este

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See also: -este, Este, éste, ėste, ešte, esté, and -ește

English

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Noun

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este (usually uncountable, plural estes)

  1. Alternative form of est

Anagrams

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Aragonese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin iste (“that”). Cognate to Spanish este (“this”).

Determiner

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este

  1. this

Asturian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”).

Noun

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este m (plural estes)

  1. east

Catalan

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Latin iste. Cf. Spanish este.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)

  1. (Valencia) this
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Pronoun

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este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)

  1. (Valencia) this (one), (in the plural) these (ones)

See also

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Catalan demonstratives
Grade determiner pronoun locative
1st near aquest, este1 açò2, ço1 ací1
2nd neutral aqueix1, eixe1 això aquí, ahí2
3rd remote aquell allò allà, allí
1) Dialectal, archaic in other dialects
2) Valencian

Corsican

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L'este.

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French est. Cognates include Italian est and Spanish este.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɛste/
  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Noun

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este m (uncountable)

  1. east

References

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  • “este, est” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

Creek

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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este

  1. someone, one

Noun

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este

  1. person

Inflection

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Possessive inflection of este (alienable)
Singular Plural
First person vmeste pomeste
Second person cemeste
Third person emeste

Derived terms

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References

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  • J. B. Martin, M. McKane Mauldrin (2004) A dictionary of Creek/Muscogee, University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 33
  • J. B. Martin (2011) A grammar of Creek (Muscogee), University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 30

Elfdalian

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Noun

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este

  1. indefinite dative singular of est

Finnish

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Etymology

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estää (“to prevent, obstruct”) +‎ -e

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈesteˣ/, [ˈe̞s̠te̞(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -este
  • Hyphenation(key): es‧te

Noun

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este

  1. obstacle, barrier, hindrance, obstruction, impediment
    avioliiton este ― impediment to marriage
  2. (law) impediment, bar, excuse
    pätevä este ― valid impediment
  3. (athletics) hurdle

Declension

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Inflection of este (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative este esteet
genitive esteen esteiden
esteitten
partitive estettä esteitä
illative esteeseen esteisiin
esteihin
singular plural
nominative este esteet
accusative nom. este esteet
gen. esteen
genitive esteen esteiden
esteitten
partitive estettä esteitä
inessive esteessä esteissä
elative esteestä esteistä
illative esteeseen esteisiin
esteihin
adessive esteellä esteillä
ablative esteeltä esteiltä
allative esteelle esteille
essive esteenä esteinä
translative esteeksi esteiksi
abessive esteettä esteittä
instructive — estein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of este (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative esteeni esteeni
accusative nom. esteeni esteeni
gen. esteeni
genitive esteeni esteideni
esteitteni
partitive estettäni esteitäni
inessive esteessäni esteissäni
elative esteestäni esteistäni
illative esteeseeni esteisiini
esteihini
adessive esteelläni esteilläni
ablative esteeltäni esteiltäni
allative esteelleni esteilleni
essive esteenäni esteinäni
translative esteekseni esteikseni
abessive esteettäni esteittäni
instructive — —
comitative — esteineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative esteesi esteesi
accusative nom. esteesi esteesi
gen. esteesi
genitive esteesi esteidesi
esteittesi
partitive estettäsi esteitäsi
inessive esteessäsi esteissäsi
elative esteestäsi esteistäsi
illative esteeseesi esteisiisi
esteihisi
adessive esteelläsi esteilläsi
ablative esteeltäsi esteiltäsi
allative esteellesi esteillesi
essive esteenäsi esteinäsi
translative esteeksesi esteiksesi
abessive esteettäsi esteittäsi
instructive — —
comitative — esteinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative esteemme esteemme
accusative nom. esteemme esteemme
gen. esteemme
genitive esteemme esteidemme
esteittemme
partitive estettämme esteitämme
inessive esteessämme esteissämme
elative esteestämme esteistämme
illative esteeseemme esteisiimme
esteihimme
adessive esteellämme esteillämme
ablative esteeltämme esteiltämme
allative esteellemme esteillemme
essive esteenämme esteinämme
translative esteeksemme esteiksemme
abessive esteettämme esteittämme
instructive — —
comitative — esteinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative esteenne esteenne
accusative nom. esteenne esteenne
gen. esteenne
genitive esteenne esteidenne
esteittenne
partitive estettänne esteitänne
inessive esteessänne esteissänne
elative esteestänne esteistänne
illative esteeseenne esteisiinne
esteihinne
adessive esteellänne esteillänne
ablative esteeltänne esteiltänne
allative esteellenne esteillenne
essive esteenänne esteinänne
translative esteeksenne esteiksenne
abessive esteettänne esteittänne
instructive — —
comitative — esteinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative esteensä esteensä
accusative nom. esteensä esteensä
gen. esteensä
genitive esteensä esteidensä
esteittensä
partitive estettään
estettänsä 		esteitään
esteitänsä
inessive esteessään
esteessänsä 		esteissään
esteissänsä
elative esteestään
esteestänsä 		esteistään
esteistänsä
illative esteeseensä esteisiinsä
esteihinsä
adessive esteellään
esteellänsä 		esteillään
esteillänsä
ablative esteeltään
esteeltänsä 		esteiltään
esteiltänsä
allative esteelleen
esteellensä 		esteilleen
esteillensä
essive esteenään
esteenänsä 		esteinään
esteinänsä
translative esteekseen
esteeksensä 		esteikseen
esteiksensä
abessive esteettään
esteettänsä 		esteittään
esteittänsä
instructive — —
comitative — esteineen
esteinensä

