Appendix:Berta word lists
Appearance
The following comparative word list of Berta languages is from Neudorf (2016)[1] and Bremer (2016: 37-43).[2]
Neudorf (2016)
[edit]Berta word list (Mayu dialect) from Neudorf (2016):
- Dialect: Mayu
- Location: area around Asosa
- Informant: Abdu Nassir Ali (from Abramo)
List
[edit]no. | gloss | Berta (orthographic) | Berta (phonemic) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | all | kqíllíñ | k’ílːíŋ |
2 | and | u | u |
3 | animal | gíñbuushú | gímbuːʃú |
4 | ashes | bubuda | bubuda |
5 | at | thá | θá |
6 | back | gundi | gundi |
7 | bad | shúní | ʃúní |
8 | bark | faashu | faːʃu |
9 | because | ashan | aʃan |
10 | belly | iyú | ijú |
11 | big | dqáñi | ɗáŋi |
12 | bird | misqé shoorú | mis’é ʃoːrú |
13 | bite (v.) | pqiidqa | p’iːɗa |
14 | black | milí | milí |
15 | blood | kqáfa | k’áfa |
16 | blow (by mouth) | fulá | fulá |
17 | bone | kqaara | k’aːra |
18 | breathe | shóóra | ʃóːra |
19a | burn, shine | dúúda | dúːda |
19b | burn (force) | dáára -qi | dáːra -i |
20 | child | gadi | gadi |
21 | cloud | agúúru | agúːru |
22 | cold | dqashí | ɗaʃí |
23a | come (sg) | adô | adô |
23b | come (pl) | zaô | saô |
23c | come (fut.) | pqeriñí | p’eriŋí |
24 | count (numbers) | ídda (Arabic) | ídːa |
25 | cut off | kqithá | k’iθá |
26 | day (not night) | munzúyú | munsújú |
27 | die | músha | múʃa |
28a | dig (animal) | pqeera | p’eːra |
28b | dig (person) | fúdqa | fúɗa |
28c | dig (with hand) | uutha | uːθa |
29 | dirty | didqí | diɗí |
30 | dog | gali | gali |
31 | drink | mééra | méːra |
32 | dry up (intr.) | dqethá | ɗeθá |
33 | dull (knife) | sharí ndu | ʃarí ndu |
34 | dust | ambudúr | ambudúr |
35 | ear | ile | ile |
36 | earth (soil) | sqakqa | s’ak’a |
37a | to eat (general) | thiña | θiŋa |
38 | egg | húúhúlú | húːhúlú |
39 | eye | are | are |
40 | fall (drop) | sqikqá | s’ik’á |
41 | far | squriñi añ | s’uriŋi aŋ |
42 | fat (person) | márshí | márʃí |
43a | father | abbá | abːá |
43b | your father | abúñó | abúŋó |
44 | fear | hibá | hibá |
45 | feather | misqé bush | mis’é buʃ |
46 | few | baalá shúgo | baːlá ʃúgo |
47 | fight | bashú | baʃú |
48 | fire | mû | mû |
49 | fish | yaguth | yaguθ |
50 | five | hámsa | hámsa |
51 | flea | bísqoñ | biś’oŋ |
52 | flour | guula | guːla |
53 | flower | amudqa | amuɗa |
54 | fly (v.) | badá | badá |
55 | fly (n.) | horóñ | horóŋ |
56 | foot | hu | hu |
57 | four | arba | arba |
58 | fox | anthamañ | anθamaŋ |
59 | fruit | are | are |
