Appendix:Bangime word list
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The following word list of Bangime, along with Dogon comparisons, is from Heath (2013).
List
[edit]No. | Gloss | Bangime | Dogon | Dogon languages cited |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | 1.s | mí | mí | various |
2. | 2.s | à | ú, á | various |
3. | 3.s | mì | wó | various |
4. | 1.pl | n dɛ́ | í, ɛ́mɛ́ | various |
5. | 2.pl | àà, á–rù | á | various |
6. | 3.pl | n níí | bé | various |
7. | it | káẁ/kɔ́ò | kó, kɔ́ | various |
8. | this | káẁ/kɔ́ò | nɔ́ɔ́ | various |
9. | that | káẁ/kɔ́ò | kɔ̀, kò | various |
10. | here | ímà | íní, ínâ, ìnûw̃, òló | various |
11. | there | kéɛ̀ⁿ | ɛ̌w̃ | various |
12. | who | jéà/jààrú | àà | various |
13. | what | né ʃìⁿ | ìndʒé | various |
14. | where | kóɔ̀ tè | jɔ̌w lé, jɔ̀ɔ́ lé | various |
15. | when | nɛ́ n nɛ̀ | bàj jàárà̃, bàj jɔ̀ɡɔ̀ɔ́ | various |
16. | how | nìí/nù mì | ááŋɡà | various |
17. | not | béé (káẁ) | òndí– ~ òndú–, kɔ̀ɔ̀–rɔ́ | various |
18. | all | (kíì) páⁿ | sâⁿ, pú | various |
19. | many | kíí péɛ́rɛ̄ | dʒwá, séɡú, sèɡ–íⁿ | various |
20. | some | màá táà | ntàá–nà | various |
21. | few | bíè bóɔ́rì | bààlè | various |
22. | other | kéɛ̀ tè | tóó | various |
23. | one | tórè | túrɛ̀ɛ̀ | Tebul Ure most languages are [túrú] |
24. | two | jìndò | jè–nɔ́ɔ́ | Yanda Dom |
25. | three | tààrù | tààlú | Perge Tegu |
26. | four | néɛ̀ | néèw̃, nìŋŋěȷ ̃ | Bunoge |
27. | five | núndì | nùmìí | Perge Tegu |
28. | big | (kíì) bɔ́rò̃, bóɡò | káŋ, ɡàrá, márá̃, bâȷ ̃ | Mombo, Togo Kan |
29. | long | bíéndɛ̀ | ʤàlɛ́ɛ́, mwɛ̀ɛ̀ⁿ | Najamba, Ampari |
30. | wide | téŋɡó | wàjá–ŋɡé | Najamba |
31. | heavy | mɛ̀rè̃ | démɛ́, nìmí–jè | Yorno–So, Najamba |
32. | small | (kírí) dáɣàj/kírí-jɛ̀ | dáɣá | Gourou and area |
33. | short | dúɡí–jɛ̀ | dùŋɡùrí–jè | Penange |
34. | narrow | (kíì) kàmbà-rà | ɛ̀mbú, pɛ̀ŋɡú | various |
35. | thin, little | bírɛ̀bɛ́ | bè–bíélè, bɔ̀ɔ̀rúwè ɡé | Yanda Dom, Ampari |
36. | house | kóò | úló, uro | Tebul Ure |
37. | person | ʒǐbɛ́ɛ́ | ɲɛ̀ʔⁿɛ̀ wé | Tomo Kan |
38. | woman | nnìé–rɛ̀ | ɲɛ̌ | Jamsay, Perge Tegu, Gourou,Togo–Kan |
39. | man | ɡóɔ̀ⁿ | àrá̃ | various |
40. | child, girl | jàá+mbɛ̀ | ii | various |
41. | wife | (máá) pʷíɛ̀ | jàá | various |
42. | husband | (máá) kándéé | ɔ̀ŋɡɔ̀rɔ́, nɔ̀ɡɔ̀ɔ́ | various |
43. | mother | nníjà | nàá, nìì | various |
