Wiktionary:Requested entries (Proto-Indo-European)

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— Note also that such requests, like the information requested, belong on the base form of a word, not on inflected forms.

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Requested-entry pages for other languages: Category:Requested entries.

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*tur-, *twer- (“to rotate, twirl, swirl, move”): English thurse, Sanskrit तुर (tura), German Turse, Old Norse þurs, Old Saxon thuris, Old High German duris, Proto-Germanic *þurisaz.

*bʰoh₁ (“both”): English both, Lithuanian abu, Sanskrit उभय (ubhaya), German beide, Old Norse báðir, Proto-Slavic *oba, Polish oba, Middle Dutch beide, Old Dutch beithe, Proto-Germanic *bai.

*dʰel- (““an arch, vaulting, curve, curvature, cavity””) or *dʰol- (““an arch, vaulting, curve, curvature, cavity””): Proto-Germanic *dalą, English dale, Lower Sorbian doł, Proto-Slavic *dolъ, Polish dół

*dew-: Ancient Greek δύω (dúō, “to cause to sink, enter”) δύσις (dúsis, “setting (of sun)”)
- Are there more descendants? Sources, perhaps? The Greek entry doesn't have enough to verify it. —CodeCat 21:21, 24 March 2016 (UTC)[reply]
  - The greek entry lists Sanskrit उपादुत्य (upādútya),

*gʰei-: goat?

*gnod- (“to bind”): judging by other articles, cognates include English knot, Scots knot, Icelandic hnútur, Middle High German knotze, Latin nodus, Old English contta, Old English cnyttan, Middle Dutch cnudda, German Knoten, Old High German knoto, Old Norse knútr, Danish knude, Spanish nodo, English knit, Old Norse knýta, Proto-Germanic *knutjaną, Proto-Germanic *knuttijaną, Old Irish nascim, and Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀 (naska-, “bundle”),
*gudóm
- Descendants? —CodeCa t 16:46, 12 May 2016 (UTC)[reply]

*gʷel-
- Meaning? Descendants? —CodeCat 00:51, 12 May 2016 (UTC)[reply]
  - It means "intestines"/"bowels"/"guts." Descendants probably include English "gut" (despite what our entry currently says for that, that it's derived from a word meaning "pour") as well as the following two sources, which give many descendants: 1 2 204.11.189.94 14:12, 13 May 2016 (UTC)[reply]
  - Doing a search in en:Wiktionary it's all over in etymologies, saying the following: "from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”)." We should probably be more thorough, and, more importantly, rigorous, before assigning PIE etymologies (rather than proposed etymologies). It seems that the one for gut, at least, is currently wrong (see request for *gudóm, above, as well as numerous references to *gudóm on Google Books) — This unsigned comment was added by 204.11.189.94 (talk) at 15:55, 12 May 2016 UTC.

*ḱas- (“white, grey”): Welsh ceinach (“hare”), English hare, Latin canus, cascus (“old”), Ancient Greek ξανθός (xanthós, “yellow”), Old Prussian sasnis (“hare”), Pashto سوی (soe, “hare”), Sanskrit शश (śaśa, “hare”)

*keg- (“tooth, hook”) — It is the root of the Old High German hāko (“hook”), whence the Middle High German hāken, and whence in turn the Czech hák (“hook”) and the German Haken (“hook”).
- English hake as well
- also needed: *keng- (“peg; hook”).

*ḱey(h₂)- (“to move”): Ancient Greek κῑνέω (kīnéō), English kinetic
- De Vaan gives the possibility of a laryngeal, *ḱey(h₂)-
  - Plausible explanation for the long vowel

*laḱsos (“salmon, trout”) salmon; ancestor of Lachs, lox; word noted in The English Word That Hasn’t Changed in Sound or Meaning in 8,000 Years and linked from those Wiktionary entries
*laḱs- Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lahsaz calls *laḱsos as Pre-Germanic salmon and *laḱs- as proto-Indo-European salmon.

*ned- - to tie together”

*pleh₂k- or *pleh₂g-: Ancient Greek πλήσσω (plḗssō); Latin plangō, plēctō, plāga

*skewbʰ-, whence Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽 (afskiuban), German schieben, Old Norse skýfa, Sanskrit क्षुभ्यति (kṣubhyati), Proto-Slavic *skuti (Bulgarian скубя (skubja), Serbo-Croatian скупти/skupti, Russian скубти (skubti), Slovene oskubiti).
- Kroonen suggests that this was originally *ksewbʰ-, based on the Sanskrit descendant.

*temh₂-, from which Ancient Greek τέμνω (témnō), τμῆμα (tmêma), Latin temnō, etc.
- De Vaan reconstructs this as *temh₁- instead. Can we tell which?
  - Doric perfects of τέμνω (témnō) have τετμα- (tetma-) (not sure if this is long or short). This could develop either *tmeh₂ > Doric long ᾱ and Attic-Ionic long η, or *tmh₂- > Attic, Ionic, and Doric short ᾰ. *tmh₁ or *tmeh₁- would yield τμε- (tme-) or τμη- (tmē-) in both Attic-Ionic and Doric. But variant form τετμη- (tetmē-) in Pindar, which confuses things. — Eru·tuon 20:29, 24 March 2016 (UTC)[reply]

*teng- (“to make wet”): Proto-Germanic *þunkōną, Latin tingō, Ancient Greek τέγγω (téngō, “to wet, moisten”).

*h₁éh₁stor or *Hḗstor (“to be sitting”): Sanskrit आस्ते (āste), Sanskrit आसन (āsana), Ancient Greek ἧμαι (hêmai), Hittite [script needed] (ēša), Hittite [script needed] (āšzi).

*dweh₂ro- (“long”). Ancient Greek δᾱρός (dārós), δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūra, “distant, far”), Latin dūro (“to last long”), Old Persian 𐎯𐎢𐎼𐎡𐎹 (du-u-r-i-y)

*sem-h₂-lo- - from the etymology of ὁμαλός (homalós)

*swem- - from several etymologies, like sund

*swm̥tóm - from the etymology of *sundą

*pleyn- - from the etymology of flane

*(s)plei- (“to divide, split, splice”) or *(s)pel- (“to divide, split, splice”)

*plēy-, *plī-, *pʰel, *spʰel- - all from the etymology of glina

*-téh₂ - from the etymology of *-teh₂

*bʰedʰ- (“to stab, dig”) - from the etymology of battuō

*ml̥Hdʰo- - from the etymology of mala

*h₂wer-, *ūr-, *eur-, *ewr- - from the etymology of jūra
*aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”), *awer-, *awe-, *awe- - from the etymology of jūra
*(e)rey-, *(e)rew- (“to flow”) - from the etymology of jūra