60 | to give | daa | daː |
61 | good | pqishí | p’iʃí |
62 | grass | ñeera | ŋera |
63 | green | galazí | galasí |
64 | guts | iyúkqaasqí | iyúk’aːs’í |
65 | hair | bush | buʃ |
66 | hand | thaba | θaba |
67 | he | ñine | ŋine |
68 | head | alú | alú |
69 | hear, obey | haala ndu | haːla ndu |
70 | heart | bishi | biʃi |
71 | heavy | ñésqí | ŋeś’í |
72 | here | thálé | θálé |
73 | hit | shapqútha | ʃap’úθa |
74 | hold (in hand) | damá | damá |
75 | how | shaíné | ʃaíné |
76 | hunt (game) | kqapqá | k’ap’á |
77 | husband | idé | idé |
78 | I | ali | ali |
79 | ice | esho | eʃo |
80 | if | ma | ma |
81 | in | -yú | -yú |
82 | to kill | fia | fia |
83 | know (facts) | maada | maːda |
84 | lake | gaama | gaːma |
85 | laugh | kqééda | k’éːda |
86 | leaf | duudu ile | duːdu ile |
87 | left (hand) | gambí | gambí |
88 | leg | hu | hu |
89 | lie (on side) | tháma alú thíri | θáma alú θíri |
90 | live | gúda | gúda |
91 | liver | nekqéth | nek’éθ |
92 | long | squriñí | s’uriŋí |
93 | louse | dqííñí | ɗíːŋí |
94 | man (male) | maaba idelé | maːba idelé |
95 | many | míllañ | mílːaŋ |
96 | meat (flesh) | uqûñ | uʔûŋ |
97 | moon | zigi | sigi |
98a | mother | ammá | amːá |
98b | your mother | didíñó | didíŋó |
99 | mountain | asola | asola |
100 | mouth | ndu | ndu |
101 | name | hu | hu |
102 | narrow | kqosqiyú | k’os’iyú |
103 | near | ithiga | iθiga |
104 | neck | doño | doŋo |
105 | new | tqokqoló | t’ok’oló |
106 | night | habítháñ | habíθáŋ |
107 | nose | amúñ | amúŋ |
108 | not | walá | walá |
109 | old, worn (thing) | adurgáñ | adurgáŋ |
110 | one | dqukqúnúñ | ɗuk’únúŋ |
111 | other | -ñgúnuñ | -ŋgúnuŋ |
112 | person | maaba | maːba |
113 | play | ííla | íːla |
114 | pull | gúúra | gúːra |
115 | push | dqelá | ɗelá |
116 | rain (v.) | bidí | bidí |
117 | red | beñení | beŋení |
118 | right (correct) | pqishí | p’iʃí |
119 | right (hand) | pqishí | p’iʃí |
120 | river | buli | buli |
121 | road | thoñor | θoŋor |
122 | root | fiili | fiːli |
123 | rope | diiñí | diːŋí |
124 | rotten (log) | squí | s’uí |
125 | rub (massage) | himá | himá |
126 | salt | kqorí | k’orí |
127 | sand | shéékqe | ʃéːk’e |
128 | say | kqala | k’ala |
129 | scratch (itch) | kqoñkqoña | k’oŋk’oŋa |
130 | sea (wide river) | déélí | déːlí |
131 | see | maada -qi | maːda -i |
132 | seed | arisqa | aris’a |
133 | sew | gorá | gorá |
134 | sharp (knife) | pqílí ndu | p’ílí ndu |
135 | short | dqúgurí | ɗúgurí |
136 | sing | háára | háːra |
137 | sit | dqoñósha | ɗoŋóʃa |
