咁

咁 U+5481, 咁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5481 ← 咀 [U+5480] CJK Unified Ideographs 咂 → [U+5482]

Translingual

Han character

咁 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 口廿一 (RTM), four-corner 6407₀, composition ⿰口甘)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 184, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3477
• Dae Jaweon: page 403, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 598, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5481

Chinese

simp. and trad.		咁

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm).

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Some postulate that it is the fusion of 個物 / 个物 (go³ mat⁶) (Cheung, 2013).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam³

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gam³
    • Yale: gam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³³/

Definitions

咁

1. (Cantonese) so, to such an extent

   做咩你咁冇腦㗎？ [Guangzhou Cantonese, trad.]
   做咩你咁冇脑㗎？ [Guangzhou Cantonese, simp.]

   zou⁶ me¹ nei⁵ gam³ mou⁵ nou⁵ gaa³? [Jyutping]

   Why are you so stupid?

   • 1978, “佛跳牆 [fótiàoqiáng]”, in 許冠傑, 黎彼得 (lyrics), 佛跳牆 (fótiàoqiáng), performed by 許冠傑:

     佛跳牆，炆得咁鬼香，見到佛跳牆，鬼都要裝香 [Cantonese, trad.]
     佛跳墙，炆得咁鬼香，见到佛跳墙，鬼都要装香 [Cantonese, simp.]

     fat⁶ tiu³ coeng⁴, man¹ dak¹ gam³ gwai² hoeng¹, gin³ dou^3-2 fat⁶ tiu³ coeng⁴, gwai² dou¹ jiu³ zong¹ hoeng¹ [Jyutping]

     Fotiaoqiang, stewed so darn aromatically; at the sight of fotiaoqiang, even the spirits want to burn incense

   • 2004, “魔鬼在戀愛”, in 劉德華 (lyrics), Coffee or Tea, performed by 劉德華:

     又有乜咁出奇 [Literary Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

     jau⁶ jau⁵ mat¹ gam³ ceot¹ kei⁴ [Jyutping]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 這麼 (“this; so; such (modifies adj.)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		如此
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		如此
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	這麼
	Taiwan	這麼
	Harbin	這麼
	Malaysia	這樣
	Singapore	這樣, 這麼
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	這麼
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	這麼
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	陣
	Wanrong	這麼
	Xi'an	這們, 陣
	Xining	這們
	Xuzhou	恁麼
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	這麼
	Lanzhou	這們
	Ürümqi	這麼
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	這們, 這麼, 嘞們
	Wuhan	這麼, 這樣, 這個樣子
	Guiyang	仲個
	Guilin	這樣
	Liuzhou	陣, 哏
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	這麼, 這樣子
	Yangzhou	這們
	Nantong	格麼
Cantonese	Guangzhou	咁
	Hong Kong	咁
	Foshan	咁
	Taishan	該
	Dongguan	呢咁, 咁
	Yunfu	咁
	Yangjiang	果樣, 拱
	Xinyi	咁
	Nanning	咁
	Wuzhou	咁
	Yulin	咁
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	果
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	咁
	Penang (Guangfu)	咁
	Singapore (Guangfu)	咁
Gan	Nanchang	箇
	Lichuan	該樣
	Pingxiang	箇, 箇史
Hakka	Meixian	恁
	Xingning	恁, 咁
	Huidong (Daling)	恁, 咁
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	咁
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	咁
	Changting	仰
	Wuping	恁
	Wuping (Pingyu)	恁
	Liancheng	樣
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	恁
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	恁
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	恁
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	恁
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	恁
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	恁
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	咁
	Senai (Huiyang)	恁
	Kuching (Hepo)	恁
Huizhou	Jixi	爾的
Jin	Taiyuan	這來
	Xinzhou	這啦, 這麼, 這來
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𱕇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	只滿, 只
	Fuqing	者滿
	Singapore (Fuqing)	者滿
Southern Min	Xiamen	遮, 遮爾, 遮爾仔
	Quanzhou	拙, 拙幹
	Jinjiang	拙, 拙爾, 障, 障爾
	Zhangzhou	遮爾, 遮爾仔
	Tainan	遮, 遮爾, 遮爾仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	按呢
	Manila (Hokkien)	奐, 現, 喝, 遐, 遮, 拙
	Chaozhou	照, 照生
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	照
	Singapore (Teochew)	只生
	Leizhou	偌
	Haikou	只, 者
Puxian Min	Putian	只何
	Xianyou	只何
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	更
Wu	Shanghai	搿能, 搿能介, 搿個能, 介, 實能 dated, 實個能 dated
	Shanghai (Xinzhuang, Minhang)	迭能
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	若介, 實介, 能, 能介
	Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong)	迭個能
	Shanghai (Fengxian)	迭能
	Shanghai (Jinshan)	格末, 格能介, 着介
	Shanghai (Qingpu)	介
	Shanghai (Jiading)	實恁
	Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan)	實倫
	Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan)	特能, 迭能, 實能
	Shanghai (Chongming)	能
	Suzhou	該實梗, 該尚, 哀實梗, 哀尚, 實梗, 尚
	Danyang	根
	Hangzhou	價套, 價, 實價套, 實價
	Ningbo	介
	Wenzhou	該恁, 恁
	Jinhua	帳, 格生, 格亨, 喪
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	絞麼
Xiang	Changsha	咯樣
	Quanzhou	這麼

See also

• 這樣／这样 (zhèyàng), 這麼／这么 (zhème), 那麼／那么 (nàme)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam²

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gam²
    • Yale: gám
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵/

Definitions

咁 (Cantonese)

1. Alternative form of 噉
2. Alternative form of 減 / 减

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kám

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kám
    • Tâi-lô: kám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: karm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kam⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kam⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴¹/

Definitions

咁

1. Alternative form of 敢 (“question particle”)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hán (han²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hán
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hán
    • Wade–Giles: han²
    • Yale: hán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harn
    • Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän³⁵/

Definitions

咁

1. milk

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 咁 – see 銜 (“to hold in the mouth; to harbor; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 銜).

Japanese

Kanji

咁

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. so

Readings

• On (unclassified): かん (kan)、がん (gan)

Vietnamese

Han character

咁: Hán Việt readings: hàm, cam, cám
咁: Nôm readings: cam, căm

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
咁

Verb

咁

1. chữ Hán form of căm (“to bear resentment against”).

References

• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)