44. | father | bɔ́ó | bɔ́ɔ̀ | Ben Tey, Bankan–Tey |
45. | animal | ʒǐríbɛ̀ɛ̀ | bɛ́lí | Mombo |
46. | sheep | ŋàmbàrá | ámbá | Tiranige |
47. | goat | bíìⁿ | bɛ̀rú, ɛ̀rɛ̃ ́ | Peregue, Gourou |
48. | cow | nnàà | nàŋà, nàà | various |
49. | fish | ɥíè n kò n ŋòɔ́ | nàw̃à | Toro Tegu |
50. | bird | dɔ́réɛ̀ | nìí | various |
51. | dog | kùrìʒèɛ́ | íínjɛ́ | Tiranige |
52. | louse | sɛ́mà | ||
53. | snake | kéréndɛ́ kéɛ̀ | ||
54. | tree | dʷàà, dʷàɛ̀ | tìmàá, tìmɛ̀ | various |
55. | stick | bùrá̃ | bíéré, báɡá | various |
56. | fruit | dʷáá m bìɛ́ | tìmɛ̀–ííⁿ | various |
57. | seed | búrúù | síí | various |
58. | leaf | pʷíɛ̀ⁿ | pùnɛ̌n | Najamba |
59. | root | ʒíìⁿ | cééŋ, wèèrî, dǐl | Jamsay, Nanga, Yanda Dom |
60. | bark | ʒàɡà | kòkòó | Togo–Kan |
61. | flower bud/flower | tʷíìⁿ | kúrɔ́ | various |
62. | grass, weeds | ɡǔʒé+ɛ̀ | ɡú–ɡúrú | Togo–Kan |
63. | rope | bɔ́ójɛ̀ | bóólè | Bunoge, various |
64. | skin | kíŋɡèɛ̀ | ɡùʤú | all |
65. | meat | nŋàẃ ~ ŋòɔ́ | nàw̃á, nàmá, nɔ̀w̃ɔ́ | all |
66. | blood | ʒíì | ɲíí, jènjé | Tomo Kan, Tebul Ure |
67. | bone | nnòɔ̀rɛ̀ | kìrá̃, ɡɔ̀ɔ̀ɡɛ̀ | all, Penange |
68. | oil | ŋʷìɛ̀ | ně–ŋɡó, nǔŋ | Najamba, various |
69. | egg | kúùⁿ | tàrú | Toro Tegu |
70. | horn | síráá | círá | Toro Tegu |
71. | tail | tííⁿ | dìlɔ̀ | Tiranige, etc. |
72. | hair | kúɥì | kùjá | Bankan–Tey |
73. | head | déɡè | kúúⁿ | various |
74. | ear – see nose | tàŋà | sùɡú, sùɡùrù, sùŋùnù | various |
75. | eye | ɡìré | sííbíɛ̀ | various |
76. | nose | súmbí–rì | cíní | various |
77. | mouth | nɔ́ɔ̀ | nɔ̀ɔ́ | Nanga |
78. | teeth | n nóɔ́ n síìⁿ | ínnì, ìn | various |
79. | tongue | nóɔ́ n ʒɛ̀rí | jɛ̀rɛ̀dɛ̀ⁿ | Tomo Kan |
80. | finger | nìì kwéɛ̀ⁿ | nɛ̀ɛ̀ síí | Mombo |
81. | foot, leg – see shoulder | bʷèɛ̀ | kúwɔ́ | various |
82. | knee | bʷèɛ̀ ŋ kúmbíɛ̀ | kúndú | various |
83. | wing, shoulder | kúwɔ̀ | ká–kárú | Mombo |
84. | belly | kóórɛ́é | kûl\\kûl, bɛ̀rɛ́ | Najamba, various |
85. | guts | bɔ́rbɔ́rdɛ̀, kɔ̀rì̃ì–ŋɔ̀ kúrúbɛ̀ | ʤùŋɔ́ | Najamba, Toɡo–Kan |
86. | neck | kẃà | kɔ̀rɔ́ | Jamsay and various |
87. | breast | súɥɛ̀ | ìríí, èsè | various |
88. | heart | ʋìmmɛ̀ | cɛ́nɛ̀ | Jamsay |
89. | liver | kúrí kìŋɡɛ́ɛ́ | kínɛ́ | Yorno–So |
90. | drink | nnìɛ́–rè | nɛ̀ɛ́ | various |
91. | eat | dì–á | jɔ́ɔ̀ jɛ̀, jɛ́ɛ́–rí, lí | Ampari, Toro Tegu |
92. | chew, bite, scorpion sting sb | támbà | támbá | all |
93. | spit | túʒú–rù/rì | tɔ̀ndʒî tɔ́ndʒí, tùrɛ̀ⁿ– dʒì tùrɛ́ | Nanga, various |
94. | vomit | nèɛ́ndí | ɡùlɔ́, úló, ùlò-lí | various |
95. | breathe | níírù | nínnú nínnɛ́ | Tommo–so and related |
96. | laughter, cause to laugh | mmáà | màndúù, màndám | Najamba |
97. | alive | bɔ̀ndó | ɔ́mɔ̀ɔ̀ | Tebul Ure |
98. | die | ʒáà | dɔ́ɔ̀, tíwɔ́, nuwɔ | Ampari, various |
99. | kill | ɥùúr–á | ʤâ | various |
100. | war | kóɔ́rì | kɔ̀mbɔ́ tá | Jamsay area |
101. | hunt | sísɔ́ɣɔ̀/kɛ́rɛ́ndì | dànní | various |
102. | hit | dèɡɛ́ | láɡá | Jamsay area |
103. | cut | jàɡ–á | jɔ̀ɡɔ́ | Yorno–so |
104. | split | pɛ́rɛ́ndɛ́, kórɔ̃ | ̀ pɛ́lsú, káwrá | Toro Tegu, various |
105. | scratch yourself | kɔ̌ɡɔ́jà | kɔ́nʤɔ́ | Tommo–So, various |
106. | dig | kíndù | ɡànʤá, ɡùló, wànʤá, ɡúʤó | various |
107. | travel | ŋwɔ̀ mɛ́ nà/ŋwɔ̀ mɛ́ ná wòrè | dáwɛ́ | various |
108. | walk | ŋwɔ́ⁿ | jój | Perge Tegu |
109. | run | tìɡɛ̀–ré | dúɡúrè | Mombo, Tiriange |
110. | come (see go) | nóò | wɔ́\\wá | Bankan–Tey, Tebul Ure, Yanda Dom, Najamba |
111. | lie | ɡíjɛ̀ n sɛ̀rɛ̀ | bɛ̀rɛ̀–cɛ́ʤɛ̀ cɛ́ʤɛ́ | all |
112. | sit (see stand) | térò | dìŋé | all |
113. | stand, stop | dínɛ̀ | íjɛ́, iɡɛ, ii | various |
114. | turn | ɡòmbíjɛ́ | kíɡíljè, ɡɔ̀ŋɔ́ | Mombo, Toro Tegu |
115. | fall | tìjò, tíbì | tíbɛ́ | Penanɡe |
116. | give | nnáẁ, níí | ów, ní | Toro Tegu, Ben Tey |
117. | take | nɲáẁ | áw\\áwá | Toro Teɡu |
118. | take, catch | síè | ìbíé | Tebul Ure |
119. | rub – massage deeply sb, stimulating muscles | ɡíjàrà | ɡàɣá/párá | various |
120. | wash | púɡ–ù | mɔ̀ɡ–ú | various |
121. | pull large things | júmbá–rà | jumba, árá, ʤùmbɛ́ | various |
122. | push | tǐŋɡá–rá | dàmbá | various |
123. | throw | ɡuɥ–i | ɡúʤé | Mombo area |
124. | tie | bàà | mɔ̀ɔ́ | Bankan Tey |
125. | sew | síí | kújé, píjɛ́ | various |
126. | count | ŋíȷ̃ɔ̀ | nìɡìlè, núɡó | Najamba and various |
127. | say, talk | nníŋá, díɡà | ɡáá | various |
128. | sing | nŋʷéɛ̀ | nùŋú, nùŋɔ́, nùŋɛ́ | various |
129. | play | sáŋà | cɛ̀ná cɛ́nú | various |
130. | swell | píndò pìndò | pír–ii pír–íí–jà | various |
131. | sun (but see ‘day’) | nnèɛ̀ (nnìé) | nì–nìí | Jamsay |
132. | moon | ɥíɛ́ | wɛ́ɛ̀ | Mombo |
133. | star | tòrè+mɛ́, tòrò | tóró, tònòlò–ȷ́ | various |
134. | water | ɥíè | níì | Ben Tey, Bankan–Tey, Nanga |
135. | rain | jóɔ̀ⁿ | jàrí, àjǎn | Najamba |