Derived terms

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adjectives
compounds
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese este, from Latin iste.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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este m (feminine singular esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto)

  1. this
    Este libro é meu ― This book is mine

References

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Further reading

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Hungarian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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The adverb sense is from the former est (“evening”) +‎ -vel (“with”) (a derivation similar to reggel or tavasszal). First the final -l wore off and the adverb estve (“in the evening”) was used for a long time[1] (still in use today in dialects), later the -v was dropped. The noun sense became independent from the compound word napeste (“sunset”, literally “the fall of the sun”). The noun est is from the es- stem of the verb esik (“to fall”) +‎ -t (noun-forming suffix). The es- stem is from Proto-Uralic *ećɜ- (“to fall”).[2][3]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈɛʃtɛ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: es‧te
  • Rhymes: -tɛ

Adverb

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este (not comparable)

  1. in the evening (from approximately 6 p.m. until going to bed; depends on working hours, daylight length, etc.)

Usage notes

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Adverbs of temporal nouns     (see also: Appendix:Hungarian words of time)
no suffix (the noun
can act as an adverb)		 nappal (“daytime”), reggel (“early morning”), délelőtt (“late morning”), délután (“afternoon”), este (“evening”), éjjel / éjszaka (“night”), and vasárnap (“Sunday”)
-kor (“at”) pirkadat / virradat (“dawn”), napkelte (“sunrise”), napnyugta (“sunset”), alkonyat (“dusk”), szürkület (“twilight”), éjfél (“midnight”), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét (“Easter”) etc.)
-ban/-ben (“in”) dél (“noon”), hajnal (“daybreak”), names of months (január–december) and hónap (“month”), évszak (“season”), év (“year”) and specific years, évtized (“decade”) and longer periods
-n/-on/-en/-ön (“on”) days of the week (hétfő–szombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje (“1st”), másodika (“2nd”) etc.), nap (“day”), hét (“week”), nyár (“summer”), and tél (“winter”)
-val/-vel (“with”, assimilated: -szal/-szel) tavasz (“spring”), ősz (“autumn, fall”)

Noun

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este (plural esték)

  1. evening
    Synonym: (currently used in a narrower sense) est

Declension

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For the terminative, estig is the most common form.

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative este esték
accusative estét estéket
dative estének estéknek
instrumental estével estékkel
causal-final estéért estékért
translative estévé estékké
terminative estéig estékig
essive-formal esteként estékként
essive-modal — —
inessive estében estékben
superessive estén estéken
adessive esténél estéknél
illative estébe estékbe
sublative estére estékre
allative estéhez estékhez
elative estéből estékből
delative estéről estékről
ablative estétől estéktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		estéé estéké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		estééi estékéi
Possessive forms of este
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. estém estéim
2nd person sing. estéd estéid
3rd person sing. estéje estéi
1st person plural esténk estéink
2nd person plural estétek estéitek
3rd person plural estéjük estéik

Derived terms

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Compound words
Expressions

Noun

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este

  1. the fall (of someone or something)
    Synonyms: esése, dőlése
  2. (poetic) the downfall (of someone or something)

Declension

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It most commonly occurs today in the form estében (“as he/she/it falls/fell”).

