गण्ड

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• गल्ल (galla)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গণ্ড (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬡ᭄ᬟ (Balinese script)
• গণ্ড (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰜𑰿𑰚 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
• ဂဏ္ဍ (Burmese script)
• ગણ્ડ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਣ੍ਡ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌣𑍍𑌡 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦟ꧀ꦝ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂝𑂹𑂙 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಣ್ಡ (Kannada script)
• គណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
• ຄຓ຺ຑ (Lao script)
• ഗണ്ഡ (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠᢏᡷᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘜𑘿𑘚 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᢏᢎᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑦼𑧠𑦺 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐞𑑂𑐜 (Newa script)
• ଗଣ୍ଡ (Odia script)
• ꢔꢠ꣄ꢞ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆟𑇀𑆝 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖜𑖿𑖚 (Siddham script)
• ගණ‍්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩪 𑪙𑩨 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚘𑚶𑚖 (Takri script)
• க³ண்ட³ (Tamil script)
• గణ్డ (Telugu script)
• คณฺฑ (Thai script)
• ག་ཎྜ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒝𑓂𑒛 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨘𑩇𑨖 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Kannada ಗಂಟು (gaṇṭu, “joint of reed”), Telugu గంట (gaṇṭa, “a knot”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɳ.ɖɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɳ.ɖɐ/
• Hyphenation: गण्‧ड

Noun

गण्ड • (gaṇḍá) stem, m

1. the cheek, the whole side of the face including the temple
2. a side
3. a bubble, boil, pimple
4. a goiter or any other excrescence of the neck
5. a joint, bone
6. the bladder
7. a mark, spot

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गण्ड

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गण्डः (gaṇḍáḥ)	गण्डौ (gaṇḍaú) गण्डा¹ (gaṇḍā́¹)	गण्डाः (gaṇḍā́ḥ) गण्डासः¹ (gaṇḍā́saḥ¹)
vocative	गण्ड (gáṇḍa)	गण्डौ (gáṇḍau) गण्डा¹ (gáṇḍā¹)	गण्डाः (gáṇḍāḥ) गण्डासः¹ (gáṇḍāsaḥ¹)
accusative	गण्डम् (gaṇḍám)	गण्डौ (gaṇḍaú) गण्डा¹ (gaṇḍā́¹)	गण्डान् (gaṇḍā́n)
instrumental	गण्डेन (gaṇḍéna)	गण्डाभ्याम् (gaṇḍā́bhyām)	गण्डैः (gaṇḍaíḥ) गण्डेभिः¹ (gaṇḍébhiḥ¹)
dative	गण्डाय (gaṇḍā́ya)	गण्डाभ्याम् (gaṇḍā́bhyām)	गण्डेभ्यः (gaṇḍébhyaḥ)
ablative	गण्डात् (gaṇḍā́t)	गण्डाभ्याम् (gaṇḍā́bhyām)	गण्डेभ्यः (gaṇḍébhyaḥ)
genitive	गण्डस्य (gaṇḍásya)	गण्डयोः (gaṇḍáyoḥ)	गण्डानाम् (gaṇḍā́nām)
locative	गण्डे (gaṇḍé)	गण्डयोः (gaṇḍáyoḥ)	गण्डेषु (gaṇḍéṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: gaṇḍa
• Prakrit: 𑀕𑀀𑀟 (gam̐ḍa)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Gujarati: ગાંડ (gā̃ḍ), ગાંડુ (gā̃ḍu)
      • Hindustani: gā̃ṛ, gā̃ṛū, gānḍ
        • Hindi: गाँड़, गाँड़ू, गांड
        • Urdu: گَاںڑ, گَاںڑُو, گَانڈ
      • Romani: gāro
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: গাঁৰ (gãr)
      • Bengali: গাঁড় (gãṛ), গাঁড়ি (gãṛi)
      • Bihari:
        • Maithili: गाँड़ि (gā̃ṛɨ)
      • Odia: ଗାଏଁଡ଼ (gāẽṛa)
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Central Pahari:
        • Kumaoni: गान (gān), गाण (gāṇ), गाणि (gāṇi)
      • Eastern Pahari:
        • Nepali: गाँण (gā̃ṇ), गाँडि (gā̃ḍi), गाँडु (gā̃ḍu)
      • Western Pahari:
        • Bhadrawahi: गण्ड (gaṇḍ), गान (gān)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ގަނޑު (gaⁿḍu)
      • Sinhalese: ගඩුව (gaḍuwa)
  • Western:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi: gann, gannī, gāṇḍ

        Gurmukhi script: ਗੰਨ, ਗੰਨੀ, ਗੰਡ

        Shahmukhi script: گَنّ, گَنِّی, گَاڻڊ

        • Lahnda: گنه (gannh)
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi: g̠ani, g̠anri, gā̃ḍi

        Arabic script: ڳَنِ, ڳَنرِ, گَنڊِ

        Devanagari script: ॻनि, ॻन्रि, गाँडि

        • Kachchi: ગંઢો (gaṇḍho)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɳ.ɖɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɳ.ɖɐ/
• Hyphenation: गण्‧ड

Noun

गण्ड • (gaṇḍa) stem, m

1. rhinoceros

Derived terms

• Sanskrit: गण्डक (gaṇḍaka)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: gö̃ḍ

    Arabic script: گٔنڈ

    Devanagari script: गऺँड

• Central:
  • Hindustani: gaĩṛā
    • Hindi: गैँड़ा
    • Urdu: گَیںڑَا (ga͠iṛā)
      • → Dhivehi: ގެންޑާ (gen̊ḍā)
• Eastern:
  • Early Assamese: গণ্ড (goṇḍo)
    • Assamese: গঁড় (gõr)
  • Kamta: গেঁড়া (gẽra)
• Northern:
  • Nepali: गैँडो (ga͠iḍo)
• Northwestern:
  • Punjabi: gaĩḍā|, gaĩḍī

    Gurmukhi script: ਗੈਂਡਾ, ਗੈਂਡੀ

    Shahmukhi script: گَیںڈَا, گَیںڈِی

  • Sindhi: geṇḍo

    Arabic script: گيڻڊو

    Devanagari script: गेंडो

• Eastern:
  • Chakma: 𑄉𑄧𑄚𑄳𑄘 (gandā), 𑄉𑄧𑄚𑄴𑄘 (gandā)
• Southern:
  • Marathi: गेंडा (geṇḍā)
• Western:
  • Gujarati: ગેંડો (geṇḍo)
• → Portuguese: ganda

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gaṇḍá¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 213