Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fursaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *pŕ̥sos, from Proto-Indo-European *pers- (“to spray, splash”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸur.sɑz/

Noun

*fursaz m

1. waterfall, torrent

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *fursaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*fursaz	*fursōz, *fursōs
vocative	*furs	*fursōz, *fursōs
accusative	*fursą	*fursanz
genitive	*fursas, *fursis	*fursǫ̂
dative	*fursai	*fursamaz
instrumental	*fursō	*fursamiz

Derived terms

• *fursōną

Descendants

• Old Norse: fors, foss
  • Icelandic: fors, foss
    • → English: foss
  • Faroese: fossur
  • Norn: fors
  • Norwegian: foss, fors
    • → Danish: fos, >? fors
      • Norwegian Bokmål: foss
  • Old Swedish: fors
    • Swedish: fors
  • Middle Danish: fors
    • >? Danish: fors (influenced by Norwegian)
  • → Middle English: fors, force
    • English: force (in the sense of a waterfall) (Northern England)
  • → Middle Low German: vorsch
• → Proto-Finnic: *purha (see there for further descendants)

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN