test
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /tɛst/, [tʰɛst]
Audio (Received Pronunciation); “a test”: (file) Audio (General American): (file) - (New Zealand, General South African) IPA(key): [tʰest]
- Rhymes: -ɛst
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English test, teste, from Old French test, teste (“an earthen vessel, especially a pot in which metals were tried”), from Latin testum (“the lid of an earthen vessel, an earthen vessel, an earthen pot”), from *terstus, past participle of the root *tersa (“dry land”). See terra, thirst. The examination sense came via metaphor of the metallurgical sense - the way a metallurgist puts to the test their gold, a teacher may put to the test their students' knowledge.
Noun
[edit]test (plural tests)
- A challenge, trial.
- 2012 March-April, Colin Allen, “Do I See What You See?”, in American Scientist[1], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 26 April 2012, page 168:
- Numerous experimental tests and other observations have been offered in favor of animal mind reading, and although many scientists are skeptical, others assert that humans are not the only species capable of representing what others do and don’t perceive and know.
- A cupel or cupelling hearth in which precious metals are melted for trial and refinement.
- (academia) An examination, given often during the academic term.
- A session in which a product, piece of equipment, or system is examined under everyday or extreme conditions to evaluate its durability, etc.
- 1986, "Weird Al" Yankovic (lyrics and music), “Christmas at Ground Zero”, in Polka Party![2]:
- It's Christmas at ground zero / The button has been pressed / The radio / Just let us know / That this is not a test
- (cricket, normally "Test") A Test match.
- (marine biology) The external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm, e.g. sand dollars and sea urchins.
Two sea urchin tests - (botany) Testa; seed coat.
- (obsolete) Judgment; distinction; discrimination.
- 1675, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe: A Tragedy. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1676, →OCLC, (please specify the page number):
- Who would excel, when few can make a test / Betwixt indifferent writing and the best?
Synonyms
[edit]- (challenge, trial): See Thesaurus:test
- (academics: examination): examination, quiz
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “academics: examination”): recess
Hyponyms
[edit]Hyponyms of test
- acid test
- Anderson-Darling test
- babysitter test
- Benedict's test
- blood test
- cock's comb test
- duck test
- elephant test
- field test
- fine-tooth comb test
- flame test
- inkblot test
- level test
- litmus test
- Martindale rub test
- Martindale test
- multiple-choice test
- nose test
- Rorschach test
- single-choice test
- smell test
- smoke test
- sniff test
- soap test
- software test
- spin prime test
- static test
- stress test
Derived terms
[edit]- A/B test
- Abel test
- acceptance test
- air puff test
- alpha test
- alternating series test
- Becchi's test
- Bechdel test
- beep test
- Beilstein test
- bench test
- beta test
- bleeding time test
- bleep test
- blind test
- Blockburger test
- blot test
- borax bead test
- Bourne test
- brake test
- breath test
- brown bag test
- brown paper bag test
- central location test
- Charpy impact test
- chi-square test
- comb test
- Coombs test
- Cooper test
- copy test
- crash test
- crash test dummy
- day-after recall test
- device under test
- Dick test
- diehard test
- dielectric withstand test
- Dix-Hallpike test
- DNA test
- double-blind test
- Draize test
- driving test
- drug test
- DUT
- elk test
- emissions test
- eye test
- field sobriety test
- field-test
- final test
- flash test
- flood test
- fluorine test
- foretest
- Friedman test
- fuzz test
- Griess test
- Grubbs' test
- Guthrie test
- hall test
- Heaf test
- high-test
- high-test peroxide
- hit test
- hole-board test
- hot iron test
- Howey test
- ignition tube test
- Ishihara test
- Izod test
- Kesternich test
- Knoop test
- KPSS test
- Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test
- Lachman test
- lateral flow test
- Lemon test
- limit comparison test
- liver function test
- Lüscher test
- Mako Mori test
- Mann-Whitney U test
- Mantoux test
- Marechal-Rosin test
- Marechal's test
- maternity test
- means test
- means-test
- Miller test
- mirror test
- Molisch's test
- mom test
- Montenegro test
- Mooney face test
- moose test
- Mullen test
- Mull of Kintyre test
- Murphy's test
- nerdity test
- nonstress test
- nucleic acid test
- oil test
- open-field test
- oral test
- oscillating wave test system
- Palko test
- Papanicolaou test
- paper bag test
- Pap test
- pap test
- paraffin test
- patch test
- paternity test
- pencil test
- penetration test
- pen test
- perfect gold standard test
- placement test
- platelet function test
- poppy seed test
- postcoital test
- Potter Stewart test
- precipitin test
- pregnancy test
- pre-test
- prick test
- pub test
- pulmonary function test
- purity test
- put to the test
- rabbit test
- rape test kit
- rapid antigen test
- RAT test
- red face test
- reverse Turing test
- Rinne test
- road test
- road-test
- Rogers test
- Rorschach inkblot test
- saliva test
- Sally-Anne test
- salt spray test
- sanity test
- Schamroth's test
- Schick test
- Schwabach test
- screen test
- self-test
- sequential probability ratio test
