衣食

Chinese

		gown; clothes; to dress gown; clothes; to dress; to wear	eat; food; to feed eat; food; to feed; animal feed
trad. (衣食)		衣	食
simp. #(衣食)		衣	食

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīshí

  (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄕˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji¹ sik⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî-sṳ̍t
• Eastern Min (BUC): ĭ-sĭk
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): i-si̍t / ui-si̍t

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīshí
    • Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄕˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yishíh
    • Wade–Giles: i¹-shih²
    • Yale: yī-shŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ishyr
    • Palladius: иши (iši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji¹ sik⁶
    • Yale: yī sihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji¹ sik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi¹ xig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː⁵⁵ sɪk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-sṳ̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: i^ˊ siid
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ sid⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /i²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨt̚⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-sṳ̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i^ˊ siid
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ sid⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨt̚⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭ-sĭk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ^(s-)liʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-si̍t
    • Tâi-lô: i-si̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: isit
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ sit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /i⁴⁴⁻²² sit̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ui-si̍t
    • Tâi-lô: ui-si̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uisit
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ui⁴⁴⁻²² sit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ui⁴⁴⁻³³ sit̚⁴/

Note:

• i-si̍t - food and clothing;
• ui-si̍t - boon, luck, good fortune, good omen.

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• Middle Chinese: 'j+j zyik

Rime
Character	衣	食
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	船 (27)
Final (韻)	微 (20)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	於希切	乗力切
Baxter	'j+j	zyik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨi/	/ʑɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨi/	/ʑɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiəi/	/ʑiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨj/	/ʑik̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiəi/	/d͡ʑiək̚/
Wang Li	/ĭəi/	/d͡ʑĭək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔe̯i/	/d͡ʑʰi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yī	shí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji1	sik6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)əj  mə-lək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qɯl  ɦljɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	衣	食
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yī	shí
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjɨj ›	‹ zyik ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔ(r)əj/	/*mə-lək/
English	clothes	eat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衣	食
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14837	11477
Phonetic component	衣	食
Rime group	微	職
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	依
Old Chinese	/*qɯl/	/*ɦljɯɡ/

Noun

衣食

1. (literally) food and clothing

   • 衣食所安，弗敢專也，必以分人。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     衣食所安，弗敢专也，必以分人。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Yīshí suǒ ān, fú gǎn zhuān yě, bì yǐ fēn rén. [Pinyin]

     I never dare to keep all my food and clothing for my own enjoyment, but always share them with others.

2. (by extension) basic everyday necessities; means of subsistence
3. (Eastern Min) omen; sign; harbinger
4. (Hokkien) boon; good luck; blessing; benefit; good omen; good fortune

Synonyms

• (omen):

edit

• 先兆 (xiānzhào)
• 兆頭／兆头 (zhàotou)
• 前兆 (qiánzhào)
• 彩頭／彩头 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 徵候／征候 (zhēnghòu)
• 徵兆／征兆 (zhēngzhào)
• 徵象／征象 (zhēngxiàng)
• 朕兆 (zhènzhào) (literary)
• 節嵌／节嵌 (Loudi Xiang)
• 萌 (literary)
• 預兆／预兆 (yùzhào)

 

Derived terms

• 倉廩實而知禮節，衣食足而知榮辱／仓廪实而知礼节，衣食足而知荣辱 (cānglǐn shí ér zhī lǐjié, yīshí zú ér zhī róngrǔ)
• 冇衣食
• 有衣食
• 無衣食／无衣食
• 衣食不週／衣食不周
• 衣食之謀／衣食之谋
• 衣食住行 (yīshízhùxíng)
• 衣食客
• 衣食所安
• 衣食業／衣食业
• 衣食無憂／衣食无忧
• 衣食父母 (yīshífùmǔ)
• 衣食稅租／衣食税租
• 衣食者民之本
• 衣食足而知榮辱／衣食足而知荣辱
• 衣食飯／衣食饭
• 衣食飯碗／衣食饭碗
• 食衣食

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (衣食):

• → Japanese: 衣(い)食(しょく) (ishoku); 衣(え)食(じき) (ejiki)
• → Korean: 의식(衣食) (uisik)

Other descendants

• → Tagalog: wisit