Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewd-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*lewd-

1. to crouch, duck, bend

Reconstruction notes

Several descendants show abstracting semantic shifts from “to bend down” (or “crouch over”) to negative qualities or states of being, but these seem to be independent. Compare the semantics of English stoop.

Derived terms

• *léwd-e-ti
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *lūtaną (“to bow down”) (see there for further descendants)
• *lud-eh₂ye-ti
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *lutōną (“to conceal”) (perhaps denominal or deadjectival) (see there for further descendants)
• *lewd-o-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *leutaz (“deceitful, dishonhest”) (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • >? Albanian: lut (“to plead”)
    • ⇒ (West Germanic) *lūtilaz (“little”, literally “tending to stoop down”) (see there for further descendants)
  • >? Lithuanian: liūdė́ti (“to be sad”)
  • >? Lithuanian: liū̃dnas (“sad”)
  • >? Proto-Slavic: *lȗdъ (“crazy, foolish”) (see there for further descendants)

References

• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*leu̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 415