138 | skin (person) | shafa | ʃafa |
139 | sky | shor | ʃor |
140 | sleep | dírsha | dírʃa |
141 | small (young) | kqosqí | k’os’í |
142 | smell (tr.) | áñona | áŋona |
143 | smoke | dquutha | ɗuːθa |
144 | smooth | rigisqí | rigis’í |
145 | snake | kquria | k’uria |
146 | snore | bambariña | bambariŋa |
147 | some | -máñ | -máŋ |
148 | spit | busqá alú | bus’á alú |
149 | split | sqééra | s’éːra |
150 | squeeze | pqaratha | p’araθa |
151 | stab (or stick) | shúúkqa | ʃúːk’a |
152 | stand | shúriña | ʃúriŋa |
153 | star | íísqu | íːs’u |
154 | stick (of wood) | basqaro | bas’aro |
155 | stone | bele | bele |
156 | straight | namúqí | namú’í |
157 | suck | squnthiña | s’unθiŋa |
158 | sun | munzú | munsú |
159 | swell | horboba | horboba |
160 | swim | abua | abua |
161 | tail | abaro | abaro |
162 | that (pronoun) | mbálo | mbálo |
163 | there | thaño | θaŋo |
164 | they | maré | maré |
165 | thick (soup) | guruthí | guruθí |
166 | thin | shúdqí | ʃúɗí |
167 | to think | zañzaña | saŋsaŋa |
168 | this | mbálé | mbálé |
169 | thou/you | ñgó | ŋgó |
170a | three (Mayu) | taláta (Arabic) | taláta (Arabic) |
170b | three (other dialects) | mohothe | mohoθe |
171 | throw | dqaakqa | ɗaːk’a |
172 | tie | dqoosha | ɗoːʃa |
173 | tongue | hala | hala |
174 | tooth (front) | ndúfudí | ndúfudí |
175 | tree | sqisqía | s’is’ía |
176 | turn | áshimbiriña | áʃimbiriŋa |
177 | two | holoñoní | holoŋoní |
178 | vomit | guugúña | guːgúŋa |
179 | walk | adá | adá |
180 | warm (weather) | badqí | baɗí |
181 | wash | gísqa | gís’a |
182 | water | firi | firi |
183 | we | hathâñ | haθâŋ |
184 | wet | pqúsqí | p’ús’í |
185 | what | náñ | náŋ |
186 | when | awúné | awúné |
187 | where | wááné | wáːné |
188 | white | fudí | fudí |
189 | who | nda | nda |
190 | wide | dqáñíyú | ɗáŋíyú |
191 | wife | niñé | niŋé |
192 | wind (breeze) | bubani | bubani |
193 | win | goora -yú | goːra -yú |
194 | wipe | sqúa alú | s’úa alú |
195 | with (accompanying) | thá -le | θá -le |
196 | woman | niñé | niŋé |
197 | woods | sqisqía | s’is’iá |
198 | worm | amudqu | amuɗu |
199a | year (Mayu) | sána (Arabic) | sána (Arabic) |
199b | year (other dialects) | róóndu | róːndu |
200 | yellow | ma gaashá | ma gaːʃá |
Bremer (2016)
[edit]No. | English gloss | Amharic gloss | Maiyu | Fadashi | Undulu | Beleje Gonfoye |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | hand | እጅ | θabá | θabá | θabá | la:bá |
2 | arm | እጅ | bʊʷa | beː tuká | biʲé | biʲé |
3 | alive | በሕይወት | siː θaːre | siː θaːre | hiːʔiya | (mba) si lːaré |
4 | spider | ሸረሪት | abarəbɛd | abarabɛt | bəmːbɛt | abarabɛti |
5 | caterpillar | ኣባጨጓሬ | abɔbɔne | abɔbɔne | áːbɔbɔʔí | ababɔʔi |
6 | navel | እንብርት | abuldu | korombo | ágórómbo | abulːu |
7 | butterfly | ቢራቢሮ | abúrbúdu | aburbudu | abúrbúdu | aburbudu |
8 | be sorry | አዘነ | ʃúnga -áŋ | hoseʲu | adːagoʃ gáŋ | nɛ dʒɛrɪbɪs |
9 | lung | ሳንባ | afaɲfaras’ | anfanforos’ | áːwáwórés’ | awawardʒi |
10 | fence | አጥር | agoŋgór | abɪliʲa | agoŋhór | aːmaʲé |
11 | thief | ሌባ | agɔrθé | agorá | agorθa | agora |
12 | pumpkin | ዱባ | aːgu | agó | agóʔ | aʔgó |
13 | brother | ወንድም | agudi | agúdí | agúdíʔ | agudiʔo |
14 | sell | ሸጠ | ʃibila alú | ɛlenelo | afíːjálu | ɛlenolo |
15 | be tired | ደከመ | ʃílí | shɪle | aʃílé | ʃile / asɪle |
16 | wealth | ሃብት | ʃimbil | ʃɪmbil | nda ʃimbilu | dʒidɛne |
17 | too, also, again, furthermore | ደግሞ | ʃíŋ | le ali / ʃíɲ | dókole | mɪsi / tɛkolalɪ jali |
18 | breakfast | ቁርስ | al fat’úr | fɛdari | áːsúːndu | awotʃo ndu |
19 | elephant | ዝሆን | al fîl, ɔŋ | mɛdege | alfîl | metɪkeː |
20 | Thursday | ሐሙሰ | al hamís | alhamís | alhamís | laːri kəmɪso |
21 | be spoiled, rotten | በሰበሰ | s’ʊwí | suːwaʔi | rohé | t͡ʃ’uwé |
22 | whirlwind, dirt devil | አዉለንፋስ | ʃɛbaro | ʃɛboro | adurdur | awːulé |
23 | prayer and worship | ጸሎትና አምልኮ | al ʔibáda, aːsɛla | aːsɛla | aːsɛlaʔ | wɛgɛra |
24 | paper | ወረቀት | al wárga | alwarəga | alfaraga | dodo be |
25 | mother | የእኔ እናት | amːá | amːá | áːʔó | dadi |
26 | send | ላክ | agɛna | ̄nɛbenːa | hɛ́ːbena | jebɛne |
27 | imprison, tie up | ቀጣ | sɛ́gɛna, ɗɔːʃa | ɗoːʃa | ɗóːʃɛfa | ɗosɛne |
28 | tasty | ጣፍጧል | s’ɛbí | s’oːbí | nɛgɛnɛge | tʃ’oɓɛneʲa |
29 | darken | አጨለመ | ámilu aŋ | aːmíle | amːbúwé | aŋʲa milowe |
30 | dry season | በጋ | amɔːzó | aːmoːsó | aiyedʒɛlu | la mundʒoʷ |
31 | sister-in-law | የሚስት እህት (ምራት) | amʊ́dudú | máːʃí | máːʃí | mːbá maːsí |
32 | maize | በቆሎ | amʊ́lːé | sil bɛgaru | sɛrábu | laː ɲiɲdolo |
33 | chicks | ጫጩት | p’íːpíʲó | bibiyo / mise guːle | mɪseʔ biːle | ɓiɓiʲo |
34 | open | ከፈተ | pʊːdá | ɓʊːdá | ɓuːdaː | ɓudɛne |
35 | tell, make known | ነገረ | p’ulá | ɓula, doːra | θórógáː | ɓuleʲane |
36 | health | ጤና | bus’k’é gɔɗa | eːgoːɗa | góːɗé | goɗe |
37 | pound smooth, grind fine | ደቀቀ | rígis’iŋa | rɛgis’e | díːsɛfaʔ | silːɪne |
38 | eye | አይን | are | are / areʔolo | aroʔóló | aré |
39 | forehead | ግንባር | are gundi | are gundi | are gundi | are gundi |
40 | tomorrow | ነገ | asːəbá | mɛnɗaʃi | menɗɛʃí, mendʒɛf | uːʷé |
