Appendix:Spanish verbs/a

-AR

abalanzar (abalanz-) weigh,balance
abalanzarse (abalanz-) rush, pounce
abandonar (abandon-) to abandon, leave, forsake, give up
abanicar (abanic-) to fan
abanicarse (abanic-) to fan oneself
abaratar abarat-) to make cheaper
abaratarse (abarat-) to go down in price
abarcar (abarc-)to cover, embrace, take in
abarrotar (abarrot-) to stow, pack tightly
abdicar (abdic-) to abdicate, relinquish
abjurar (abjur-) to forswear, abjure
ablandar (abland-) to soften, soothe
abnegarse (abneg-) to deny oneself
abocar (aboc-) to seize with the mouth
abocarse (aboc-) to approach, meet
abochornar (abochorn-) to embarrass, burn up, overheat
abofetear (abofete-) to slap in the face
abogar (abog-) to advocate, plead
abollar (aboll-) to dent, bruise
abombar (abomb-) to warp, make convex, stun
abominar (abomin-) to abominate, abhor
abonar (abon-) to guarantee
abonarse (abon-) to subscribe
abordar (abord-/to board, dock
aborregar (aborreg-) to tame, subdue
aborregarse (aborreg-) to follow, cloud over
abortar (abort-) to abort
abotargarse (abotargar-) to be unable to think straight
abotonar (aboton-) to button up
abrasar (abras-) to burn up, scorch
abrasarse (abras-) to be parched
abrazar (abraz-, 1st z-c /θ/) to hug, embrace, clasp, cling
abreviar (abrevi-) to abreviate, reduce
abrigar (abrig-) to shelter, protect
abrigarse (abrig-) to take shelter, wrap up
abrochar (abroch-) to button, hook
abrumar (abrum-) to crush, oppress
abuchear (abuche-) to boo at, jeer/at
abultar (abult-) to make large, enlarge
abundar (abund-) to abound in, be rich in
abusar (abus-) to abuse, misuse
acabar (acab-) to complete, finish, end
acabarse (acab-) to stop, come to an end
acallar (acall-) to silence, hush
acalorar (acalor-) to get warm, make hot
acalorarse (acalor-) to get too hot, become overheated
acampar (acamp-) to camp, go camping
acanallar (acanall-) to debase, humiliate
acaparar (acapar-) to monopolize, corner/the market in
acariciar (acarici-) to pet, caress, fondle
acarrear (acarre-) to transport, cart, haul
acartonarse (acarton-) to get stiff, become wizened
acatar (acat-) to respect, esteem
acaudillar (acaudill-) to lead, command
accionar (accion-) to work, gesticulate, signal
acechar (acech-) to spy on, lie in wait for
acelerar (aceler-) to accelerate, hasten, hurry, speed
acentuar (u-ú acentú-) to stress, accent, accentuate
acentuarse (u-ú acentú-) to make more noticable
aceptar (acept-) to accept
acercar (acerc-, 1stc-qu /k/ ) to bring close, place close/by, to approach
acercarse (acerc-, 1stc-qu) to approach, come nearer
acertar (aciert-, e-ie) to hit the mark, hit upon, succeed
achacar (achac-/1stc-qu) to attribute to, impute to
achantar (achant-) to scare
achantarse (achant-) to back down, go on
achicar (achic-/1stc-qu) to make smaller, intimidate
achicarse (achic-/1stc-qu) to lose/heart
achicharrar (achicharr-) to fry crisp, overcook,burn
achicharrarse (achicharr-) to get burnt
achuchar (achuch-) to squeeze, urge on
acicalar (acical-) to polish, clean, dress up
acicalarse (acical-) to get dressed up
aclamar (aclam-) to acclaim, applaud, shout, hail
aclarar (aclar-) to explain, clarify, make clear/
