di}) boiling Ya1jn5. iii, 253 Sch.

a decoction, any solution or infusion prepared with a continued or gentle heat VarBr2S. vli, 49 Sus3r. S3a1rn3gS.

the mixture of the materials for a decoction W.

pain, sorrow, distress&c. see %{kvath}.
क्ष (kṣa) (kṣa)
1 (fr. 1. or 2. %{kSi}) see %{dyukSa4}

m. a field

the protector or cultivator of a field, peasant2 mfn. (fr. 4. %{kSi}) see %{tuvikSa4}

m. destruction, loss

destruction of the world

lightning

a demon or Rakshas

the fourth incarnation of Vishn2u (as the manlion or nara-sin6ha)
क्षण (kṣaṇa) (kṣaṇa)
1 m. any instantaneous point of time, instant, twinkling of an eye, moment Nal. S3ak. Ragh. &c.

a moment regarded as a measure of time (equal to thirty Kala1s or four minutes

or (in astron.) to 48 minutes VarBr2S. &c.

or 4/5 or 24/35 seconds BhP. iii, 11, 7 and 8)

a leisure moment, vacant time, leisure (e.g. %{kSaNaM-kR}, to have leisure for, wait patiently for MBh.

cf. %{kRta-kSaNa})

a fit or suitable moment, opportunity (%{kSaNaM-kR}, to give an opportunity. MBh. iv, 666

cf. %{datta-kSaNa} and %{labdha-kS-})

a festival Megh. Das3. BhP. iii, 3, 21

a certain day of the fortnight (as the full moon, change of the moon, &c.) Sarvad.

dependence

the centre, middle

(%{am}) n. an instant, moment Bhartr2. (= Subh.)

(%{am}.) acc. ind. for an instant R. vi, 92, 35 BrahmaP. Vet. &c. [325,1]

in a moment Ragh. xii, 36 S3a1ntis3. (cf. %{tat-kSaNam})

(%{eNa}) instr. ind. in a moment Nal. R. &c.

(%{At}) abl. ind. after an instant, immediately, at once Mn. R. S3ak. &c.

%{tataH@kSaNAt} (= %{tat-kSaNAt} q.v.), immediately upon that Katha1s.

%{kSaNAt-kSaNAt}, in this moment - in that moment Ra1jat. viii, 898

(%{eSu}) loc. ind. immediately, at once R. vi, 55, 19

%{kSaNe@kSaNe}, every instant, every moment Ra1jat. v, 165 and 337.2 %{-Natu}, %{-Nana}, &c. see %{kSan}.2 m. killing (= ma1ran2a) Gal.
क्षणिक (kṣaṇika) (kṣaṇika)
mf(%{I})n. momentary, transient Ragh. Prab. Bha1sha1p. &c.

having leisure, profiting of an opportunity BhP. xi, 27, 44 Hit.

(%{A}) f. lightning L.
क्षत (kṣata) (kṣata)
क्षत्तृ (kṣattṛ) (kṣattṛ)
see %{kSad}. %{ttA} m. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 135 Va1rtt. 6

vi, 4, 11) one who cuts or carves or distributes anything RV. vi, 13, 2 AV. S3Br. xiii S3a1n3khS3r.

an attendant, (especially) door-keeper, porter (cf. %{anukS-}) AV. ix, 6, 49 VS. xxx, 13 TBr. &c.

a chamberlain Katha1s. lii, 106 and 117

a charioteer, coachman VS. xvi, 26 (S3atarUp. iv) S3a1n3khS3r. xvi, 1, 16 (v.l. for %{kSatra})

the son of a Su1dra man and a Kshatriya woman (or the son of a Kshatriya man and a S3u1dra woman [called Ugra Mn. x, 12]

or the son of a S3u1dra man and a Vais3ya woman [called A1yogava Mn. x, 12] Un2. ii, 90) Mn. x, 12-26 and 49 Ya1jn5. i, 94

the son of a female slave

(hence) N. of Vidura (as the son of the celebrated Vya1sa by a female slave) MBh. i, 7381

iii, 246 BhP. iii, 1, 1-3

N. of Brahma1

a fish
क्षत्र (kṣatra) (kṣatra)
n. (1. %{kSi}?

g. %{ardharcA7di}) sg. and pl. dominion, supremacy, power, might (whether human or supernatural, especially applied to the power of Varun2a-Mitra and Indra)VS. S3Br. ii

xi

sg. and pl. government, governing bodyVS. x, 17 TBr. ii

the military or reigning order (the members of which in the earliest times, as represented by the Vedic hymns, were generally called Ra1janya, not Kshatriya

afterwards, when the difference between Brahman and Kshatra or the priestly and civil authorities became more distinct, applied to the second or reigning or military caste) VS. AV. TS. &c. [325,2]

a member of the military or second order or caste, warrior Mn. MBh. &c. (fancifully derived fr. %{kSatAt@tra} fr. %{trai} i.e. `" a preserver from injury "' Ragh. ii, 53)

the rank of a member of the reigning or military order, authority of the second caste AitBr. viii, 5 S3Br. xiii, 1, 5, 2 BhP. iii, ix

wealth Naigh. ii, 10

water, i, 12

the body

Tabernaemontana coronaria (v.l. %{chattra})

(%{I}) f. a woman of the second caste L.
क्षत्रप (kṣatrapa) (kṣatrapa)
m. a governor, Satrap (a word found on coins and in Inscr.) (cf. %{mahA-kS-}.)
क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya) (kṣatriya)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 4-1, 38

g. %{zreNyAdi}) governing, endowed with sovereigntyiv, 22, 1 VS. TBr.ii

m. a member of the military or reigning order (which in later times constituted the second caste) AV. S3Br. AitBr. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. &c.

(ifc. f. %{A}) MBh.

N. of a Das3a-pu1rvin Jain.

a red horse Gal.

(%{As}) m. N. of a people VarBr2S. xiv, 28

(%{A}) f. (Pa1n2. 4-1, 49 Va1rtt. 7) a woman of the military or second caste Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. (e.g. %{kS-@te}, your wife that belongs to the second caste)

N. of Durga1 Hariv. 3290

(%{I}) f. the wife of a man of the second caste Pa1n2. 4-1, 49 Siddh.

(%{am}) n. the power or rank of the sovereign RV. iv, 12, 3

v, 69, 1

vii, 104, 13 AV. vi, 76, 3.
क्षपा (kṣapā) (kṣapā)
2 f. (Naigh. i, 7

for 1. %{ksk-} see 4. %{kSa4p}) night RV. iv, 53, 7 (instr. pl. %{-pA4bhis}) AitBr. i, 13 MBh. &c.

a measure of time equivalent to a whole day of twenty-four hours Jyot.

turmericsee 4. %{kSa4p}.
क्षपाह (kṣapāha) (kṣapāha)
n. a day and night Mn. i, 68.
क्षम (kṣama) (kṣama)
mf(%{A})n. (g. %{pacA7di}) patient (said of the earth, perhaps with reference to 2. %{kSa4m}) AV. xii, 1, 29

ifc. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 1 Va1rtt. 8) enduring, suffering, bearing, submissive, resisting MBh. S3ak. Kum. v, 40

adequate, competent, able, fit for (loc. or inf. or in comp., e.g. %{vayaM@tyaktuM@kSamAH}, `" we are able to quit "', S3a1ntis3.) Nal. R. Ragh. &c.

favourable to (gen.) R. ii, 35, 31

bearable, tolerable S3ak. Pan5cat. (= Subh.)

fit, appropriate, becoming.), suitable proper for (gen. dat., loc. inf. or in comp.) MBh. (e.g. %{kSamaM@kauravANAm}, proper for the Kauravas, iii, 252) R. (e.g. %{na@sa@kSamaH@kopayitum}, `" he is not a fit object "', for anger "', iv, 32, 20) &c.

m. `" the patient "'N. of S3iva

a kind of sparrow

(%{A}) f. patience, forbearance, indulgence (one of the %{sAmAnya-dharmAs} i.e. an obligation to all castes Vishn2.) Mn. MBh. &c.

%{kSamAM} %{kR}, to be indulgent to, have patience or bear with (%{prati} MBh. iii, 1027

or gen., S3a1ntis3.)

`" Patience "' (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Pulaha VP.) Hariv. 14035 Prab. [326,3]

tameness (as of an antelope) R. iii, 49, 25

resistance Pa1n2. 1-3, 33 Sch.

(= 2. %{kSa4m}) the earth VarBr2S. Pan5cat. &c.

(hence) the number `" one "'

N. of Durga1 Devi1P.

the Khadira tree (Acacia Catechu)

N. of a species of the Atijagati metre

N. of a female shepherd BrahmaP.

of a S3a1kta authoress of Mantras

of a river (= %{vetravatI}) Gal.

for %{kSapA4} (night)

(%{am}) n. propriety fitness W. [cf. Hib. {cam}, `" strong, mighty

power "'

{cama}, `" brave. "']
क्षमता (kṣamatā) (kṣamatā)
f. ability, fitness, capability.
क्षमत्व (kṣamatva) (kṣamatva)
n. id. (with loc. or ifc.) Sa1h. Sarvad. Comm. on KapS. and on Mn. ix, 161.
क्षमा (kṣamā) (kṣamā)
1 (instr. of 2. %{kSa4m} q.v.) ind. on the earth, on the floor g. %{svar-Adi}

[cf. Gk. $, &101141[326,3] $.]2 (f. of %{-ma4} q.v.) &c. see 1. %{kSam}.
क्षमवत् (kṣamavat) (kṣamavat)
mfn. knowing what is proper or right R. v, 89, 68

for %{kSAm-} q.v.
क्षमित (kṣamita) (kṣamita)
mfn. pardoned MBh. ii, 1582.
क्षय (kṣaya) (kṣaya)
see 1. 2. and 4. %{kSi}. 2 mfn. dwelling, residing RV. iii, 2, 13

viii, 64, 4

m. an abode, dwelling-place, seat, house (cf. %{uru-} and %{su-kSa4ya}, %{rAtha-}, %{divikSaya4}) RV. VS. v, 38 TS. Pa1n2. MBh. R. BhP.

the house of Yama (cf. %{yama-kS-}, %{vaivasvata-kS-})

abode in Yama's dominion Comm. on R. (ed. Bomb.) ii, 109, 11

(= %{kSiti4}) family, race RV. i, 123, 1.
क्षय (kṣaya) (kṣaya)
see 1. 2. and 4. %{kSi}. 2 mfn. dwelling, residing RV. iii, 2, 13

viii, 64, 4

m. an abode, dwelling-place, seat, house (cf. %{uru-} and %{su-kSa4ya}, %{rAtha-}, %{divikSaya4}) RV. VS. v, 38 TS. Pa1n2. MBh. R. BhP.

the house of Yama (cf. %{yama-kS-}, %{vaivasvata-kS-})

abode in Yama's dominion Comm. on R. (ed. Bomb.) ii, 109, 11

(= %{kSiti4}) family, race RV. i, 123, 1.
क्षयिन् (kṣayin) (kṣayin)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 157) wasting, decaying, waning Mn. ix, 314 Ragh. Das3. Bhartr2.

perishable S3ak. Megh. &c.

consumptive Mn. iii, 7 MBh. xiii, 5089 VarBr2. xxiii, 17.
क्षय्य (kṣayya) (kṣayya)
see %{a-kSayya4}. mfn. (anything) that can be destroyed or removed Pa1n2. 6-1, 81

see also %{a-kSayya4}.
क्षर (kṣara) (kṣara)
mf(%{A})n. (g. %{jvalA7di}) melting away, perishable S3vetUp. MBh. Bhag.

m. a cloud

(%{am}) n. water

the body MBh. xiv, 470.
क्षव (kṣava) (kṣava)
%{-vaka}, %{-vathu} see 1. %{kSu}. m. sneezing AV. xix, 8, 5

cough, catarrh

black mustard (Sinapis dichotoma) L.
क्षवथु (kṣavathu) (kṣavathu)
m. (Pa1n2. 3-3, 89 Ka1s3.) sneezing A1p. ii, 3, 2 Sus3r.

catarrh, cough, irritation of the throat, sore throat (%{kSayathu} L.) W.
क्षात्र (kṣātra) (kṣātra)
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kSatra4}), belonging or relating or peculiar to the second caste Mn. vii, 87 Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

(%{am}) n. the dignity of a ruler or governor MBh. iii, 5097 and xiii, 3026 R. ii f. v. &c. see %{kSatra4}.
क्षान्त (kṣānta) (kṣānta)
1 mfn. (g. %{priyA7di}) borne, endured (%{soDha})

pardoned MBh. Pan5cat.

(Pa1n2. 3-2, 188 Ka1r.) enduring, patient Mn. v, 158 Ya1jn5. R. Ragh. (compar. %{-tara})

m. (g. %{utkarA7di}) N. of a man g. %{azvA7di}

of a hunter Hariv. 1206

of S3iva (cf. %{kSama})

(%{A}) f. `" the patient one "', the earth

(%{am}) n. patience, indulgence R. i, 34, 32 and 33. 2 see 1. %{kSam}.
क्षान्ति (kṣānti) (kṣānti)
f. patient waiting for anything Vop. xxiii, 3

patience, forbearance, endurance, indulgence Mn. v, 107 MBh. R. &c.

the state of saintly abstraction DivyA7v. vi, xii, xviii

(in music) N. of a S3ruti

N. of a river VP.
क्षार (kṣāra) (kṣāra)
mf(%{A})n. (g. %{jvalA7di}) caustic, biting, corrosive, acrid, pungent, saline, converted to alkali or ashes by distillation (fr. %{kSai}?) R. Pan5cat. BhP. &c.

sharp, keen (as the wind) Ka1vya7d. ii, 104

m. any corrosive or acrid or saline substance (esp. an alkali such as soda or potash), caustic alkali (one species of cautery) Ka1ty. Ya1jn5. iii, 36 MBh. &c.

juice, essence W.

treacle, molasses

glass

(%{am}) n. any corrosive or acrid substance Katha1s. xciii, 14

a factitious or medicinal salt (commonly black salt, %{viD-lavaNa} and %{kRSNa-l-}) W.

water W. %{-raka}, %{-raNa}, &c. see %{kSar}. [327,3]
क्षिति (kṣiti) (kṣiti)
1 is f. dominion (Comm.) MBh. xiii, 76, 10. 4 m. N. of a man Pravar.

(%{is}) f. a sort of yellow pigment

a sort of base metal

= %{kSiti-kSama} (s.v. 2. %{kSiti4}) Gal.
क्षितिप (kṣitipa) (kṣitipa)
m. `" earth-protector "', a king Sus3r. Pan5cat. S3ak. Ragh.
क्षितिभुज् (kṣitibhuj) (kṣitibhuj)
m. `" one who possesses the earth "', a king Bhartr2. S3a1ntis3. Prab. Ra1jat.
क्षिप्त (kṣipta) (kṣipta)
mfn. thrown, cast, sent, despatched, dismissed RV. i, 129, 8 MBh. &c.

reviled, despicable (on account of instr. or %{-tas}) Pa1n2. 5-4, 46 Ka1s3.

(%{A}) f. (for %{kSapA4}) night

(%{a4m}) n. a wound caused by shooting or throwing AV. vi, 109, 3

`" scattered "', distraction or absence of mind Sarvad.
क्षिप्र (kṣipra) (kṣipra)
mf(%{A})n. (compar. %{kSe4pIyas}, superl. %{kSe4piSTha}, qq. vv.) springing, flying back with a spring, elastic (as a bow) RV. ii, 24, 8

quick, speedy, swift S3Br. vi

ix

(said of certain lunar mansions) VarBr2S.

m. N. of a son of Kr2ishn2a Hariv. 9195

(%{a4m}) ind. (Naigh ii, 15) quickly, immediately, directly AV. S3Br. iv

v

xiii Mn. MBh. &c.

(%{am}) n. a measure of time (= 1/15 Muhu1rta or 15 Etarhis) S3Br. xii, 3, 2, 5

the part of the hand between the thumb and forefinger and the corresponding part of the foot Sus3r.

(%{A4}) ind. (Ved. acc. pl. n.) with a shot RV. iv, 8, 8

(%{At}) abl. ind. directly, immediately Katha1s.

(%{e4}) loc. ind. id. S3Br. i

iv

v

x

[cf. Gk. $]
क्षीण (kṣīṇa) (kṣīṇa)
mfn. diminished, wasted, expended, lost, destroyed, worn away, waning (as the moon) S3Br. Mun2d2Up. S3vetUp. Mn. &c.

weakened, injured, broken, torn, emaciated, feeble Mn. vii, 166 Sus3r. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 6-4, 61 & viii, 2, 46 &c.

delicate, slender S3ak. Gi1t. iv, 21 Naish. vii, 81

poor, miserable Pan5cat. iv, 16 and 32

(%{am}) n. N. of a disease of the pudenda muliebria Gal. see 4. %{kSi}.
क्षीब (kṣība) (kṣība)
(or %{kSIva}) mf(%{A})n. (pf. p. Pass. %{kSIb} Pa1n2. 8-2, 55) excited, drunk, intoxicated MBh. R. Bhartr2. BhP. &c.
क्षीर (kṣīra) (kṣīra)
n. (fr. %{zyai}?

fr. %{kSar}, or %{ghas} Nir. ii, 5

fr. %{ghas} Un2. iv, 34

g. %{ardharcA7di}), milk, thickened milkVS. TS. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} MBh. xiii, 3700)

the milky juice or sap of plants R. Sus3r. Megh. 106 S3ak. (v. l.)

= %{-zIrSa} (q.v.)

water

m. N. of a grammarian (cf. %{-svAmin}) Ra1jat. iv, 488

(%{A}) f. N. of a plant (= %{kakolI}) "'

(%{I}) f. a dish prepared with milk Bhpr.

N. of several plants containing a milky sap (Asclepia rosea, Mimosa Kauki, gigantic swallow-wort, Euphorbia, &c.) L.
क्षुण्ण (kṣuṇṇa) (kṣuṇṇa)
%{-NNaka} see %{kSud}. mfn. stamped or trampled upon MBh. viii, 4845 VarBr2S. liv Ragh. i, 17 Pan5cat. &c.

pounded, bruised, crushed, pulverised Sus3r. Pa1n2. 4-2, 92 Ka1s3.

broken to pieces, shattered, pierced MBh. iii, 678 Mr2icch. BhP. Ma1rkP.

violated (as a vow) R. i, 8, 9 (%{a-kS-})

practised, exercised (as the body) Sus3r.

thought over repeatedly, reflected on again and again W.

one versed in sacred science but unable to explain or teach it W.

defeated, overcome W.

multiplied Su1ryas. (cf. %{akS-}.)
क्षुध् (kṣudh) (kṣudh)
1 cl. 4. P. %{kSu4dhyati} (p. %{kSu4dhyat}

impf. %{a4kSudhyat}

aor. Subj. %{kSudhat}

fut. 1st %{kSoddhA} Pa1n2. 7-2, 10 Siddh.

ind. p. %{kSudhitvA} Pa1n2. 7-2, 52 Bhat2t2. ix, 39), to feel hungry, be hungry RV. i, 104, 7 AV. ii, 29, 4 TS. v, 5, 10, 6

vii, 4, 3, 1 Bhat2t2. 2 %{t} f. hunger&c.
क्षुत्पिपासित (kṣutpipāsita) (kṣutpipāsita)
mfn. hungry and thirsty Mn. viii, 93.
क्षुद्र (kṣudra) (kṣudra)
mf(%{A})n. (compar. %{kSodIyas}, superl. %{-diSTha}, qq.vv.) minute, diminutive, tiny, very small, little, trifling AV. VS. xiv, 30 TBr. iii S3Br. ChUp. AitUp. Ya1jn5. &c.

mean, low, vile Mn. vii, 27 Ya1jn5. i, 309 MBh. &c.

wicked (said in joke) Ma1lav.

niggardly, avaricious

cruel

poor, indigent

m. a small particle of rice[330,3]

= %{-roga} (q.v.) Sus3r.

