-uttaa
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]-ua (passive suffix) + -ttaa (causative suffix), mostly by analogy. The denominal suffix may be partially from -uus, -us (suffix forming nouns from adjectives, stem -(u)ut(e)) + -taa, but is likely just transferred from the deverbal suffix.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-uttaa (front vowel harmony variant -yttää, stem -utta-, linguistic notation -UttA- or -UttAA)
- (deverbative) Forms causative, curative, or factitive verbs from verbs.
- aivastaa (“to sneeze”) + -uttaa → aivastuttaa (“to cause to sneeze”)
- rakentaa (“to build”) + -uttaa → rakennuttaa (“to have something built”)
- räjähtää (“to explode, blow up”) + -uttaa → räjäyttää (“to blow up, detonate, destroy by exploding”)
- (denominal) Forms factitive verbs from nominals.
- Variant of -ttaa with a frequentative nuance, especially used for onomatopoeic or sound-symbolic verbs.
Usage notes
[edit]- With -ahtaa (momentane) verbs, the final -ht- usually disappears entirely (through *-ahdutta- > *-ahutta- (regular loss in e.g. eastern dialects) > *-autta-). This has led to -auttaa becoming its own pseudo-suffix. Some derivations, particularly more recent ones, may preserve the -hd-.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of -uttaa (Kotus type 53*C/muistaa, tt-t gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -utan | en -uta | 1st sing. | olen -uttanut | en ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -utat | et -uta | 2nd sing. | olet -uttanut | et ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -uttaa | ei -uta | 3rd sing. | on -uttanut | ei ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -utamme | emme -uta | 1st plur. | olemme -uttaneet | emme ole -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -utatte | ette -uta | 2nd plur. | olette -uttaneet | ette ole -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -uttavat | eivät -uta | 3rd plur. | ovat -uttaneet | eivät ole -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -utetaan | ei -uteta | passive | on -utettu | ei ole -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -utin | en -uttanut | 1st sing. | olin -uttanut | en ollut -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -utit | et -uttanut | 2nd sing. | olit -uttanut | et ollut -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -utti | ei -uttanut | 3rd sing. | oli -uttanut | ei ollut -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -utimme | emme -uttaneet | 1st plur. | olimme -uttaneet | emme olleet -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -utitte | ette -uttaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -uttaneet | ette olleet -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -uttivat | eivät -uttaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -uttaneet | eivät olleet -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -utettiin | ei -utettu | passive | oli -utettu | ei ollut -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -uttaisin | en -uttaisi | 1st sing. | olisin -uttanut | en olisi -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -uttaisit | et -uttaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -uttanut | et olisi -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -uttaisi | ei -uttaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -uttanut | ei olisi -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -uttaisimme | emme -uttaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -uttaneet | emme olisi -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -uttaisitte | ette -uttaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -uttaneet | ette olisi -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -uttaisivat | eivät -uttaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -uttaneet | eivät olisi -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -utettaisiin | ei -utettaisi | passive | olisi -utettu | ei olisi -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -uta | älä -uta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -uttakoon | älköön -uttako | 3rd sing. | olkoon -uttanut | älköön olko -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -uttakaamme | älkäämme -uttako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -uttakaa | älkää -uttako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -uttakoot | älkööt -uttako | 3rd plur. | olkoot -uttaneet | älkööt olko -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -utettakoon | älköön -utettako | passive | olkoon -utettu | älköön olko -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -uttanen | en -uttane | 1st sing. | lienen -uttanut | en liene -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -uttanet | et -uttane | 2nd sing. | lienet -uttanut | et liene -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -uttanee | ei -uttane | 3rd sing. | lienee -uttanut | ei liene -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -uttanemme | emme -uttane | 1st plur. | lienemme -uttaneet | emme liene -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -uttanette | ette -uttane | 2nd plur. | lienette -uttaneet | ette liene -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -uttanevat | eivät -uttane | 3rd plur. | lienevät -uttaneet | eivät liene -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -utettaneen | ei -utettane | passive | lienee -utettu | ei liene -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | -uttaa | present | -uttava | -utettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | -uttanut | -utettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | -uttaessa | -utettaessa | agent4 | -uttama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -uttamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | -uttaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | -uttamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | -uttamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | -uttamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | -uttamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | -uttamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | -uttaman | -utettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | -uttaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From -ua + -ttaa. Akin to Finnish -uttaa.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-uttaa (front vowel variant -yttää)
- Used to form causative verbs from other verbs.
