abu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "abu"

Languages (36)

Translingual

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Afar • Ambonese Malay • Aribwatsa • Bakung • Baoule • Basque • Casiguran Dumagat Agta • Gothic • Hausa • Higaonon • Hiligaynon • Iban • Indonesian • Japanese • Kanakanabu • Kapampangan • Karelian • Karo Batak • Latvian • Lithuanian • Livvi • Ludian • Malay • Manado Malay • Narua • Nyishi • Rukai • Sakizaya • Simalungun Batak • Spanish • Swahili • Tausug • Veps • Yakan • Yogad

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

abu

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Abure.

Afar

Etymology 1

Cognate with Saho abo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈʔʌbʊ]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

ábu m 

1. maternal uncle

Declension

Declension of ábu
absolutive	ábu
predicative	ábu
subjective	abí
genitive	abí
Postpositioned forms l-case ábul k-case ábuk t-case ábut h-case ábuh

Coordinate terms

• anná (“aunt”)
• qámmi (“paternal uncle”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈʔʌbʊ]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Verb

abu

1. first/third-person masculine singular conjunctive of abé

References

• E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “àbu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004) Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan, →ISBN, page 25

Ambonese Malay

Noun

abu

1. dust

Aribwatsa

Noun

abu

1. water bop

References

• Susanne Holzknecht, The Markham languages of Papua New Guinea (1989), page 71

Bakung

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *abu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Baoule

Noun

abu

1. turtle

Basque

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abu/ [a.β̞u]
• Rhymes: -abu
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu inan

1. (Biscayan) mortar (hollow vessel used to pound)

Declension

Declension of abu (inanimate, ending in vowel)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	abu	abua	abuak
ergative	abuk	abuak	abuek
dative	aburi	abuari	abuei
genitive	aburen	abuaren	abuen
comitative	aburekin	abuarekin	abuekin
causative	aburengatik	abuarengatik	abuengatik
benefactive	aburentzat	abuarentzat	abuentzat
instrumental	abuz	abuaz	abuez
inessive	abutan	abuan	abuetan
locative	abutako	abuko	abuetako
allative	abutara	abura	abuetara
terminative	abutaraino	aburaino	abuetaraino
directive	abutarantz	aburantz	abuetarantz
destinative	abutarako	aburako	abuetarako
ablative	abutatik	abutik	abuetatik
partitive	aburik	—	—
prolative	abutzat	—	—

Further reading

• “abu”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Casiguran Dumagat Agta

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abú

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Gothic

Romanization

abu

1. Romanization of 𐌰𐌱𐌿

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔà.bù/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ʔà.bʊ̀]

Noun

àbù m (feminine àbā, plural abūbuwā̀, possessed form àbin)

1. thing, object
2. matter, affair, situation
3. possession, property

Higaonon

Noun

abu

1. ash
2. fireplace

Hiligaynon

Noun

abu

1. ash

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abu/

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)
2. dust

   Synonym: amau

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• aboe (1901–1947)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abu/

Etymology 1

From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.

Noun

abu (uncountable)

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

   Synonym: debu

2. dust

   Synonym: debu

Verb

abu

1. (chiefly obsolete) to have defeat

   Synonym: kalah

Synonyms

• (ash, dust) debu, duli

Derived terms

Affixations

• abu-abu
• berabu
• kelabu
• memperabukan
• mengabu
• mengabui
• mengabukan
• pengabuan
• perabuan

 

Etymology 2

From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.

Noun

abu (plural abu-abu)

1. (dialectal) father

   Synonyms: ayah, bapak

2. Alternative form of abuan

Further reading

• “abu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

abu

1. Rōmaji transcription of あぶ
2. Rōmaji transcription of アブ

Kanakanabu

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Kapampangan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əˈbu/ [əˈbu]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Karelian

Regional variants of abu

North Karelian (Viena)	apu
South Karelian (Tver)	abu

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑbu/
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu (genitive avun, partitive abuo)

1. (South Karelian) help

Declension

Tver Karelian declension of abu (type 1/tyttö b-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	avut
genitive	avun	abuloin
partitive	abuo	abuloida
illative	abuh	abuloih
inessive	avušša	abuloissa
elative	avušta	abuloista
adessive	avulla	abuloilla
ablative	avulda	abuloilda
translative	avukši	abuloiksi
essive	abuna	abuloina
comitative	avunke	abuloinke
abessive	avutta	abuloitta

Possessive forms of abu
1st person	abuni
2nd person	abuš
3rd person	abuh
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

Derived terms

• abuiäni

 

References

• A. V. Punzhina (1994) “abu”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN

Karo Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash
2. dust

Latvian

Pronoun

abu

1. genitive plural masculine/feminine of abi

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *aboˀ (“both”), alongside Latvian abi, Old Prussian abāi, and Proto-Slavic *oba. Frequently linked with Sanskrit उभ (ubhá-), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹 (bai). Due to the anlaut of these words, a connection with Latin ambo (“both”) and Ancient Greek ἄμφω (ámphō, “both, facing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂n̥tbʰóh₁ (“on both sides”) has proven problematic. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɐˈbʊ/

Adverb

abù m (feminine abì) stress pattern 3

1. both

Declension

As with dù, dvì (“two”):

Declension of abu

	masculine		feminine
nominative	abù		abì
genitive	abiejų̃		abiejų̃
dative	abíem		abíem
accusative	abù		abì
instrumental	abiẽm		abiẽm
locative	abiejuosè		abiejosè

Forms of abu

	masculine		feminine
quantitative	abù		abì
plural	abejì		abejõs
collective	ãbejetas		ãbejeta
ordinal	-		-

Derived terms

words derived from abu

• abeji
• abi-
• abipus
• abipusis
• abipusiškas
• abirankis
• abišalis
• abudu

Livvi

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑbu/
• Hyphenation: a‧bu
• Rhymes: -ɑbu

Noun

abu

1. help

Declension

Declension of abu (Type 11/lindu, b-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	avut
genitive	avun	abuloin
partitive	abuu	abuloi
illative	abuh	abuloih
inessive	avus	abulois
elative	avuspäi	abuloispäi
allative	avule	abuloile
adessive	avul	abuloil
ablative	avulpäi	abuloilpäi
translative	avukse	abuloikse
essive	avunnu	abuloinnu
abessive	avuttah	abuloittah
comitative	avunke	abuloinke
instructive		abuloin
prolative	avuči

Derived terms

• abuniekka

 

References

• Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 11

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognate with Finnish apu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑbu/
• Rhymes: -ɑbu
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu

1. aid, assistance, help

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• abuttada
• abutuz

 

References

• M. Pahomov (2022) Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ‎^[1], Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN, page 12

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abu/
• Rhymes: -abu, -bu, -u

Noun

abu (Jawi spelling ابو, plural abu-abu, informal 1st possessive abuku, 2nd possessive abumu, 3rd possessive abunya)

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

   Synonyms: debu, duli, lebu

Derived terms

• abu-abu
• berabu
• kelabu (“grey”)
• mengabu

 

Descendants

• Indonesian: abu

Further reading

• “abu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Manado Malay

Etymology

From Malay abu.

Noun

abu

1. dust
2. ash

Narua

Noun

abu

1. father

Nyishi

Etymology

From Proto-Tani *bo.

Noun

abu

1. father

Rukai

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)
2. (mineralogy) lime

Sakizaya

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ˈbu/, [a.ˈbu]

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Simalungun Batak

Noun

abu

1. ash

References

• Zufri Hidayat et al. (2015). Kamus Bahasa Simalungun–Indonesia (2nd ed.). Medan: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sumatera Utara, p. 20.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈa.β̞u]
• Rhymes: -abu
• Syllabification: a‧bu

Noun

abu m or f (plural abus)

1. Alternative form of abue

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū), construct state of أَبْ (ʔab).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

abu class IX (plural abu class X)

1. father

   Synonym: baba

Tausug

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ʔabu/ [ʔɑˈβu]
• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: a‧bu

Noun

abu (Sulat Sūg spelling اَبُ)

1. ashes

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

Noun

abu

1. help, assistance, aid

Inflection

Inflection of abu (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing.	abu
genitive sing.	abun
partitive sing.	abud
partitive plur.	abuid
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	abud
accusative	abun	abud
genitive	abun	abuiden
partitive	abud	abuid
essive-instructive	abun	abuin
translative	abuks	abuikš
inessive	abus	abuiš
elative	abuspäi	abuišpäi
illative	abuhu	abuihe
adessive	abul	abuil
ablative	abulpäi	abuilpäi
allative	abule	abuile
abessive	abuta	abuita
comitative	abunke	abuidenke
prolative	abudme	abuidme
approximative I	abunno	abuidenno
approximative II	abunnoks	abuidennoks
egressive	abunnopäi	abuidennopäi
terminative I	abuhusai	abuihesai
terminative II	abulesai	abuilesai
terminative III	abussai	—
additive I	abuhupäi	abuihepäi
additive II	abulepäi	abuilepäi

Derived terms

• valdkundanabu

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “одолжение, помощь, содействие, услуга”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Yakan

Noun

abu

1. ash

Yogad

Noun

abú

1. ash