Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drinkaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrenǵ- (“to draw into one's mouth, sip, gulp”), nasalised variant of *dʰreǵ- (“to draw, glide”). Cognate with Lithuanian drė́gti (“to become moist”), Sanskrit ध्रजति (dhrájati, “to glide, swoop”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdriŋ.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*drinkaną

1. to drink

Inflection

Conjugation of *drinkaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*drinkō	*drinkaų	—	*drinkai	?
2nd singular	*drinkizi	*drinkaiz	*drink	*drinkazai	*drinkaizau
3rd singular	*drinkidi	*drinkai	*drinkadau	*drinkadai	*drinkaidau
1st dual	*drinkōz	*drinkaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*drinkadiz	*drinkaidiz	*drinkadiz	—	—
1st plural	*drinkamaz	*drinkaim	—	*drinkandai	*drinkaindau
2nd plural	*drinkid	*drinkaid	*drinkid	*drinkandai	*drinkaindau
3rd plural	*drinkandi	*drinkain	*drinkandau	*drinkandai	*drinkaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*drank	*drunkį̄
2nd singular	*dranht	*drunkīz
3rd singular	*drank	*drunkī
1st dual	*drunkū	*drunkīw
2nd dual	*drunkudiz	*drunkīdiz
1st plural	*drunkum	*drunkīm
2nd plural	*drunkud	*drunkīd
3rd plural	*drunkun	*drunkīn
	present	past
participles	*drinkandz	*drunkanaz

Derived terms

• *drankijaną
• *drunkanaz
• *drunkiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *drinkan
  • Old English: drincan
    • Middle English: drinken, drynken
      • English: drink (see there for further descendants)
      • Scots: drink
      • Yola: drink
  • Old Frisian: drinka
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr: drank

      Hallig: drinke

      Mooring: drainke

    • Saterland Frisian: drinke
    • West Frisian: drinke
  • Old Saxon: drinkan
    • Middle Low German: drinken
      • Low German: drinken
  • Old Dutch: drincan
    • Middle Dutch: drinken
      • Dutch: drinken
        • Afrikaans: drink
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: dronggi
        • Negerhollands: drink, dring, drin
        • → Aukan: dingii
      • Limburgish: drinke
  • Old High German: trinkan
    • Middle High German: trinken
      • Alemannic German: trinke

        Italian Walser: trenhu, trénge, tringhien, trinche

      • Bavarian: trinkn, dringa

        Cimbrian: trinkhan, trinkan (Tredici Comuni)

        Mòcheno: trinken

        Udinese: trinkn, trinkhn, trinckn

      • Central Franconian: drenke, dronke, drönke (Eifel), drinke (Kölsch), drinke

        Hunsrik: drinke

      • German: trinken
      • Luxembourgish: drénken
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Pennsylvania German: drinke

      • Vilamovian: trynkja
      • Yiddish: טרינקען (trinken)
      • → Middle French: trinquer
        • French: trinquer
      • → Galician: trincar
      • → Italian: trincare
      • → Sicilian: ntrincari
      • → Spanish: trincar
      • → Venetan: trincar, trincàr
• Old Norse: drekka, drikka
  • Icelandic: drekka
  • Faroese: drekka
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: drikke, drikka
    • Russenorsk: drikkom
  • Elfdalian: drikka
  • Old Swedish: drikka
    • Swedish: dricka
  • Old Danish: drikkæ
    • Danish: drikke
      • Norwegian Bokmål: drikke
    • Scanian: drikka
• Gothic: 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽 (drigkan)
• Vandalic: drincan