aclararse (aclar-) to make up one’s mind
aclimatar (aclimat-) to acclimatize, get used to
aclimatarse (aclimat-) to get acclimatized
acobardar (acobard-) to intimidate
acobardarse (acobard-) to flinch, shrink
acolchar (acolch-) to quilt, pad
acomodar (acomod-) to arrange, find room for, fit
acomodarse (acomod-) to comply, adapt
acompañar (acompañ-) to accompany, go along
acomplejar (acomplej-) to give a complex
acomplejarse (acomplej-) to develop a complex
acondicionar (acondicion-) to arrange, prepare
acongojar (acongoj-) to distress, aggrieve
acongojarse (acongoj-) to become distressed
aconsejar (aconsej-) to counsel, advise
acopiar (acopi-) to gather/together, collect
acoplar (acopl-) to join, couple, fit together
aconquinar (aconquin-) to pay
acordar (o-ue/acuerd-) to remember, resolve, decide, agree upon
acordarse (o-ue/acuerd-;acord-) to agree, remember
acordonar (acordon-) to tie up, cordon off
acorralar (acorral-) to pen, corral
acortar (o-ue acuert-) to shorten, cut down
acosar (acos-) to pursue, harrass
acostar (o-ue/acuest-) to put to bed, lay down, stretch
acostarse (o-ue acuest-) to go do bed, lie down
acostumbrar (acostumbr-) to be accustomed, be in the habit of
acostumbrarse (acostumbr-) to accustom oneself
acotar (acot-) to survey, mark out, annotate
acrecentar (acrecent-) to increase, promote
acreditar (acredit-) to accredit, credit
acribillar (acribill-/to pepper, riddle, pester
activar (activ-) to activate, energize, speed up
actualizar (actualic-/1stc-qu) to realize, make happen
actuar (-úo/actú-) to put into action, act
acuchillar (acuchill-) to knife, cut, cut open, slash
acuciar (acuci-) to urge on, hasten, prod (on)
acumular (acumul-) to accumulate
acumularse (acumul-) to build up, accumulate, gather
acunar (acun-) to rock (a cradle)
acuñar (acuñ-) to mint, coin, strike
acurrucarse/acurruc-/1stc-qu/to squat, curl up, snuggle
acusar/acus-/to accuse/
acusarse/acus-/to confess
adaptar/adapt-/to adapt
adaptarse/adapt-/to adapt oneself (to)
adecentar/adecent-/to make decent, tidy up
adecuar/u-ú/adecú-/to fit, adapt
adelantar/adelant-/to advance, front, keep on, gain
adelantarse/adelant-/to go forward, go ahead
adelgazar (adelgaz-/to make thin, purify, refine
adentrar/adentr-/to go into, get into
adentrarse/adentr-/to go into get into
aderezar/aderez-/to prepare, get ready, embellish
aderezarse/aderez-/to prepare
adeudar (adeud-/to owe, be liable for
adeudarse/adeud-/to run into debt
adherir/i-ie adhier-/to stick to
adherirse/i-ie adhier-/to espouse
adiestrar/adiestr-/to train, guide
adivinar/adivin-/to guess, divine, foretell
adivinarse/adivin-/to prophesy, foretell
adjetivar/adjetiv-/to describe
adjudicar/1stc-qu adjudic-/to adjudge, pronounce, award
adjudicarse/1stc-qu adjudic-/to appropriate
adjuntar (adjunt-/to append, enclose
administrar (administr-/to administer/
admirar (admir-/to admire
admirarse/admir-/to be suprised, wonder
admitir (admit-/to admit, accept
adobar/adob-/to dress, prepare
adoptar/adopt-/to adopt
adorar/ador-/to adore, worship
adornar/adorn-/to adorn, decorate
adueñarse/adueñ-/to take over
adular/adul-/to flatter, make up to
adulterar/adulter-/to adulterate, make impure
afanar/afan-/to nick, pinch
afanarse/afan-/to toil, work hard
afear/afe-/to make ugly
afectar/afect-/to affect, feign, pretend
afeitar/afeit-/to shave
afeitarse/afeit-/to have a shave
aferrar/aferr-/to grapple, seize
aferrarse/aferr-/to grapple, cling
afianzar/afianz-/to support
afianzarse/afianz-/to support, prop up
aficionar/aficion-/to make someone keen
aficionarse/aficion-/to get fond of, take (a fancy) to
afilar (afil-) to sharpen
afilarse (afil-) to get sharp
afinar/afin-/to perfect, polish, tune
afincarse/afinc-/to settle down
afirmar/afirm-/to affirm
aflojar/afloj-/to slacken, loosen, release
aflojarse/afloj-/to slack off, work loose
aflorar/aflor-/to crop out, crop up, outcrop
afrontar/afront-/to confront, bring face to face
agachar/agach-/to lower, bend down
agacharse/agach-/to crouch, duck
agarrar/agarr-/to grab, seize, grasp, get hold of
agarrarse/agarr-/to grasp one another, grapple
agasajar/agasaj-/to treat kindly, make much of
agilizar/agiliz-/to speed up
agitar/agit-/to shake up, agitate, stir/up, wave
agitarse/agit-/to shake, wave to and fro
aglomerar/aglomer-/to form a mass, crowd together
aglomerarse/aglomer-/to crowd together
agobiar/agobi-/to weigh down, burden
agobiarse/agobi-/to be weighed down with
agolparse/agolp-/to crowd together, throng
agonizar/agoniz-/1stz-c/to be dyin
agotar/agot-/to use/up, exhaust
agotarse/agot-/to be(come) exhausted
agradar/agrad-/to please, be pleasing to
agrandar/agrand-/to enlarge, grow larger, increase/
agrandarse/agrand-/to grow, make bigger, enlarge
agravar/agrav-/to aggravate, make/worse, burden
agravarse/agrav-/to worsen
agraviar/-ío/agraví-/to offend, outrage, hurt, wrong
agregar/agreg-/1stg-gu/to add, collect, collate, gather/
agriar/(-ío)/(agrí-) agri-/to sour, embitter, turn sour
agriarse/(-ío)/(agrí-) agri-/to turn sour
agrietar/agriet-/to crack open
agrietarse/agriet-/to get cracked, chap
agrupar/agrup-/to group, form groups
agruparse/agrup-/to crowd together
aguantar/aguant-/to endure, tolerate, put up with
aguantarse/aguant-/to hold oneself back
aguardar/aguard-/to expect, wait for/
agudizar/agudiz-/1stz-c to intensify
agudizarse/agudiz-/1stz-c to intensify
aguijonear/aguijone-/to spurr/on
agujerear/agujere-/to pierce, perforate, puncture, bore
aguzar/aguz-/1stz-c to sharpen
aguzarse/aguz-/1stz-c to sharpen
ahogar (ahog-/1stg-gu to drown, choke, smother, suffocate

ahogarse/ahog-/1stg-gu to drown onself, suffocate

ahondar (ahond-/to deepen, penetrate
ahorcar (ahorc-/1stc-qu/to hang
ahorcarse (ahorc-/1stc-qu/to be hanged
ahorrar (ahorr-/to save (not waste)
ahorrarse/ahorr-/to spare oneself, save oneself
ahuecar (ahuec-/1stc-qu/to hollow out
ahumar (u-ú, ahúm-/to cure, smoke
ahuyentar (ahuyent-/to drive away, scare away
airear (aire-/to air, ventilate
aislar (i-í, aísl) to isolate
ajustar (ajust-/to fit, fasten, adjust
ajusticiar (ajustici-/to execute
alabar (alab-/to praise/
alardear/alarde-/to boast, brag
alargar/alarg-/1stg-gu/to lengthen, prolong
alargarse/alarg-/1stg-gu/to draw out, lengthen
alarmar/alarm-/to alarm
alarmarse/alarm-/to be(come) alarmed
albergar/alberg-/to shelter, lodge
albergarse/alberg-/to find shelter, lodge
alborotar/alborot-/to disturb, agitate, stir/up
