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U+592A, 太
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592A

[U+5929]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+592B]

Translingual

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Stroke order
4 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 37, +1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大戈 (KI), four-corner 40030, composition )

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 248, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5834
  • Dae Jaweon: page 505, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 524, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+592A

Chinese

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Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰaːds) : phonetic (OC *daːds, *daːds, big; great) + semantic – excessive, too (much). The phonetic component however points out the concept of "great" (quantity), so it adds part of the meaning. See also the original version of , with the component 大 on top.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

A superlative derivative of (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big”) – be too great, very great, excessive.

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (6)
Final () (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter thajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tʰɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tʰɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tʰɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tʰajH/
Li
Rong
/tʰɑiH/
Wang
Li
/tʰɑiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/tʰɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
taai3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tài
Middle
Chinese
‹ thajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*l̥ˁa[t]-s/
English great

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 1937
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tʰaːds/
Definitions
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  1. too; so (modifying adjectives; often used with (le) at the end of the sentence for emphasis)
      ―  Tài rè le!  ―  It's so hot!
      ―  Bié chī tài duō pài.  ―  Don't eat too much pie.
  2. (usually in negative sentences) very; quite
    舒服 [Taiwanese Mandarin]  ―  Tā bù tài shūfú. [Pinyin]  ―  He's not very well.
  3. most; utmost
  4. highest; greatest
  5. senior; noble
  6. (of relatives of older generations) great-
    [Cantonese]  ―  taai3 gung1 [Jyutping]  ―  great-grandfather
  7. Short for 太湖 (Tàihú, “Lake Tai, a lake in Southern Jiangsu, China”).
  8. Short for 太平洋 (Tàipíngyáng, “Pacific Ocean”).
Synonyms
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See also
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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • tài - when used as 1-character title;
  • tai - when used after 太.
Note: taai3-2 - “Mrs.” when used on its own.
Definitions
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  1. Short for 太太 (tàitai, “wife; Miss; Mrs”).
    [Cantonese]  ―  lei5 taai3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  Mrs. Li
    [Cantonese]  ―  can4 taai3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  Mrs. Chan

Pronunciation 3

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Definitions
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  1. Only used in 太末.

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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See Korean .

Definitions

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  1. (Korean Classical Chinese) soybean
    Synonym: 大豆 (dàdòu)

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“big; large; great; extensive; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (adjective): fat

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ふと) (futo

  1. fatness
  2. a fat person, a fatty
  3. fat-necked shamisen
  4. thick thread
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Prefix

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(ふと) (futo-

  1. added to words describing gods or the emperor or other exalted subjects to denote greatness or excellence
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 17, poem 4031:
      ; text here
      奈加等美乃 敷刀能里⟨等其⟩等 伊比波良倍 安⟨賀⟩布伊能知毛 多我多米尓奈礼
      中臣の 祝詞言 言ひ祓へ 贖ふ命も 誰がために汝れ
      なかとみの ふとのりとごと いひはらへ あかふいのちも たがためになれ
      Nakatomi no / futonoritogoto / iiharae / akau inochi mo / ta ga tame ni nare
      Reciting the Nakatomi's excellent ritual offering, whose [long] life was prayed for? Yours.
  2. added to regular nouns to denote fatness or thickness
    (ふと)(もも)(ふと)(ばし)
    futo-momo, futo-bashi
    the thigh (the thick part of the leg), fat chopsticks (used at New Years)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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The Old Japanese 終止形 (shūshikei, terminal (sentence-final) form) of adjective 太い (futoi, fat, thick, big).[2]

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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(ふとし) (Futoshi

  1. a male given name

Etymology 3

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Derived from the root word (ō, great, big).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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(おお) (Ōおほ (Ofo)?

  1. a surname

Etymology 4

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From Middle Chinese (thajH). Compare modern Mandarin (tài).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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(たい) (tai-

  1. big, fat, great
Usage notes
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  • Only found in compounds.
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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From a colloquial form of in Middle Chinese. Compare the similar corruption in Mandarin ().

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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() (ta-

  1. big, fat, great
Usage notes
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Only found in compounds.

Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource


Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC thajH). The "pollock" sense is supposedly from the surname, after a fisherman.

Hanja

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(eumhun (keul tae))

  1. hanja form? of (large; great; big; excessive) [affix]
  2. hanja form? of [surname]
  3. hanja form? of (pollock) [affix]

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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A Korean graphic abbreviation of Chinese 大豆 (dàdòu, soybean, literally big bean), perhaps attested as early as the eighth century.

Presumably, it was originally used as a logogram for the native Korean word 코ᇰ (Yale: khwòng, “soybean”), without a Sino-Korean reading of its own. At some point—perhaps after the logogramic representation of native Korean words declined following the invention of the hangul alphabet in the 1400s—it became conflated with the visually identical character (large; great) and now shares its Sino-Korean reading, (tae).

Hanja

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(eumhun (kong tae))

  1. hanja form? of (soybean) [affix]

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: Thái

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.