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實

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 实 and 実
實 U+5BE6, 實
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BE6
← 寥
[U+5BE5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 寧 →
[U+5BE7]

Translingual

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Traditional 實
Shinjitai 実
Simplified 实

Han character

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實 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十田十金 (JWJC), four-corner 30806, composition ⿱宀貫)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 291, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7294
  • Dae Jaweon: page 575, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 952, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5BE6

Chinese

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trad. 實
simp. 实
alternative forms 𨂢 (cha̍t) Hokkien
𡧑
宲 ancient

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 實
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 宀 (“roof”) + 周 (“carved jade”) + 貝 (“shellfish; cowrie”).

The two lower components of 周 and 貝 had combined to form 貫 (OC *koːn, *koːns, “string of cowries”), hence the incorrect analysis in Shuowen Jiezi of this character as 宀 + 貫.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • seh7 - vernacular (“packed”);
  • sih7 - literary.
Note:
  • cha̍t - vernacular (“packed; clogged; suffocated”);
  • si̍t - literary.
Note:
  • zag8 - vernacular (“packed; vexed”);
  • sig8/sêg8 - literary (sêg8 - Jieyang);.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: zag8 / xieg8
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sak̚²/, /siek̚²/
Note:
  • zag8 - vernacular (“packed”);
  • xieg8 - literary.
Rime
Character 實
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 船 (27)
Final (韻) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 神質切
Baxter zyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʑiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʑit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʑjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʑit̚/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ʑiĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/d͡ʑĭĕt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡ʑʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 實
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ zyit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mə.li[t]/
English fruit; full

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 實
Reading # 1/1
No. 11481
Phonetic
component 		實
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		實
Old
Chinese 		/*ɦliɡ/

Definitions

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實

  1. full; fulfilled; substantial; rich
    充實／充实  ―  chōngshí  ―  substantial
  2. (Classical) to fill; to load; to stuff
  3. real; true
    實情／实情  ―  shíqíng  ―  truth, fact (literally, real circumstances)
    alt. forms: 寔 (shí)
  4. truth; fact; substance; reality
    事實／事实  ―  shìshí  ―  truth
    名不副實／名不副实  ―  míngbùfùshí  ―  more in name than in reality
    實則不然／实则不然  ―  shí zé bùrán  ―  the truth cannot be more different
  5. honest
    誠實／诚实  ―  chéngshí  ―  honest; truthful
    實不相瞞／实不相瞒  ―  shíbùxiàngmán  ―  frankly speaking
  6. solid
    實心／实心  ―  shíxīn  ―  (of shapes) filled; solid (literally "solid inside")
  7. fruit (literal or figurative)
    果實／果实  ―  guǒshí  ―  fruit
  8. (Classical, arithmetic) dividend
  9. (Cantonese) surely; undoubtedly; definitely
    實會出事／实会出事 [Cantonese]  ―  sat6 wui5 ceot1 si6 [Jyutping]  ―  something bad will definitely happen
  10. (Classical) in fact; truly; verily; actually
  11. (Cantonese) tight
    個蓋擰到好實。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    个盖拧到好实。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    go3 goi3 ning2 dou3 hou2 sat6. [Jyutping]
    The lid is screwed on really tight.
  12. (Southern and Puxian Min) packed; fully filled; stuffed
    街路人實實。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    街路人实实。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Koe-lō͘ lâng cha̍t cha̍t. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The people in the streets are packed.
    箱仔內的衫褲揤甲真實。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    箱仔内的衫裤揤甲真实。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Siuⁿ-á lāi ê saⁿ-khò͘ chhi̍h kah chin cha̍t. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The clothes in the box are pressed in a packed way.
  13. (Hokkien) clogged; blocked (due to being stuffed, packed, etc.)
    實鼻／实鼻 [Hokkien]  ―  cha̍t-phīⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have a blocked nose
  14. (Hokkien) suffocated
    實氣／实气 [Hokkien]  ―  cha̍t-khùi [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to feel suffocated
  15. (Classical) this
    alt. forms: 寔 (shí)

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

実

Kyūjitai

實

Kanji

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實

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 実)

  1. reality
  2. truth

Readings

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  • Go-on: じち (jichi)
  • Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
  • Kan’yō-on: じつ (jitsu)
  • Kun: み (mi, 實)、みのる (minoru, 實る)

Proper noun

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實(みのる) • (Minoru) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

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Hanja

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實 (eumhun 열매 실 (yeolmae sil))

  1. hanja form? of 실 (“reality; truth”)
  2. hanja form? of 실 (“(literal) fruit”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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Readings

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實: Hán Việt readings: thực, thặc, chí, thật
實: Nôm readings: thật, thiệt, chí, thực

Compounds

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References

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