41 | termite hill | ኩይሳ (የምስጥ ቤት) | p’agú | ɓaŋgó | ɓaŋgó | ʃuli moro, ɓaŋgó |
42 | cultivate, plough | አርሰ | p’áːla | ɓaːle | ɓáːle | ɓáːle |
43 | keep away, block | ከለከለ፣አራቀ | p’aːra -ʔi | məriɛne | məriɛne | aʔurwaːne |
44 | stand | ቆመ | p’eːla | ɓeːlé | ɓíːló | |
45 | post, pillar | ምሰሶ | aʃíːba | guɗuba, aʃiːba, ʃɪleli | gúɗúbí | abiliʲo |
46 | turn around | ዞረ | áʃɪmbriŋa | ʃɪmbira | bɛrʃiŋá, agiʃiŋgɛríŋ | ɗakʷoaʔe |
47 | shadow | ጥላ | aʃirɪ́ŋk’íθ | aːʃoré, aŋgɪʃir | aːʃorén | asórí |
48 | mouth, language | ኣፍ | ndu | ndu | ndu | ndu |
49 | lips | ከንፈር | ndu ʃɛfa | ndu ʃɛfaʔ | ndu ʃɛfaʔ | ndu ʃɛwa |
50 | sleep | እንቅልፍ | nɛndígi | nɛndɛgi | əndɪ́ge | nɛdigi |
51 | half | anːus | aːs’oma | aːkiθowaʔ | bebɛlolo | |
52 | fly (v) | በረረ | bədá | bədé | bədé | buːne |
53 | be hot | ሞቀ | bɛɗí | bɛɗi | bɛɗí | bəɗi |
54 | be sick | ታመመ | bɛɗí | sukuliŋe | sukuθiŋe | t͡ʃ’uleʔe |
55 | be strong | ጠንካራ | p’áɗiʔí | ɓəɗiʔi | ɓə́ɗiʔé | ɓaɗolo |
56 | hide, conceal | ተደበቀ | bəná | bone | ɓóːkoló | ɓəŋoʔe |
57 | catch | ያዘ | múːfa | mːoːne | múːfo | mʷɔːne |
58 | be red | ቀይ ሆነ | bɪɲɛní | bɪni | bɛní | bɛɲi |
59 | stop, prohibit | አታድርግ፣ቆመ | bəká | beːká | ari | biːlaʔo |
60 | enough! | በቃ! | bəka | koːɗe | ɲéːʃe | kóːɗé |
61 | sweet | ጣፈጠ | mɛnɛ́mɛɲɪní | menémeniɲi | nɛkɪnɛki | nɛnɛmɛnmeʔi |
62 | women | ሴቶች | míːhi | mehi | ? | waː meʲile |
63 | wives | ሚስቶች | miːhi | mehi | mɪhi | waː ɓodole |
64 | snore | ኣንኮራፋ | bɔŋgóri | haroɗi | goróɗi | ɲarɗoɗe |
65 | frog | እንቁራሪት | bɔñɔ́ʃ | boŋoʃ | boŋkóʃ | koŋosi |
66 | insult, offend | ሰደበ | bɔʃa | bóʃa | bóːʃa | bosa |
67 | return | ተመለሰ፣ሄደ | maθá | moliaʔi | mɛθóʔilo | nolaʔolo |
68 | rainbow | ቀስተዳመና | məzəlo | mozol | mogól | amuʷgaʔo |
69 | evening | ምሽት | mbə́ giʃú | giːgije | maː͡dʒíhe | aːbule |
70 | theirs | የእነሱ | mbə́ máre | mbəmare | mbə́máre | mbəmaré |
71 | yours (pl) | የእናንተ | mbə́ ŋgáma | mbəma | mbúma | mbəma |
72 | be/become wet | ራሰ፣ረጠበ | p’ʊ́s’í | ɓus’i | ɓús’í | ɓutʃ’i |
73 | uncle | bobo gwalé | boːbo agudane | |||
74 | body | ሰውነት | bʊsk’e | bus’ike | bɪsk’e | bɪsɪk’e |
75 | give (it) | ሰጠ | daː | ndɛne | ndɪné | ndɛnːe |
76 | fat (n.) | ጮማ | mək’ɔʃ | mək’oʃ | mok’oʃ | k’oːsi |
77 | other, another | ሌላ | mánañ | maːmaŋ | mɓɪɗiŋgu | mbə siʲe |
78 | dawn | ንጋት | mans’aré | ansaːre | men͡dʒɛf | antʃ’ɛre |
79 | father | abbá | abːa | aːb͡aiyó | boːbo | |
80 | be dirty | ቆሸሸ | diɗí | diːde | bɛlɛsí | diːɗolo |
81 | rope | ገመድ | diːŋí, mʊrθa | maːrá | marθá | deːɲi |
82 | teacher | አስተማሪ | maːbə́ gɛrəŋí | nda gɛraʔi | ndá gɛraʔí | mba amotiʷa are |
83 | farmer | ገበሬ | maːbá p’áːlí | nda ɓálí | ndá ɓɛ́lí | mba ɓəli |
84 | sew, mend | ሰፋ | gɔrá | korá | goráfa | gorá(ne) |
85 | yesterday | dʒíːdí | gíːjé | gɪfé | maːgiːʲe | |
86 | jump | ዘለለ | gʊ́da | gúːɗɛ | ho:ré | hóɾé |
87 | baboon | ዝንጀሮ | dʊ́ʷosh | duʔaʃ | tóːʃ | doːʃi |
88 | be different, differ | ተለየ | ɗɛfəru | faːra gundi | dɛgasu úlú | aʔteʲʔe |
89 | day before yesterday | ከትላንት ወዲያ | dʒíːdímáŋ | giːʲa menːdo | mːóːsɛle | uʔweː duɲku |
90 | today | ʃɛkɔŋ | hosʃoɗaŋ | təkːolé | toʷkulalo | |
91 | grow | አደገ | ɗáːŋa | ɗuɲé | ɗúɲé | ɗuːɲe |
92 | be cold | ቀዘቀዘ | ɗɛʃí | ɗaːʃé | ɗaʃé | ɗaːse |
93 | ask | ጠየቀ | ɗɔk’ɔθa | ɗokoθa | dukuθa | dokolɛne |
94 | sit, sit down | ተቀመጠ | ɗɔŋɔ́ʃa | ɗoŋoʃa | ʃəŋóːθa | ɗoŋose |
95 | be short | አጠረ | ɗʊ́gurí | tʃ’ɪdɛri | dʒidɛri | k’ideɾe |
96 | smoke (n.) | ጭስ | ɗʊːθa | ɗoːθa | ɗuːθa | ɗuːla |
97 | judge (v.) | ፈረደ | fə́rada | fárada, haga mofa | haga mofa | ne k’ilogɛ nɛne |
98 | proud, conceited | ኩራተኛ | ʃoːfaʔi | kiθ kɛné | hoɓəde | |
99 | oil | ዘይት | k’ɔʃ | k’oʃ | k’oʃ | k’oɾi |
100 | boat | መርከብ | k’urfe | k’urfe | bidɛru | |
101 | again | ኣንደገና | fíʃ | moːθeju / fiʃ | mɪʃiŋ́̊ | ŋolalolo |
102 | money | ገንዘብ | fʊːda | hoːda | birɗi | sɪmbɪli |
103 | rabbit | ጥንቸል | fʊ́ːfúr | hóːhór | fúːfúr | aːʷoːɾi |
104 | before (time) | በፊት | gə́bʊl | ɓəɗé | ɓɛɗé | lara gundi |
105 | bamboo | ቀርከሀ | kaːgú | kaːgú | gaːgú | kaːgu |
106 | be green | አረንጓዴ ሆነ | gɛlasí | galasí | galazí | mbə gɛgɛdəkɛdi |
107 | dew | ጤዛ | gas’iʲa | gas’ia | gas’ia | k’ɛtʃ’iʲa |
108 | greet, visit | ሰላም አለ | geːra | gɛːra | gɛːré | gera |
109 | one day | jom | muːzeju manenku | munzóː munenko | le mʷoɲʃo | |
110 | or | ወይም | wɛlːa | wɛ́lːa | wɛ́lːa | mbeːʔe |
111 | fish | አሳ | yəguθ | nɛgú | aːmondín | nəgu |
112 | riddle | እንቆቅልሽ | dʒín daːlíʲa | gíndaːlía | gíndaalía | aːoːɾi |
113 | problem, disturbance | ችግር | dʒín húshi, rɔθa siː | rora síʔí | θora síʔí | sɛɾi |
114 | small, little | ትንሽ | k’ɔs’í | nengwalé, k’osí | gwa léːʃo | bɛbilolo |
115 | spine, back | ጀራባ፣አከርካሪ | gʊndi | gundi | guːndó | gundi |
116 | behind, (in the) back of | ከጀርባ፣ከኋላ | ma gundi | ma gundi | gundi | ma gundu |
117 | tail | ጅራት | abaro | abɛre | abɛre | abare |
118 | shepherd | እረኛ | haːʃi | haːʃe | həːnʃe | haːse |
119 | tree | ዛፍ | s’ɪs’íʲa | ɪŋgolé | oŋgolé | ɪŋgóle |
120 | wood | እንጨት | s’ɪs’iʲa hɔʃɛli | ɪŋgolé holɛfa | oŋgolé hoʃɛle | ɪŋgóle hosale |
121 | mourn, cry | አለቀሰ | hɔna, biːʲe | ɓaːʲe | biːʲe | biːʲe |