- muistaa (“to remember”) + -uttaa → muissuttaa (“to remind”)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of -uttaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, tt-t gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -utan | en -uta | 1st singular | oon -uttant, oon -uttanut | en oo -uttant, en oo -uttanut |
2nd singular | -utat | et -uta | 2nd singular | oot -uttant, oot -uttanut | et oo -uttant, et oo -uttanut |
3rd singular | -uttaa | ei -uta | 3rd singular | ono -uttant, ono -uttanut | ei oo -uttant, ei oo -uttanut |
1st plural | -utamma | emmä -uta | 1st plural | oomma -uttanneet | emmä oo -uttanneet |
2nd plural | -utatta | että -uta | 2nd plural | ootta -uttanneet | että oo -uttanneet |
3rd plural | -uttaat1), -uttavat2), -utettaa | evät -uta, ei -uteta | 3rd plural | ovat -uttanneet | evät oo -uttanneet, ei oo -utettu |
impersonal | -utettaa | ei -uteta | impersonal | ono -utettu | ei oo -utettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -utin | en -uttant, en -uttanut | 1st singular | olin -uttant, olin -uttanut | en olt -uttant, en olt -uttanut |
2nd singular | -utit | et -uttant, et -uttanut | 2nd singular | olit -uttant, olit -uttanut | et olt -uttant, et olt -uttanut |
3rd singular | -utti | ei -uttant, ei -uttanut | 3rd singular | oli -uttant, oli -uttanut | ei olt -uttant, ei olt -uttanut |
1st plural | -utimma | emmä -uttanneet | 1st plural | olimma -uttanneet | emmä olleet -uttanneet |
2nd plural | -utitta | että -uttanneet | 2nd plural | olitta -uttanneet | että olleet -uttanneet |
3rd plural | -uttiit1), -uttivat2), -utettii | evät -uttanneet, ei -utettu | 3rd plural | olivat -uttanneet | evät olleet -uttanneet, ei olt -utettu |
impersonal | -utettii | ei -utettu | impersonal | oli -utettu | ei olt -utettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -uttaisin | en -uttais | 1st singular | olisin -uttant, olisin -uttanut | en olis -uttant, en olis -uttanut |
2nd singular | -uttaisit, -uttaist1) | et -uttais | 2nd singular | olisit -uttant, olisit -uttanut | et olis -uttant, et olis -uttanut |
3rd singular | -uttais | ei -uttais | 3rd singular | olis -uttant, olis -uttanut | ei olis -uttant, ei olis -uttanut |
1st plural | -uttaisimma | emmä -uttais | 1st plural | olisimma -uttanneet | emmä olis -uttanneet |
2nd plural | -uttaisitta | että -uttais | 2nd plural | olisitta -uttanneet | että olis -uttanneet |
3rd plural | -uttaisiit1), -uttaisivat2), -utettais | evät -uttais, ei -utettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -uttanneet | evät olis -uttanneet, ei olis -utettu |
impersonal | -utettais | ei -utettais | impersonal | olis -utettu | ei olis -utettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | -uta | elä -uta | 2nd singular | oo -uttant, oo -uttanut | elä oo -uttant, elä oo -uttanut |
3rd singular | -uttakkoo | elköö -uttako | 3rd singular | olkoo -uttant, olkoo -uttanut | elköö olko -uttant, elköö olko -uttanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | -uttakkaa | elkää -uttako | 2nd plural | olkaa -uttanneet | elkää olko -uttanneet |
3rd plural | -uttakkoot | elkööt -uttako, elköö -utettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -uttanneet | elkööt olko -uttanneet, elköö olko -utettu |
impersonal | -utettakoo | elköö -utettako | impersonal | olkoo -utettu | elköö olko -utettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | -uttanen | en -uttane | |||
2nd singular | -uttanet | et -uttane | |||
3rd singular | -uttannoo | ei -uttane | |||
1st plural | -uttanemma | emmä -uttane | |||
2nd plural | -uttanetta | että -uttane | |||
3rd plural | -uttannoot | evät -uttane, ei -utettane | |||
impersonal | -utettanoo | ei -utettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | -uttaa | present | -uttava | -utettava | |
2nd | inessive | -uttaes | past | -uttant, -uttanut | -utettu |
instructive | -uttaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-uttakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | -uttammaa | |||
inessive | -uttamas | ||||
elative | -uttamast | ||||
abessive | -uttamata | ||||
4th | nominative | -uttamiin | |||
partitive | -uttamista, -uttamist |