-τικός

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Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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    From -σις (-sis, verbal noun suffix) or -τος (-tos, verbal adjective suffix) +‎ -κός (-kós, adjective suffix), occurring in some original cases and later used freely by metanalysis.

    Pronunciation

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    Suffix

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    -τῐκός (-tikósm (feminine -τῐκή, neuter -τῐκόν); first/second declension

    1. Added to verbal stems to form adjectives: relating to, suited to, skilled in, able to, -ive
      ποιέω (poiéō, to make) + ‎-τικός (-tikós) → ‎ποιητικός (poiētikós, creative)
    2. Added to other stems to form adjectives, particularly those ending in vowels
      ἔξω (éxō, outside) + ‎-τικός (-tikós) → ‎ἐξωτικός (exōtikós, foreign)
      ναυ-ς (nau-s, ship) + ‎-τικός (-tikós) → ‎ναυτικός (nautikós, seafaring)

    Usage notes

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    Certain sound changes happen before the suffix, as before other derivational or inflectional suffixes beginning in τ (t). Labial stops β, π, φ (b, p, ph) become π (p), dental stops δ, θ, τ (d, th, t) become σ (s), velar stops γ, κ, χ (g, k, kh) become κ (k).

    Contracted verbs, which have stems ending in a vowel, use the long form of the vowel – this happens, for instance, in the example above: ποιέ (poié)ποιη-τικός (poiē-tikós).

    Declension

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    Derived terms

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    References

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    • Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858