= %{-panasa} (q.v.)

(%{A}) f. (Pa1n2. 4-3, 119) a kind of bee Bhpr.

a fly, gnat

a base or despicable woman Pa1n2. 4-1, 131

a maimed or crippled woman ib. Pat.

a whore, harlot

a dancing girl

a quarrelsome woman

N. of several plants (Solanum Jacquini, also another variety of Solanum, Oxalis pusilla, Coix barbata, Nardostachys Jat2a1-ma1n6si1)

(%{a4m}) n. a particle of dust, flour, meal RV. i, 129, 6 and viii, 49, 4

[cf. Lith. {kUdikis}, `" an infant "'

Pers. $ {kUdak}, `" small a boy. "']
क्षुधित (kṣudhita) (kṣudhita)
mfn. hungered Pa1n2. 7-2, 52

(g. %{tArakA7di}) hungry ChUp. MBh. R. Sus3r. Ragh.
क्षुब्ध (kṣubdha) (kṣubdha)
mfn. agitated, shaken MBh. iii, 12544

expelled (as a king) Pa1n2. 7-2, 18 Siddh.

agitated (mentally), excited, disturbed (in comp. with %{citta} or %{manas}) Sus3r.

m. the churning-stick Pa1n2. 7-2, 18

a kind of coitus.
क्षुभित (kṣubhita) (kṣubhita)
mfn. agitated, shaken, tossed, set in motion MBh. R. Sus3r. Vikr. Katha1s.

agitated (mentally), disturbed, frightened, alarmed, afraid (mostly in comp.) R. Pan5cat. Katha1s.

angry, enraged W.
क्षुर (kṣura) (kṣura)
m. (fr. %{kSNu}?

cf. Gk. $) a &102724[331,3] razor RV. i, 166, 10

viii, 4, 16

x, 28, 9 AV. S3Br. &c.

a razor-like barb or sharp blade attached to an arrow R. iii, 72, 14 (cf. %{-pra})

Asteracantha longifolia

= %{-pattra}

a thorny variety of Gardenia or Randia

Trilobus lanuginosus

(for %{khura}) the hoof of a cow W.

(for %{khura}) a horse's hoof W.

(for %{khura}) the foot of a bedstead

(%{I}) f. a knife, dagger (cf. %{churI})

(mfn.) = %{kSura-vat}, `" having claws or hoofs "' Sa1y. on RV. x, 28, 9.
क्षेत्र (kṣetra) (kṣetra)
n. (2. %{kSi}) landed property, land, soil (%{kSe4trasya@pa4ti}, `" lord of the soil "'N. of a kind of tutelary deityii, 8, 5

also %{kSe4trasya@pa4tnI}, `" mistress of the soil "', and %{kSe4trANAm@pa4ti}, `" the lord of the soil "'N. of tutelary deities AV. ii, 12, 1 VS. xvi, 18)

`" soil of merit "', a Buddha or any holy person DivyA7v.

a field (e.g. %{-traM-kR}, `" to cultivate a field "' Mn. Ya1jn5. ii, 158

cf. %{sasya-kS-}) RV. &c.

place, region, countryiii, 28, 3 TS. vii Sus3r. Megh. Vet.

a house

a town

department, sphere of action MBh. xiv, 126 R. &c.

place of origin, place where anything is found Yogas. ii, 4 Sus3r. BhP. viii, 12, 33

a sacred spot or district, place of pilgrimage (as Benares &c.

often ifc.) BrahmaP.

an enclosed plot of ground, portion of space, superficies (e.g. %{sv-alpa-kS-}, of a small circuit Ya1jn5. ii, 156)

(in geom.) a plane figure (as a triangle, circle, &c.) enclosed by lines, any figure considered as having geometrical dimensions Gol.

a diagram W.

a planetary orbit Gan2it.

a zodiacal sign Su1ryas.

an astrological mansion VarBr2S. VarBr2. i, xi

(in chiromancy) certain portions marked out on the palm VarBr2S. lxviii, 1

`" fertile soil "', the fertile womb, wife Mn. Ya1jn5. ii, 127 MBh. R. S3ak. BhP.

the body (considered as the field of the indwelling soul) Ya1jn5. iii, 178 Bhag. xiii, 1 and 2 Kum. vi, 77

(in Sa1m2khya phil.) = %{a-vyakta} (q.v.) Tattvas.

(%{I4}) f. only dat. %{-triyai4} for %{-triyA4t} (AV. ii, 10, 1) TBr. ii, 5, 6, 1

[cf. %{a4-kS-}, %{anya-} and %{kuru-kSetra4}, %{karma-kS-}, %{deva-kS-}, %{dharma-kS-}, %{raNa-kS-}, %{siddha-kS-}, %{su-kS-}, %{sure7zvarI-kS-}

cf. also Goth. {haithi}, Them. %{haithjo}

Germ. {Heide}.]
क्षेत्रज्ञ (kṣetrajña) (kṣetrajña)
mfn. knowing localities TBr. iii AitBr. Ta1n2d2yaBr. S3Br. xiii ChUp.

familiar with the cultivation of the soil (as a husbandman)

clever, dexterous, skilful (with gen.) MBh. i, 3653

cunning

m. `" knowing the body "' i.e. the soul, the conscious principle in the corporeal frame S3vetUp. Mn. viii, 96

xii, 12 and 14 Ya1jn5. MBh. Hariv. 11297, &c.

a form of Bhairava (or S3iva)

N. of a prince BhP. xii, 1, 4 (vv.ll. %{kSatrau9jas} and %{kSemA7rcis})

(%{A}) f. a girl fifteen years old who personates the goddess Durga1 at a festival of this deity.
क्षेत्रिय (kṣetriya) (kṣetriya)
mfn. `" organic "' (as a disease), incurable (`" curable in a future body i.e. incurable in the present life "' Pa1n2. 5-2, 92) Kpr.

m. one who seduces other men's wives, adulterer

(%{a4m}) n. (%{as} m. L.) an organic and incurable disease AV.

meadow grass, herbage

(%{A4Ni}) n. pl. the environs of a place AV. ii, 14, 5.
क्षेप (kṣepa) (kṣepa)
m. a throw, cast W.

throwing, casting, tossing W. [329,2]

stretching (as of the legs) Sus3r.

a clap (of wings) R. iv, 62, 12

a stroke (of an oar &c.)(cf. %{apaTI-kS-}, %{dRSTi-kS-}, %{bhrUkS-}, %{saTA-kS-})

moving to and fro Megh. 47

sending, dismissing W.

laying on (as pain &c.) besmearing

transgressing (%{laGghana})

delay, procrastination, dilatoriness Sarvad.

`" loss "' see %{manaH-kS-}

accusation Ya1jn5. ii, 210

(Pa1n2. 2-1, 26 and v, 4, 46) insult, invective, abuse, reviling MBh. i, 555

iii, 631 Ya1jn5. ii, 204 and 211

disrespect, contempt

pride, haughtiness

application of a term to something else Ba1dar. iv, 1, 6 Sch.

a nosegay

(in arithm.) an additive quantity, addendum

the astronomical latitude Su1ryas. Gol. %{-paka}, %{-pana}, &c. see %{kSip}.
क्षेपण (kṣepaṇa) (kṣepaṇa)
n. the act of throwing, casting, letting fly or go (a bow-string) Nir. ii, 28 MBh. iv, 352 and 1400

throwing away (in boxing) VP. v, 20, 54

sending, directing W.

sending away MBh. iii, 13272

passing away or spending time (v.l. %{kSapaNa})

`" omitting "', for 1. %{kSapaNa} Mn. iv, 119

sling BhP. iii, 19, 18

x, 11, 38

(%{I}) f. id. R. vi, 7, 24

an oar

a kind of net L.
क्षेम (kṣema) (kṣema)
mf(%{A})n. (2. %{kSi}) habitable

giving rest or ease or security MBh. R.

at ease, prosperous, safe W.

m. basis, foundation VS. xviii, 7 AV. iii, 12, 1 and iv, 1, 4 S3Br. xiii KapS. i, 46

residing, resting, abiding at ease RV. x AV. xiii, 1, 27

iii

viii

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. (Ved. only m.

g. %{ardharcA7di}), safety, tranquillity, peace, rest, security, any secure or easy or comfortable state, weal, happinessVS. Mn. MBh. &c. (%{kSe4ma} & %{yo4ga} [or %{pra-yu4j}], rest and exertion, enjoying and acquiring RV. VS. xxx, 14 Pa1rGr2. MBh. xiii, 3081

cf. %{kSema-yoga} and %{yoga-kS-}

%{kSemaM@te}, `" peace or security may be to thee "' [this is also the polite address to a Vais3ya, asking him whether his property is secure Mn. ii, 127], S3a1ntis3. ii, 18)

final emancipation

m. a kind of perfume (= %{caNDA})

Ease or Prosperity (personified as a son of Dharma and S3a1nti VP.

as a son of Titiksha1 BhP. iv, 1, 51)

N. of a prince MBh. i, 2701 DivyA7v. xviii

of a son of S3uci and father of Su-vrata BhP. ix, 22, 46

N. of a kind of college (%{maTha}) Ra1jat. vi, 186

(%{eNa}) instr. ind. at ease

in security, safely R. Mr2icch. Pan5cat. BhP.