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative este —
accusative estét —
dative estének —
instrumental estével —
causal-final estéért —
translative estévé —
terminative estéig —
essive-formal esteként —
essive-modal — —
inessive estében —
superessive estén —
adessive esténél —
illative estébe —
sublative estére —
allative estéhez —
elative estéből —
delative estéről —
ablative estétől —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		estéé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		estééi —
Possessive forms of este
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. estem —
2nd person sing. ested —
3rd person sing. este —
1st person plural estünk —
2nd person plural estetek —
3rd person plural estük —

References

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  1. ^ Compare Az estve (’The Evening’) by Mihály Csokonai (1794), with English translation
  2. ^ este in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  3. ^ est in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

Further reading

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  • (evening): este in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • ([down]fall [of something]): este in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • este in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Latin

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Etymology 1

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Form of the verb edō (“I eat”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ēste

  1. second-person plural present active imperative of edō

Etymology 2

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Form of the verb sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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este

  1. second-person plural present active imperative of sum

Livvi

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Finnish este.

Noun

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este (genitive estien, partitive estettu)

  1. obstacle

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English ēst, from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɛːst(ə)/, /ˈeːst(ə)/

Noun

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este (plural estes or esten)

  1. grace, est, favour
  2. pleasure, enjoyment, fun
  3. delicacy, delicious food
Descendants
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  • English: est, este (obsolete)
References
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Adjective

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este

  1. good, pleasant
References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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este

  1. Alternative form of heste (“directive”)

Mirandese

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Etymology

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From Latin iste.

Pronoun

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este m (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)

  1. this

Synonyms

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See also

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Mirandese demonstratives (edit)
Pronouns Adverbs
Singular Plural Neuter
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Proximal X este, aqueste esta, aquesta estes, aquestes estas, aquestas isto, aquisto eiqui, acá
de + X deste, daqueste desta, daquesta destes, daquestes destas, daquestas disto, daquisto deiqui
an + X neste, naqueste nesta, naquesta nestes, naquestes nestas, naquestas nisto, naquisto —
Medial X esse, aquesse essa, aquessa esses, aquesses essas, aquessas isso, aquisso alhi, eilhi
de + X desse, daquesse dessa, daquessa desses, daquesses dessas, daquessas disso, daquisso dalhi, deilhi
an + X nesse, naquesse nessa, naquessa nesses, naquesses nessas, naquessas nisso, naquisso —
Distal X aquel aqueilha aqueilhes aqueilhas aqueilho, aquilho alhi, alhá
de + X daquel daqueilha daqueilhes daqueilhas daqueilho, daquilho dalhi, dalhá
an + X naquel naqueilha naqueilhes naqueilhas naqueilho, naquilho —

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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ēste

  1. inflection of ēst:
    1. dative/genitive singular
    2. nominative plural
    3. accusative singular/plural

Portuguese

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from French est,[1][2] from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”).

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Noun

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este m (uncountable)

  1. east (one of the four principal compass points)
    Synonyms: leste, nascente, oriente
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

Coordinate terms
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noroeste norte nordeste
oeste
poente
ocidente 		leste
este
nascente
oriente
sudoeste sul sudeste


Adjective

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este m or f (plural estes)

  1. eastern (of, situated in, or coming from the east)
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Galician-Portuguese este (displacing collateral form aqueste), from Latin iste.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Determiner

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este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)

  1. this (indicates something or someone nearby)
  2. that (indicates something or someone just mentioned)
  3. this (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
  4. (of a unit of time) this (which is current)

Pronoun

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este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto) (definite demonstrative pronoun)

  1. this one (indicates something or someone nearby)
  2. this one (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
  3. (of a unit of time) this (which is current)
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