- shit test
- shovel test
- Sims test
- sitting-rising test
- smear test
- Snellen test
- soak test
- Sobel test
- spark test
- speaking test
- split test
- spot test
- stand the test of time
- straight face test
- straight-face test
- Stroop test
- Student's t test
- Student's t-test
- sub-test
- surprise test paradox
- Szondi test
- Tan Delta test
- taste-test
- teach to the test
- Tecumseh step test
- test and trace
- test bed
- test bench
- test card
- test case
- test cross
- test data
- test depth
- test double
- test drive
- test-drive
- test-driven development
- tester
- test-fire
- test firing
- test flight
- test-fly
- test harness
- test match
- test mule
- test of time
- test-paper
- test paper
- test pattern
- test pilot
- test portion
- test pressing
- test-retest method
- test run
- test site
- test someone's patience
- test subject
- test suite
- test-taker
- test track
- test tube
- test-tube baby
- test tube baby
- Thomas test
- tilt table test
- time test
- tine test
- torture-test
- Tower of London test
- trade test
- transfer test
- triangle test
- triple test
- t test
- t-test
- Tukey's honest significance test
- Tukey's range test
- Tukey's test
- Turing test
- unit test
- Wada test
- Wald test
- Wassermann test
- Weber test
- white glove test
- white-glove test
- Widal test
- Winkler test
- Winogradsky test
- z-test
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: test
- → Catalan: test
- → Czech: test
- → Danish: test
- → Dutch: test
- → Finnish: testi
- → French: test
- → German: Test
- → Hungarian: teszt
- → Italian: test
- → Japanese: テスト (tesuto)
- → Korean: 테스트 (teseuteu)
- → Macedonian: тест (test)
- → Norwegian: test
- → Persian: تست (test)
- → Polish: test
- → Portuguese: teste
- → Romanian: test
- → Russian: тест (test)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Slovene: test
- → Spanish: test
- → Swedish: test
- → Turkish: test
- → Ukrainian: тест (test)
Translations
[edit]challenge, trial
|
academics: examination
|
product examination
|
cricket: test game
|
external calciferous shell
Verb
[edit]test (third-person singular simple present tests, present participle testing, simple past and past participle tested)
- To challenge, to put a strain on (something).
- Climbing the mountain tested our stamina.
- To refine (gold, silver, etc.) in a test or cupel; to subject to cupellation.
- To put to the proof; to prove the truth, genuineness, or quality of by experiment, or by some principle or standard; to try.
- to test the soundness of a principle
- to test the validity of an argument
- September 17, 1796, George Washington, Farewell Address
- Experience is the surest standard by which to test the real tendency of the existing constitution.
- (academics) To administer or assign an examination, often given during the academic term, to (somebody).
- To place a product or piece of equipment under everyday and/or extreme conditions and examine it for its durability, etc.
- 2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist[3], volume 101, number 3, archived from the original on 24 April 2013, page 200:
- Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems– […]. Such a slow-release device containing angiogenic factors could be placed on the pia mater covering the cerebral cortex and tested in persons with senile dementia in long term studies.
- (copulative) To be shown to be by test.
- He tested positive for cancer.
- 2015, Leta Stetter Hollingworth, Harry Levi Hollingworth, Children Above 180 IQ Stanford-Binet: Origin and Development:
- It is probable that children who test above 180 IQ are actually present in our juvenile population in greater frequency than at the rate of one in a million.
- (chemistry) To examine or try, as by the use of some reagent.
- to test a solution by litmus paper
- (intransitive, transitive, slang) To challenge (someone) to a fight.
- 2018, U-God [Lamont Hawkins], Raw: My Journey Into the Wu-Tang, New York, N.Y.: Picador, →ISBN, page 31:
- Back then, you couldn't rock any type of jewelry just like that, because someone was going to test you or rob you. If you were wearing a chain, you had to be someone who was known for shooting or cutting or knocking dudes the fuck out. And someone who didn’t know you may still try and test, so you couldn't really rely on your rep to save you every time.
- 2023 November 6, “Guapi” (1:44 from the start)[4]performed by YoungBoy Never Broke Again:
- I'm feelin' special, I might fly her out to LA, yeah / I got my weapon, it turn violent if you test me, yeah
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of test
| infinitive | (to) test | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | test | tested | |
| 2nd-person singular | test, testest† | tested, testedst† | |
| 3rd-person singular | tests, testeth† | tested | |
| plural | test | ||
| subjunctive | test | tested | |
| imperative | test | — | |
| participles | testing | tested | |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- German: testen
Translations
[edit]to challenge
|
to administer an examination during the academic term
|
to place a product or piece of equipment under everyday and/or extreme conditions
|
to be shown to be by test
to put to the proof
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
|
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle English teste, from Old French teste, test and Latin testis (“one who attests, a witness”).
