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See also: [U+30A8 KATAKANA LETTER E], [U+31B2 BOPOMOFO LETTER ONG], and Appendix:Variations of "i"
U+5DE5, 工
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DE5

[U+5DE4]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5DE6]
U+2F2F, ⼯
KANGXI RADICAL WORK

[U+2F2E]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F30]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 48, +0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 一中一 (MLM), four-corner 10100, composition or )

  1. Kangxi radical #48, .

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 325, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8714
  • Dae Jaweon: page 626, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 410, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5DE5

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a bladed tool to plow the ground to mark a border. As an alternative, a carpenter's square; according to the second interpretation, the character is related to the original meaning of .

Unrelated to > 𢀖 and .

Etymology 1

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An area word; compare Burmese ခိုင်း (hkuing:, to order or ask someone to do something), Old Mon kloñ (kloɲ, to work), Old Mon klon (klon, to have charge of cultivation) (Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with (OC *koːŋ, “merit; achievement”), (OC *koːŋ, *kuːŋ, “to attack”). The senses evolved in the following manner: (“work artisan”) > (“merit; achievement”) > (“to attack”) (ibid.).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • gĕ̤ng - vernacular;
  • gŭng - literary.
Note:
  • gang1 - vernacular;
  • gorng1 - literary.
Note:
  • kong - literary;
  • kang - vernacular;
  • khang - vernacular (in 工課).
Note: gong1 - one of the symbols in Gongchepu.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: gang1 / gong1
      • Sinological IPA: /kaŋ³⁵/, /kɔŋ³⁵/
Note:
  • gang1 - vernacular;
  • gong1 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kəwŋ/
Li
Rong
/kuŋ/
Wang
Li
/kuŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gung1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gōng gōng
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuwng › ‹ kuwng ›
Old
Chinese
/*kˁoŋ/ /*kˁoŋ/
English officer work

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4022
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*koːŋ/

Definitions

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  1. labour; work (Classifier: c)
      ―  gōngzuò  ―  work
      ―  gōng  ―  to strike
    減料减料  ―  tōugōngjiǎnliào  ―  to do shoddy work and use inferior materials
  2. (regional or dialectal, including Southeast Asia) work; job; profession (Classifier: c)
    什麼什么  ―  Nǐ zuò shénme gōng?  ―  What is your job?
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 開放詞典 / 开放词典 [Kaifang Cidian]
    nei5 sat1 zo2 jip6 gam3 noi6, zung6 m4 faai3 di1 wan2 faan1 fan6 gung1! [Jyutping]
    It's been a while since you lost your job; you need to find a new job soon!
  3. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, Southern Min) working day; daytime; a day (24 hours)
  4. worker; labourer
      ―  gōng  ―  female worker
      ―  kuànggōng  ―  miner
    陶瓷  ―  táocígōng  ―  potter
      ―  gōngnóng  ―  workers and peasants
  5. man-day
  6. construction
      ―  gōng  ―  construction site
      ―  jùngōng  ―  to finish construction
  7. industry
      ―  huàgōng  ―  chemical industry
  8. engineer
  9. skill; technique
  10. to be good at; to be skilled in
  11. delicate; exquisite; fine
      ―  gōngqiǎo  ―  delicate; exquisite

Synonyms

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  • (time period):

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note mi (3).
  2. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note mi (3).

Derived terms

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. work, craft, art, skill
  2. workman, artisan

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: こう (, Jōyō)
  • Kun: たくみ (takumi, )たくむ (takumu, 工む)つかさ (tsukasa, )わざ (waza, )

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
たくみ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
たくみ
[noun] , : workman, artisan, mechanic, carpenter
[noun] , : craft, skill; means, idea
[verb] stem or continuative form of たくむ (takumu) [godan]
Alternative spellings
, 巧み
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC kuwng).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 장인 (jang'in gong))

  1. hanja form? of (master craftsman; master artisan)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: công, cong, côông, gồng, trong, cung

  1. chữ Hán form of công (work; worker).

Compounds

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