鞏
Appearance
See also: 巩
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]鞏 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一弓廿中十 (MNTLJ), four-corner 17506, composition ⿱巩革)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1387, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42819
- Dae Jaweon: page 1902, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4333, character 4
- Unihan data for U+978F
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 鞏 | |
---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
缸 | *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ |
篢 | *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ |
贑 | *kluːmʔ |
涳 | *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
江 | *kroːŋ |
肛 | *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ |
扛 | *kroːŋ |
杠 | *kroːŋ |
豇 | *kroːŋ |
茳 | *kroːŋ |
釭 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
矼 | *kroːŋ |
玒 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ |
虹 | *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ |
腔 | *kʰroːŋ |
崆 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
羫 | *kʰroːŋ |
控 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
椌 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
悾 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
跫 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ |
啌 | *qʰroːŋ |
谾 | *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ |
舡 | *qʰroːŋ |
缻 | *ɡroːŋ |
項 | *ɡroːŋʔ |
屸 | *ɡ·roːŋ |
功 | *koːŋ |
工 | *koːŋ |
疘 | *koːŋ |
魟 | *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ |
攻 | *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
愩 | *koːŋ |
碽 | *koːŋ |
貢 | *koːŋs |
羾 | *koːŋs |
空 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
箜 | *kʰoːŋ |
硿 | *kʰoːŋ |
埪 | *kʰoːŋ |
鵼 | *kʰoːŋ |
倥 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs |
鞚 | *kʰoːŋs |
叿 | *qʰoːŋ |
嗊 | *qʰoːŋʔ |
訌 | *ɡoːŋ |
紅 | *ɡoːŋ |
仜 | *ɡoːŋ |
葒 | *ɡoːŋ |
渱 | *ɡoːŋ |
鴻 | *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ |
汞 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
澒 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
鞏 | *koŋʔ |
巩 | *koŋʔ |
銎 | *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ |
恐 | *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs |
蛩 | *ɡoŋ |
筇 | *ɡoŋ |
桏 | *ɡoŋ |
邛 | *ɡoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koŋʔ) : phonetic 巩 (OC *koŋʔ) + semantic 革.
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | 鞏 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 巩* | |
alternative forms | 𩊳 𠔣 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gung2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khióng / kióng
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5kon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǒng
- Wade–Giles: kung3
- Yale: gǔng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goong
- Palladius: гун (gun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gung2
- Yale: gúng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gung2
- Guangdong Romanization: gung2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: kjowngX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)oŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]鞏
- to fasten using a leather band
- to secure; to consolidate
- firm; secure
- † Alternative form of 栱 (gǒng, “post, pillar”)
- † Alternative form of 恐 (kǒng, “to fear”)
- (~國) (historical) State of Gong (a small state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern-day Henan)
- (~縣) (historical) Gong County (in modern-day Gongyi, Henan)
- (~州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Gong County, Sichuan)
- (~州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Longxi County, Gansu)
- a surname. Gong
Synonyms
[edit]- (firm):
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | 鞏 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 巩* | |
alternative forms | 砊 砌 控 空 框 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khōng
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khōng
- Tâi-lô: khōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: qong
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
Definitions
[edit]鞏
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to build with bricks or cement
References
[edit]- “鞏”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鞏
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Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]鞏 (eum 공 (gong))
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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