alborotarse/alborot-/to get excited, riot
alcanzar/alcanz-/1stz-c/to reach, overtake, make it, suffice
aleccionar/aleccion-/to teach, coach
alegar (aleg-/1stg-gu to plead, allege
alegrar alegr-/to gladden, cheer/up
alegrarse (alegr-/to be glad, be happy
alejar/alej-/to move away
alejarse (alej-/to move something away
alentar (e-ie alient-/to encourage, inspire
aliar (i-í, -ío/alí-; ali-/to ally, league, unite
alicatar/alicat-/to tile
alienar/alien-/to alienate, isolate
aligerar/aliger-/to lighten, ease, relieve
alimentar/aliment-/to feed, nourish, sustain
alimentarse/aliment-/to feed oneself
alinear/aline-/to align, line (up)
alinearse/aline-/to line up
aliñar/aliñ-/to season
alisar/alis-/to smooth, polish
alisarse (alis-/to straighten, smooth
alistar (alist-/to put on a list
alistarse (alist-/to enroll, enlist, join up
aliviar/alivi-/to lighten, unburden, alleviate, relieve
aliviarse/alivi-/to get relief
allanar (allan-) to level out, flatten
almacenar (almacen-) to store
almidonar (almidon-) to starch
almorzar (almuerz-, o-ue, /θ/)to eat lunch
alojar (aloj-) to lodge, house, quarter/
alojarse (aloj-) to lodge, be billeted
alquilar (alquil-) to rent, hire
alterar (alter-) to alter, change, disturb, upset
alterarse (alter-) to be disturbed, to change
alternar (altern-) to alternate, interchange, vary
alternarse (altern-) to take turns
alucinar (alucin-) to hallucinate
alumbrar (alumbr-) to illuminate, light, enlighten
alzar (alz-/1stz-c /θ/)to store, lift, raise, pick up, put up
alzarse (alz-/1stz-c) to rise/up, revolt
amaestrar (amaestr-)to train, break in
amagar/amag-/1stg-gu to threaten, show signs of
amainar/amain-/to take in, shorten
amalgamar (amlgam-/to almalgamate
amamantar/amamant-/to suckle
amansar/amans-/to tame, break in, subdue
amañar (amañ-) to do skillfully, do cleverly, fake
amañarse (amañ-) to be handy, be expert
amar (am-) to love
amarse/am-/to love one another
amarar (amar-/to land (on (from the sea))
amargar (amarg-/1stg-gu to make bitter, embitter, spoil
amargarse/amarg-/1stg-gu/to get bitter
amasar/amas-/to knead, mix, mash
ambicionar (ambicion-/to strive after, seek
ambientar (ambient-/to liven up
ambientarse/ambient-/to get used to adapte
amedrentar/amedrent-/to scare, intimidate
amedrentarse/amendrent-/to get scared
amenazar/amenac-/1stc-qu/to threaten, menace
amenizar (ameniz-/1stz-c to liven up
amerizar (ameriz-/1stz-c to land (on (from the sea))
ametrallar (ametrall-/to machine-gun, shoot
amilanar/amilan-/to intimidate, cow
amilanarse/amilan-/to be cowed, be scared
aminorar/aminor-/to lessen, cut down, slacken
amnistiar/-ío/amnistí-/to amnesty
amodorrarse/amodorr-/to get sleepy, get drowsy
amohinar (i-í, amohín-) to vex, annoy
amohinarse/i-í amohín-/to get vexed, get annoyed, sulk
amoldar (amold-/to mould, adjust, adapt
amoldarse/amold-/to adapt oneself, adjust oneself
amonestar/amonest-/to warn, remind, reprove, admonish
amontonar/amonton-/to heap (up), pile (up), accumulate
amontonarse/amonton-/to pile (up), accumulate, collect
amordazar (amordaz-/1stz-c) to muzzle, gag
amortajar (amortaj-/to shroud, lay out
amortiguar (amortigu-/1stgu-gü, /gw/)to cushion, muffle
amortizar (amortiz-/1stz-c) to amortize, pay off