(ifc. with %{yathA} R. ii, 54, 4)

(%{ais}) instr. pl. ind. id. MBh. xiii, 1519

(%{A}) f. a kind of perfume (= %{kASTha-guggula}, or %{coraka} Comm.) VarBr2S. iii

N. of Durga1

of another deity (= %{kSemaM-karI}) Devi1P.

of an Apsaras MBh. i, 4818

(%{am}) n. N. of one of the seven Varshas in Jambu1-dvi1pa BhP. v, 20, 3.
क्षेय (kṣeya) (kṣeya)
mfn. to be destroyed or removed Pa1n2. 6-1, 81 Ka1s3. see 4. %{kSi}.
क्षोभ (kṣobha) (kṣobha)
m. shaking, agitation, disturbance, tossing, trembling, emotion MBh. R. Ragh. Vikr. Megh. &c.

(in dram.) an emotion that is the cause of any harsh speeches or reproaches Sa1h. 471 and 480 (cf. %{bala-kS-}.) %{-bhaka}, &c. see %{kSubh}.
क्षोभ्य (kṣobhya) (kṣobhya)
mfn. to be agitated or disturbed (ifc.) Katha1s. lv, 120.
क्ष्मा (kṣmā) (kṣmā)
f. (cf. 2. %{kSa4m} Naigh. i, 1 Nir. x, 7) the earth R. iii, 35, 63 BhP. Ragh. Bhartr2. &c.

(%{ayA4}) instr. ind. (= 1. %{kSamA4}) on the earth RV. VS. xxxiii, 92.
ख (kha) (kha)
1 the second consonant of the alphabet (being the aspirate of the preceding consonant

often in MSS. and Inscr. confounded with %{Sa}).2 m. the sun[334,2]
खकार (khakāra) (khakāra)
m. the letter or sound %{kha}.
खग (khaga) (khaga)
mfn. moving in air MBh. iii, 12257

m. a bird Mn. xii, 63 MBh. &c.

N. of Garud2a (cf. %{-ga-pati}) Gal.

any air-moving insect (as a bee) R. ii, 56, 11

a grasshopper

the sun Hcat.

a planet Gol.

air, wind MBh. iii, 14616

a deity

an arrow

%{-pati} m. `" chief of birds "', Garud2a (Vishn2u's vehicle)

%{-pati-gamanA} f. N. of a goddess Ka1lac.

%{-pattra} mfn. furnished with bird's feathers (as an arrow) MBh. iii, 285, 14

%{-rAj} m. = %{-pati} Gal.

%{-vaktra} m. Artocarpus Lakucha

%{-vatI} f. the earth

%{-zatru} m. `" enemy of birds "', Hemionitis cordifolia

%{-sthAna} n. `" a bird's nest "', the hollow of a tree

%{-gA7dhipa} m. = %{-ga-pati} R. i, 42, 16

%{-gA7ntaka} m. `" destroyer of birds "', a hawk, falcon

%{-gA7bhirAma} m. N. of S3iva

%{-gA7sana} m. `" seat of the sun "'N. of the mountain Udaya (the eastern mountain on which the sun rises)

`" sitting on a bird (i.e. on the Garud2a) "', Vishn2u

%{-ge7ndra} m. the chief of the birds Pan5cat.

a vulture

Garud2a

N. of a prince Ra1jat. i, 89

%{-ge7ndra-dhvaja} m. N. of Vishn2u BhP. i, 18, 16

%{-ge7zvara} m. `" the chief of the birds "', a vulture

Garud2a L.
खज्योतिस् (khajyotis) (khajyotis)
m. a shining flying insect, fire-fly &c. L.
खट (khaṭa) (khaṭa)
m. phlegm, phlegmatic or watery humor (cf. %{kapha})

a blind well VarBr2S. Sch.

an axe, hatchet, chisel (%{TaGka})

a plough

a kind of blow (`" the closed or doubled fist, as for striking "' W.)

grass (used to thatch houses

cf. %{kaTa}, %{khaDa})

a fragrant kind of grass

(%{I}) f. chalk L.
खट्वा (khaṭvā) (khaṭvā)
f. a bedstead, couch, cot Kaus3. Mn. viii, 357 &c. (%{khatvAM@samArUDha}, lying on the sick-bed MBh. v, 1474 = xii, 10599)

a swing, hammock

a kind of bandage Sus3r.

N. of a plant (%{kola-zimbI}) L.
खड (khaḍa) (khaḍa)
m. (g. %{madhv-Adi}) dividing, breaking

buttermilk boiled with acid vegetables and spices Car. vi, 9 Sus3r. i, vi

N. of a man g. %{azvA7di}

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. (= %{khaTa}) a kind of small grass, straw

(%{I}) f. (= %{khaTI}) chalk L.
खड्ग (khaḍga) (khaḍga)
m. (fr. %{khaD} for %{khaND}?) a sword, scymitar MBh. R. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} Katha1s.)

a large sacrificial knife W.

a rhinoceros MaitrS. iii, 14, 21 = VS. xxiv, 40 (%{khaGga4}) S3a1n3khS3r. Mn. MBh. &c.

a rhinoceros-horn

a Pratyeka-buddha (so called because he is a solitary being like a rhinoceros

cf. %{eka-cara} and %{-cArin})

N. of an attendant in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2569

of the son of a merchant Katha1s. lvi, 151

(%{am}) n. iron L.
खड्गिन् (khaḍgin) (khaḍgin)
mfn. armed with a sword MBh. R. BhP.

(%{I}) m. S3iva MBh. xiii, 1157

a rhinoceros R. i, 26, 14 Sus3r. i, 46, 88 and 97 Ka1d.

N. of Man5jus3ri1 (cf. %{khadga}, `" a Pratyeka-buddha "')
खण्ड (khaṇḍa) (khaṇḍa)
mf(%{A})n. broken, having chasms or gaps or breaks Sus3r. VarBr2S. Pa1n2. 2-1, 30 Ka1s3.

deficient, defective, crippled (cf. %{SaNDa}) A1p. S3a1n3khS3r. xvi, 18, 18 Sch.

(in comp. or ifc. Pa1n2. 2-2, 38 Pat.)

not full (as the moon) Ka1tyS3r. Sch. Subh.

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. (g. %{ardharcA7di}) `" a break or gap "', cf. %{kedAra-kh-}

a piece, part, fragment, portion R. Sus3r. Megh. &c. (%{indoH@kh-} or %{tArA7dhipa-kh-} [cf. also %{khaNDe7ndu}] `" the crescent "' Prasannar.)

treacle or molasses partially dried, candied sugar Bhpr. Naish. Sa1h.

a section of a work, part, chapter (e.g. of AitA1r. KenUp. &c.)

a continent Gan2it.

(in alg.) a term in an equation Gan2it.

a party, number, multitude, assemblage MBh. (sometimes not to be distinguished from %{SaNDa}) R. i, 30, 15 &c. (ifc. m. or n. cf. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 38 and 51)

m. a flaw in a jewel

a calf with horns half grown Gal.

(in music) a kind of measure

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people (v.l. %{SaNDa}) VarBr2S.

(%{am}) n. a variety of sugar-cane W.

black salt (%{viD-lavaNa})(cf. %{uttara-}, %{karka-}, %{kAla-}, %{kAzI-}, %{zrI-}, %{sitA-}.)
खण्डिन् (khaṇḍin) (khaṇḍin)
mfn. `" annihilating, removing "'

see %{yazaH-} consisting of pieces W.

divided, comminuted W.

(%{I}) m. the wild kidney-bean (%{vanamudga})

a N. of Harsha (cf. %{khaNDana-kAra}) SS3am2kar.

(%{inI}) f. `" having continents "', the earth
खण्डित (khaṇḍita) (khaṇḍita)
mfn. (g. %{tArakA7di}) cut, torn, broken in pieces, scattered, dispersed, destroyed, removed Vikr. Pan5cat. Katha1s. Prab. Hit.

injured (esp. by the teeth) Pan5cat.

broken as allegiance, disobeyed against, rebelled

refuted, controverted

disappointed, betrayed, abandoned (as a lover) Ragh. v, 67 Megh. Sa1ntis3.

(%{A}) f. a woman whose husband or lover has been guilty of infidelity Sa1h.
खदिर (khadira) (khadira)
m. Acacia Catechu (having very hard wood, the resin of which is used in medicine, called Catechu, Khayar, Terra japonica) RV. iii, 53, 19 AV. TS. &c.

N. of Indra

the moon

N. of a man g. %{azvA7di}

(%{A}) f. a sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica

`" a kind of vegetable "' NBD.)

(%{I}) f. id. L.
खनक (khanaka) (khanaka)
m. one who digs, digger, excavator MBh. iii, 640 R.

a miner

a house-breaker, thief

a rat

N. of a friend of Vidura MBh. i, 5798 f.

(%{I}) f. a female digger or excavator Pa1n2. 3-1, 145 Pat.

iv, 1, 41 Ka1s3.
खनन (khanana) (khanana)
n. the act of digging or excavating Das3. Bhartr2. PSarv. &c.

digging into the earth, burying PSarv. Ragh. viii, 25 Sch.
खनितृ (khanitṛ) (khanitṛ)
%{tA} m. a digger, delver RV. x, 97, 20 AV. iv, 6, 8 VS. xii, 100 Hit.
खनित्र (khanitra) (khanitra)
n. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 184) an instrument for digging, spade, shovel RV. i, 179, 6 Ta1n2d2yaBr. La1t2y. Mn. &c.

(%{A}) f. id. R. (ed. Bomb.) i, 40, 27

m. N. of a prince VP. BhP. ix, 2, 24 Ma1rkP. cxviii, 9 and 20.
खर (khara) (khara)
mf(%{A})n. hard, harsh, rough, sharp, pungent, acid (opposed to %{mRdu4} and %{zlakSNa4}) MBh. R. &c.

solid (opposed to %{drava}, fluid) Pa1n2. 7-3, 69 Pat. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-1, 35 and iv, 2, 16

dense (clouds) R. vi, 87, 3

sharp, hot (wind) Sus3r. i, 20, 22

hurtful, injurious, cutting (as speech or word) MBh. R. &c.

sharp-edged

cruel W.

m. a donkey (so called from his cry) Ka1tyS3r. Mn. MBh. &c.

a mule

an osprey

a heron

a crow

a thorny plant (sort of prickly nightshade or perhaps Alhagi Maurorum)

N. of a fragrant substance Gal.

a quadrangular mound of earth for receiving the sacrificial vessels (cf. $) S3Br. v, 1, 2, 15

xiv A1s3vS3r. Ka1tyS3r.

a place arranged for building a house uponN. of the 25th year of the sixty years "' Br2ihaspati cycle VarBr2S.

a Daitya or demon

N. of the Asura Dhenuka Hariv. 3114 BhP. ii, 7, 34

N. of a Rakshas slain by Ra1ma (younger brother of Ra1van2a) MBh. iii, 15896 R. BhP. Ragh.

N. of an attendant [of the Sun (= Dharma)

of S3iva L.]

of a Rudra (?) Hariv. (v.l.)

(%{am}) ind. in a sharp way R. iii, 29, 9

(%{A}) f. Andropogon serratus

(%{I}) f. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 30 Siddh.) a she-ass Katha1s. lxiii

`" a she-mule "' see %{kharI-vAtsalya}

N. of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2624.
खर्पर (kharpara) (kharpara)
m. a thief

a rogue, cheat

the skull

the half of a skull W.

a beggar's bowl or dish

an umbrella or parasol

N. of a man Vi1rac. xviii

n. and (%{I}) f. a kind of mineral substance (used as a collyrium) Bhpr. v, 7, 145

26, 118 and 232 (cf. %{karpara}.)
खर्बूज (kharbūja) (kharbūja)
n. (fr. the Pers. $, %{kkarbUza}), the water-melon Bhpr. v, 6, 43 f.
खर्व (kharva) (kharva)
mfn. (cf. %{a4-}, %{tri-}) mutilated, crippled, injured, imperfect TS. ii, 5, 1, 7

low, dwarfish

(%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a large number (either 10, 000, 000, 000 [L.], or 37 cyphers preceded by 1 R. vi, 4, 59)

m. N. of one of the nine Nidhis or treasures of Kubera

Rosa moschata L.
खल (khala) (khala)
m. (n. g. %{ardharcA7di}) a threshing-floor, granary RV. x, 48, 7 AV. S3a1n3khS3r. &c.

earth, mould, soil

place, site

m. contest, battle Naigh. Nir.

sediment or dregs of oil Pan5cat. ii, 53

(= %{khaDa}) butter-milk boiled with acid vegetables and spices Sus3r. i, vi

a mischievous man Mr2icch. Ca1n2. BhP. Pan5cat. &c.

the sun

Xanthochymus pictorius (%{tamAla})

the thorn-apple

(%{A}) f. a mischievous woman Amar.

N. of a daughter of Raudra7s3va Hariv. Va1yuP. ii, 37, 122

(%{I}) f. sediment or deposit of oil Car. Bhartr2. ii, 98.
खल्वाट (khalvāṭa) (khalvāṭa)
mfn. (= %{khalliTa}) bald-headed, bald Bhartr2. Katha1s. lxi, 53 and 184.
खसूचि (khasūci) (khasūci)
f. `" a needle pricking the air "' ifc. one who continually makes mistakes (as a grammarian) Ka1s3. and Gan2ar. on Pa1n2. 2-1, 53.
खाण्डव (khāṇḍava) (khāṇḍava)
%{as}, %{am} m. n. sugar-candy, sugarplums, sweetmeats MBh. xiii R. i, vii

N. of a forest in Kuru-kshetra (sacred to Indra and burnt by the god of fire aided by Arjuna and Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. BhP. i, 15, 8 Katha1s.) Ta1n2d2yaBr. xxv, 3 TA1r.

(%{I}) f. N. of a town built by Sudars3ana L.
खाण्डवायन (khāṇḍavāyana) (khāṇḍavāyana)
%{As} m. pl.N. of a family of Bra1hmans MBh. iii, 10208.
खादक (khādaka) (khādaka)
m. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 146) an eater, devourer Gobh. Mn. v, 51 MBh. xiii

a debtor, borrower (cf. %{khAtaka}) Comm. on Ya1jn5.

(%{ikA}) f. `" eating "' ifc. e.g. %{abhyUSa-}, %{bisa-}, qq. vv.
खादतमोदता (khādatamodatā) (khādatamodatā)
f. (Impv. 2. pl. fr. %{mud}) `" eat and rejoice "', continual eating and rejoicing g. %{mayUra-vyaMsakA7di}.
खादि (khādi) (khādi)
m. (f.?) a brooch, ring (worn on the hands or feet by the Maruts) RV. i, v, vii (cf. %{vR4Sa-}, %{hiraNya-}

%{su-khAdi4}.)
खादित (khādita) (khādita)
mfn. eaten, devoured S3Br. iii Sus3r. Bhat2t2. Hit.
खादितृ (khāditṛ) (khāditṛ)
m. an eater, devourer MBh. xii, 846.
खिल (khila) (khila)
m. (n. L.) a piece of waste or uncultivated land situated between cultivated fields, desert, bare soil AV. vii, 115, 4 S3Br. viii S3a1n3khBr. Kaus3.

(%{am}) n. `" a space not filled up, gap "', that which serves to fill up a gap, supplement (of a book &c.), additional hymn appended to the regular collection Mn. iii, 232 MBh. i Va1yuP. S3ivaP. &c.

a compendium, compilation (esp. of hymns and prayers)

n. pl. remainder BhP. vi, 4, 15

sg. (in alg.) an insolvable problem Gol.

obduracy Lalit. xix, xxi

= %{vedhas} (Brahma1 or Vishn2u W.)

mfn. defective, insufficient BhP. i, vi.
खिल्य (khilya) (khilya)
m. a piece of waste or uncultivated land situated between cultivated fields RV. x, 142, 3

a piece of rock in the earth, mass, heap, lump RV. vi, 28, 2

(ifc.) S3Br. xiv, 5, 4, 12.
खुर (khura) (khura)
m. a hoof, horse's hoof Ka1tyS3r. Mn. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} [g. %{kroDA7di}] MBh. i Hcat.

once %{I}, i, 7, 38)

a particular part of the foot of a bedstead VarBr2S. lxxix

a sort of perfume (dried shellfish shaped like a hoof)

(for %{kSura4}) a razor

(%{I}) f. g. %{bahv-Adi} (not in Ka1s3. and g. %{zoNA7di}).
खेट (kheṭa) (kheṭa)
m. a village, residence of peasants and farmers, small town (half a Pura Hcat.) MBh. iii, 13220 Jain. BhP. VP.: the phlegmatic or watery humor of the body, phlegm Car. iv, 4 [340,3]

snot, glanders

a horse

the club of Balara1ma

m. n. hunting, chase (cf. %{A-kheTa})

a shield Hcat. i, 5, 529 [Ma1rkP.] and 532 [Br2Na1rP.]

ii, 1

(ifc.) expressing defectiveness or deterioration (Pa1n2. 6-2, 126

e.g. %{nagara-}, `" a miserable town "' ib. Ka1s3.

%{upAnat-}, `" a miserable shoe "' ib. Ka1s3.

%{muni-}, `" a miserable sage "' Ba1lar. ii)

n. grass

(mfn.) low, vile Bhar. xxxiv, 109

armed W.
खेद (kheda) (kheda)
m. lassitude, depression R. &c.

exhaustion, pain, affliction, distress Pan5cat. &c.

sexual passion Pat. Introd. on Va1rtt. 1

(%{khe4dA}) f. an instrument for splitting (belonging to Indra) RV. viii, 72, 8

77, 3

x, 116, 4

N. of a locality Ra1jat. ii, 135. %{-dana}, &c. see %{khid}.
खेल (khela) (khela)
mfn. (in comp. or ifc. g. %{kaDArA7di} Gan2ar. 90) moving, shaking, trembling Vikr. Ragh.

m. N. of a man RV. i, 116, 15

(%{am}) ind. so as to shake or tremble R. ii

(%{A}) f. sport, play g. %{kaNDvAdi}.
ख्यात (khyāta) (khyāta)
mfn. named, called, denominated MBh. &c.

known, well known, celebrated, notorious ib.

told W.
ख्याति (khyāti) (khyāti)
f. `" declaration "', opinion, view, idea, assertion BhP. xi, 16, 24 Sarvad. xv, 201

perception, knowledge Yogas. Tattvas. (= %{buddhi}) Sarvad.

renown, fame, celebrity Mn. xii, 36 MBh. iii, 8273 R. &c.

a name, denomination, title MBh. i

xiv R. iii, 4, 17

Celebrity (personified as daughter of Daksha VP. i, 7, 23

8, 14 f.

