plango

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *plāngō, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k-, *pleh₂g- (“to strike”).

Cognate with Latin plēctō, Ancient Greek πλήσσω (plḗssō), Old Church Slavonic плакати (plakati), Dutch vloeken.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈplan.ɡoː/, [ˈpɫ̪äŋɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈplan.ɡo/, [ˈpläŋɡo]

Verb

plangō (present infinitive plangere, perfect active plānxī, supine plānctum); third conjugation

1. to strike, beat, flap (repeatedly or with a noise)
2. (also mediopassive or with sē) to beat the breast etc. as a sign of grief, desperation, fury
3. (transitive) to bewail, lament for

   Synonyms: dēplōrō, ingemō, lūgeō, gemō, queror, conqueror, plōrō, fleō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of plangō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	plangō	plangis	plangit	plangimus	plangitis	plangunt
	imperfect	plangēbam	plangēbās	plangēbat	plangēbāmus	plangēbātis	plangēbant
	future	plangam	plangēs	planget	plangēmus	plangētis	plangent
	perfect	plānxī	plānxistī	plānxit	plānximus	plānxistis	plānxērunt, plānxēre
	pluperfect	plānxeram	plānxerās	plānxerat	plānxerāmus	plānxerātis	plānxerant
	future perfect	plānxerō	plānxeris	plānxerit	plānxerimus	plānxeritis	plānxerint
passive	present	plangor	plangeris, plangere	plangitur	plangimur	plangiminī	planguntur
	imperfect	plangēbar	plangēbāris, plangēbāre	plangēbātur	plangēbāmur	plangēbāminī	plangēbantur
	future	plangar	plangēris, plangēre	plangētur	plangēmur	plangēminī	plangentur
	perfect	plānctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	plānctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	plānctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	plangam	plangās	plangat	plangāmus	plangātis	plangant
imperfect	plangerem	plangerēs	plangeret	plangerēmus	plangerētis	plangerent
perfect	plānxerim	plānxerīs	plānxerit	plānxerīmus	plānxerītis	plānxerint
pluperfect	plānxissem	plānxissēs	plānxisset	plānxissēmus	plānxissētis	plānxissent
passive	present	plangar	plangāris, plangāre	plangātur	plangāmur	plangāminī	plangantur
imperfect	plangerer	plangerēris, plangerēre	plangerētur	plangerēmur	plangerēminī	plangerentur
perfect	plānctus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	plānctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	plange	—	—	plangite	—
	future	—	plangitō	plangitō	—	plangitōte	planguntō
passive	present	—	plangere	—	—	plangiminī	—
	future	—	plangitor	plangitor	—	—	planguntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		plangere	plānxisse	plānctūrum esse	plangī	plānctum esse	plānctum īrī
participles		plangēns	—	plānctūrus	—	plānctus	plangendus, plangundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		plangendī	plangendō	plangendum	plangendō	plānctum	plānctū

Derived terms

• dēplangō

Descendants

• Aromanian: plãngu, plãndziri
• Catalan: plànyer
• Dalmatian: plungro, plongur
• English: plangent, plain
• French: plaindre
• Aromanian: plănze
• Italian: piangere
• Megleno-Romanian: plǫng
• Neapolitan: chiagnere
• Occitan: plànher, plànger, planguer
• Old French: pleindre
• Old Galician-Portuguese: changer
• Old Spanish: llañer
• Portuguese: planger, plangente
• Romanian: plânge, plângere
• Sardinian: pianghere, plangiri, pragnere
• Sicilian: ciànciri, chiànciri
• Spanish: plañir

Further reading

• “plango”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “plango”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• plango in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.