122 | be dry | ደረቀ | hɔʃəla | hoʃɛle | hoʃala | hosalé |
123 | egg | እንቁላል | húhúlú | hólú | hóːhólú | hoːholo |
124 | moon | sɪgi | sigi | zigi | dʒigi | |
125 | play | ተጫወተ | íːla | iʔile | ííla | iːle |
126 | star | ኮከብ | íís’u | íːs’u | íːs’u | bəruru |
127 | week | ሳምንት | ɪzbu | ador | θabaholeyu minːegu | uːwé dunk’u |
128 | always, daily | ቀን በ ቀን | mufaiʲo tʃ’ílːíŋ | muje muje | li mundʒu li mundʒu | |
129 | blood | ደም | k’áfa | k’afa | k’áfaŋ | k’awa |
130 | be bitter | መራራ | k’əs’í | k’as’i | bɛ k’adʒi | |
131 | laugh | ሳቀ | k’ééda | keːde | ͡tʃɛ́ːdi | k’eːte |
132 | eat, chew meat | በላ | k’ɔ́la | k’ola | k’óla | k’ola |
133 | whistle | አፏጨ | fens’iŋa | fɛnsiŋa | fɛnteŋí | wɛnteɲe |
134 | dream | አለመ | féʃa | are feːsi | fɛ́ʃi | ar͡ai uwesi |
135 | village | መንደር | láŋk’a | adar | héːsa | aɲi ŋoluwɛleya |
136 | person | ሰው | maːbə | ndə mili | ndə míli | ndə mili |
137 | dark yellow | ቢጫ | mə gaːʃá | ma gaːʃá | ma gaːʃá | bɛ ɪdʒɪgɛri |
138 | sleep (v.) | ተኛ | dírʃa | tirʃa | θə́rʃa | ɗiŋa |
139 | claw, fingernail | ጥፍር | máːshũ | maːʃó | mə́nʃó | maːsiːso |
140 | gift | ስጦታ | daːdó | ndaline | ndɪdíŋ | gɪmbɛnduʷa |
141 | ours | የእኛ | mánk’a | mːanka | maŋka | |
142 | mine | የእኔ | mánk’o | mːanko | manko | |
143 | yours (sg) | የአንተ | mbáʔa | mbaʔa | mːbáʔa | |
144 | lock (n.) | ሰረገላ ቁልፍ | mulhí handuŋú | mulhí handuŋú | mulhí handuŋú | mui handu ɲolo |
145 | sun | ፀሀይ | munsú | moːs’ó | munzú | muɲdʒo |
146 | die (v.) | ሞተ | múʃa | múʃé | jěː | muːʃe |
147 | why? | ለምን? | náːnói | mbóléjá | náːnúʔa | mboleʔiʲa |
148 | be pregnant | እርጉዝ | ɔlgɪɲi | olgiŋi | wol͡dʒiŋʔi | olgɪne |
149 | bleed | ደማ | ɓuda | ɓuɗí | ɓuːɗe | |
150 | cloth, clothes | ልብስ | ɔr | or | or | oɾi |
151 | to play (an instrument) | béː | béː | beː | ||
152 | early, in the morning | ማለዳ፣ጠዋት | adːʊk’ʊʃ | meneɗɛʃimːbe | mɛn ɗɛ́ʃí | maːbus |
153 | trumpet | awaza | wáːsa | wáːsa | ||
154 | be true | እውነት | asːé | asːé | goːɗi | tɛn:te |
155 | scratch, scrape off | ጫረ | p’eːra, kɔŋkɔne | k’oŋkoni | ɓeːra | k’okone |
156 | dig | ቆፈረ (ለእንስሳት) | fʊda | hoːɗa | baːla | |
157 | bread | ዳቦ | p’ɪmːp’íl | ɓɛmbɛl | ɓɪmɓɪl | bɪmːbil |
158 | trousers | ሱሪ | asʊrwâl | asːurwal | aʃoŋːhár | asurani |
159 | guest | እንግዳ | as’ís’i | as’is’i | as’ís’i | as’is’e |
160 | Berta knife | handʒir | haɳ͡ dʒir | haŋːhir | haɲgɪri | |
161 | net | መረብ | aʃɛ́bəka | ʃiŋí | ʃíːle | deŋi nəguŋu |
162 | rain | ዝናብ | rɔ | rô | rô | rô |
163 | year | አመት | rɔ́ːndu | róóndu | róːndu | roŋoloʔur |
164 | time | ጊዜ | áːŋ | áŋ moːso | asːat | təkolal |
165 | smell (trans v.) | አሸተተ | áŋɔna | aŋoní | aŋːoní | aŋonɛne |
166 | sharpen | ሳለ (ለቢላ) | áp’ila | aːɓila | aːɓila | guʷane |
167 | ground, soil, earth | መሬት | s’ak’a | s’ak’a | s’ak’a | tʃ’ɛka |
168 | saddle | ኮሪቻ | amaɗí | amaɗé | amaɗé | aːmele |
169 | beads | ጨሌ | amanzi | amanzi | amanzi | aʔmɛndʒi |
170 | rat | አይጥ | amasíɲ | amaziɲ | amazí | aʔmadʒi |
171 | dust | ኣቧራ | ambʊdúr | amburu | hohuθa | ambuduɾo |
172 | darkness | ጨለማ | amilo | amiluʔa | amiluʔi | aɲi miloʔi |
173 | sand | አሸዋ | ʃéːk’e | ʃéːk’e | ʃeːtʃ’e | asesɛke |
174 | deaf | ደንቆሮ | ʃɛr íle | máːla | sher íle | mbəɲiro ilo |
175 | buy | ገዛ | ʃɪbila | jéːla | eːlɛna | |
176 | chair | ወምበር | al kʊ́rsi | ama:ɗé | alkúrsi | adəŋo |
177 | rest (v.) | አረፈ | ʃɔ́ːra | ʃóːra | ʃóːra | soːre |
178 | hut | ገጆ | ʃúl ɲɛːra | ʃulgwaːlé | ʃúl ɲera | sulɲero / sul gʷole |
179 | cloud | ደመና | agúːru | agúːru | agúːru | aguru |
180 | friend | ጓደኛ | ahap’u | haːɓu | aːgúʃúŋ | age |
181 | to, towards | ወደ | θá | lɛ | θɛwa | la |
182 | here | እዚህ | θɛ́lːé | θoːʔi / loːʔi | θoːʔiyu | loːle |
183 | medicine | መድሐኒት | adːɛ́wa | s’is’ia?iɲ | addáwa | hoːtʃo |
184 | stirring stick, whisk | ማማሰያ | aɗaɗáfɛd | ɗaɗafet | aɗanɗafet | mulaːʷo |
184 | forgive, have mercy | ምህረት አደረገ፣ይቅር አለ | afiːŋa | eʔafiːŋa | afiiña | bik’ɛneʲa |
186 | outside | ውጭ | θʊːθa | θoːla | θuːθe | ligogolo |
187 | new | አዲስ | t’ɔk’ɔló | tokolo / towolo | t’ok’oló | giːgoɗi |
188 | meat | ስጋ | ʊʔûŋ | oʔoŋ | uqûñ | oʔoɲe |
189 | mosquito | ቢምቢ | jámúθ | uːmuθ | jámúθ | úmúlí |
190 | maybe, could be | ምን አልባት | jɛ́bʊga | gaːʔí | amɪʃéːká | aneʔale |
191 | think, reflect | አሰበ | sɛŋzeŋa | sɛːŋané | senːa | dʒɛːrɛne |
192 | lazy | ሰነፈ | sɔsɔʔ | soːsoʔ | zozo | dʒódʒó |
193 | mud | ጭቃ | sʊre | sure | gaːma | átoʔkó |
194 | I (1sg) | ኣኔ | ali | ali | ali | ali |
195 | you (2sg) | ኣንተ | ŋgó | ngo | ɲɦó | ngo |
196 | he, she, it (3sg) | ɲine | ɲine | ɪnːe | ɪnːe | |
197 | we (1pl) | haθáŋ | həni | ɪnːka | ŋːa | |
198 | you (pl) (2pl) | haθú | halu | haθú | halú | |
199 | they (3pl) | məré | maré | maré | maré | |
200 | whisper | አንሾካሾከ | hahaʃa | haːʃa | hahasha | haːsɪne |
References
[edit]- ^ Neudorf, Susanne. 2016. Phonology of Berta. Language and Culture Archives, SIL International.
- ^ Bremer, Nate D. 2016. A Sociolinguistic Survey of Six Berta Speech Varieties in Ethiopia. SIL Electronic Survey Report 2016-007. Addis Ababa: SIL International.