136. | river, pond | nŋɔ́ɔ́mbɛ̀ | ɡòndòlò | various |
137. | lake | dèwò | dɛ́ | Toro Tegu |
138. | salt | ɡéŋɡíè | mɛ̀nʤɛ́, mɛ̀nʤɛ́ ɡè | Ampari |
139. | sand | nímbɛ̀ | sì–sɔ̌m, sù–sɔ̌m | Jamsay |
140. | dust | kúrí | kùlɛ́–ŋ–kùlɛ̀ | Bunoge |
141. | world | ɡàʒɛ́ⁿ | ádúná, àdúrú̃ | all |
142. | cloud | póórò | ɔ̀rɔ̀ ɔ̀rɔ̀ ɡé, póndù, kùrùwɔ́ | Ampari, Bunoɡe, various |
143. | sky, rain | ʒóɔ̀ⁿ | jàrí, àʤǎn | Nanga, Najamba |
144. | wind, air | péʋɛ́–rɛ̀ | ɲɛ́ɲɛ́rɛ̃ ́ | Togo–Kan |
145. | smoke | bírɛ́ n jìɛ́ | kúmbè | various |
146. | fire | bíréɛ̀ | ɡénì | Mombo |
147. | firewood | síɛ̀ | tèèŋɡè | various |
148. | ashes | tíɥɛ̀ | dwɛ́ɛ́, dwɛ́ɛ̀ | Mombo, Ampari |
149. | grill, burn | siwɔ | símbíé | various |
150. | road | ʒɛ̀mbíɛ̀ | èʤìmì èʤìmì ɡé | Ampari |
151. | mountain | símèè | céémbè | Tiranige |
152. | red | bʷíɛ́ | bɔ́mbɛ̀ | Bunoge, Penange |
153. | white | símà | sìmà | Bunoge |
154. | black | póɔ́rɛ̄ | jɔ̀rdɛ̀, jɔ̀ɔ̀lɛ̀ | Penange, Bunoge |
155. | night | ʒìɛ́ | jáŋá, dìɡɛ́, bàà dɛ̀nɛ́ | various |
156. | day | nnìé | dèrì̃ ŋ, dènìɡɛ̀ɛ̀ⁿ, in: ɡɛ̀ɛ̀ⁿ nì, ɡɛ̀ɛ̀dɛ̀n | Tiranige area |
157. | year | bííⁿ | àrà–kúsú, àrà–ɡúsú | various |
158. | cold | jímbò | tôm, tòmbò | various |
159. | a lot | péɛ́rɛ́ | séɡín, ɛ̀síⁿ | Yanda Dom, Najamba |
160. | new | káráá | kàlá, kàndá | all |
161. | old | kááw̃á | káámnɔ́, káánú | Mombo, Penange |
162. | good, easy | ɡáẁⁿ | ɡààná | all |
163. | bad | jáŋɡà | jáálá | Mombo |
164. | difficult | kíwù | kìrɛ́ | Togo Kan |
165. | rotten | mɔ̀ɣɔ́ | ɡɔ̀mú | various Jamsay area, Dogul |
166. | dirty, trash | dìŋɡí | lɔ́ɣɔ̀, ɡíɲù | Dom |
167. | straight | téɛ̀ | tèndóò\\tèndéè | Najamba |
168. | round | múŋɡúdúmɛ̀/(kíì) bíŋɡíríɛ̀ | dúndúlé | Mombo |
169. | sharp | (à bǎⁿ màà nó) dérì | ɛ́rî | Nanga |
170. | dull | mótù | dùnú | Toro Tegu, etc. |
171. | smooth | mírò | òlú, órùm | Toro Tegu, etc. |
172. | wet | tɔ́ndú | tèmbóò\\tèmbíéè | Najamba |
173. | dry | kɔ́òⁿ | kúnú kúnó | Yanda Dom |
174. | near | kɛ́rɛ́ | bɛ̀rú | Toro Tegu |
175. | far | ɥúndù | wàɡá, wáɡù | all |
178. | under | ɡúrù | bɔ́rɔ̀ | Togo Kan |
179. | inside | ŋ kóò | [X púrò] kù | Toro Tegu |
180. | if | sɛ́nɛ́ | dè | all |
181. | because | kà jéró | sábù ... | all (borrowed) |
182. | name | (màá) níì | íní | Mombo |
References
[edit]- Heath, Jeffrey. 2013. Bangime and Dogon Comparative Wordlists. m.s.