起工
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]to rise; to raise; to get up | work; worker; skill work; worker; skill; profession; trade; craft; labour | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (起工) | 起 | 工 | |
simp. #(起工) | 起 | 工 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hei2 gung1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hí-kûng
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khí-kang
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5chi-kon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄍㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cǐgong
- Wade–Giles: chʻi3-kung1
- Yale: chǐ-gūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiigong
- Palladius: цигун (cigun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hei2 gung1
- Yale: héi gūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei2 gung1
- Guangdong Romanization: héi2 gung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hí-kûng
- Hakka Romanization System: hiˋ gungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hi3 gung1
- Sinological IPA: /hi³¹ kuŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Verb
[edit]起工
- to start working; to start construction
Noun
[edit]起工
- (Southern Min) Alternative form of 紀綱 / 纪纲 (jìgāng)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
起 | 工 |
き Grade: 3 |
こう Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- starting construction
Derived terms
[edit]- 起工式 (kikōshiki)
Verb
[edit]起工する • (kikō suru) suru (stem 起工し (kikō shi), past 起工した (kikō shita))
- to break ground, to start construction
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "起工する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 起工し | きこうし | kikō shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 起工し | きこうし | kikō shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 起工する | きこうする | kikō suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 起工する | きこうする | kikō suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 起工すれ | きこうすれ | kikō sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 起工せよ¹ 起工しろ² |
きこうせよ¹ きこうしろ² |
kikō seyo¹ kikō shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 起工される | きこうされる | kikō sareru | |
Causative | 起工させる 起工さす |
きこうさせる きこうさす |
kikō saseru kikō sasu | |
Potential | 起工できる | きこうできる | kikō dekiru | |
Volitional | 起工しよう | きこうしよう | kikō shiyō | |
Negative | 起工しない | きこうしない | kikō shinai | |
Negative continuative | 起工せず | きこうせず | kikō sezu | |
Formal | 起工します | きこうします | kikō shimasu | |
Perfective | 起工した | きこうした | kikō shita | |
Conjunctive | 起工して | きこうして | kikō shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 起工すれば | きこうすれば | kikō sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Wu verbs
- Chinese nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 起
- Chinese terms spelled with 工
- Mandarin terms with quotations
- Southern Min Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 起 read as き
- Japanese terms spelled with 工 read as こう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs