kong

See also: Kong, KonG, kông, kōng, kóng, kǒng, and kòng

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Cantonese 槓 / 杠 (gong³ / gung³).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kɒŋ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɔŋ/
  • (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /kɑŋ/
• Rhymes: -ɒŋ

Noun

kong (plural kongs)

1. (mahjong) A set of four identical tiles.

   Synonyms: kan, quad, four-of-a-kind

2. (mahjong) A call declaring the formation of such a set.

   Synonym: kan

Usage notes

While kong is the traditional English term, among English-speaking players of the Japanese variant of mahjong it is more common to use the Japanese-derived term kan.

Coordinate terms

• chow
• pung

Translations

set of four identical tiles

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 槓子 / 杠子 (gong³ zi²)

  Mandarin: 槓子 / 杠子 (zh) (gàngzi)

• Japanese: 槓子 (kantsu), 槓 (ja) (kan)
• Korean: 깡쯔(槓子) (kkangjjeu)

a call declaring a set of four identical tiles

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 槓 / 杠 (gong³ / gung³)

  Mandarin: 槓 / 杠 (zh) (gàng)

• Japanese: カン (ja) (kan), 槓 (ja) (kan)
• Korean: 깡 (kkang)

See also

• kong bak pau

Anagrams

• gonk

Apatani

Numeral

kong

1. one

   Synonym: kòne

References

• P. T. Abraham, Apatani-English-Hindi Dictionary (1987)

Bikol Central

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkoŋ/ [ˈkoŋ]

Conjunction

kong

1. Alternative form of kun

Danish

Etymology

A pretonic form of konge.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔnɡ/, [kʰʌŋ]

Noun

kong

1. king (used as a title before the name of a king)

   Kong Lars var en konge.

   King Lars was a king.

See also

• grev

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of kong – see 光 (“light; beam; ray; to make bare; to be naked; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 光).

Hungarian

Etymology

From a sound-imitative root + -g (frequentative suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkoŋɡ]
• Rhymes: -oŋɡ

Verb

kong

1. (intransitive) to resound

Conjugation

Conjugation of kong

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	kongok	kongsz	kong	kongunk	kongtok	kongnak
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	kongtam	kongtál	kongott	kongtunk	kongtatok	kongtak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kongni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	kongék	kongál	konga	kongánk	kongátok	kongának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kong vala, kongott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	kongandok	kongandasz	kongand	kongandunk	kongandotok	kongandanak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	kongnék	kongnál	kongna	kongnánk	kongnátok	kongnának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kongott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	kongjak	kongj or kongjál	kongjon	kongjunk	kongjatok	kongjanak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kongott légyen
infinitive	kongni		kongnom	kongnod	kongnia	kongnunk	kongnotok	kongniuk
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
	kongás		kongó	kongott	―	kongva (kongván)

Potential conjugation of kong

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	konghatok	konghatsz	konghat	konghatunk	konghattok	konghatnak
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	konghattam	konghattál	konghatott	konghattunk	konghattatok	konghattak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
archaic preterite		indef.	konghaték	konghatál	konghata	konghatánk	konghatátok	konghatának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. konghat vala, konghatott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	konghatandok or kongandhatok	konghatandasz or kongandhatsz	konghatand or kongandhat	konghatandunk or kongandhatunk	konghatandotok or kongandhattok	konghatandanak or kongandhatnak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	konghatnék	konghatnál	konghatna	konghatnánk	konghatnátok	konghatnának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. konghatott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	konghassak	konghass or konghassál	konghasson	konghassunk	konghassatok	konghassanak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. konghatott légyen
infinitive	(konghatni)		(konghatnom)	(konghatnod)	(konghatnia)	(konghatnunk)	(konghatnotok)	(konghatniuk)
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
	―			―		(konghatva / konghatván)

or

Conjugation of kong

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	kongok	kongasz	kong	kongunk	kongotok	konganak
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	kongottam	kongottál	kongott	kongottunk	kongottatok	kongottak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kongani fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	kongék	kongál	konga	kongánk	kongátok	kongának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kong vala, kongott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	kongandok	kongandasz	kongand	kongandunk	kongandotok	kongandanak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	konganék	konganál	kongana	konganánk	konganátok	konganának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kongott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	kongjak	kongj or kongjál	kongjon	kongjunk	kongjatok	kongjanak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kongott légyen
infinitive	kongani		konganom	konganod	kongania	konganunk	konganotok	konganiuk
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
	kongás		kongó	kongott	―	kongva (kongván)

Potential conjugation of kong

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	konghatok	konghatsz	konghat	konghatunk	konghattok	konghatnak
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	konghattam	konghattál	konghatott	konghattunk	konghattatok	konghattak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
archaic preterite		indef.	konghaték	konghatál	konghata	konghatánk	konghatátok	konghatának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. konghat vala, konghatott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	konghatandok or kongandhatok	konghatandasz or kongandhatsz	konghatand or kongandhat	konghatandunk or kongandhatunk	konghatandotok or kongandhattok	konghatandanak or kongandhatnak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	konghatnék	konghatnál	konghatna	konghatnánk	konghatnátok	konghatnának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. konghatott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	konghassak	konghass or konghassál	konghasson	konghassunk	konghassatok	konghassanak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. konghatott légyen
infinitive	(konghatni)		(konghatnom)	(konghatnod)	(konghatnia)	(konghatnunk)	(konghatnotok)	(konghatniuk)
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
	―			―		(konghatva / konghatván)

Derived terms

• kongás
• kongat
• kong-bong

Related terms

• kondít
• kondul
• kongat

Further reading

• kong in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Mandarin

Romanization

kong

1. Nonstandard spelling of kōng.
2. Nonstandard spelling of kǒng.
3. Nonstandard spelling of kòng.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

North Moluccan Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koŋ/

Particle

kong

1. (when used at the end of sentence) Indicates an emphatic declarative sentence.

   Dorang yang datang kong.

   They are the ones who come.

2. (when used at the end of sentence, with interrogative intonation) Indicates a question.

   Dorang yang datang kong?

   Are they the ones who come?

3. Indicates amazement or similar.

   Kunci kong taro di luar.

   Why did you put the key outside.

   Kita kong babaisap.

   Why should I smoke if I don't?

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse kaun.

Noun

kong m (definite singular kongen, indefinite plural konger, definite plural kongene)

1. boil, carbuncle, abscess

Etymology 2

From konge (“king”).

Noun

kong (indeclinable)

1. The titular prefix given to a king

   kong Haakon VII

Related terms

• konge

References

• “kong” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “kong” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse kaun n.

Alternative forms

• kaun

Noun

kong m (definite singular kongen, indefinite plural kongar, definite plural kongane)

1. boil, carbuncle, abscess

Etymology 2

From Old Norse kongr and konungr, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz. Akin to English king.

Alternative forms

• kung, konge

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuŋ/, [ku̞ŋɡ], [ku̞ŋː], /koŋ/, [kɞ̞ŋɡ], [kɞ̞ŋː]
• Hyphenation: kóng

Noun

kong m (definite singular kongen, indefinite plural kongar, definite plural kongane)

1. king
   1. a male monarch
   2. a playing piece in chess
   3. a playing card with the image of a king on it
2. The titular prefix given to a king

   kong Haakon VII

References

• “kong” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “kong” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring