-ութիւն
Old Armenian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Either from -ոյթ (-oytʻ) + -իւն (-iwn) or from Proto-Indo-European *-tyon with Latin -tio as a cognate.
Suffix
[edit]-ութիւն • (-utʻiwn)
- forming quality and abstract nouns from nouns, adjectives and verbs; -ity, -ness, -dom, -hood, -y
- մի (mi, “one”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → միութիւն (miutʻiwn, “union”)
- փիլիսոփայ (pʻilisopʻay, “philosopher”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → փիլիսոփայութիւն (pʻilisopʻayutʻiwn, “philosophy”)
- արքայ (arkʻay, “king”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → արքայութիւն (arkʻayutʻiwn, “kingdom”)
- բարձր (barjr, “high”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → բարձրութիւն (barjrutʻiwn, “height”)
- մկրտեմ (mkrtem, “to baptize”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → մկրտութիւն (mkrtutʻiwn, “baptism”)
Usage notes
[edit]- The suffix was very productive.
- Often abbreviated as -ութի՟ (-utʻi.) = -ութիւն (-utʻiwn), -ութե՟ (-utʻe.) = -ութեան (-utʻean), -ութէ՟ (-utʻē.) = -ութենէ (-utʻenē).
Declension
[edit]n-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) | -ութիւնք (-utʻiwnkʻ) | |
| genitive | -ութեան (-utʻean) | -ութեանց (-utʻeancʻ) | |
| dative | -ութեան (-utʻean) | -ութեանց (-utʻeancʻ) | |
| accusative | -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) | -ութիւնս (-utʻiwns) | |
| ablative | -ութենէ (-utʻenē) | -ութեանց (-utʻeancʻ) | |
| instrumental | -ութեամբ (-utʻeamb) | -ութեամբք (-utʻeambkʻ) | |
| locative | -ութեան (-utʻean) | -ութիւնս (-utʻiwns) |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Armenian: -ություն (-utʻyun)
References
[edit]- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998) “-ութիւն”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʻneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʻ lezvi hamematakan kʻerakanutʻyan harcʻer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʻi, pages 5–48
- Tumanjan, Eteri (1971) Древнеармянский язык [The Old Armenian Language][1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 19
- Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 56