See also
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Portuguese demonstratives (edit)
Pronouns Adverbs
Singular Plural Neuter
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Proximal X este esta estes estas isto aqui, cá
de + X deste desta destes destas disto daqui
em + X neste nesta nestes nestas nisto —
Medial X esse essa esses essas isso aí
de + X desse dessa desses dessas disso daí
em + X nesse nessa nesses nessas nisso —
Distal X aquele aquela aqueles aquelas aquilo ali, lá, acolá
de + X daquele daquela daqueles daquelas daquilo dali
em + X naquele naquela naqueles naquelas naquilo —
a + X àquele àquela àqueles àquelas àquilo
Anaphoric X o a os as — —
de + X do da dos das
em + X no na nos nas
a + X ao à aos às

References

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  1. ^ “este”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
  2. ^ “este”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Romanian

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Alternative forms

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  • есте (Post-1930s (Moldavian) Cyrillic spelling)

Etymology

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From Latin est with an epenthetic vowel, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Its similarity to Serbo-Croatian jeste is partially a coincidence.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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este

  1. third-person singular present indicative of fi: he/she is
    Ea este o femeie foarte frumoasă.
    She is a very beautiful woman.

Synonyms

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Spanish

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Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈeste/ [ˈes.t̪e]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -este
  • Syllabification: es‧te

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Latin iste.

Determiner

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este m sg (feminine esta, masculine plural estos, feminine plural estas)

  1. this

Pronoun

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este m sg (demonstrative, feminine esta, neuter esto, feminine plural estas, masculine plural estos, neuter plural estos)

  1. Alternative spelling of éste
Usage notes
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  • The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.
Coordinate terms
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Derived terms
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See also
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Spanish personal pronouns
nominative dative accusative disjunctive
first person singular yo me mí1
plural masculine2 nosotros nos nosotros
feminine nosotras nosotras
second person singular tuteo tú te ti1
voseo vos vos
formal3 usted le, se4 lo/la5 usted
plural familiar6 masculine2 vosotros os vosotros
feminine vosotras vosotras
formal/general3 ustedes les, se4 los/las5 ustedes
third person singular masculine2 él le, se4 lo él
feminine ella la ella
neuter ello7 lo ello
plural masculine2 ellos les, se4 los ellos
feminine ellas las ellas
reflexive — se sí1
  1. Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
  2. Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
  3. Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
  4. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
  5. Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
  6. Used primarily in Spain
  7. Used only in rare circumstances

Interjection

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este

  1. uh, well (space filler in a conversation)

Etymology 2

[edit]
Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”), therefore related to English east and Spanish Austria.

Noun

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este m (uncountable)

  1. east
    Synonym: oriente
    Antonyms: oeste, occidente
Coordinate terms
[edit]
noroeste norte noreste
oeste este
suroeste sur sureste


See also

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Tagalog

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Spanish este (“uh; um”, interjection/filler).

Particle

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este (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)

  1. I mean
    Pupunta ako sa panaderya, este, restawran.
    I am going to the bakery, I mean, the restaurant.
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish este (“east”).

Noun

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este (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)

  1. (uncommon) east (compass point)
    Synonyms: silangan, oryente
    • 1985, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Mga tula at tilamsik ng diwa:
      At, sa angkan naman ng ating First Lady, si Kokoy, na siyang governor ng Leyte, Ay embahador pa sa lahat ng parte - Sa este't oeste, sa sur at sa norte!
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Coordinate terms
[edit]
hilagang kanluran
norweste 		hilaga
norte 		hilagang silangan
nordeste
oksidente
kanluran
oeste 		oryente
silangan
este
salatan
timog-kanluran 		sur
timog 		timog-silangan
Derived terms
[edit]
[edit]

Further reading

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  • “este”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Vietnamese

[edit]
Vietnamese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia vi
Công thức cấu tạo tổng quát của este.

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from French ester.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔɛt̚˧˦ stɛ˧˧], [ʔɛt̚˧˦ tɛ˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ stɛ˧˧], [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ tɛ˧˧]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʔɛk̚˦˥ stɛ˧˧], [ʔɛk̚˦˥ tɛ˧˧]
  • Phonetic spelling: ét xte, ét te

Noun

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este

  1. (organic chemistry) an ester

Zazaki

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Etymology

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Related to Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi) (asthi)

Noun

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este

  1. bone
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