καθαρτικός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κᾰθαίρω (kăthaírō, “to cleanse, to purify”) +‎ -τῐκός (-tĭkós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.tʰar.ti.kós/ → /ka.θar.tiˈkos/ → /ka.θar.tiˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.tʰar.ti.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.tʰar.tiˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.θar.tiˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.θar.tiˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.θar.tiˈkos/

Adjective

κᾰθᾰρτῐκός • (kăthărtĭkós) m (feminine κᾰθᾰρτῐκή, neuter κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν); first/second declension

1. of or fit for cleansing or purifying
2. (medicine) promoting catharsis, purgative

Inflection

First and second declension of κᾰθᾰρτῐκός; κᾰθᾰρτῐκή; κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κᾰθᾰρτῐκός kăthărtĭkós	κᾰθᾰρτῐκή kăthărtĭkḗ	κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν kăthărtĭkón		κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ kăthărtĭkṓ	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ kăthărtĭkā́	κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ kăthărtĭkṓ		κᾰθᾰρτῐκοί kăthărtĭkoí	κᾰθᾰρτῐκαί kăthărtĭkaí	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾰ́ kăthărtĭkắ
Genitive		κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῦ kăthărtĭkoû	κᾰθᾰρτῐκῆς kăthărtĭkês	κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῦ kăthărtĭkoû		κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν kăthărtĭkoîn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκαῖν kăthărtĭkaîn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν kăthărtĭkoîn		κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶν kăthărtĭkôn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶν kăthărtĭkôn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶν kăthărtĭkôn
Dative		κᾰθᾰρτῐκῷ kăthărtĭkôi	κᾰθᾰρτῐκῇ kăthărtĭkêi	κᾰθᾰρτῐκῷ kăthărtĭkôi		κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν kăthărtĭkoîn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκαῖν kăthărtĭkaîn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν kăthărtĭkoîn		κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖς kăthărtĭkoîs	κᾰθᾰρτῐκαῖς kăthărtĭkaîs	κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖς kăthărtĭkoîs
Accusative		κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν kăthărtĭkón	κᾰθᾰρτῐκήν kăthărtĭkḗn	κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν kăthărtĭkón		κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ kăthărtĭkṓ	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ kăthărtĭkā́	κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ kăthărtĭkṓ		κᾰθᾰρτῐκούς kăthărtĭkoús	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ς kăthărtĭkā́s	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾰ́ kăthărtĭkắ
Vocative		κᾰθᾰρτῐκέ kăthărtĭké	κᾰθᾰρτῐκή kăthărtĭkḗ	κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν kăthărtĭkón		κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ kăthărtĭkṓ	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ kăthărtĭkā́	κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ kăthărtĭkṓ		κᾰθᾰρτῐκοί kăthărtĭkoí	κᾰθᾰρτῐκαί kăthărtĭkaí	κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾰ́ kăthărtĭkắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶς kăthărtĭkôs				κᾰθᾰρτῐκώτερος kăthărtĭkṓteros				κᾰθᾰρτῐκώτᾰτος kăthărtĭkṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: καθαρτικός (kathartikós)
• → New Latin: catharticus (learned)
  • → English: cathartic (learned)
  • → French: cathartique (learned)
    • → Romanian: cathartic
  • → German: kathartisch (learned)
    • → Hungarian: katartikus
  • → Italian: catartico (learned)
  • → Portuguese: catártico (learned)
  • → Spanish: catártico (learned)

Further reading

• “καθαρτικός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “καθαρτικός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• καθαρτικός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • cleansing idem, page 136.
  • lustral idem, page 505.
  • purgative idem, page 658.
  • purifying idem, page 658.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek καθαρτικός (kathartikós).

Adjective

καθαρτικός • (kathartikós) m (feminine καθαρτική, neuter καθαρτικό)

1. cleansing
2. laxative

Declension

Declension of καθαρτικός

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	καθαρτικός (kathartikós)	καθαρτική (kathartikí)	καθαρτικό (kathartikó)		καθαρτικοί (kathartikoí)	καθαρτικές (kathartikés)	καθαρτικά (kathartiká)
genitive	καθαρτικού (kathartikoú)	καθαρτικής (kathartikís)	καθαρτικού (kathartikoú)		καθαρτικών (kathartikón)	καθαρτικών (kathartikón)	καθαρτικών (kathartikón)
accusative	καθαρτικό (kathartikó)	καθαρτική (kathartikí)	καθαρτικό (kathartikó)		καθαρτικούς (kathartikoús)	καθαρτικές (kathartikés)	καθαρτικά (kathartiká)
vocative	καθαρτικέ (kathartiké)	καθαρτική (kathartikí)	καθαρτικό (kathartikó)		καθαρτικοί (kathartikoí)	καθαρτικές (kathartikés)	καθαρτικά (kathartiká)

Related terms

• see: καθαρός (katharós, “clean, pure”)