9 f.

or of Kardama BhP. iii, 24, 23) Hariv. 7740

N. of a river in Kraun5ca-dvi1pa VP. ii, 4, 55

m. N. of a son of U1ru by A1gneyi1 (v.l. %{svAti}) Hariv. 73 VP. i

of a son of the 4th Manu BhP. viii, 1, 27.
ख्यातव्य (khyātavya) (khyātavya)
mfn. to be styled or called W.

to be told W.

to be celebrated W.
गकार (gakāra) (gakāra)
m. the letter %{ga}. [341,2]
गगन (gagana) (gagana)
n. the atmosphere, sky, firmament R. Sus3r. Ragh. Na1rUp. &c.

talc Bhpr.
गङ्गा (gaṅgā) (gaṅgā)
f. ( %{gam} Un2.) `" swift-goer "', the river Ganges (personified and considered as the eldest daughter of Himavat and Mena1 R. i, 36, 15

as the wife of S3a1ntanu and mother of Bhi1shma MBh. i, 3800 Hariv. 2967 ff.

or as one of the wives of Dharma PadmaP. [341,3]

there is also a Gan3ga1 in the sky [%{AkAza-} or %{vyoma-g-}, qq. vv.

cf. %{khA7pagA}, %{gaganA7pagA} &c.] and one below the earth Hariv. 12782

Bhagi1-ratha is said to have conducted the heavenly Gan3ga1 down to the earth, 810 ff. R. i, ch. 44) RV. x, 75, 5 S3Br. xiii TA1r. &c.

N. of the wife of Ni1la-kan2t2ha and mother of S3am2kara

ifc. see %{dviveda-gaGga}.
गङ्गाद्वार (gaṅgādvāra) (gaṅgādvāra)
n. `" the door of the Ganges "'N. of a town situated where the Ganges enters the plains (also called Hari-dva1ra) MBh. i

iii

xiii

%{-mAhAtmya} n. N. of a part of the SkandaP.
गङ्गालहरी (gaṅgālaharī) (gaṅgālaharī)
f. `" wave of the Ganges "'N. of a work

N. of a statue Katha1s. cxxi, 278.
गच्छत् (gacchat) (gacchat)
mfn. pr. p. P. fr. %{gam} q.v.
गज (gaja) (gaja)
m. an elephant Shad2vBr. v, 3 Mn. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} R. ii, 57, 7)

(= %{dig-g-}) one of the 8 elephants of the regions W.

(hence) the number `" eight "' Su1ryas.

a measure of length (commonly Gaz, equal to two cubits = 1 3/4 Or 2 Hastas)

a mound of earth (sloping on both sides) on which a house may be erected Jyot.

= %{-puTa} q.v.

(in music) a kind of measure

N. of a man MBh. vi, 3997

of an Asura (conquered by S3iva) Ka1s3i1Kh. lxviii

of an attendant on the sun

(%{A}) f. = %{-vIthi} VarBr2S. ix, 1 ff. Sch.

(%{I}) f. a female elephant BhP. iv, 6, 26

x, 33, 23.
गजपति (gajapati) (gajapati)
m. a lord or keeper of elephants Sin6ha7s.

a title given to kings (e.g. to an old king in the south of Jambu-dvi1pa) Rasik. vii, 3

a stately elephant S3is3. vi, 55.
गञ्ज (gañja) (gañja)
1 m. disrespect2 m. n. = $ a treasury, jewel room, place where plate &c. is preserved Ra1jat. iv f. vii Katha1s. xliii, 30

lxxv, 30

(%{as}, %{A}) mf. a mine

m. a cowhouse or station of cowherds

a mart, place where grain &c. is stored for sale W.

(%{A}) f. a tavern Ra1jat. viii, 3028

a drinking-vessel (esp. one for intoxicating liquors)

hemp Bhpr. v, 1, 233

a hut, hovel, abode of low people (%{pAmara-sadman}) W.

for %{guJjA} (Abrus precatorius) W.

cf. %{gagana-}, %{dharma-}.
गण (gaṇa) (gaṇa)
m. a flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, series, class (of animate or inanimate beings), body of followers or attendants&c.

troops or classes of inferior deities (especially certain troops of demi-gods considered as S3iva's attendants and under the special superintendence of the god Gan2e7s3a

cf. %{-devatA}) Mn. Ya1jn5. Lalit. &c.

a single attendant of S3iva VarBr2S. Katha1s. Ra1jat. iii, 270

N. of Gan2e7s3a W.

a company, any assemblage or association of men formed for the attainment of the same aims Mn. Ya1jn5. Hit.

the 9 assemblies of R2ishis under the Arhat Maha1-vi1ra Jain.

a sect in philosophy or religion W.

a small body of troops (= 3 Gulmas or 27 chariots and as many elephants, 81 horses, and 135 foot) MBh. i, 291

a series or group of asterisms or lunar mansions classed under three heads (that of the gods, that of the men, and that of the Ra1kshasas) W.

(in arithm.) a number

(in metre) a foot or four instants (cf. %{-cchandas})

(in Gr.) a series of roots or words following the same rule and called after the first word of the series (e.g. %{ad-Adi}, the g. %{ad} &c. or the whole series of roots of the 2nd class

%{gargA7di}, the g. %{garga} &c. or the series of words commencing with %{garga})

a particular group of Sa1mans La1t2y. i, 6, 5 VarYogay. viii, 7

a kind of perfume

= %{vAc} (i.e. `" a series of verses "') Naigh. i, 11

N. of an author

(%{A}) f. N. of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2645 (cf. %{ahar-}, %{maru4d-}, %{vR4Sa-}, %{sa4-}, %{sapta4-}, %{sa4rva-}

%{deva-}, %{mahA-}, and %{vida-gaNa4}.)
गणक (gaṇaka) (gaṇaka)
mfn. bought for a large sum Pa1n2. 5-1, 22 Ka1s3.

m. one who reckons, arithmetician MBh. ii, 206

xv, 417

a calculator of nativities, astrologer VS. xxx, 20 R. i, 12, 7 Katha1s.

m. pl.N. of a collection of 8 stars VarBr2S. xi, 25

(%{I}) f. the wife of an astrologer Pa1n2. 4-1, 48 Ka1s3.

(%{ikA}) f. a harlot, courtezan Mn. iv Ya1jn5. i, 161 MBh. xiii Mr2icch. &c.

a female elephant

Jasminum auriculatum

AEschynomene Sesban

= %{gaNikA7rikA} q.v.

counting, enumerating W.

apprehension W.
गणन (gaṇana) (gaṇana)
n. reckoning, counting, calculation Pa1n2. 5-4, 17 Pan5cat. Hit.

(%{A}) f. id. MBh. iii Megh. Ragh. &c.

the being enumerated among (in comp.) Ragh. viii, 94

considering, supposing Das3. vii, 185 Hit.

regarding, taking notice of (gen.), consideration Prab. i, 20/21 Ra1jat. v, 308.
गणनापति (gaṇanāpati) (gaṇanāpati)
m. an arithmetician Buddh.

`" master of prudent calculation "', Gan2e7s3a Ra1jat. v, 26.
गणपति (gaṇapati) (gaṇapati)
(%{-Na4-}) m. (g. %{azvapaty-Adi}) the leader of a class or troop or assemblage VS. [343,2]

(Br2ihaspati) RV. ii, 23, 1 (cf. RTL. p. 413)

(Indra) x, 112, 9

S3iva(cf. RTL. pp. 77 and 211)

Gan2e7s3a (cf. also %{mahA-g-}) Pan5cat.

N. of the author of a Comm. on Caurap.

of a poet S3a1rn3gP.

pl.N. of a family Pravar. iii, 1

%{-khaNDa} m. n. N. of BrahmaP. iii

%{-nAtha} m. N. of a man

%{-pUjana} n. the worship of Gan2e7s3a W.

%{-pUrva-tApanIyo7paniSad} f. N. of an Up.

%{-pUrva-tApinI} f. id.

%{-bhaTTa} m. N. of the father of Govinda7nanda

%{-stava-rAja} m. N. of a hymn in praise of Gan2e7s3a

%{-stotra} n. prayers addressed to Gan2e7s3a

%{-hRdayA} f. N. of a goddess Buddh.

%{-ty-ArAdhana} m. a hymn in honour of Gan2e7s3a (attributed to Kan3kola)

%{-ty-upaniSad} f. N. of an Up.
गणित (gaṇita) (gaṇita)
mfn. counted, numbered, reckoned, calculated MBh. BhP. Vet.

(%{am}) n. reckoning, calculating, science of computation (comprising arithmetic, algebra, and geometry, %{pATI-} or %{vyakta-}, %{bIja-}, & %{rekhA-}) MBh. i, 293 Mr2icch. i, 4 VarBr2S. &c.

the astronomical or astrological part of a Jyotih2s3a1stra (with the exception of the portion treating of nativities) VarBr2S.

the sum of a progression

sum (in general).
गणितकउमुदी (gaṇitakaümudī) (gaṇitakaumudī)
f. N. of a Comm. on Li1l.
गणेश (gaṇeśa) (gaṇeśa)
m. (= %{-Na-nAtha}) N. of the god of wisdom and of obstacles (son of S3iva and Pa1rvati1, or according to one legend of Pa1rvati1 alone

though Gan2e7s3a causes obstacles he also removes them

hence he is invoked at the commencement of all undertakings and at the opening of all compositions with the words %{namo@gaNe7zAya@vighne7zvarAya}

he is represented as a short fat man with a protuberant belly, frequently riding on a rat or attended by one, and to denote his sagacity has the head of an elephant, which however has only one tusk

the appellation Gan2e7s3a, with other similar compounds, alludes to his office as chief of the various classes of subordinate gods, who are regarded as S3iva's attendants

cf. RTL. pp. 48, 62, 79, 392, 440

he is said to have written down the MBh. as dictated by Vya1sa MBh. i, 74 ff.

persons possessed, by Gan2e7s3a are referred to Ya1jn5. i, 270 ff.)