amotinar (amotin-/to intice into riot
amotinarse/amotin-/to rise/up, revolt
amparar (ampar-/to help, protect, shelter
ampararse/ampar-/to seek help, seek protection
ampliar (i-í amplí-/to amplify, enlarge, extend
amplificar (amplific-/1stc-qu/to enlarge, amplify, magnify
amputar (amput-/to amputate, cut off
amueblar (amuebl-/to furnish, appoint
amurallar (amurall-/to wall (in)
analizar (analiz-/1stz-c) to analyze
anclar (ancl-) to anchor
andar (and-, anduv-) to go, be about, be out and about
anegar (e-ie, anieg-;aneg-/1stg-gu) to drown, flood
anegarse (e-ie, anieg-;aneg-/1stg-gu) to drown, be flooded
anestesiar (anestesi-/to anesthetize, numb
anexionar (anexion-/to annex
angustiar (angusti-/to grieve, distress
anhelar (anhel-/to be eager/for, yearn for, yearn to, gasp
anidar (anid-/to shelter, take in, live, make one’s home
animar (anim-) to give life to, animate, cheer/up
animarse/anim-/to brighten up, cheer/up
aniquilar/aniquil-/to annihiate, destroy
anotar/anot-/to annotate, interpret
ansiar (ansi-, i-í)to long for, yearn for, covet
anticipar/anticip-) to advance, bring forward
anticiparse (anticip-) to take place early
antojarse (antoj-) to take a fancy to
anudar (anud-) to knot, tie, join
anular (anul-) to annul, cancel
anunciar (anunci-) to announce, foretell, proclaim
anunciarse (anunci-) to announce, proclaim, advertise
añorar (añor-) to long for, pine for, grieve for
apabullar (apabull-/to bewilder
apaciguar (apacigü-)to pacify
apaciguarse to calm down, quieten down
apadrinar (apadrin-/to sponsor
apagar (apag-/1stg-gu, /g/)to turn off, turn out, extinguish
apalabrar/apalabr-/to make a verbal agreement on
apalancar/apalanc-/1stc-qu/to lever/(up)
apalancarse/apalanc-/1stc-qu/to settle in
apalear/apale-/to beat, thrash
apañar (apañ-/to pick up, take hold of
apañarse (apañ-) to contrive to
aparcar/aparc-/1stc-qu/to park (a vehicle)
aparear/apare-/to make even, level up
aparearse/apare-/to make even, level up
aparentar/aparent-/to feign, affect, look
apartar/apart-/to separate, divide, part
apartarse/apart-/to separate, move away
apasionar/apasion-/to stir/deeply
apear/ape-/to dispose, get rid of
apearseape-/to dismount, get down, get off
apechugar (apechug-/1stg-gu/to shoulder
apedrear (apedre-/to throw stones at
apegarse/apeg-/to become attached to, grow fond of
apelar (apel-/to appeal
apelotonar (apeloton-/to make into a ball,pile up
apelotonarse/apeloton-/to crowd together
apenar/apen-/to trouble, sadden
apenarse/apen-/to grieve
apencar (apec-/1stc-qu/to put up, bear
apesadumbrar/ apesadumbr-/to grieve, distress, sadden
apestar/apest-/to corrupt, sicken, nauseate, plague
apiadar (apiad-/to take pity on
apiadarse/apiad-/to take pity on
apilar
aplicar/aplic-/1stc-qu/to apply
apoyar/apoy-/to support, back, favor, lean on
apoyarse/apoy-/to be based on, to lean on
apreciar (apreci-) to appreciate, appraise, esteem
apretar/e-ie/apriet-/to tighten
aprobar/o-ue/aprueb-/to approve, pass a test
apuntar/apunt-/ to note
apurarse/apur-/to grieve, worry, fret
argumentar/argument-/to reason, dispute
armar/arm-/to arm
arrancar (arranc-, 1stc-qu, /k/)to root up, pull up, pull away, tear/off, snatch
arrasar/arras-/ to devastate
