Appendix:Gahri word list
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The following word list of the Bunan language (Gahri language) is from Widmer (2014: 835-869). The language is also called Gahri, but Widmer (2014) refers to it as Bunan.
List of abbreviations
[edit]| adj. | adjective |
|---|---|
| adv. | adverb |
| cop. | copula |
| dem. | demonstrative |
| intr. | intransitive conjugation |
| mid. | middle conjugation |
| n. | noun |
| pron. | pronoun |
| tr. | transitive conjugation |
| v. | verb |
| (E) | English loanword |
| (IA) | Indo-Aryan loanword |
| (intr.) | intransitive |
| (pl.). | plural stem |
| (refl.) | reflexive |
| (tr.) | transitive |
| (T) | Tibetan loanword |
| ~ | alternates with |
| | is derived from |
List
[edit]| Gahri | Part of speech | English gloss |
|---|---|---|
| kador | n. | bowl, basin |
| kadʑu | n. | tooled capital of a pillar |
| kaj | adj. | difficult |
| kak- | v. tr. | to stop, to block |
| kakatsi | n. | lamb |
| kal- | v. tr. | to load |
| kalak | n. | (1) dough; (2) plaster for re-coating |
| kaldʑor | n. | cup |
| kali | n. | sitting carpet (Indo-Aryan) |
| kaltɕorpa | n. | woman carrying the tɕʰaŋ at the gotsi festival |
| kaltsi | n. | window |
| kamkam | n. | gap (small) |
| kan- | v. tr. | to watch |
| kan- | v. tr. | to show |
| kanɲan | n. | imagination |
| kanɲanmej | adv. | very much, very many, extremely |
| kanʈi | n. | necklace |
| kaŋ | n. | leg |
| kaŋ- | v. tr. | to add |
| kaŋliŋ | n. | ceremonial thigh-bone trumpet |
| kapula | n. | traditional shoes made of grass |
| kaput | n. | hinge |
| kar- | v. tr. | to smash, to hammer, to thrash |
| kar | n. | sheep (male, castrated) |
| kara | n. | donkey |
| kari | n. | crossbeam (big) |
| karipa | n. | ritual dancers at the gotsi festival |
| karma | n. | star |
| kartak | n. | silver plate |
| kartsi | n. | male sheep (castrated, young) |
| kat- | v. intr. | to blow (wind), to turn, to whirl |
| kat- | v. intr. | to call (for a meeting) |
| kat | n. | language, voice, noise |
| katɕa | n. | story (about real events) |
| katɕʰa | n. | underwear |
| katɕaŋ | adj. | near, close |
| katsi | n. | walnut |
| katsi | n. | wooden ladle used to ladle soup |
| kaʈi | n. | (1) jaws; (2) scissors |
| kekir | n. | flat bread |
| keks | n. | gift, present |
| keks | n. | wooden stick |
| kela | n. | banana |
| kelobotbot | n. | fir tree |
| kelt- | v. intr. | to carry on one’s person |
| kem | n. | hon. barley beer, liquor |
| ken | n. | (1) breakfast; (2) type of porridge consisting of tsampa mixed with water |
| ken | n. | birth of animals |
| kendus | n. | forenoon |
| kenkjatsi | n. | little finger |
| kent- | v. intr. | to give birth (of animals) |
| keŋkebotsi | n. | little finger |
| keŋs | n. | shame |
| keska | n. | lie |
| ketdzi | adj. | alone |
| ketpa | n. | waist |
| kewa | n. | rebirth |
| kewa sarasire | n. | early morning |
| ki- | v. tr. | to wash (dishes, floor) |
| kil | n. | center, middle |
| kil- | v. tr. | to dam up water |
| kilbotsi | n. | middle finger |
| kin | n. | ibex |
| kin- | v. tr. | to give birth |
| kin- | v. mid. | to give birth, to be born |
| kirka | n. | (1) iron rings used to cover the opening of the oven; (2) wreath made of willow twigs |
| kirna | adj. | round (of flat things) |
| kirti | n. | basket (worn on back) |
| kit | n. | dirt |
| kitpo | adj. | prosperous |
| kja- | v. intr. | to become, to become ready |
| kjakja | adv. | continuously, repeatedly |
| kjakʰam | n. | food for dogs |
| kjal- | v. tr. | to swear, to take an oath |
| kjalkjal | adj. | lying on the back |
| kjalna | adj. | lying on the back |
| kjaŋ | n. | jackdaw |
| kjaŋka | adv. | continuously |
| kjaŋs- | v. intr. | to deliver a message |
| kjap- | v. tr. | to protect |
| kjapstol | n. | refuge |
| kjar | n. | snow shoe |
| kjar- | v. tr. | to scare |
| kjare | n. | blanket (thick) |
| kjoj | n. | span between thumb and little finger, hand span (traditional length measure) |
| kjok | adj. | winding |
| kjon | n. | fraud, deceit |
| kjoŋbu | n. | small bowl for puja offerings |
| kjor | n. | dance, game |
| kjor- | v. intr. | to dance, to play |
| kjot | n. | hay |
| kjot- | v. intr. | hon. to come |
| kju | n. | dumpling for soup |
| kjuj | adj. | thin, tall |
| kjuks | n. | ashes |
| kjuktsi | adj. | small |
| kjukʈoŋ | n. | chest |
| kjultar | adj. | bold |
| kjum | n. | house |
| kjum- | v. intr. | to ply, to twist (yarn) |
| kjumar | n. | roof top |
| kjumtsi | n. | studio, one-room apartment |
| kjur- | v. tr. | to change, to divert |
| kjus- | v. intr. | to become long (days) |
| kjut | n. | wether (goat) |
| kjutsi | n. | adze |
| kjuttsi | n. | wether (goat, young) |
| kjwar- | v. tr. | to spread one's legs |
| kojotsi | n. | puppy |
| kok | n. | feed |
| kok- | v. tr. | to devour |
| kokma | n. | (1) throat; (2) singing voice |
| koko | n. | feces, excrements |
| kokpa | n. | garlic |
| kol | n. | peel, bark, shell |
| kol- | v. tr. | to distill |
| kolɖoŋ | n. | hole (dug by men) |
| kolom | n. | pebbles (big) |
| koni | n. | shortage |
| kontɕok | n. | god |
| kontsi | n. | back part of foot sole |
| koŋkoŋ | adj. | bent, crooked (of people) |
| kopkop | adj. | lying face down |
| kopna | adj. | sitting face down |
| kor | n. | subject, matter |
| kora | n. | balustrade, railing |
| korlam | n. | circambulation |
| korna | adj. | round (of ball-shaped things) |
| korpaŋ | n. | rhombic piece of wood used to lock doors |
| koroŋkoroŋ | n. | bell |
| kra | n. | hair |
| krak- | v. tr. | to fuck |
| kraks | n. | wedge |
| kraŋ- | v. tr. | to pile up, to heap up |
| kraŋɕiŋ | n. | firewood (small pieces) |
| kraŋi | adj. | hard |
| krekstaŋ | n. | ending (of stories, songs) |
| kret- | v. tr. | to sting, to bite |
| kri- | v. tr. | to dress (with a belt, turban) (tr.) |
| kris- | v. mid. | to dress (with a belt, turban) (refl.) |
| krill- | v. tr. | to twist |
| krim- | v. tr. | to spin a thread with your hands |
| kriŋ | n. | beam (central) |
| krok | n. | soot on surfaces |
| korok- | v. tr. | to dig out, to scrape off |
| kruk- | v. tr. | to shake, to stir, to roar (of stomach) |
| ku- | v. intr. | to steal |
| ku ɕu- | v. tr. | to re-coat the floor by covering it with a mixture of mud and cow manure |
| kuɕu | n. | apple |
| kudzu | n. | Kullu valley |
| kukar | n. | cooker (English) |
| kuks | n. | jackpot in a dice game |
| kukuri | n. | chicken (Indo-Aryan) |
| kulik | n. | key |
| kunɖa | n. | statue, idol |
| kunma | n. | thief |
| kuns | n. | first week of the year |
| kunsla | n. | 2nd month of the traditional calendar |
| kupat | n. | stone pot used to cook soup |
| kupi | n. | bucket (traditionally made of hide, now also used for buckets made of plastic) |
| kur | n. | load |
| kurim | n. | ritual |
| kurkuʈik | n. | ant |
| kurt- | v. intr. | to carry (a load) |
| kutul | n. | bag |
| kwak- | v. tr. | to dip |
| kwaks | n. | gravy, stew |
| kwake | n. | pebbles |
| kwal- | v. tr. | to hang up |
| kwalt- | v. mid. | to stumble over |
| kwaŋkwaŋ | adj. | curly, crooked |
| kwaŋna | adj. | bent (of things) |
| kwartsi | n. | clay pot |
| kwas- | v. intr. | to become full, to become satiated (from eating or drinking) |
| kwat- | v. intr. | to boil (intr.) |
| kwat- | v. intr. | to wash away, to wash off |
| kʰa | pron. | what? |
| kʰadze | n. | rake |
| kʰaj | adj. | black |
| kʰaksgan | n. | husk |
| kʰalak | pron. | for what reason? |
| kʰalma | n. | kidney |
| kʰamdzaŋ | adj. | fine, alright |
| kʰamloks | n. | nausea |
| kʰamoʈi | pron. | something |
| kʰams | n. | appetite |
| kʰanak | pron. | how? |
| kʰanɖoma | n. | fairy |
| kʰantsuk | pron. | what kind of? |
| kʰaŋgul | n. | neck |
| kʰap- | v. tr. | to cover |
| kʰaps | n. | cover |
| kʰar | n. | fort, castle |
| kʰaras | n. | frost, hard snow on which one can walk |
| kʰarɕot | n. | lid |
| kʰarkjaŋ | n. | habit |
| kʰart- | v. intr. | to get stuck, to be trapped |
| kʰartɕaŋ | adv. | continuously |
| kʰaspa | n. | expert |
| kʰat- | v. intr. | to be stuck |
| kʰatak | n. | ceremonial scarf |
| kʰatɕe | n. | Muslim |
| kʰatɕik | pron. | someone |
| kʰaʈakj | adj. | bitter |
| kʰe | adj. | cheap |
| kʰej | adj. | sweet |
| kʰem | n. | balcony |
| kʰemtsi | n. | small balcony |
| kʰep | n. | needle (middle size) |
| kʰet- | v. tr. | to beat, to hit, to shoot |
| kʰi | n. | latrine |
| kʰik- | v. intr. | to stammer |
| kʰikoŋ | n. | bathroom |
| kʰilti | n. | puddle |
| kʰimsa | n. | dirt, dust |
| kʰintses | n. | neighbor |
| kʰipe | n. | small pieces of firewood (smaller than ɕugutsi) |
| kʰir ka- | v. tr. | to turn (tr.) |
| kʰira | n. | cucumber |
| kʰirkjak | n. | excrements of dogs |
| kʰiʈiŋ | n. | penis |
| kʰjak | v. dem. | here |
| kʰjarka | n. | glans |
| kʰjas | n. | itch |
| kʰjo- | v. tr. | to make dry |
| kʰjoj | adj. | dry |
| kʰjokspo | adj. | active |
| kʰjops- | v. intr. | to go numb |
| kʰjot- | v. tr. | to become dry |
| kʰjotsi | n. | spoon |
| kʰju | n. | dog |
| kʰju- | v. tr. | to make a thread by winding up wool on a stick |
| kʰjuk- | v. intr. | to reverberate |
| kʰjuk- | v. mid. | to reverberate |
| kʰjul- | v. tr. | to peel |
| kʰjut | n. | (1) sourdough for lwar before letting it rest; (2) plaster for re-coating |
| kʰjutsi | n. | (1) arm; (2) cubit with stretched hand (traditional length measure) |
| kʰjwa | n. | man |
| kʰobaŋ | n. | hind leg |
| kʰodzup | n. | thigh (of animal) |
| kʰoj | adj. | suitable, worth doing |
| kʰolak | n. | tsampa dish consisting of roasted barley flour and butter tea |
| kʰolɖo | n. | wheel |
| kʰon- | v. tr. | to finish |
| kʰoŋgjaks | adv. | in four days |
| kʰor- | v. tr. | to repay |
| kʰor- | v. intr. | to move in a circle |
| kʰorek | adv. | after, later |
| kʰorlo | n. | wheel |
| kʰot | n. | grandchild |
| kʰokjotɕi ~ kʰotɕi | adv. | behind |
| kʰral | n. | tax |
| kʰrempaŋ | n. | eyelid |
| kʰres | n. | hunger |
| kʰril- | v. tr. | to embrace |
| kʰritɕa | n. | loom |
| kʰrutsi | n. | (1) elbow; (2) cubit with fist (traditional length measure) |
| kʰu | n. | smoke |
| kʰujsla | n. | 10th month of the traditional calendar |
| kʰujt- | v. tr. | to thresh |
| kʰuk- | v. tr. | to find |
| kʰum | n. | pillow |
| kʰum | n. | fulcrum (of a lever) |
| kʰunu | n. | Kinnaur |
| kʰunukat | n. | Kinnauri language |
| kʰunupa | n. | person from Kinnaur |
| kʰur | n. | knife |
| kʰurta | n. | horse (male, castrated) |
| kʰutɕu | n. | semen |
| kʰuʈup | n. | fist |
| kʰwa | n. | broth, juice of food |
| kʰwa- | v. intr. | to pluck (herbs), to cut off |
| kʰwak | n. | crow |
| kʰwame | n. | plant used to make red color |
| kʰwaŋɕiŋ | n. | ox collar |
| kʰwaŋs- | v. intr. | to go out (pl.) |
| kʰwarek | n. | pheasant |
| kʰwartum | n. | egg |
| gaː | n. | term of address for members of a petty chief family |
| gaɕʈa | n. | stairs |
| gakgak | n. | suffocation |
| gal- | v. tr. | to cross |
| galt- | v. intr. | to lie, to lie down |
| galtsʰik | n. | spine |
| galtʰan | n. | girdle (of traditional trousers) |
| gam | n. | chest, box |
| gamgam | n. | gap (big) |
| gamtsa | n. | traditional festival |
| gamtsi | n. | box (small) |
| ganɖa | n. | inflamed wound |
| gaŋ | n. | hill on the side of a mountain |
| gaŋ- | v. intr. | to swell, to rise |
| gaŋdʑuŋ | adj. | thoughtless |
| gaŋgjut | n. | mountain range |
| gaŋri | n. | snow mountain |
| gaŋsniŋ | n. | glacier |
| gaŋstaŋ | n. | glacier |
| gap- | v. tr. | to incubate, to breed, to hold in one's arms |
| garaʈʰal | n. | bundle of crops |
| garmo | n. | crossbreed between dzopo and cow (female) |
| garpo | n. | crossbreed between dzopo and cow (male) |
| gartɕam | n. | cold |
| gatdʑa | n. | uproar, riot |
| gatpa | n. | cliff, steep slope |
| gattok | adv. | downhill |
| gej | num. | eight |
| geliŋ | n. | double reed shawm used in ceremonies |
| geloŋ | n. | monk |
| gen | n. | spring |
| gentɕi | n. | first grass in spring |
| genti | n. | pick-axe |
| gerger | adj. | ponderous, clumsy |
| ges- | v. tr. | to accept, to take (only used if the relevant object is taken with folded hands or in a vessel) |
| get | num. | eight (Tibetan) |
| gewa | n. | funeral gathering |
| gi- | v. mid. | to wash one's hands / face |
| gi | pron. | 1SG |
| gil | n. | fence |
| girmo | n. | crossbreed between garpo and cow (female) |
| girpo | n. | crossbreed between garpo and cow (male) |
| gja | num. | hundred (Tibetan) |
| gjaduŋ | n. | big trumpet used in ceremonies |
| gjak | adv. | urgent |
| gjak | n. | day |
| gjaks- | v. intr. | to agree |
| gjakʰap | n. | needle (small) |
| gjal- | v. | (1) to win; (2) to recover |
| gjalap | n. | rope made of leather |
| gjalsa | n. | Kullu |
| gjamo | n. | queen |
| gjaŋbiʂwatsi | n. | oat |
| gjaŋjaŋ | adj. | long (in size) |
| gjap | n. | back |
| gjapo | n. | king |
| gjar | n. | fear |
| gjar- | v. intr. | to be afraid |
| gjaragire | adj. | circular |
| gjasok | n. | saw |
| gjaspa | adj. | elaborate |
| gjatɕu | num. | eighty (Tibetan) |
| gjatsi | n. | newborn (female) |
| gjatso | n. | sea, ocean |
| gjatʰuk | n. | type of soup |
| gjok(s)pa | adj. | fast |
| gjotpa | n. | regret |
| gjuks | n. | income, gain |
| gjult- | v. mid. | to come off in large pieces (e.g. skin), to fall out in bunches (e.g. hair) |
| gjum | n. | nose |
| gjuma | n. | (1) guts, intestines; (2) sausage made from intestines |
| gjumpʰuk | n. | nose, nostril |
| gjundok | adv. | always |
| gjuŋ- | v. intr. | to cloud over |
| gjur- | v. tr. | to translate |
| gjurt- | v. intr. | to change |
| gjut- | v. | to need |
| gjuts | n. | need |
| go- | v. mid. | to have a party |
| go kuk- | v. tr. | to adopt |
| goɕen | n. | silk |
| goks | n. | cough |
| gokʰaps | n. | shelter for the stairs on the roof |
| golokmolok | n. | riot, affray |
| goltɕʰak | n. | chain used to close a door |
| gom- | v. tr. | to meditate, to think of |
| gomak | num. | first |
| gomner | n. | peon of a monastery |
| gomtɕen | n. | hermit |
| goŋ | n. | cost |
| goŋa | n. | collar |
| goŋgoŋ | adj. | heap-like |
| goŋma | adj. | upper, higher |
| goŋpo | n. | envious man |
| goŋtɕen | adj. | expensive |
| gopa | n. | leader |
| gormo | n. | cup (flat and wide) |
| gorok | n. | seat at the head of the sitting row |
| gort- | v. intr. | to be late |
| got | n. | waste, loss |
| gotma | n. | mare |
| gotsi | n. | traditional festival celebrated when the hair of one’s son is cut for the first time |
| gra | n. | salary |
| gral | n. | sitting row |
| grampa | n. | cheek |
| graŋ | n. | stone (generic) |
| greks | n. | ceremonial song |
| grelt- | v. intr. | to run |
| grik- | v. tr. | to put together, to connect |
| griks | n. | joint |
| grokpo | n. | river |
| grokt- | v. tr. | to crumble off, to scale off |
| groŋbu | n. | weaver's shuttle |
| grot- | v. intr. | to be finished, to be used up, to come to an end |
| grwa | n. | lungs |
| gu | num. | nine |
| gu | num. | nine (Tibetan) |
| guj | pron. | where? |
| gumtsi | n. | (1) bow; (2) traditional measure of length |
| gun | n. | winter |
| gundiksla | n. | 12th month of the traditional calendar |
| gunɖum | n. | raisins |
| gunsa | n. | room used in wintertime |
| guptɕu | num. | ninety (Tibetan) |
| guram | n. | sweets |
| gutsuk | pron. | which? |
| gwa- | cop. | existential copula (pl.) |
| gwak- | v. mid. | to embrace |
| gwaktsi | n. | kind of pot |
| gwalba | adj. | blind |
| gwanu | n. | fox |
| gwaŋ- | v. intr. | to take place, to happen |
| gwaŋ | n. | snow cock |
| gwar- | v. tr. | to dig out with a pick-axe |
| ŋa | n. | double-sided ceremonial drum |
| ŋa | num. | five (Tibetan) |
| ŋaj | num. | five |
| ŋaj | adv. | early |
| ŋal | n. | plough |
| ŋaltsi | n. | pick-axe-like instrument to dig a field |
| ŋama | n. | tail |
| ŋamɕen | adj. | excellent, paramount |
| ŋams | n. | yawn |
| ŋams- | v. intr. | to yawn |
| ŋargjal | adj. | proud |
| ŋaro | n. | morning |
| ŋarodʑuŋ | n. | early in the morning |
| ŋas | n. | udder |
| ŋattɕan | adj. | strong |
| ŋokma | n. | mane (of horses) |
| ŋonɕe | n. | foresight, ability to foresee things |
| tɕa | n. | cow dung |
| tɕa- | v. tr. | to paint, to rub in (face) (tr.) |
| tɕa- | v. mid. | to rub in (face) (refl.) |
| tɕaɕi | adv. | regularly |
| tɕaːdar | n. | sheet |
| tɕaga | n. | preparation, care |
| tɕak- | v. tr. | to wash (clothes) |
| tɕakar | n. | plate used to roll out dough |
| tɕakdar | n. | ladle (made of iron) |
| tɕakdzwa | n. | bucket (made of iron) |
| tɕakna | adv. | daily, every day |
| tɕaks | n. | iron |
| tɕaks | n. | knitting needle |
| tɕakstap | n. | (1) oven; (2) dwelling-room |
| tɕakstrak | n. | chain made of iron |
| tɕaku | n. | knife |
| tɕakwal | n. | shovel made of iron |
| tɕalak | n. | stuff, things |
| tɕamna | adj. | whole, full |
| tɕamtɕam | n. | aluminum |
| tɕan | n. | snow leopard |
| tɕanɖa | n. | |
| tɕaŋma | n. | willow |
| tɕaŋti | n. | drop from the ceiling |
| tɕap- | v. tr. | to combine, to put together |
| tɕapanɖa | n. | ladder |
| tɕapna | adj. | thin (of flat things) |
| tɕaptɕap | adj. | thin (of flat things) |
| tɕaptsi | n. | spy |
| tɕare | n. | bedbug |
| tɕarik | n. | supporting wall of terraced fields |
| tɕasga | n. | ginger |
| tɕat- | v. tr. | to tear |
| tɕataram | n. | sickle |
| tɕataramla | n. | new moon |
| tɕeldrik | n. | weasel |
| tɕeli | n. | cow urine |
| tɕeli | adj. | yellow |
| tɕentsi | n. | claw (of cows) |
| tɕeŋna | adj. | standing upright |
| tɕeŋtɕeŋ | adj. | standing upright |
| tɕespa | n. | dear one, beloved one |
| tɕet- | v. tr. | to pull, to eat (of cows) |
| tɕi | n. | grass |
| tɕik | num. | one (Tibetan) |
| tɕil | n. | marrow |
| tɕini | n. | sugar (Indo-Aryan) |
| tɕinol | n. | beam used in wall construction |
| tɕinpa | n. | liver |
| tɕip- | v. tr. | to suck |
| tɕir- | v. tr. | to sharpen |
| tɕirtɕir | n. | murmur |
| tɕispen | n. | heap of grass |
| tɕitwasla | n. | 9th month of the traditional calendar |
| tɕo | n. | petty chief |
| tɕo- | v. tr. | to light, to kindle |
| tɕos- | v. mid. | to burn (intr.) |
| tɕok- | v. tr. | to cover (persons, animals) |
| tɕoks | n. | headscarf |
| tɕoktsi | n. | sprout (of crops) |
| tɕol- | v. tr. | to propose |
| tɕoltɕum | n. | dowry for the bride |
| tɕom- | v. tr. | to rob |
| tɕomo | n. | nun |
| tɕoŋa | num. | fifteen (Tibetan) |
| tɕoŋɖo | n. | buttocks |
| tɕopgjat | num. | eighteen (Tibetan) |
| tɕot- | v. tr. | to beg |
| tɕotɕo | n. | brother (2nd oldest) |
| tɕotpa | n. | mood, character |
| tɕotsi | n. | beggar |
| tɕu- | v. tr. | to squeeze, to wind out |
| tɕu | num. | ten (Tibetan) |
| tɕuɖuk | num. | sixteen (Tibetan) |
| tɕuj | num. | ten |
| tɕuktɕik | num. | eleven (Tibetan) |
| tɕuli | n. | apricot |
| tɕuli ŋalmo | n. | apricot (dried) |
| tɕuni | num. | twelve (Tibetan) |
| tɕunis | num. | twelve |
| tɕuŋi | quant. | little, less |
| tɕupdun | num. | seventeen (Tibetan) |
| tɕupdʑi | num. | fourteen (Tibetan) |
| tɕupgjat | num. | eighteen |
| tɕupi | num. | fourteen |
| tɕur- | v. tr. | to interrogate, to inquire, to ask repeatedly |
| tɕurgu | num. | nineteen (Tibetan) |
| tɕurgu | num. | nineteen |
| tɕurnis | num. | seventeen |
| tɕusdruk | num. | sixteen |
| tɕusum | num. | thirteen |
| tɕusum | num. | thirteen (Tibetan) |
| tɕutik | num. | eleven |
| tɕuttɕan | adj. | filling (of food) |
| tɕwaŋ | num. | fifteen |
| tɕwaŋ | n. | full moon |
| tɕʰa | n. | heat of a fire |
| tɕʰaː | n. | knowledge |
| tɕʰak | n. | fodder (especially prepared for animals) |
| tɕʰak- | v. intr. | to stop (intr.) |
| tɕʰaks- | v. intr. | to grow, to bear fruit, to become pregnant |
| tɕʰaks- | v. mid. | to grow, to bear fruit, to become pregnant |
| tɕʰaktsi | n. | earring for men (small) |
| tɕʰakwaŋ | n. | hon. hand gesture of blessing |
| tɕʰam | n. | devil dance |
| tɕʰam- | v. intr. | to dance a mask dance |
| tɕʰapsken | n. | kettle for tɕʰaŋ |
| tɕʰat- | v. intr. | to be exhausted |
| tɕʰats | n. | exhaustion |
| tɕʰatɕʰat | adj. | poor, torn |
| tɕʰatkja | n. | promise |
| tɕʰatɲa | adj. | wretched |
| tɕʰatpa | n. | punishment |
| tɕʰe- | v. tr. | to warm up (tr.) |
| tɕʰes- | v. mid. | to warm up |
| tɕʰejtuŋna | adj. | lukewarm (of food) |
| tɕʰejtuŋtuŋ | adj. | lukewarm (of food) |
| tɕʰej | adj. | warm, hot |
| tɕʰerpa | n. | spleen |
| tɕʰeʈi | n. | water (warm) |
| tɕʰewa | n. | mauler |
| tɕʰiga | n. | saddle |
| tɕʰigel | adv. | abroad |
| tɕʰil- | v. tr. | to choose |
| tɕʰo- | v. tr. | to dye (wool etc.) |
| tɕʰoj | adj. | healthy |
| tɕʰojboj | adj. | healthy |
| tɕʰok | adj. | enough |
| tɕʰok- | v. intr. | to be allowed to do something |
| tɕʰoks | n. | kind of religious ceremony |
| tɕʰoks | n. | direction |
| tɕʰol- | v. tr. | to pestle crops, to beat up and down |
| tɕʰolgjaŋ | n. | pestle |
| tɕʰolo | n. | dice |
| tɕʰoms- | v. intr. | to be ornamented, to be prepared in a nice way |
| tɕʰoŋs- | v. intr. | to jump |
| tɕʰoŋs- | v. mid. | to jump |
| tɕʰorten | n. | stupa |
| tɕʰos | n. | religion |
| tɕʰos- | v. intr. | to become healthy, to become strong |
| tɕʰot- | v. tr. | to offer (to gods) |
| tɕʰot | n. | spraying of food and drinks into the air as an offering before eating and drinking |
| tɕʰot- | v. intr. | hon. to eat, to drink |
| tɕʰotkjaŋ | n. | altar |
| tɕʰotme | n. | butter lamp |
| tɕʰotpa | n. | offering of dough |
| tɕʰoʈa | n. | knots of carpets and shawls |
| tɕʰu | n. | water |
| tɕʰu- | v. tr. | to fetch, to collect |
| tɕʰu- | v. mid. | to fetch, to collect |
| tɕʰuba | n. | traditional dress of men |
| tɕʰuk- | v. intr. | to land |
| tɕʰulgjaŋ | n. | mole |
| tɕʰumik | n. | fountain |
| tɕʰumpʰjar | n. | waterfall |
| tɕʰupɕot | n. | stones on a rosary |
| tɕʰuput | n. | consecrated water |
| tɕʰun- | v. tr. | to bind around, to tie, to knot |
| tɕʰuns | n. | binding wire, twig of young trees used to bind together heaps of firewood |
| tɕʰur- | v. tr. | to milk |
| tɕʰurlaps | n. | wave |
| tɕʰurpe | n. | dry cheese |
| tɕʰuskol | n. | water (boiled) |
| tɕʰuta | n. | riverbank |
| tɕʰuto | n. | beak |
| tɕʰutsi | n. | plaited stand of hair |
| tɕʰutsʰot | n. | watch |
| tɕʰwa | n. | funeral ceremony |
| dʑa | n. | tea |
| dʑabra | n. | foot (of cups) |
| dʑak | n. | fat (liquid) |
| dʑak | n. | urine |
| dʑakkju | n. | chain |
| dʑakpa | n. | lasso, noose |
| dʑal- | v. intr. | hon. to visit |
| dʑalta | n. | command, order |
| dʑalu | n. | kind of pot |
| dʑam | n. | hon. soup |
| dʑami | adj. | smooth |
| dʑaŋ- | v. tr. | hon. to build, to erect |
| dʑaŋ | n. | north |
| dʑaŋ- | v. intr. | to get used to something |
| dʑar | n. | mortar bowl |
| dʑar- | v. tr. | to eat up, to clean |
| dʑars- | v. mid. | to shave |
| dʑarduŋ | n. | mortar |
| dʑatdʑat | adj. | oval |
| dʑatsak | n. | tea sieve |
| dʑatʰaŋ | n. | black tea |
| dʑaw | n. | lame person |
| dʑawaj | adj. | lame |
| dʑekdaŋ | n. | hatred |
| dʑelsa | n. | festival |
| dʑert- | v. intr. | to rise |
| dʑi | num. | four (Tibetan) |
| dʑikt- | v. mid. | to collapse (of walls) |
| dʑili | n. | light |
| dʑili | adj. | bright |
| dʑipdʑip | adj. | blurred |
| dʑiptɕu | num. | forty (Tibetan) |
| dʑoks | n. | shape, manner |
| dʑokstɕan | adj. | skillful |
| dʑoli | n. | bag (worn on back) |
| dʑom- | v. tr. | hon. to cremate |
| dʑonta | n. | horse (for riding) |
| dʑordʑor | adj. | jutting (of ears) |
| dʑot- | v. intr. | to sit, to sit down, to stay, to remain, to live |
| dʑu- | v. tr. | to digest |
| dʑu | n. | lips |
| dʑu- | v. tr. | hon. to request |
| dʑu | n. | greeting gesture (with one hand held against the forehead) |
| dʑuks- | v. intr. | hon. to sit |
| dʑuŋ | n. | middle |
| dʑuŋ | adv. | straight ahead |
| dʑur- | v. tr. | to debranch |
| dʑut- | v. intr. | to be weak |
| dʑwalt- | v. mid. | to break off and hang down |
| ɲa | n. | fish |
| ɲa | n. | nose ring (for animals) |
| ɲa- | v. tr. | to borrow |
| ɲa | n. | gift given to the bride |
| ɲaɕa | n. | meat (dried) |
| ɲakspu | n. | pubic hair |
| ɲamlen | n. | experience |
| ɲampo | adv. | together |
| ɲartsi | n. | pea |
| ɲoŋ- | v. tr. | to experience, to suffer |
| ɲos- | v. intr. | to clear up (sky) |
| ɲugu | n. | pen, reed-pen |
| ɲuktsi | n. | monkey |
| ɲuŋ- | v. tr. | to swallow |
| ɲuŋskar | n. | mustard |
| ɲurtsi | n. | herbal plant with strong smell |
| ʈabar | n. | family |
| ʈaɕitʰaliŋ | n. | prayer flag |
| ʈakpo | adj. | strong, powerful |
| ʈakʈak | adj. | dried up (of bread), hard, arrogant |
| ʈaŋska | n. | number |
| ʈawna | adj. | deaf |
| ʈawo | adj. | similar |
| ʈel | n. | care |
| ʈivi | n. | TV (English) |
| ʈokʈoktsi | n. | elbow |
| ʈol- | v. tr. | to explain |
| ʈoŋs- | v. hon. | to die |
| ʈoŋʈoŋbujaŋ | n. | bumble bee |
| ʈopi | n. | hat (Indo-Aryan) |
| ʈops | n. | ear piercing |
| ʈulku | n. | reincarnation |
| ʈumtsi | n. | bud |
| ʈʰakluŋ | n. | anger |
| ʈʰampa | adj. | hard-working |
| ʈʰaw | n. | teapot |
| ʈʰi | n. | hon. seat of high lamas |
| ʈʰikna | adj. | sure |
| ʈʰikspa | n. | gall bladder |
| ʈʰikʂin | n. | migraine |
| ʈʰimkʰaŋ | n. | court |
| ʈʰimpon | n. | judgement |
| ʈʰims | n. | judgement |
| ʈʰolu | n. | hammer (small) |
| ʈʰopa | adj. | similar |
| ʈʰot- | v. intr. | (1) to fit well, to suit; (2) to be delivered |
| ʈʰul | n. | demon, specter |
| ʈʰultan | n. | sitting pillow, sitting mattress |
| ʈʰums | n. | grief |
| ʈʰuŋs- | v. hon. | to be born |
| ʈʰup- | v. tr. | to be able, to accomplish |
| ʈʰutɕu | n. | fodder (food rests for animals) |
| ɖa | n. | enemy |
| ɖa | n. | sound, word |
| ɖampak | n. | mud |
| ɖampakbu | n. | earth worm |
| ɖanɖa | adv. | equally |
| ɖaŋɖaŋ | adj. | full, satiated |
| ɖapna | adj. | big (flat things) |
| ɖatpa | n. | brain |
| ɖawa | n. | money |
| ɖemɖem | adj. | pondering |
| ɖik- | v. intr. | to be suitable, to be appropriate |
| ɖiks | n. | agreement |
| ɖik | adj. | okay, suitable |
| ɖilu | n. | bell used in ceremonies |
| ɖiŋ | adj. | middle, medium (in size) |
| ɖipʰuk | n. | cave for meditation |
| ɖiu | n. | mule |
| ɖiwa | n. | lamp |
| ɖoksa | n. | pasture land |
| ɖomba | n. | (1) blacksmith, goldsmith; (2) Lohar (ethno-linguistic community of Indo-Aryan origin) |
| ɖon | n. | non-religious festival |
| ɖonpo | n. | guest, customer |
| ɖoŋɖoŋ | adj. | deep |
| ɖos- | v. mid. | to discuss |
| ɖotɕa | n. | type of deep-fried pastry |
| ɖu | n. | edge, corner |
| ɖubak | n. | gun |
| ɖuɕiŋ | n. | match |
| ɖuk | num. | six (Tibetan) |
| ɖukan | n. | corner (of walls) |
| ɖukbotsi | n. | sixth finger |
| ɖuktɕu | num. | sixty (Tibetan) |
| ɖunɖo | n. | domestic animal |
| ɖup- | v. tr. | to finish, to complete |
| ɖwa | n. | taste |
| ta- | cop. | possessive copula |
| ta | n. | vein |
| tabap | n. | platform to dismount from a horse |
| tago | n. | door of a courtyard |
| tak- | v. tr. | to stick, to stab, to pierce, to support |
| taks | n. | pillar |
| tak | n. | tiger |
| tak | n. | omen |
| tak- ~ taks- | v. intr. | to smell (intr.) |
| taks | n. | smell |
| taka | adj. | sure |
| takar | n. | axe |
| takj | adj. | medium (of saltiness / spiciness) |
| taks | n. | gift, present |
| taktsi | n. | bundle, bunch |
| tal | pron. | 3SG |
| taltɕak | n. | whip |
| tamak | n. | cigarette |
| tambu | n. | tent |
| tamŋan | n. | bad talking |
| tampa | n. | board for cutting food |
| tampo | adj. | reliable, firm |
| tams- | v. intr. | hon. to be born |
| tan- | v. tr. | to wake up (tr.) |
| tanpo | adv. | carefully |
| tant- | v. intr. | to see |
| tantan | adv. | definitely, surely |
| taŋgata | n. | offensive behavior |
| taŋkar | n. | threshold |
| tap- | v. tr. | to fold, to bend, to bring back |
| tapɕatapɕa | adv. | again and again |
| tapna | adj. | same, similar |
| taps | n. | slope |
| tar- | v. intr. | to do, to be industrious |
| tara | n. | fence (for animals) |
| tarakna | adj. | proper |
| tarbaŋs | n. | excrements of horses and donkeys |
| tarkʰa | n. | manner, way |
| tart- | v. intr. | (1) to be free; (2) to behave wild |
| tasta | n. | spatula used to turn kekir and lwar |
| tat- | v. tr. | to prepare, to put, to distribute |
| tatmo | n. | festival |
| tatna | adj. | small, low |
| tattat | adj. | small, low |
| teama | n. | aunt (mother's oldest sister) |
| teawa | n. | uncle (father's oldest brother) |
| tebu | n. | snake |
| tedzi | adj. | big, honest |
| tek | n. | untanned hide of a cow |
| tela | n. | oil |
| temɖel | n. | favorable circumstances, auspicious occasion |
| temna | adj. | still, motionless |
| tempa | n. | trap |
| temrel | n. | blessing |
| temtem | adj. | brimful |
| ten- | v. tr. | to worship, venerate |
| tentsi | n. | cushion |
| tepaŋbotsi | n. | thumb |
| tepna | adj. | wretched |
| teptep | adj. | plain, flat |
| tet- ~ tets- | v. intr. | to think |
| tets | n. | thought, thinking |
| tete | n. | grandfather |
| tibril | n. | teapot |
| tik- | v. tr. | to close (tr.) |
| tiks- | v. tr. | to close (intr.) |
| tiks | n. | lid |
| tika | n. | bindī, dot of red color worn between the eyebrows (Indo-Aryan) |
| tiki | num. | one |
| tikna | quant. | little, few (of liquid objects) |
| tikpa | n. | testicles |
| tikpa pʰon- | v. tr. | to castrate |
| tinan | n. | Tinan Valley |
| tinankat | n. | Tinan language |
| tinanpa | n. | person from Tinan Valley |
| tiŋi | adj. | blue/green |
| tiŋpipili | n. | green chili |
| tip- | v. tr. | to beat |
| tiptsi | n. | tip, top, peak |
| tiskar | n. | thirst |
| tispu | n. | mill |
| tit- | v. intr. | to irrigate |
| tjal kʰet- | v. tr. | to swim |
| tjo- | v. intr. | to weep |
| to- | v. tr. | to dress (with a cap) (tr.) |
| to- | v. mid. | to dress (with a cap) (refl.) |
| to- | v. tr. | to lead |
| to- | v. tr. | to beat a drum |
| toba | n. | haste, hurry |
| tok- | v. tr. | to recognize |
| tok- | v. tr. | to take off (clothes) (tr.) |
| tok- | v. mid. | to take off (clothes) (refl.) |
| tok- | v. tr. | to pluck |
| toka | adv. | only |
| tokna | adj. | correct, right |
| tokom | n. | saddlecloth, colorful sitting carpet |
| toks- | v. intr. | to be called |
| tol- | v. tr. | to pierce |
| tolmo | n. | crossbreed between bull and yak (female) |
| tolpo | n. | crossbreed between bull and yak (male) |
| ton- | v. tr. | to lift up |
| tondʑuksla | n. | 11th month of the traditional calendar |
| tonpa | n. | teacher |
| tontʰok | n. | crops, harvest |
| toŋ | num. | thousand (Tibetan) |
| toŋpa | adj. | empty |
| torma | n. | idol of evil spirits |
| tot | n. | Tod valley |
| tot- | v. intr. | to be affected by |
| totpa | n. | person from Tod Valley |
| totsi | n. | turban |
| tottok | adv. | up the valley |
| tra- | v. mid. | to sunbathe |
| trak- | v. tr. | to scratch |
| tral- | v. tr. | to tear (tr.) |
| trap | n. | bridle (to ride) |
| tre | n. | fermenting agent |
| trinmo | n. | demon, specter (female) |
| trinpo | n. | demon, specter (male) |
| trok | n. | life |
| troks- | v. intr. | to become frightened |
| trons | n. | jewelry for the ear |
| tru- | v. tr. | to light, to kindle (electric light and fire) |
| tru- | v. mid. | to burn (intr.) (of electric light and fire) |
| truj | num. | six |
| truk- | v. tr. | to knead |
| trukna | adj. | together |
| truks | n. | sweat |
| trwa | n. | purse worn around your neck |
| trwan- | v. tr. | to hang (tr.), to hang up |
| tu- | v. | to light, to kindle (wood, candles) |
| tus- | v. mid. | to burn (of wood, candles) |
| tuk- | v. tr. | to sew |
| tuk | n. | parasitic worm living on sheep |
| tukak | n. | red stone |
| tukt- | v. mid. | to drip (from a full vessel) |
| tul | n. | dust |
| tul- | v. tr. | to tame, to teach manners |
| tum- | v. tr. | to sweep |
| tum- | v. tr. | to assemble |
| tumtsi | n. | berry |
| tun- | v. tr. | to inhale |
| tunik | adj. | short |
| tuŋ- | v. intr. | to drink |
| tuŋi | adj. | thick (flat things) |
| tup- | v. tr. | to cut |
| turt- | v. intr. | to shake, to tremble |
| twa- | v. intr. | to mow |
| twas | n. | harvest |
| twan- | v. tr. | to borrow, to lend |
| twaski sla | n. | month of harvest |
| tʰadzu | v. dem. | that |
| tʰadzuŋ | v. dem. | there |
| tʰaj | v. dem. | up there |
| tʰak- | v. tr. | to break (tr.) |
| tʰakɕa | n. | weaving comb |
| tʰakɕa kʰet- | v. tr. | to batten (loom) |
| tʰakpa | n. | rope |
| tʰaks- | v. intr. | to get ready |
| tʰaks | adj. | ready |
| tʰakʰap | n. | needle (big) |
| tʰalt- | v. mid. | to pass, to elapse |
| tʰamatʰome | adj. | careless |
| tʰami | v. dem. | down there |
| tʰan | adv. | today |
| tʰansuŋ | adv. | this year |
| tʰaŋ | adj. | plain |
| tʰaŋ | n. | (1) plain; (2) grazing grounds |
| tʰaŋ- | v. tr. | to see |
| tʰap | n. | fire-place, hearth |
| tʰapa | n. | Indian, person of Indo-Aryan origin |
| tʰaptsaŋ | n. | kitchen |
| tʰar- | v. tr. | to forge, to beat metal |
| tʰara | v. dem. | that other |
| tʰaraŋ | v. dem. | in that other place |
| tʰaskat | n. | Hindi language |
| tʰat- | v. intr. | to be happy |
| tʰat- | v. tr. | to drop, to take down, to fell (trees) |
| tʰats | n. | pleasure |
| tʰatɕa | n. | shepherd's camp in the high mountains (Indo-Aryan) |
| tʰatɕak | n. | seam |
| tʰatiŋ | n. | surrounding area |
| tʰe | v. dem. | this |
| tʰek- | v. tr. | to be able to carry, to be able to endure |
| tʰe=lek | v. dem. | as much as this |
| tʰempa | n. | stairs (made of stone) |
| tʰentsuk | v. dem. | this kind of, such |
| tʰep- | v. tr. | (1) to catch; (2) to check a herd of cattle for missing animals |
| tʰetsoms | n. | doubt |
| tʰi- | v. mid. | to melt, to dissolve |
| tʰiː | adj. | (1) liquid; (2) wet |
| tʰikma | n. | tie-dye |
| tʰiktsi | n. | crossbeam (small) |
| tʰil | n. | bottom, ground |
| tʰin- | v. tr. | to take, to accept |
| tʰip- | v. mid. | to fight, to quarrel |
| tʰipna | adj. | dedicated, devoted |
| tʰir- | v. tr. | to send (a person) |
| tʰjot- | v. intr. | to weep (pl.) |
| tʰohit | n. | notebook |
| tʰoj | adj. | high |
| tʰok | n. | ceiling |
| tʰok- | v. intr. | to leak, to drip |
| tʰok- | v. tr. | to announce |
| tʰoktset | n. | story (of a building) |
| tʰombu | n. | ladle (big & cylindric) |
| tʰon- | v. tr. | to finish, to complete |
| tʰoŋ | n. | room |
| tʰoŋ | adv. | inside |
| tʰopna | adj. | without giving thought |
| tʰopo | n. | cup |
| tʰoptʰop | adj. | mentally retarded |
| tʰor- | v. tr. | to pour into (big vessels) |
| tʰos- | v. intr. | to be high |
| tʰotpa | n. | skull |
| tʰruŋ- | v. tr. | to nourish |
| tʰu | n. | spittle |
| tʰuk- | v. tr. | to crash into, to bounce against |
| tʰukdʑe | n. | help, favor |
| tʰukpa | n. | noodle soup |
| tʰuktak | n. | hon. prophecy |
| tʰum- | v. tr. | to wrap |
| tʰums | n. | wrapping |
| tʰun | n. | meditation |
| tʰunt- | v. intr. | to agree, to become friends |
| tʰurgop | n. | headstall |
| tʰurtsʰes | n. | waning phase of the moon |
| tʰuru | n. | foal |
| tʰwa- | v. tr. | to beg |
| tʰwa | n. | hammer (big) |
| da- | v. tr. | to give |
| da | adv. | now |
| dagam | n. | arm's length (traditional length measure) |
| daka | n. | long and cylindric double-sided drum |
| dakpo | n. | husband |
| daksam | adv. | now |
| dakt- | v. mid. | to break (intr.) |
| dal | n. | slowness |
| daltok | adv. | slow, late |
| dam- | v. tr. | to choose |
| dampo | adj. | tight |
| dan | n. | belly, stomach |
| dana | n. | Manali |
| dangjaks | adv. | in six days |
| daŋ | n. | meadow |
| daŋra | n. | cow shed |
| daŋta | adv. | still |
| daps | n. | side |
| dar | n. | mountain ridge |
| darpotɕʰe | n. | big prayer flags |
| dart- | v. intr. | to emerge, to develop |
| dartɕok | n. | prayer flag on house roofs |
| dartsa | n. | pan |
| daru | n. | ladle (wooden) |
| daːstok | adv. | meanwhile |
| dat- | v. intr. | to fall down |
| datɕi | n. | pruning knife |
| datle | adv. | right now, just now |
| datpa | n. | belief, trust |
| dawa | n. | Monday |
| dej | adj. | beautiful, pleasant |
| demtsi | n. | bridge (small) |
| densa | n. | pity |
| deŋ- ~ deŋs- | v. intr. | to believe |
| deŋs | n. | belief |
| deŋme | n. | belief |
| depna | adj. | flat, plain (of land) |
| det- | v. intr. | to lead |
| dik | n. | vase-shaped pot |
| dikpa | n. | sin |
| dikparatsa | n. | scorpion |
| diksak | n. | sister-in-law |
| dilak | adv. | on the right side of a valley (when looking downstream) |
| diŋski | adv. | always |
| dip- | v. tr. | to tear down (roof) |
| dipt- | v. mid. | to collapse (of roofs) (intr.) |
| dir | n. | bolt, bar |
| dirt- | v. intr. | to thunder |
| djara | n. | season, period |
| djwak | adv. | two days ago |
| dok | n. | color |
| dok waŋs- | v. intr. | to become successful, to become healthy |
| dokmet | adj. | weak |
| doktsi | n. | handle (of agricultural instruments) |
| dolam | n. | pair of kettle drums |
| dole | n. | oval metal bowl |
| dolt- | v. intr. | to be torn, to be pierced |
| dolt- | v. mid. | to be torn, to be pierced |
| dom | n. | bear |
| dom- | v. mid. | to be busy |
| don- | v. intr. | hon. to eat |
| dontʰak | n. | skills of managing |
| doŋbo | n. | log |
| doŋmo | n. | churn |
| dopna | adj. | plain, pure, uncooked |
| dorok | adj. | free, for free |
| dot- | v. intr. | to meet, to touch |
| dralt- | v. mid. | to be torn |
| dran- | v. tr. | to miss |
| dras- | v. tr. | to chase away |
| dril- | v. tr. | to roll out |
| drilu | n. | bell (used for rituals) |
| du | n. | cloud, fog |
| du- | v. tr. | to collect, to gather |
| dubaŋ | n. | front leg (of animals) |
| duk | n. | poison |
| duk- | v. tr. | to touch, to put together |
| dukpo | n. | traditional dress of women |
| dumbu | n. | small pieces |
| dun | num. | seven (Tibetan) |
| duntɕu | num. | seventy (Tibetan) |
| duntsar | n. | small bowl used for ceremonies |
| dunʈʰak | n. | week |
| duɲam | adv. | simultaneously |
| duŋ | n. | pestle |
| duŋ | n. | conch shell |
| duŋal | n. | mourning |
| duŋrutsi | n. | vitiligo |
| dupa | n. | ancestor |
| dupdup | adj. | blunt, edgeless |
| dupna | adj. | blunt, edgeless |
| dur- | v. mid. | to compete, to take on |
| durek | adv. | earlier, before |
| durna | adj. | running (of nose) |
| dutɕi ~ dutɕumaŋ | adv. | in front of, before |
| dutpa | n. | knot |
| dwaŋ | adv. | two years ago |
| na | n. | oath |
| nak | n. | pus |
| naka | n. | kind, sort |
| nakɕa | n. | picture |
| nakj | adj. | flexible |
| naksa | n. | ink |
| nalma | n. | yarn |
| nam | n. | sky |
| nam | n. | daughter-in-law |
| namdo | n. | meteorite |
| namdʑuk | n. | future, time to come |
| namgaŋ | n. | new moon |
| namlaŋs | n. | ritual performed in the early morning on a wedding day by the ɖomba (Lohar) |
| nams- | v. intr. | to burn off |
| namtɕamtɕim | n. | dusk, twilight |
| nan- | v. tr. | to press |
| nan- | v. tr. | to bury stocks of food |
| nan- | v. tr. | to control, to seize control of |
| naŋ | n. | inside |
| naŋdʑin | adj. | like, similar |
| naŋrek | adv. | into, inside |
| naŋs | n. | thought, notice |
| naŋsmettok | adv. | suddenly |
| naŋtɕi | adv. | inside |
| naŋtsi | n. | bracelet |
| napti | n. | mucus |
| nas- | v. intr. | to be sick |
| naspati | n. | pear (Indo-Aryan) |
| natɕoŋma | n. | young woman |
| natpa | n. | sick person, patient |
| ne- | v. tr. | to rub in, to tan |
| nego | n. | pilgrimage in holy years |
| nej | adj. | thick (of liquids) |
| nek | adv. | last year |
| nekor | n. | pilgrimage |
| neme | adj. | tasty |
| nen | n. | relative |
| neneɲuŋne | n. | Buddhist fasting festival |
| nerpa | n. | manager of a monastery |
| ni | num. | two (Tibetan) |
| niɕu | num. | twenty (Tibetan) |
| nidza | num. | twenty |
| nidʑi | num. | seven |
| nil | n. | gums |
| nimapʰet | n. | noon |
| nimbu | n. | lemon (Indo-Aryan) |
| nin | n. | daytime |
| ninmun | adv. | day and night |
| niŋ- | v. tr. | to rub oil into hair (tr.) |
| niŋ- | v. tr. | to rub oil into hair (refl.) |
| niŋdʑes | n. | compassion, pity |
| niŋrus | n. | effort, industry |
| niŋs | n. | wish |
| nira | n. | afternoon |
| nirma | n. | wrinkle |
| nisdap | adj. | double |
| niskiŋ | num. | two |
| nispi | num. | two (for human beings) |
| nit- | v. mid. | to wither |
| nitsi | n. | sun |
| noj | quant. | (too) much, (too) many |
| nomo | n. | sister (younger) |
| noŋs- | v. intr. | to be spoilt, to be destroyed |
| nor | n. | jewelry |
| norbu | n. | jewel |
| nort- | v. intr. | to be confounded |
| noskjal | n. | harm |
| nospok | n. | truth |
| not- | v. intr. | to be harmful |
| notpa | n. | harm |
| nubiŋ | adv. | in two years |
| nuj | adj. | new |
| nu=lek | v. dem. | as much as that |
| num | n. | oil |
| num | adj. | greasy, oily |
| num- | v. tr. | to smell |
| numaŋ | n. | jade |
| nuntsuk | v. dem. | that kind of, such |
| nuŋ | v. dem. | there |
| nup | n. | west |
| nupar | n. | cream, milk skin |
| nusgjak | v. dem. | on that day |
| nwaːstok | adv. | at that time |
| pak- | v. tr. | to measure |
| pak- | v. tr. | to put cow dung on a wall |
| pakbu | n. | caterpillar |
| paksgormo | n. | big cup (used in ceremonies) |
| paldʑarak | n. | stones used to cover a roof |
| pan- | v. mid. | to fly |
| pan- | v. tr. | to scare away animals |
| pant- | v. intr. | to spin |
| paŋ | n. | spindle |
| paŋkreks | n. | (1) hook (of a spindle); (2) kneecap |
| paŋpo | n. | witness |
| paŋs | n. | meadow |
| papu | n. | sock |
| pardaŋ | n. | excitement |
| parget | n. | belt |
| pari | adj. | wide, broad |
| parindʑa | n. | bow-string |
| parka | n. | will power |
| paru | n. | small box |
| pat | n. | letter (Indo-Aryan) |
| paʈakna | adv. | immediately |
| pawla | n. | shoe |
| pe- | v. tr. | to pick up |
| peltsi | n. | milk |
| pera | n. | basket (carried with hands) |
| pes | n. | divination |
| petal | n. | plate (Indo-Aryan) |
| petɕa | n. | book |
| petɕuŋ | n. | father's sister's husband |
| petse | n. | twins |
| piː | num. | four |
| pil- | v. tr. | to sieve, to sift |
| piltsi | n. | sift |
| pimik | n. | hip, hip joint |
| pin- | v. tr. | to fill, to load, to stuff |
| pipili | n. | chilly (Indo-Aryan) |
| piri | n. | border of a field |
| pispis | n. | engorgement |
| pistok | n. | barter among relatives |
| pitaŋ | n. | door |
| piti | n. | Spiti |
| pitikat | n. | Tibetan variety of Spiti |
| pitsi | n. | rope (thin) |
| pjak- | v. tr. | (1) to hide (tr.); (2) to bury |
| pjar- | v. tr. | to attach, to fix, to glue |
| pjar- | v. | to winnow |
| pjatsi | n. | bird |
| pjoŋpjoŋtsi | n. | uvula |
| pju- | v. tr. | to see off, to drop (a person) |
| pju- | v. mid. | to see off, to drop (a person) |
| pjutsi | n. | mouse, rat |
| po- | v. tr. | to soak |
| polɖo | n. | ball |
| pon | n. | artist, painter |
| porotsi | n. | heap of grain in fields |
| portsi | n. | navel |
| pos | n. | incense |
| pra- | v. tr. | to say goodbye, to bid farewell |
| pra tɕek- | v. mid. | to be surprised |
| prak- | v. tr. | to cut, to divide |
| prakpʰuk | n. | cave |
| prantsi | n. | small twigs |
| praŋ- | v. tr. | to stretch out |
| praps | n. | worm living on the sheep of wool |
| prek- | v. tr. | to shovel snow |
| prektsi | n. | broom |
| preŋpreŋtsi | n. | spine |
| prim- | v. tr. | to swab (tr.) |
| prims- | v. mid. | to swab (refl.) |
| prin | n. | glue |
| pro | n. | anger |
| proks | n. | kick |
| pu | n. | (1) body hair; (2) fur |
| pu | n. | chaff |
| puɕa | n. | head |
| pujdak | adj. | beautiful (of objects), of good quality |
| puk | n. | roasted barley |
| puk- | v. tr. | to rub in (soap) (tr.) |
| puk- | v. tr. | to rub in (soap) (refl.) |
| pul- | v. tr. | to pull out, to tear out |
| pula | n. | traditional shoe made of grass |
| pumpa | n. | shoulder |
| punasla | n. | 4rd month of the traditional calendar |
| puŋt- | v. intr. | to grow |
| pur- | v. tr. | to kill |
| pur | n. | hon. dead body |
| puri | n. | pipe of stove |
| purkjum | n. | soot on stove |
| pus | n. | knee |
| put | n. | teat |
| putuŋ | n. | penis |
| puʈukna | adv. | immediately |
| pʰa- | v. tr. | to spray, to scatter |
| pʰaɕu | n. | vagina |
| pʰak- | v. tr. | to fuck |
| pʰakpʰjas | n. | secret |
| pʰala | n. | ploughshare |
| pʰalaŋpjatsi | n. | bat |
| pʰam- | v. tr. | to defeat |
| pʰan- | v. intr. | to sew |
| pʰans | n. | seam |
| pʰan- | v. intr. | to be beneficial, to be effective |
| pʰandilbaʈi | n. | kind of pot |
| pʰanɖu | n. | arrowhead |
| pʰantɕipa | n. | tailor |
| pʰantʰoks | n. | benefit |
| pʰaŋpʰaŋ | adj. | light (of hollow things) |
| pʰaŋs | n. | sorrow |
| pʰaŋs- | v. | be sorry, be miser |
| pʰap- | v. | take down |
| pʰardut | n. | knot |
| pʰasna | adv. | suddenly |
| pʰasta | adv. | by chance |
| pʰat | n. | bag |
| pʰat- | v. tr. | to undo, to free from a chain |
| pʰatilbaʈi | n. | pot |
| pʰel- | v. tr. | to increase, to multiply |
| pʰen- | v. tr. | to pour out, to empty, to spill |
| pʰet | n. | half |
| pʰet- | v. tr. | to make a path in the snow |
| pʰetarak | n. | (1) forehead; (2) luck |
| pʰetse ama | n. | aunt (mother's 2nd youngest sister) |
| pʰetse awa | n. | uncle (father's 2nd youngest brother) |
| pʰetsetsi | adj. | young (babies and small children) |
| pʰetʈel | adj. | half-done, half-finished |
| pʰi | n. | outside, surface |
| pʰiː | adv. | late |
| pʰik- | v. tr. | to fuck |
| pʰilak | adv. | outside |
| pʰimpa | n. | felt |
| pʰinaŋ | adv. | inside and outside |
| pʰirek | adv. | abroad, outside |
| pʰiro | n. | night |
| pʰisa | n. | feces |
| pʰitok | n. | evening |
| pʰitokdʑuŋ | n. | late evening |
| pʰja- | v. intr. | to speak |
| pʰjas | n. | talk |
| pʰja | n. | marmot |
| pʰjar- | v. tr. | to raise, to lift up |
| pʰjormo | adj. | pretty |
| pʰjorpo | adj. | handsome |
| pʰju | n. | fart |
| pʰjukpo | adj. | rich |
| pʰoj | adj. | moist |
| pʰok- | v. intr. | to be hurt |
| pʰokara | n. | donkey (male) |
| pʰokʰju | n. | dog (male) |
| pʰon- | v. tr. | to twist, to take out |
| pʰot | n. | dried stuff |
| pʰot- | v. tr. | to dress (with a shirt) (tr.) |
| pʰot- | v. mid. | to dress (with a shirt) (refl.) |
| pʰots | n. | clothes |
| pʰotɕomo | n. | hermaphrodite |
| pʰotsi | n. | idol made of flour |
| pʰra | n. | rosary |
| pʰrak- | v. tr. | to dismantle partially |
| pʰral- | v. tr. | to separate |
| pʰran- | v. tr. | to turn over |
| pʰrek- | v. tr. | to cause to slide down in small portions (of hay, earth, etc.) |
| pʰremalik | n. | butterfly |
| pʰreŋna | adj. | standing in a row |
| pʰreŋpʰreŋ | adj. | lying in a row |
| pʰrettok | adv. | horizontal |
| pʰri- | v. tr. | to take away, to diminish |
| pʰrin | n. | message |
| pʰrips | n. | sneezing |
| pʰu | n. | puff of air |
| pʰu- | v. tr. | to push |
| pʰu | n. | big pot used for the distillation of liquor |
| pʰu lot- | v. tr. | to blow (out) |
| pʰuk | n. | cave, hole in surfaces |
| pʰuk | adj. | narrow |
| pʰul- | v. tr. | hon. to present, to offer |
| pʰulgobi | n. | cauliflower (Indo-Aryan) |
| pʰuli | n. | nose piercing |
| pʰundʑi | adj. | hot (burning) |
| pʰunʈi | n. | water (hot) |
| pʰuŋ | n. | bundle of wool (not rolled up) |
| pʰuŋpo | n. | hon. dead body |
| pʰup | n. | shield |
| pʰur- | v. tr. | to shake |
| pʰurpa | n. | dagger for ceremonies |
| pʰus | n. | stroke, blow |
| pʰut- | v. intr. | to be frostbitten |
| pʰwa | n. | stomach |
| ba | n. | wall |
| baɕi | n. | mixed breed of cow and yak |
| bajaks | adv. | in three days |
| bak | n. | mask |
| bakɕatsi | n. | deep-fried bread |
| baklok | n. | party held one year after the wedding ceremony and organized by the bride's family |
| bakma | n. | bride |
| baksken | n. | first night of the bridal couple |
| bakston | n. | wedding |
| bakta | n. | period, time (Indo-Aryan) |
| baktʰuk | n. | glue |
| bakʈʰitpa | n. | best man |
| bala | n. | rose |
| balbo | n. | Nepal |
| balpa | n. | frog |
| baltɕoŋ | n. | lizard |
| balʈi | n. | bucket (Indo-Aryan) |
| bamt- | v. mid. | to become insane |
| ban- | v. tr. | to construct |
| banɖe | n. | cow that does not give milk (because of pregnancy or sickness) |
| banʈʰa | n. | share of heritage |
| baŋ | n. | foot |
| baŋbotsi | n. | toe |
| baŋga | n. | marihuana |
| baŋgjap | n. | dorsum of the foot |
| baŋtʰil | n. | sole |
| bap- | v. intr. | to be forced to do |
| baps- | v. intr. | to come down |
| baps- | v. mid. | to come down |
| baptsa | n. | socks (short) |
| bar- | v. intr. | (1) to bloom; (2) to flame (up) |
| bar | adv. | often, sometimes |
| barawa | n. | uncle (father's middle brother) |
| barbarguŋ | adv. | often, sometimes |
| bardo | n. | trouble, hardship |
| barlak | n. | gap |
| barlakkuŋ | adv. | sometimes |
| bart- | v. mid. | to come undone |
| bartsa | n. | spear |
| bat | n. | bark |
| batak | n. | root |
| batsi | n. | (1) skin; (2) leather |
| baʈi | n. | pot |
| baʈo | n. | goat (male) |
| bawa | n. | goiter |
| be | n. | rock |
| bema | n. | sand |
| bent- | v. intr. | to be spilled |
| bent- | v. mid. | to be spilled |
| beŋbeŋ | adj. | unconscious |
| beŋna | adj. | unconscious |
| berbu | n. | trousers |
| berka | n. | stick, threshing flail |
| berkjak | n. | excrements of birds |
| bertsot | n. | naughty child, rascal |
| bes | n. | mutual help |
| bes- | v. mid. | to help one another |
| bet | n. | brother (younger) |
| bet- | v. tr. | to add |
| bete | n. | child, baby |
| beʈa | n. | Mon, traditional musicians and petty-traders travelling in around in North India |
| bidʑil | n. | electricity (Indo-Aryan) |
| bik | adj. | full |
| bila | n. | cat (Indo-Aryan) |
| biŋ- | v. intr. | to become full |
| biŋ | n. | years (of age) |
| bitsi | n. | thread |
| bjaj | adj. | thin (of flat things), light (of alcohol) |
| bjak- | v. intr. | to hide oneself |
| bjanmo | n. | wife |
| bjantɕa | n. | piece of wood used in the distillation of arak |
| bjart- | v. mid. | to be attached to, to stick to |
| bjoŋbjoŋ | adj. | dangling |
| bjoŋna | adj. | dangling |
| bohik | n. | Tibetan script |
| boj | adj. | thick (of long things), fat |
| bok | n. | undulating part of a path |
| bokbok | adj. | undulating (long distance) |
| bokna | adj. | undulating (short distance) |
| bolɲotsi | n. | excrements of goats and sheep |
| bolok | n. | cow dung |
| bont- | v. mid. | to become twisted |
| bont- | v. mid. | to start going |
| bor | n. | shrub |
| bora | n. | bag |
| bortsa | n. | shrub |
| boskat | n. | Tibetan language |
| bospa | adj. | vain |
| bot | n. | Tibet |
| boti | n. | whey |
| botkjuŋ | n. | Tibet |
| botsi | n. | finger |
| botsibi | n. | index finger's breadth (traditional length measure) |
| boʈul | n. | kind of pot |
| boʈʰak | n. | index finger's breadth (traditional length measure) |
| brak | n. | (1) rock; (2) wall |
| brak- | v. tr. | to arrange, to tie up |
| brakna | adj. | shining (sun) |
| braktɕʰal | n. | echo |
| bralt- | v. mid. | to break off and fall down |
| brant- | v. mid. | to fall |
| braŋbraŋ | adj. | full, satisfied |
| braŋɕikpa | n. | tick-like insect |
| braŋsa | n. | apartment, dwelling place |
| braŋsi | n. | honey |
| braŋsibujaŋ | n. | honey bee |
| braŋsibupa | n. | bee-keeper |
| braŋsitsʰaŋ | n. | bee hive |
| bras | n. | rice |
| bras- | v. mid. | to disperse, to separate |
| braw | n. | buckwheat |
| brawmjosla | n. | 7th month of the traditional calendar |
| brekt- | v. mid. | to slide, to slip |
| brel- | v. tr. | to join together, to intertwine |
| bret- | v. intr. | to slip |
| bril- | v. tr. | to include |
| brilbril | adj. | shapeless |
| bris- | v. tr. | to write |
| bro- | v. tr. | to mix |
| bro- | v. mid. | to interact |
| broks- | v. intr. | to rise (of water level) |
| bromolalatsi | n. | rainbow |
| broŋ- | v. | make fun of |
| broŋs- | v. intr. | to prance, to romp |
| broŋs- | v. mid. | to banter, to tease one another |
| bru- | v. tr. | to rub, to clean |
| bruk | n. | dragon |
| bruk- | v. intr. | to overflow, to boil over |
| brut- | v. intr. | to wipe off |
| bu | n. | insect |
| bu juk- | v. mid. | to become foggy |
| bubu | n. | owl |
| bujaŋ | n. | fly |
| bul | n. | log, firewood (big pieces) |
| bulon | n. | loan, debts |
| bulʈʰuk | n. | stripes of dough put into soup |
| bumpa | n. | cup for religious offerings |
| bumskʰor | n. | annual ceremony in Keylong for a good harvest |
| buŋ | n. | ankle |
| buŋs- | v. intr. | to inflate due to chilblain |
| bup- | v. intr. | to stumble |
| bur | n. | ear of grain |
| buras | n. | silk |
| but- | v. tr. | to put, to place, to leave |
| butsa | n. | boy, son |
| buʈa | n. | tree |
| bwa | n. | bubble |
| ma | n. | boil, ulcer |
| mabap | n. | bad talk |
| mak | n. | fog |
| makpa | n. | bridegroom, son-in-law |
| makʰa | n. | wound (healing) |
| mal | n. | place |
| malams | n. | laziness |
| mama | n. | breast (female) |
| mamo | n. | sheep (female) |
| mamoj | adj. | wild growing |
| man | n. | medicine |
| mane | n. | stone carved with mantras |
| maneduŋgjur | n. | payer mill (big) |
| manelakkʰor | n. | prayer mill (small) |
| mankʰaŋ | n. | hospital |
| manpʰot | n. | spices |
| mantɕi | n. | medical plants |
| maŋbala | n. | wild rose (red) |
| maŋbuj | adj. | dark red |
| maŋdu | n. | red sky at morning, afterglow |
| maŋi | adj. | red |
| maŋs | n. | dream |
| mapdʑa | n. | peacock |
| mar | n. | butter |
| maraj | adj. | bad |
| marap | adj. | bad |
| marbotsi | n. | index finger |
| marɕik | adj. | different |
| mardej | adj. | ugly |
| mardʑwa | n. | tsampa dish made from tsampa, butter and tea |
| marektsi | n. | tick-like insect |
| masa | n. | bed |
| mat | n. | lower valley |
| mataj | adj. | poor |
| matʰem | n. | threshold |
| me | n. | fire |
| meɕiŋ | n. | firewood |
| melaps | n. | flame |
| melok | n. | Pattan Valley |
| melokkat | n. | Pattani language |
| melokpa | n. | person from Pattan Valley |
| meluŋ | n. | hearth |
| meme | n. | monk |
| mentok | n. | flower |
| mentsi | n. | lump of dough |
| mert- | v. intr. | to become bright |
| metɕi | adv. | lower (in a seating arrangement), a little downwards |
| metɕuŋ | n. | mother's brother's wife |
| metsaksa | n. | vessel for hot ash |
| mewa | n. | mole, birthmark |
| mi- | v. mid. | to think about, to reflect |
| mijul | n. | earth |
| mik | n. | eye |
| mik- | v. tr. | to count |
| mik tsʰaps- | v. mid. | to wink (eyes) |
| mikbur | n. | painful infection of the eye |
| mikkʰa | n. | evil eye |
| mikpa | n. | horseshoe |
| mikpʰokj | n. | evil eye |
| mikra | n. | glasses |
| mikrutsʰam | n. | eyebrow |
| miks | n. | story |
| mikspu | n. | eyelash |
| mikti | n. | tear |
| miktsi | n. | (1) eye of a needle; (2) eye of a millstone |
| min | n. | name |
| mint- | v. intr. | to ripen |
| mintɕan | n. | famous |
| miŋgjaks | adv. | in two days |
| mir | n. | milk skin |
| mirkja | n. | lay-man |
| mitsʰe | n. | life |
| mjaj | adj. | low |
| mjaŋ- | v. tr. | to taste |
| mjo- | v. intr. | to plough |
| mjonba | n. | shaman, medium |
| mjoŋ | adv. | downstairs |
| mjosla | n. | 6th month of the traditional calendar |
| mjuŋ | n. | brother |
| mo- | v. tr. | to roast |
| munɕi | n. | teacher (Indo-Aryan) |
| mok- | v. tr. | to cut hair (tr.) |
| mok- | v. mid. | to cut hair (refl.) |
| mokali | n. | turnip |
| mokara | n. | donkey (female) |
| mokɕa | n. | mushroom |
| moktsi | n. | boil |
| mokʈa | n. | bowl used to make momok |
| mokʰju | n. | bitch |
| molam | n. | prayer |
| momok | n. | dumplings |
| moms | n. | satisfaction |
| moms- | v. intr. | to become full, to become satiated (from drinking) |
| mot | n. | face |
| moʈor | n. | car, truck (English) |
| mu | n. | snow |
| mudarsa | n. | school |
| mudjwak | adv. | three days ago |
| mudwaŋ | adv. | three years ago |
| muk | n. | desire |
| mukpa | n. | fog |
| mukpoj | adj. | dark blue, brown |
| mul | n. | silver |
| muli | adj. | dark in color, greyish |
| mulmul | adj. | lukewarm (liquids) |
| mulna | adj. | lukewarm (liquids) |
| munɖak | n. | darkness |
| munɲa | n. | in dark night |
| munpʰet | n. | midnight |
| munt- | v. intr. | to get unconscious |
| muntsi | n. | field (small) |
| mur murs- | v. mid. | to grumble |
| murt- | v. intr. | to snore |
| musulɖu | n. | big pestle (used to separate grain and husk) |
| mutik | n. | flea |
| mutik | n. | pearl |
| mutsʰa | n. | moustache |
| tsak- | v. tr. | to put inside |
| tsakatsoke | adj. | in small pieces |
| tsalatsele | adj. | fuzzy |
| tsani | adj. | (1) pointed; (2) burning hot |
| tsanisla | n. | 3rd month of the traditional calendar |
| tsap- | v. tr. | to cut into pieces, to work on wood (of a carpenter) |
| tsaps | n. | yeast |
| tsaptsap | adv. | sometimes |
| tsar- | v. tr. | to lay down, to lay out |
| tsarkʰa | n. | spinning wheel |
| tseɕu | n. | religious festival, “Devil Dance” |
| tseltsel | adj. | round |
| tsemet | n. | girl |
| tsikŋan | n. | swearing |
| tsimʈa | n. | tongs |
| tsir- | v. tr. | to squeeze out |
| tsirtsir | n. | drizzle |
| tsitsi | n. | child |
| tsok- | v. tr. | to pick, to carve |
| tsokbotsi | n. | index finger |
| tsokna | adj. | cross-legged |
| tsokse | adj. | alike, similar (for animates) |
| tsokskjoj | n. | span from the thumb to the index finger (traditional length measure) |
| tsoms | n. | courtyard |
| tsoŋ | n. | onion |
| tsoŋna | adj. | upright |
| tsoŋtsoŋ | adj. | upright |
| tsopna | adj. | slight |
| tsuk- | v. tr. | to begin, to plant, to educate |
| tsuk- | v. tr. | to dress (with trouses) (tr.) |
| tsuk- | v. mid. | to dress (with trouses) (refl.) |
| tsukna | adv. | straight, directly |
| tsukskisla | n. | 1st month of the traditional calendar |
| tsukʈʰuk | n. | sitting carpet (thin) |
| tsum- | v. tr. | (1) to seize, to hold, to catch; (2) to chase |
| tsums | n. | handle |
| tsuna | quant. | few, little (solid objects) |
| tswar- | v. tr. | to strew, to scatter |
| tsʰa | n. | salt |
| tsʰak | n. | sieve |
| tsʰak- | v. tr. | to filter |
| tsʰakj | adj. | useless |
| tsʰaks | n. | trouble |
| tsʰaks el- | v. intr. | to be disarticulated, to be dislocated |
| tsʰal- | v. tr. | to split, to saw |
| tsʰale | n. | glaze |
| tsʰam | n. | (1) fur of goats and sheep; (2) wool |
| tsʰamik | n. | chilly |
| tsʰamo | n. | sister-in-law |
| tsʰams | n. | retreat |
| tsʰan | n. | resin |
| tsʰaŋ- | v. tr. | to throw away, to drop |
| tsʰaŋ | n. | nest, burrow, den, cobweb |
| tsʰaŋi | adj. | all |
| tsʰaps | n. | aim, goal |
| tsʰaps | n. | substitute |
| tsʰas | n. | garden |
| tsʰaskaŋ | n. | flower bed |
| tsʰat | n. | fever |
| tsʰat | n. | limit |
| tsʰatpa | n. | heat |
| tsʰattsʰattok | adv. | from time to time |
| tsʰaw | n. | brother-in-law, nephew |
| tsʰe | n. | life |
| tsʰek | adj. | filthy, dirty |
| tsʰengjaks | adv. | in five days |
| tsʰepa | n. | calendar's day |
| tsʰer | n. | sadness |
| tsʰer- | v. intr. | to be sad |
| tsʰeril | n. | tsampa pills |
| tsʰikpa | n. | anger |
| tsʰikspa | n. | joint |
| tsʰims- | v. intr. | to become full, to become satiated (from eating) |
| tsʰir | n. | turn |
| tsʰo | n. | lake, sea |
| tsʰok | n. | accumulation (of merit) |
| tsʰoks | n. | ritual performed by a whole village |
| tsʰoks | n. | consecrated food |
| tsʰol- | v. tr. | to search, to look for |
| tsʰoma | n. | vegetables |
| tsʰon | n. | color |
| tsʰor- | v. tr. | to feel |
| tsʰos | n. | fat (solid) |
| tsʰu | n. | handle |
| tsʰuks- | v. intr. | to settle down |
| tsʰuks- | v. mid. | to settle down |
| tsʰwa- | v. tr. | to share, to distribute |
| tsʰwak | n. | thorn |
| tsʰwakbur | n. | thornbush |
| tsʰwaktumtsi | n. | seabuckthorn |
| tsʰwar- | v. tr. | to scatter |
| dza- | v. intr. | to eat |
| dzakdzak | n. | backache |
| dzaktsi | n. | coiling |
| dzakʰaŋ | n. | storeroom for food |
| dzambuliŋ | n. | universe |
| dzamenliksa | n. | kitchen |
| dzampa | n. | bridge |
| dzanare | quant. | very many, very much |
| dzaŋdzaŋ | n. | insincere refusal |
| dzaŋi | adj. | (1) sharp; (2) holy |
| dzaŋpo | adj. | clear, good |
| dzaŋs- | v. intr. | to get dark |
| dzaŋsma | n. | copper |
| dzaŋstar | n. | tripod (made of iron) |
| dzaradzore | n. | stumps (of cut off branches), tree trunk |
| dzat | n. | barley |
| dzat- | v. tr. | hon. to do, to make |
| dzaw | n. | friend |
| dzeba | n. | small cracks in wall |
| dzejba | n. | temple |
| dzep | n. | stallion |
| dzer | n. | nail |
| dzer- | v. tr. | to stick into |
| dzermo | n. | claw |
| dzik | n. | leopard |
| dzilpa | n. | dew |
| dziŋ | n. | pool, pond |
| dziŋ- | v. tr. | to scold |
| dziŋs- | v. intr. | to quarrel |
| dziŋs- | v. mid. | to quarrel |
| dziŋdziŋ | n. | dizziness |
| dziŋdziŋ | n. | massive snowfall |
| dziŋgil | n. | noise, disturbance |
| dziŋmo | n. | quarrel, fight |
| dziŋs | n. | quarreling person |
| dzo | n. | crossbreed between yak and cow (male, 1st generation) |
| dzokdzok | adj. | thick (of liquids), juicy |
| dzokna | adj. | statue-like, without moving |
| dzom- | v. intr. | to assemble |
| dzomo | n. | crossbreed between yak and cow (female, 1st generation) |
| dzomraŋs | n. | meeting, festival |
| dzoŋdzoŋ | adj. | long (of manufactured things) |
| dzoŋs | n. | gift of money for newly married couples |
| dzopo | n. | bull (castrated) |
| dzorabare | adj. | meaningless, without any reason |
| dzordzor | adj. | standing out (of nails, branches, etc.) |
| dzordzor | n. | bulge |
| dzorna | adj. | standing out (of nails, branches, etc.) |
| dzot | n. | store-room |
| dzot- | v. intr. | to resist |
| dzuk | n. | pain, sickness |
| dzuk- | v. tr. | to begin |
| dzuks | n. | body |
| dzult- | v. intr. | to bark |
| dzumdzum | n. | uneasy feeling |
| dzuŋi | n. | pair |
| dzural | n. | vent on the sides of a dukpo (traditional dress) |
| dzuʈʰu | n. | plait |
| dzwa | n. | bucket |
| ja- | v. tr. | to serve (drinks and liquid food) |
| ja | n. | bad food |
| jaː | adv. | yesterday |
| jak | n. | yak |
| jaks- | v. intr. | to make fun of, to talk badly |
| jamtsʰan | adj. | strange, different |
| jantʰondok | adv. | surrounding |
| jaŋ- | v. | to serve (solid food) |
| jaŋ- | v. | to draw (sword), to strike out |
| jaŋi | adj. | light (in weight) |
| jaŋla pʰok- | v. intr. | to get a sunburn |
| jaŋpʰet | num. | quarter |
| jaŋsken | n. | dinner |
| jaŋstok | adv. | last night |
| jaŋtete | n. | great-grandfather |
| jaŋʈʰek | n. | roof top |
| jap- | v. tr. | to split (with a saw) |
| jarap | adj. | noble, well-behaved |
| jartok | adv. | above |
| jartsʰes | n. | waxing phase of moon |
| jas | adv. | right(side) |
| jato | n. | friend, help |
| jatʰem | n. | upper doorframe |
| jen- | cop. | equative copula |
| jo- | v. tr. | hon. to cook |
| joj | adj. | askew |
| jok- | v. tr. | to buy |
| jok- | v. tr. | to keep |
| jokmo | n. | servant, slave (female) |
| jokpo | n. | servant, slave (male) |
| joldʑi | n. | early afternoon |
| jolt- | v. intr. | to fade |
| jomjom | adv. | back and forth |
| jon | adv. | left(side) |
| jondak | n. | head of a household (male) |
| jondakmo | n. | head of the household (female) |
| jorok | adv. | upstairs |
| jos- | v. intr. | to become drunk |
| jos | n. | drunkenness |
| jot- | v. intr. | to get lost |
| jot- | v. tr. | to lose |
| jotɕi | adv. | higher (in a seating arrangement), a little bit upwards |
| ju- | v. tr. | to grind |
| juɕi | n. | tsampa (roasted flour) |
| juj | adj. | old (of things) |
| juk- | v. tr. | to throw away, to throw down, to roll (stones) |
| jukna | adv. | right now, immediately |
| jul | n. | country, village |
| juparan | n. | turquoise stone |
| jur | n. | water channel |
| juspa | n. | whistling |
| justa | adv. | for a short while |
| jwaŋ- | v. intr. | to grow up |
| ra- | v. intr. | to come |
| rabarobe | adj. | rough |
| raɕa | n. | goat meat |
| raɕi | n. | rope (thick) |
| ragan | n. | brass |
| ral | n. | roasted barley flower used to thicken soups |
| ral- | v. tr. | to dissolve (of liquids) (tr.) |
| ralak | adv. | on the left side of a valley (when looking downstream) |
| ralɖi | n. | sword |
| ramne | n. | consecration |
| ran | n. | hard snow on which one can walk |
| ra:na | adj. | often coming |
| rant- | v. intr. | to weave |
| raŋga soso | pron. | each their own |
| raŋtsi | n. | sleeve |
| ras | n. | cloth (made of cotton), towel |
| ratɕi | adv. | other side |
| raʈabul | n. | mill wheel of a water-mill |
| rawa | n. | hoof |
| re | n. | umbilical cord |
| reks- | v. intr. | to shiver |
| rektsi | n. | kernel |
| reks | n. | shivering, trembling |
| rekʰolak | n. | earwax |
| remo | n. | line |
| repak | n. | Triloknath |
| rere | pron. | each |
| retsi | n. | ear |
| rewa | n. | hope |
| ri | n. | (1) avalanche; (2) glacier |
| riboŋ | n. | rabbit |
| ridaks | n. | game, wild animals |
| rik- | v. tr. | to fetch, to bring |
| rik | n. | field |
| rikdaŋlenipa | n. | farmer |
| rintɕenbu | n. | spider |
| riŋ- | v. intr. | to tell, to say |
| ritsʰaŋ | n. | crevasse |
| ro | n. | corpse, dead body |
| ro- | v. tr. | (1) to roast; (2) to cremate |
| rol | n. | furrow |
| rolaŋs | n. | zombie |
| rolmo | n. | cymbals |
| roŋga | n. | bean |
| roŋkʰaŋ | n. | cremation ground |
| roŋkʰaŋme | n. | funeral pyre |
| ropdakpa | n. | carrier of the dead body during a funeral |
| ropotsi | n. | musk deer |
| roptɕan | adj. | arrogant |
| roras | n. | shroud |
| rotɕo | n. | horn |
| rotɕok | n. | hayloft |
| rotsi | n. | plank |
| ruk- | v. tr. | to chew |
| ruks | n. | cud |
| ruks nilt- | v. mid. | to chew the cud |
| rult- | v. intr. | to rot |
| rup- | v. mid. | to crowd, to come together |
| rus | n. | lineage, clan |
| rus- | v. | to be destroyed by a flood |
| ruspa | n. | bone |
| rut | n. | flood |
| rwak- | v. intr. | to graze (intr. / tr.) |
| rwak- | v. mid. | to graze (intr.) |
| rwaksa | n. | grazing ground |
| rwaktsi | n. | shepherd |
| rwal- | v. mid. | to doze off |
| rwaŋ | n. | mountain pasture |
| la | n. | goat (female) |
| la | n. | reed |
| la | n. | moon |
| la | n. | mountain pass |
| la | n. | speed of walking |
| ladaks | n. | Ladakh |
| laja | n. | month |
| lajoks | n. | sin |
| lak | n. | hand |
| lak- | v. tr. | to lick |
| lakɕa | n. | leg of animals |
| lakɕup | n. | glove |
| lakgjap | n. | back of the hand |
| lakj | adj. | thin (of long things) |
| lakma | n. | leftovers (eatable) |
| laks- | v. intr. | to be lost |
| laks- | v. intr. | to grow well, to thrive |
| lakskor | n. | millstone |
| laktʰil | n. | palm (of hand) |
| lala | n. | song |
| lala tʰir- | v. tr. | to sing |
| lalatsi | n. | goat (young) |
| lam- | v. tr. | to rinse |
| lam- | v. mid. | to like, to enjoy |
| lam- | v. tr. | to fry |
| lama | n. | Lama, monk |
| lama | n. | sheep (female) |
| lan | n. | air, wind |
| lan | n. | answer |
| lan da- | v. tr. | to answer |
| laŋ- | v. tr. | to sell |
| laŋ | n. | fire wood (medium sized pieces) |
| laŋ | n. | manure, dung |
| laŋ- | v. tr. | to raise (of fermenting agent) |
| laŋs- | v. intr. | to rise (of leaved dough), to become alive (of zombies) |
| laŋs- | v. mid. | to rise (leaved dough) |
| laŋɕa | n. | beef |
| laŋɕi | n. | sourdough for lwar after resting |
| laŋgjak | n. | branch |
| laŋkesla | n. | 5th month of the traditional calendar |
| laŋpotɕʰe | n. | elephant |
| laŋspa | n. | vapor |
| laŋtsi | n. | bull |
| laŋʈo | n. | bull |
| lap | n. | leaf |
| lap | n. | lightning |
| lapdʑa | n. | advice |
| lapsi | n. | handkerchief |
| lapʰjar | n. | avalanche falling over a precipice |
| lardʑe | n. | doctor |
| lare | n. | centipede |
| larlar | adj. | slippery |
| las | n. | price |
| lasap | n. | ring (for finger) |
| lasmi | n. | woman |
| lati | n. | saliva |
| latmo | n. | imitation, fake |
| latsi | n. | mountain peak |
| latʰot | n. | crown |
| lawa | n. | sheep shed, goat shed |
| le | n. | tongue |
| lebala | n. | wild rose (yellow) |
| lej | adj. | yellow |
| lek- | v. tr. | to change, to transfer |
| leks | n. | village, valley |
| lekspa | n. | villager |
| lekwartum | n. | egg yolk |
| len | n. | work |
| lenipa | n. | worker |
| lenmi | n. | worker |
| lent- | v. intr. | to work |
| lep- | v. tr. | to reach, to arrive |
| leptɕaŋdok | adv. | upside down |
| let- | v. tr. | to teach |
| letsok | adj. | envious |
| li | n. | bronze |
| liː | adj. | heavy |
| liɕi | n. | cardamom seeds |
| lik- | v. tr. | to do, to make |
| limbuʈa | n. | pine tree (Himalayan pine) |
| linɖa | adj. | naughty, faulty |
| liŋs | n. | hunt |
| liŋʈʰan | n. | island |
| lis- | v. intr. | to freeze |
| lis | n. | (1) ice; (2) egg white |
| lo | n. | calendar year |
| lo | n. | mattress |
| lo | n. | south |
| lodʑuŋ | adv. | every year |
| loj | adj. | easy |
| lok- | v. tr. | to read, to study |
| lok | n. | lightning |
| lok- | v. mid. | to climb up |
| lokj | adj. | sick, weak, incapable |
| lokos | n. | curse |
| lomna | adj. | soft (solid) |
| loŋ- | v. mid. | to vomit |
| loŋ | n. | free time |
| lops- | v. intr. | to become accustomed |
| lorki | n. | brass pot |
| lot- | v. tr. | to say |
| lotok | n. | crops |
| lukɕa | n. | mutton |
| lukna | adj. | moist |
| luks | n. | custom |
| lumpa | n. | side valley |
| luŋ | n. | autumn |
| luŋ | n. | depression |
| luŋ | n. | breath |
| luŋtabar | n. | prayer flag |
| luŋtɕi | n. | last grass in autumn |
| lus- | v. intr. | to fall behind, to be left over |
| lus- | v. mid. | to be stuck |
| lutsi | n. | calf |
| lwar | n. | omelet made from sourdough |
| lwat- | v. tr. | to forget |
| lwats- | v. intr. | to be forgotten |
| lwats- | v. mid. | to be forgotten |
| ɕa | n. | meat |
| ɕabu | n. | maggot |
| ɕadʑa | n. | water pipe |
| ɕaj | n. | mustard |
| ɕak- | v. tr. | hon. to immerse |
| ɕakbuʈa | n. | birch |
| ɕal- | v. intr. | to suffer from diarrhea |
| ɕal | n. | diarrhea |
| ɕama | n. | afterbirth |
| ɕanɖum | n. | muscle ache |
| ɕanpa | n. | butcher |
| ɕaŋ | adj. | eagerly |
| ɕaŋ tsak- | v. mid. | to watch eagerly |
| ɕaŋdzi | n. | old woman |
| ɕaŋdzi | adj. | old (of women) |
| ɕaŋi | adj. | old (of animals) |
| ɕaŋku | n. | wolf |
| ɕaŋmo | adj. | clever (of women) |
| ɕaŋpo | adj. | clever (of men) |
| ɕaŋs | n. | old age |
| ɕaŋs- | v. intr. | to grow old |
| ɕaŋs- | v. mid. | to grow old |
| ɕaŋtɕan | adj. | noticing |
| ɕaŋʈe | n. | old man |
| ɕaŋʈe | adj. | old (of men) |
| ɕaportsi | n. | hangnail |
| ɕar | n. | east |
| ɕarba | n. | young man |
| ɕarba | adj. | young (of men) |
| ɕarna | n. | cattle shed |
| ɕarul | n. | scar |
| ɕas | n. | tenure |
| ɕat- | v. tr. | to narrate |
| ɕat- | v. tr. | to clean water channels |
| ɕatgju | n. | story |
| ɕatpa | n. | explanation |
| ɕawa | n. | deer |
| ɕel | n. | summer |
| ɕelgo | n. | glass |
| ɕelkar | n. | crystallized sugar, miśrī |
| ɕelsa | n. | room used in summertime |
| ɕema | n. | queen |
| ɕemtɕuŋ | n. | princess |
| ɕen- | v. tr. | to raise |
| ɕens- | v. mid. | to rise, to get up |
| ɕet | n. | power, strength |
| ɕet- | v. intr. | to flee, to steal away silently |
| ɕettɕan | adj. | strong |
| ɕiː | adj. | white |
| ɕik- | v. tr. | to tear down (walls) |
| ɕika | n. | net |
| ɕilti | n. | rain |
| ɕinɖat | n. | hard work |
| ɕiŋ | n. | timber |
| ɕiŋkan | n. | carpenter |
| ɕipi | n. | Chanal (ethno-linguistic community of Indo-Aryan origin) |
| ɕirkaʈak | n. | coarse-grained sand |
| ɕiskarapa | n. | idol prayed to in wintertime |
| ɕit- | v. mid. | to die |
| ɕoɕa | n. | heart |
| ɕok- | v. tr. | to dress (with underwear) (tr.) |
| ɕok- | v. mid. | to dress (with underwear) (refl.) |
| ɕokɕum | n. | shirt |
| ɕokpa | n. | wing, feather |
| ɕor- | v. tr. | to miss, to drop |
| ɕot | n. | lunch |
| ɕotɕes | n. | acidity, eructation |
| ɕotni | n. | late afternoon |
| ɕu | n. | blood |
| ɕu- | v. tr. | to skin |
| ɕubu puk- | v. mid. | to become chapped (of skin) |
| ɕugu | n. | paper |
| ɕuk- | v. tr. | to comb (tr.) |
| ɕuk- | v. mid. | to comb (refl.) |
| ɕukɕu | n. | demon statue |
| ɕukɕuk | adj. | difficult to tame (of young horses) |
| ɕukna | adj. | (1) thin (of long things); (2) in a hurry |
| ɕukpuk | n. | dirt under your skin |
| ɕuktsi | n. | comb |
| ɕukur | n. | apricot (dried without kernel) |
| ɕukutsi | n. | willow twigs for fire |
| ɕul | n. | dregs |
| ɕul- | v. tr. | to rinse |
| ɕulgjut | n. | flour |
| ɕum | n. | secret visit of a boy to a girl's room at night |
| ɕun | n. | nail (finger) |
| ɕundut | n. | knot |
| ɕuŋiɕuŋi | n. | sniffle |
| ɕup- | v. tr. | to push together, to telescope |
| ɕups | n. | (1) cover; (2) sheath |
| ɕurbuʈa | n. | cedar |
| ɕuri | adj. | sour |
| ɕurtum | n. | slingshot |
| ɕurum | n. | tweed (made of wool) |
| ɕwakna | adj. | good (in taste) |
| ɕwant- | v. intr. | to rest |
| ʂak | n. | shame, shyness |
| ʂaŋs | n. | horse |
| ʂaŋspa | n. | horseman |
| ʂap- | v. tr. | to ford |
| ʂet- | v. intr. | to laugh |
| ʂets | n. | laughter |
| ʂi- | v. tr. | to roll up (a ball of threads) |
| ʂik | n. | louse |
| ʂim | n. | arrow |
| ʂimtsaŋ | n. | the distance of an arrow shot (traditional length measure) |
| ʂin | n. | epilepsy |
| ʂinbu | n. | tapeworm |
| ʂiŋ | n. | sister |
| ʂip | n. | rib |
| ʂok- | v. tr. | to send (letters, etc.) |
| ʂol | n. | narrow passage, corridor |
| ʂot- | v. intr. | to set (sun) |
| ʂot | n. | sunset |
| ʂu- | v. tr. | to ask |
| ʂu kʰet- | v. tr. | to churn |
| ʂul- | v. tr. | to drive |
| ʂunt- | v. intr. | to guard |
| ʂunt- | v. mid. | to wait |
| ʂuŋ- | v. tr. | to observe |
| ʂutsi | n. | nit |
| ʂwantsi | n. | pigeon |
| sa | n. | earth, ground |
| sa | n. | pulse |
| sagun | n. | seed |
| sak | n. | (1) breath; (2) vapor |
| sak- | v. tr. | to store, to put aside |
| sak tʰin- | v. tr. | to breathe |
| sakjat | n. | land |
| saksak | n. | grasshopper |
| sal- | v. tr. | to make space, to clear away |
| salbaŋ | adj. | bare-foot |
| samen | n. | stock, things stored |
| sampa | n. | crops |
| san- | v. tr. | to repair, to fix |
| saŋɕur | n. | incense made of pine trees |
| saŋgul | n. | earthquake |
| saŋi | adj. | pure (in a religious sense) |
| saŋma | n. | hon. food |
| saŋna | adj. | well (physical condition) |
| saŋsasaŋ | n. | centipede |
| sapsap | adj. | burning (of eyes) |
| sar | n. | wick (made of cotton) |
| sarka | n. | road |
| sasa | adj. | different |
| sat | n. | indigenous deities of Lahaul |
| se- | v. tr. | to recognize |
| sej | adj. | dirty |
| sekor | n. | dirty dishes |
| sem | n. | heart, mind |
| sem | n. | barrel |
| sembura | n. | pomegranate |
| ser | n. | gold |
| ser | n. | time(s) |
| serna | adj. | avaricious |
| set- | v. intr. | to ride |
| sew | n. | apple (Indo-Aryan) |
| si | n. | butter fat (liquid) |
| siɲal | n. | big cymbals |
| siŋge | n. | lion (Indo-Aryan) |
| sipi | n. | pipe, flute |
| sirikna | adj. | all, everything |
| siruk | n. | interest, care |
| siske | n. | bundle of thin sticks used to stir soup |
| so- | v. tr. | to cool down (tr.), to turn off |
| sos- | v. intr. | to cool down (intr.) |
| soj | adj. | cold |
| sok- | v. tr. | to fit in, to push in |
| sol | n. | onyx |
| sol | n. | grain of crops |
| soldʑa | n. | hon. tea |
| solpon | n. | cook |
| soltak | n. | table |
| sonam | n. | merit |
| sonna | adv. | slightly |
| sonpo | adj. | alive |
| sonsna | adj. | idle |
| sont- | v. intr. | to be alive, to survive |
| sops- | v. intr. | to heal (intr.) |
| sops- | v. mid. | to heal |
| sotekdʑi | adj. | careful |
| soti | n. | water |
| su | pron. | who? |
| su- | v. tr. | to wash (tr.), to give a shower |
| su- | v. mid. | to wash (refl.), to take a shower |
| su- | v. tr. | hon. to welcome |
| suk- | v. tr. | to move |
| sul | n. | plait, fold, wrinkle |
| sum | num. | three (Tibetan) |
| sumi | num. | three |
| sums | n. | boredom |
| suŋ | n. | hon. teaching |
| suŋ- | v. tr. | hon. to say, to teach |
| sur | n. | weed |
| suri | n. | larva living inside the nasal cavity of cattle |
| surmo | n. | pick-axe (small) |
| sursla | n. | 8th month of the traditional calendar |
| surt- | v. intr. | to weed |
| swa | n. | tooth |
| swal | n. | coal |
| ha | n. | sweets |
| haː go- | v. tr. | to understand |
| haː las- | v. intr. | to be astonished |
| habar | n. | common land of a village |
| halam | adv. | some, quite |
| haldi | n. | saffron |
| halɖa | n. | traditional festival held on new year |
| hambu | n. | cow |
| han | pron. | 2SG |
| hanɖaŋ | adj. | deaf-mute |
| hanɖu | n. | pot for boiling liquids |
| haʈi | n. | shop, market, bazaar (Indo-Aryan) |
| hek | n. | vulture |
| hel- | v. tr. | to take away, to bring away |
| helata | adv. | for the time being |
| hen- | v. tr. | to hear, to listen, to obey |
| henak | v. dem. | like this, in this manner |
| hikuk | n. | hiccup |
| hiŋ | pron. | 1PL.EXCL |
| hit | n. | memory |
| hoɕmej | quant. | very much, very many, extremely |
| hoptɕen | n. | stirrup |
| hot | n. | light |
| honak | v. dem. | like that, in that manner |
| hukna | adj. | very tasty |
| hun | n. | news, information |
| hura | n. | ram |
| abi | n. | grandmother |
| adʑaŋ | n. | uncle (mother's brother, father-in-law, wife's/husband's brother (only appropriate if elder than wife/husband)) |
| ajna | quant. | much, a lot |
| ak | n. | mouth |
| aka | n. | excrements |
| akapʰuktsi | n. | ass hole |
| aks | n. | edge, blade |
| aks tak- | v. tr. | to call |
| aku | n. | uncle (father's sister's husband) |
| al- | v. tr. | to open (tr.) |
| als- | v. tr. | to open (intr.) |
| alkjotsi | n. | chin |
| aloŋ | n. | earring |
| altsʰam | n. | beard (chin) |
| am- | v. intr. | hon. to come |
| ama | n. | mother |
| ama kjuktsi | n. | aunt (mother's youngest sister) |
| amaawa | n. | parents |
| amdʑambaʈi | n. | kind of pot |
| ampʰet | n. | middle of a road |
| amt- | v. mid. | to walk |
| amtsi | n. | road, way, path |
| ane | n. | aunt (father's sister, mother-in-law, wife's/husband's sister) |
| aŋ- | v. tr. | to filter butter |
| aŋmik | n. | snow blindness |
| aŋtɕan | adj. | bossy, arrogant |
| apa | n. | grandmother |
| apskor | n. | beard (full) |
| apu | n. | sister (second oldest) |
| arak | n. | alcohol |
| arɕi | n. | glass, mirror |
| artsi | n. | kind of grass used to make traditional shoes |
| aru | n. | (1) potato; (2) testicles |
| atɕʰe | n. | sister (oldest) |
| atɕʰenomo | n. | sisters |
| atɕʰo | n. | brother (oldest) |
| atɕʰobet | n. | brothers |
| atuk | n. | newborn (male) |
| aw | n. | kiss |
| awa | n. | father |
| awa kjuktsi | n. | uncle (father's youngest brother) |
| i | n. | lynx |
| ika | pron. | when? |
| indzi | pron. | herself, himself, oneself |
| ini | pron. | hon. you |
| ini | pron. | yourself |
| iŋgi | pron. | myself |
| ips | n. | shape |
| ipsa | n. | room for sleeping |
| ipt- | v. mid. | to sleep |
| ipts | n. | sleep |
| is | n. | big, flat pan used to fry barley |
| itbiŋ | pron. | how many years? |
| itɕik | pron. | how many? |
| itgjak | pron. | how many days? |
| uks | n. | soul, breath |
| ukstuks | n. | heavy breathing |
| umdzat | n. | performer of funeral rites |
| utɕʰuŋ | n. | performer of funeral rites (substitute for umdzat) |
| eana | adj. | often going |
| el- | v. intr. | to go |
| epo | adj. | good |
| eraŋ | pron. | 1PL.INCL |
| etek | n. | kind of bird |
| obar | n. | hole in the floor / in the ceiling to go up and down |
| ok | n. | boulder |
| orɕek | adv. | in one year |
| orok | n. | Adam's apple |
| oroŋ | n. | snack (eaten with alcohol) |
| otɕʰak | n. | early morning |
| otɕi | adv. | tomorrow |
| otok | adv. | in the future |
| waj | adj. | far (away) |
| wajak | adv. | on the next day |
| wal | n. | shovel (wooden) |
| wampu | n. | bear |
| wan- | v. tr. | to take out, to unload, to bring out |
| waŋs- | v. intr. | to come out, to drip out, to leak |
| waŋ | n. | blessing |
| war | n. | belching |
| war- | v. tr. | to fence in |
| wars | n. | fence |
| warna | n. | animal sacrifice |
| warpa | n. | hearth |
| wart- | v. intr. | to belch |
| waru | n. | pot to boil liquids |
| watɕu | n. | drainage on the roof |
| watsi | n. | ball (of threads) |
References
[edit]- Widmer, Manuel. 2014. A descriptive grammar of Bunan. Doctoral dissertation, Universität Bern.