N. of S3iva MBh. iii, 1629

= %{gaNa-puMgava} VarBr2. xiii, 8

m. pl. (= %{vidye7za} or %{-zvara}) a class of Siddhas (with S3aivas) Hcat. i, 11, 857 ff

N. of a renowned astronomer of the 16th century

of a son of Ra1ma-deva (author of a Comm. on Nalo7d.) [343,3]

of a son of Vis3vana1tha-di1kshita and grandson of Bha1vara1ma-kr2ishn2a (author of a Comm. called Ciccandrika1)

%{-kumbha} m. N. of a rocky cave in Orissa

%{-kusuma} m. a variety of oleander with red flowers

%{-khaNDa} m. n. N. of BrahmaP. iii

of a section of the SkandaP.

%{-gItA} f. N. of a song in praise of Gan2e7s3a

%{-caturthI} f. the fourth day of the light half of the month Bha1dra (considered as Gan2e7s3a's birthday) RTL. p. 431

%{-tApinI} f. N. of an Up. (cf. %{gaNapati-pUrva-t-})

%{-purANa} n. N. of an Upa-pura1n2a

%{-pUjA} f. the worship of Gan2e7s3a see RTL. pp. 211-217

%{-bhujaMga-prayAtastotra} n. N. of a hymn in praise of Gan2e7s3a (attributed to S3am2kara7ca1rya)

%{-bhUSaNa} n. red lead

%{-mizra} m. N. of a copyist of the last century

%{-yAmala} n. N. of wk.

%{-vimarzinI} f. `" appeasing Gan2e7s3a "'N. of wk.

%{-sahasra-nAman} n. N. of a part of the Gan2P.

%{-stava@rAja} m. N. of a part of the BhavP.

%{-stuti} f. a hymn in honour of Gan2e7s3a by Ra1ghava

%{-zo7papurANa} n. = %{-za-pur-}.
गण्ड (gaṇḍa) (gaṇḍa)
m. (cf. %{galla}) the cheek, whole side of the face including the temple (also said of animals e.g. of an ox VarBr2S.

of a horse ib.

of an elephant [cf. %{-karaTa}] Pan5cat. BhP. &c.) Ya1jn5. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} R2itus.

f. %{I} Katha1s. xx)

the side, Ra1mapu1ja1s3ar.

a bubble, boil, pimple Sus3r. S3ak. ii (Pra1kr2it) Mudr. Vop.

a goitre or any other excrescence of the neck AitBr. i, 25 Car. i Sus3r.

a joint, bone

the bladder

a mark, spot

part of a horse's trappings, stud or button fixed as an ornament upon the harness

a rhinoceros (cf. %{gaNDaka} and %{-DA7Gga})

a hero (cf. %{gaNDIra})

`" the chief "', best, excellent (only in comp.

cf. %{-grAma}, %{-mUrkha}, %{-zilA}, &c.)

N. of the 10th astrological Yoga

an astronomical period (cf. %{gaNDA7nta}) W.

m. n. the abrupt interchange of question and answer (one of the characteristics of the dramatic composition called Vi1thi) Sa1h. vi, 256 and 260 Das3ar. Prata1par.

(%{A}) f. N. of the female attendant of the seven sages MBh. xiii, 4417

the verbal root %{gaND}, 4499

for %{khaNDa} Katha1s. xciv, 66 (cf. %{gaDu}.)
गण्डक (gaṇḍaka) (gaṇḍaka)
m. a rhinoceros

an obstacle

disjunction, separation

a mode of reckoning by fours W.

a coin of the value of four cowries

a kind of science (astrological science or part of it W.)

(ifc.) a mark, spot (?) Buddh.

a metre of 4 x 20 syllables

N. of Ka1la (brother of Prasenajit) Buddh.

(%{As}) m. pl.N. of the Videhas living on the river Gan2d2aki1 MBh. ii, 1062

(%{A}) f. a lump, ball W.

(%{I}) f. N. of a river in the northern part of India MBh. Hariv. &c.

(%{ikA}) f. a hill [Sch.] MBh. vi, 230 and 282

= %{SaNDa-vizeSa}, Bhagavati1, xvi, 4 Sch.

a little knot in the wood (?) Car. vi, 18, 77

anything advanced beyond the first stage or commencement
गण्य (gaṇya) (gaṇya)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 4-4, 84) `" consisting of series (of words or feet) "' i.e. consisting of metrical lines (as a hymn) RV. iii, 7, 5 [`" to he worshipped "' Sa1y.]

belonging to a multitude or class or troop g. %{dig-Adi} and %{vargyA7di} (ifc.)

to be counted or calculated

`" to be considered or regarded "' see %{agra-g-}

to be taken notice of Naish. xi, 20 (%{a-} neg.) see %{gaN}, last col.
गत (gata) (gata)
mfn. gone, gone away, departed, departed from the world, deceased, dead RV. i, 119, 4 AV. &c.

past (as time), gone by Mn. viii, 402 MBh. &c.

disappeared (often in comp.) Mn. vii, 225 MBh. &c.

come, come forth from (in comp. or abl.) R. iv, 56, 10 Katha1s. ii, 11

come to, approached, arrived at, being in, situated in, contained in (acc. or loc. or in comp. e.g. %{sabhAM@g-}, `" come to an assembly "' Mn. viii, 95

%{kAnyakubje@g-}, gone to Ka1nyakubja Pan5cat. v

%{ratha-g-}, sitting or standing in a carriage R. iii

%{Adya-g-}, %{turya-g-}, %{antya-g-}, taking the first, fourth, last place

%{sarva-g-}, spread everywhere Nal. ii, 14) RV. i, 105, 4 AV. x, 10, 32 S3Br. &c.

having walked (a path acc.)

gone to any state or condition, fallen into (acc. or loc. or in comp. e.g. %{kSayaM} or %{-ye@g-}, gone to destruction

%{Apad-g-}, fallen into misfortune Mn. ix, 283) TUp. Mn. &c.

relating to, referring to, connected with (e.g. %{putra-g-@sneha}, love directed towards the son R. i

%{tvad-g-}, belonging to thee)

walked (a path), frequented, visited RV. vii, 57, 3 R. Kum.

spread abroad, celebrated MBh. iii

`" known, understood "', having the meaning of (loc.)

n. going, motion, manner of going MBh. iv, 297 R. S3ak. vii, 7 Vikr. &c.

the being gone or having disappeared Ca1n2.

the place where any one has gone Pa1n2. Ka1s3.

anything past or done, event W.

diffusion, extension, celebration ChUp. vii, 1, 5

manner Pa1n2. 1-3, 21 Va1rtt. 5.
गति (gati) (gati)
f. going, moving, gait, deportment, motion in general RV. v, 64, 3 VS. TS. &c.

manner or power of going

going away Ya1jn5. iii, 170

procession, march, passage, procedure, progress, movement (e.g. %{astra-g-}, the going or flying of missile weapons R. v

%{parAM@gatiM-gam}, `" to go the last way "', to die

%{daiva-g-}, the course of fate R. vi Megh. 93

%{kAvyasya@g-}, the progress or course of a poem R. i, 3, 2)

arriving at, obtaining (with gen. loc., or ifc.) S3Br. ix MBh. &c.

acting accordingly, obeisance towards (loc.) A1p. i, 13 f.

path, way, course (e.g. %{anyatarAM@gatiM-gam}, `" to go either way "', to recover or die A1s3vS3r.) R. Bhag. &c.

a certain division of the moon's path and the position of the planet in it (the diurnal motion of a planet in its orbit?) VarBr2S.

issue Bhag. iv, 29

running wound or sore Sus3r.

place of issue, origin, reason ChUp. i, 8, 4 f. Mn. i, 110 R. Mudr.

possibility, expedient, means Ya1jn5. i, 345 R. i Ma1lav. &c.

a means of success

way or art, method of acting, stratagem R. iii, vi

refuge, resource Mn. viii, 84 R. Katha1s. Vet. iv, 20

cf. RTL. p. 260

the position (of a child at birth) Sus3r.

state, condition, situation, proportion, mode of existence Kat2hUp. iii, 11 Bhag. Pan5cat. &c.

a happy issue

happiness MBh. iii, 17398

the course of the soul through numerous forms of life, metempsychosis, condition of a person undergoing this migration Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.

manner A1s3vGr2. i Sch.

the being understood or meant Pat.

(in gram.) a term for prepositions and some other adverbial prefixes (such as %{alam} &c.) when immediately connected with the tenses of a verb or with verbal derivatives (cf. %{karmapravacanIya}) Pa1n2. 1-4, 60 ff.

vi, 2, 49 ff. and 139

viii, 1, 70 f.

a kind of rhetorical figure Sarasv. ii, 2

a particular high number Buddh.

`" Motion "' (personified as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Pulaha) BhP. i, v, 1

m. N. of a son of Anala Hariv. i, 3, 43.
गतवत् (gatavat) (gatavat)
mfn. going, passing W.

obtaining W.

falling into, feeling, entertaining W.
गतश्रीक (gataśrīka) (gataśrīka)
mfn. one who has lost fortune or high rank MBh. iii, 267, 17

bereft of beauty, disfigured Hariv. 3722.
गतासु (gatāsu) (gatāsu)
mfn. one whose breath has gone, expired, dead RV. x, 18, 8 AV. S3Br. &c. [347,3]
गद (gada) (gada)
m. a sentence MBh. i, 1787

disease, sickness Sus3r. Ragh. &c.

N. of a son of Vasu-deva and younger brother of Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. BhP.

of another son of Vasu-deva by a different mother, ix, 24, 51

n. poison

(%{A}) f. a series of sentences Ra1matUp. ii, 5, 4

a mace, club, bludgeon MBh. R. &c.