arreglar (arregl-) to arrange, set in order, settle, repair, adjust
arrestar/arrest-/to arrest
arriar/-ío/arrí-/to lower, strike (boat), to flood, be flooded
arrojar (arroj-/to fling, throw, hurl
articular (articul-/to articulate, pronounce clearly
asaltar asalt-/to assault, storm, assail
asar /as-/ to roast
asegurarasegur-/to assure, affirm, insure, assert
asesinar (asesin-)to assassinate, murder/
asignar (asign-/to assign, allot
asociar (asoci-/to associate
aspiraraspir-/to vacuum, inhale, breathe in, draw
asustarasust-/to scare, frighten
atacar/atac-/1stc-qu/to attack
atrapar/atrap-/to overtake, catch
atravesar (e-ie/atravies-/to go through, cross, run through
aumentar aument-/to augment, increase, magnify, gain weight
autorizar (autoriz-, orth./θ/) to authorize
avanzar (avanz-, 1stz-c) to advance, go forward
avergonzar (o-ue, avergüenc-, 1stz-c)to embarrass oneself, be ashamed
averiguar (averigu-, 1stu-ü, /gw/) to verify, inquire, ascertain, find out
ayudar (ayud-) to help, assist, aid, succour/
ayunar (ayun-) to fast

-ER

abastecer (abastec-) to supply, provide
aborrecer (aborrec-) to hate, detest
absolver (o-ue/absuelv-) to absolve, acquit
absorber (absorb-) to absorb
abstenerse (e-ie, -go/absteng-/abstuv-/abstendr-) to abstain, refrain from, forbear/
abstraer/abstra-/to abstract
abstraerse/abstra-/to be absorbed, abstracted
acoger/-jo/acog-/to welcome, receive
acogerse/-jo/acog-/to take refuge in
acometer/acomet-/to attack, set upon
acaecer/-zco acaec-/to happen, occur
acontecer/acontec-/to happen, occur
acceder (acced-/to accede, agree to
agradecer (-zco/agradec-/agradezc-) to thank for, acknowledge
amanecer (-zco amanec-/to dawn, get light, wake up at dawn
anochecer (-zco/anochec-/to become night, get dark
anteceder/anteced-/to precede, go before
anteponer (-pongo/to place in front of, prefer
apetecer (-zco/apetec-/to feel like
aparecer (-zco/aparec-) to show up, appear
aparecerse/-zco/aparec-/to appear
aprehender (aprehend-) to apprehend
aprender (aprend-) to learn
ascender (e-ie, asciend-) to ascend, promote
atender (e-ie, atiend-) to attend, pay attention, heed
atraer (-igo, atraig-, atraj-) to attract
atrever /atrev-/ to dare

-IR

abatir (abat-)to overthrow, knock down, throw down
abolir (abol-) to abolish
abrir (abr-) to open
abrirse (abr-) to open out
aburrir (aburr-) to bore, be boring
aburrirse (aburr-) to be bored, get bored
acudir (acud-/to attend, answer/a call, come to rescue
admitir/admit-/to admit, grant, permit
adquirir (i-ie/adquier-) to get, acquire, obtain
adscribir (adscrib-) to ascribe, appoint
adscirbirse (adscrib-) to affiliate
aducir (aduc-/to adduce; ) bring forward
advertir (e-ie adviert-/3rd e-i to advise, give warning
afligir (-jo, aflig-, /x/) to afflict, be afflicted
afligirse (-jo aflig-)to grieve
afluir (-yo/afluy-/3rd i-y) to flow in, into, to, or/towards
agredir/agred-/to assault
aludir/alud-/to allude to, mention
añadir (añad-/to join, augment, increase
aplaudir (aplaud-) to applaud
apercibir (apercib-) to prepare, provide
apercibirse (apercib-) to prepare, provide
asistir (asist-) to attend (classes)
asumir (asum-) to assume
atribuir (-yo, atribui-, 3rd i-y)to attribute