Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyp-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Often supposed to be an extension of *ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”).

Root

*leyp-

1. to stick
2. fat or sticky substance

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyp- (16 c, 0 e)

• *léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráypas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráypas
      • Sanskrit: रेपस् (répas, “dirty spot, stain”)
• *leyp-ó-m
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *lībą (see there for further descendants)
• *li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti (nasal-infix present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *limpáti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *limpáti
      • Sanskrit: लिम्पति (limpáti, “to smear, pollute”) (see there for further descendants)
• *lip-yé-ti (yé-present)
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *libjaną (“to live, be alive”) (see there for further descendants)
• *loyp-éye-ti (causative)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laip-
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: lipìnti, láipioti
    • Proto-Slavic: *lěpiti (“to smear, stick”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *laibijaną (“leave behind”) (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilaibijaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *laypáyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *laypáyati
      • Sanskrit: लेपयति (lepáyati, “to smear”)
• *loyp-éh₂
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: làipa (“footbridge”)
    • Slavic:
      • Polish: lepa (“slush”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *laibō (“that which remains”) (see there for further descendants)
• *loyp-o-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *lě̑pъ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láypas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láypas
      • Sanskrit: लेप (lepa)
• *lip-o-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: lipaĩ (“glue, adhesive”)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *lípos
    • Ancient Greek: λίπος (lípos, “fat”)
      • Greek: λίπος (lípos)
• *lip-nó-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: lipnùs (“sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly”)
  • Proto-Italic: *lipnos
    • >? Latin: lippus (“dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy”)
• *lip-ró-s
  • *lip-r-éh₂ f
    • >? Proto-Germanic: *librō (“liver”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riprás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riprás
      • Sanskrit: रिप्र (riprá-, “dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad”)
• *lip-tó-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: lìptas (“footbridge”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liptás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liptás
      • Sanskrit: लिप्त (liptá-, “smeared”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riptás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riptás
      • Sanskrit: रिप्त (riptá-, “stuck, adhering, smeared”)
• *lip-ú-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lipus
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: lipùs (“sticky”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ripúš
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ripúṣ
      • Sanskrit: रिपु (ripú-, “fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous”)

• Unsorted formations:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Latvian: lipt, laipns
    • Proto-Slavic: *lьnǫti (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *lībaną (with unexpected voiced Verner alternant) (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilībaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: (possibly) *ainalif (“eleven”, literally “one left”), *twalif (“twelve”, literally “two left”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: λίπα (lípa, “richly”)
    • Ancient Greek: λιπαίνω (lipaínō, “to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich”), λιπάω (lipáō)
    • Ancient Greek: λιπαρός (liparós, “fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny”)
  • Indo-Iranian:
    • Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: लेपन (lepana, “smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat”)
      • Sanskrit: लेपिन् (lepin, “smearing”)
      • Sanskrit: लिपि (lipi, “smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing”)
      • Sanskrit: लिप्यते (lipyate, “to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)”)
      • Sanskrit: रिप् (rip, “deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy”)
  • Tocharian:
    • Tocharian B: lip (“remain”)