Bignonia suaveolens

N. of a musical instrument

of a constellation VarBr2. Laghuj.

v.l. for %{gadhA} TS. Sch. (cf. %{a-gada4}, %{a4-vijJAta-g-}.)
गद (gada) (gada)
m. a sentence MBh. i, 1787

disease, sickness Sus3r. Ragh. &c.

N. of a son of Vasu-deva and younger brother of Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. BhP.

of another son of Vasu-deva by a different mother, ix, 24, 51

n. poison

(%{A}) f. a series of sentences Ra1matUp. ii, 5, 4

a mace, club, bludgeon MBh. R. &c.

Bignonia suaveolens

N. of a musical instrument

of a constellation VarBr2. Laghuj.

v.l. for %{gadhA} TS. Sch. (cf. %{a-gada4}, %{a4-vijJAta-g-}.)
गदि (gadi) (gadi)
f. speaking, speech BhP. xi, 12, 19.
गदा (gadā) (gadā)
f. of %{-da} q.v.
गद्गद (gadgada) (gadgada)
mf(%{A})n. stammering, stuttering (said of persons and of utterances) MBh. &c.

n. stammering, indistinct or convulsive utterance (as sobbing &c.) ib.
गद्य (gadya) (gadya)
mfn. (Pa1n2. 3-1, 100) to be spoken or uttered Bhat2t2. vi, 47

(%{am}) n. prose, composition not metrical yet framed in accordance with harmony, elaborate prose composition MBh. iii, 966 Ka1vya7d. Sa1h. &c.
गन्तव्य (gantavya) (gantavya)
mfn. to be gone Nal. R. &c.

to be accomplished (a way) Pras3nUp. iv Katha1s. xxv

to be gone to or attained MBh. R. Megh. &c.

to be approached for sexual intercourse MBh. xiii, 4973

to be undergone, iii, 14825 R. iii, 1, 32

to be approached with an accusation or accused of (instr.) MBh. xiii, 65 and 68

to be understood Pat.

approaching, imminent A1ryabh. ii, 11/12, 9.
गन्ध (gandha) (gandha)
m. smell, odour (nine kinds are enumerated, viz. %{iSTa}, %{aniSTa}, %{madhura}, %{kaTu}, %{nirhArin}, %{saMhata}, %{snigdha}, %{rUkSa}, %{vizada} MBh. xii, 6848

a tenth kind is called %{amla} L.) RV. i, 162, 10 AV. VS. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} MBh. BhP.)

a fragrant substance, fragrance, scent, perfume (generally used in pl.

in comp. = `" fragrant "' cf. %{-jala} &c.) Gobh. La1t2y. Pa1rGr2. &c.

sulphur

pounded sandal-wood Caurap.

a sectarial mark on the forehead (called so in the south of India) RTL. p. 66

myrrh

Hyperanthera Moringa

(ifc.) the mere smell of anything, small quantity, little MBh. i, 989 Pa1n2. 5-4, 136 Pat. Sus3r. i, 13

connection, relationship

a neighbour

pride, arrogance Megh. 9 (for %{gardha}?)

S3iva MBh. xii, 10378

(%{A}) f. = %{-palAzI}

Desmodium gangeticum

= %{-mohinI}

a metre of 17+18+17+18 syllables

(%{am}) n. smell Dhya1nabUp. 7 and 9

black aloe-wood L.
गन्धर्व (gandharva) (gandharva)
m. a Gandharva [though in later times the Gandharvas are regarded as a class, yet in RV. rarely more than one is mentioned

he is designated as the heavenly Gandharva (%{divya4@g-} RV. ix, 86, 36 and x, 139, 5), and is also called Vis3va1-vasu (RV. x, 85, 21 and 22

139, 4 and 5) and Va1yu-kes3a (in pl. RV. iii, 38, 6)

his habitation is the sky, or the region of the air and the heavenly waters (RV. i, 22, 14

viii, 77, 5

ix, 85, 12

86, 36

x, 10, 4 AV. ii, 2, 3)

his especial duty is to guard the heavenly Soma (RV. ix, 83, 4 and 85, 12), which the gods obtain through his intervention ( vii, 73, 3

cf. RV. i, 22, 14)

it is obtained for the human race by Indra, who conquers the Gandharva and takes it by force (RV. viii, 1, 11 and 77, 5)

the heavenly Gandharva is supposed to be a good physician, because the Soma is considered as the best medicine

possibly, however, the word Soma originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, and the heavenly Gandharva may have been the genius or tutelary deity of the moon

in one passage (RV. ix, 86, 36) the heavenly Gandharva and the Soma are identified

he is also regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses (i, 163, 2

x, 177, 2

cf. 135, 5)

he knows and makes known the secrets of heaven and divine truths generally (x, 139, 5 and 6 AV. ii, 1, 2

xx, 128, 3 VS. xi, 1

xxxii, 9)

he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, Yama and Yami1 (RV. x, 10, 4), and has a peculiar mystical power over women and a right to possess them (RV. x, 85, 21 and 22

40 and 41)

for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies (AV. xiv, 2, 35 and 36)

ecstatic states of mind and possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly Gandharva (cf. %{-gRhIta}, %{-graha})

the Gandharvas as a class have the same characteristic features as the one Gandharva

they live in the sky ( S3Br. xiv), guard the Soma (RV. ix, 113, 3 S3Br. iii AitBr. i, 27), are governed by Varun2a (just as the Apsarasas are governed by Soma) S3Br. xiii A1s3vS3r. x, 7, 3, know the best medicines (AV. viii, 7, 23 VS. xii, 98), regulate the course of the asterisms (AV. xiii, 1, 23 BhP. iv, 29, 21

hence twenty-seven are mentioned VS. ix, 7), follow after women and are desirous of intercourse with them (AV. S3Br. iii)

as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to Soma, the Gandharvas, and Agni (Gr2ihya1s. ii, 19 f. Pan5cat. Sus3r.)

the wives of the Gandharvas are the Apsarasas (cf. %{gandharvA7psara4s}), and like them the Gandharvas are invoked in gambling with dice (AV. vii, 109, 5)

they are also feared as evil beings together with the Ra1kshasas, Kimi1dins, Pis3a1cas, &c., amulets being worn as a protection against them (AV. Sus3r.)

they are said to have revealed the Vedas to Va1c (S3Br. iii

cf. Pa1rGr2. ii, 12, 2), and are called the preceptors of the R2ishis (S3Br. xi)

Puru1ravas is called among them (ib.)

in epic poetry the Gandharvas are the celestial musicians or heavenly singers (cf. RV. x, 177, 2) who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, and they belong together with the Apsarasas to Indra's heaven, sharing also in his battles (Ya1jn5. i, 71 MBh. Hariv. &c.

cf. RTL. p. 238)

in the more systematic mythology the Gandharvas constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided (i.e. gods, manes, Gandharvas AV. xi, 5, 2

or gods, Asuras, Gandharvas, men TS. vii, 8, 25, 2

cf. S3Br. x

or gods, men, Gandharvas, Apsarasas, Sarpas, and manes AitBr. iii, 31, 5

for other enumerations cf. Nir. iii, 8 Mn. i, 37 [RTL. p. 237] & iii, 196

vii, 23

xii, 47 Nal. &c.)

divine and human Gandharvas are distinguished (TUp. ii, 8

the divine or Deva-Gandharvas are enumerated MBh. i, 2550 ff. and 4810 ff.)

another passage names 11 classes of Gandharvas (TA1r. i, 9, 3)

the chief or leader of the Gandharvas is named Citra-ratha (Bhag. x, 26)

they are called the creatures of Praja1pati (Mn. i, 37) or of Brahma1 (Hariv. 11793) or of Kas3yapa (11850) or of the Munis (MBh. i, 2550 Hariv. 11553) or of Pra1dha1 (MBh. i, 2556) or of Arisht2a1 (Hariv. 234 VP. i, 21) or of Va1c (PadmaP.)

with Jainas the Gandharvas constitute one of the eight classes of the Vyantaras]

N. of the attendant of the 17th Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1

a singer VarBr2S. lxxxvii, 33 BhP. i, 11, 21

the Koi0l or black cuckoo

a sage, pious man Mahi1dh. on VS. xxxii, 9

a horse MBh. iii, 11762

cf. ii, 1043

the musk deer (derived fr. %{gandha})

the soul after death and previous to its being born again (corresponding in some respects to the western notion of a ghost)[346,2]

N. of the 14th Kalpa or period of the world Va1yuP. i, 21, 30

of the 21st Muhu1rta Su1ryapr.

of a Svara or tone (for %{gAndhAra}?) Hariv. ii, 120, 4

m. pl. the Gandharvas (see above)

N. of a people (named together with the Ga1ndha1ras) R. vii, 100, 10 f. and 101, 2 ff. and 11 VarBr2S. xiv, 31

(%{A}) f. Durga1 Hariv. ii, 120, 4 (v.l. %{gAndharvI})

(%{I4}) f. Gandharvi1 (daughter of Surabhi and mother of the race of horses MBh. i, 2631 f. R. iii, 20, 28 f. Va1yuP.) RV. x, 11, 2 R.

night BhP. iv, 29, 21

[cf. Gk. $ fr. $.] &107257[346,2]
गन्धवत् (gandhavat) (gandhavat)
mfn. endowed with the quality of smell Tarkas.

(g. %{rasA7di}) endowed with fragrance, scented, odoriferous Gobh. MBh. R. &c.

(%{tI}) f. = %{-mAtri}

a kind of jasmine

= %{-dho7ttamA}

a kind of perfume

= %{-kAlI} MBh. i, 2411

N. of a city belonging to Va1yu SkandaP.

of a city belonging to Varun2a

N. of a river Megh. 34.