Noun
[edit]test (plural tests)
- (obsolete) A witness.
- 1523-1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Froissart's Chronicles
- Prelates and great lords of England, who were for the more surety tests of that deed.
- 1523-1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Froissart's Chronicles
Verb
[edit]test (third-person singular simple present tests, present participle testing, simple past and past participle tested)
- (obsolete, transitive) To attest (a document) legally, and date it.
- (obsolete, intransitive) To make a testament, or will.
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]test (uncountable)
- (informal, slang, bodybuilding) Clipping of testosterone.
Further reading
[edit]- “test”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “test”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Anagrams
[edit]Breton
[edit]Noun
[edit]test
Catalan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Latin testum (“earthenware pot”), from testa (“piece of burnt clay”). Cognate with Spanish tiesto.
Noun
[edit]test m (plural testos)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (plural tests)
- test (exam or challenge)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “test” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “test”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m inan
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “test”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “test”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “test”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test c (singular definite testen, plural indefinite tests)
- A test, assessment or examination.
Declension
[edit]Declension of test
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “test” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (plural testen or tests, diminutive testje n)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Indonesian: tes
Verb
[edit]test
- inflection of testen:
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Dutch test, from Old French test, from Latin testum, from testa.
Noun
[edit]test m (plural testen or tests, diminutive testje n)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: tessie
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old French test, from Latin testum. The orthography of this form reflects semi-learned influence; compare the doublet têt.
Noun
[edit]test m (plural tests)
- test, a cupel or cupelling hearth in which precious metals are melted for trial and refinement
- (marine biology) test, the external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from English test, itself from the same Old French test as above.
Noun
[edit]test m (plural tests)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “test”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Of unknown origin.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test (plural testek)
Declension
[edit]| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | test | testek |
| accusative | testet | testeket |
| dative | testnek | testeknek |
| instrumental | testtel | testekkel |
| causal-final | testért | testekért |
| translative | testté | testekké |
| terminative | testig | testekig |
| essive-formal | testként | testekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | testben | testekben |
| superessive | testen | testeken |
| adessive | testnél | testeknél |
| illative | testbe | testekbe |
| sublative | testre | testekre |
| allative | testhez | testekhez |
| elative | testből | testekből |
| delative | testről | testekről |
| ablative | testtől | testektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
testé | testeké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
testéi | testekéi |
| Possessive forms of test | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | testem | testeim |
| 2nd person sing. | tested | testeid |
| 3rd person sing. | teste | testei |
| 1st person plural | testünk | testeink |
| 2nd person plural | testetek | testeitek |
| 3rd person plural | testük | testeik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
Expressions
References
[edit]- ^ test in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- test in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from English test.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (invariable)
Ladin
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (plural [please provide])
Latvian
[edit]Verb
[edit]test (?? missing information, ?? conjugation, present ??, past ??)
- to beat
- to knock about
- to flog
Maltese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English test, ultimately from Latin testum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (plural testijiet)
- test (examination)
- Għamluli test tad-droga. ― They did a drug test on me.
Related terms
[edit]Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (definite singular testen, indefinite plural tester, definite plural testene)
- a test
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]test
- imperative of teste
References
[edit]- “test” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (definite singular testen, indefinite plural testar, definite plural testane)
- a test
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “test” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]test oblique singular, m (oblique plural tez or tetz, nominative singular tez or tetz, nominative plural test)
- (uncountable) clay
- (countable) a pot, usually made out of clay
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (test)
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English test, from Middle English test, teste, from Old French test, teste, from Latin testum, from *terstus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m inan
- (education) examination, exam, test (formal test)
- Synonyms: egzamin, sprawdzian
Declension
[edit]Declension of test
Further reading
[edit]- test in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- test in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]test n (plural teste)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
| nominative-accusative | test | testul | teste | testele | |
| genitive-dative | test | testului | teste | testelor | |
| vocative | testule | testelor | |||
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]tȅst m (Cyrillic spelling те̏ст)
Declension
[edit]Declension of test
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test m (plural test)
- test
- Synonym: prueba
- multiple-choice test, multiple-choice question
- Synonyms: (Spain) examen tipo test, examen de opción múltiple
Usage notes
[edit]- The plural form tests is nonstandard.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “test”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
- tests | Definición | Diccionario de la lengua española | RAE - ASALE
Swedish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]test c or n
- a test, an examination, a trial
- a test, an attempt, an experiment
Declension
[edit]Declension of test
Declension of test
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]test c
- a tuft or lock of hair
Declension
[edit]| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | test | tests |
| definite | testen | testens | |
| plural | indefinite | testar | testars |
| definite | testarna | testarnas |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- test in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
- test in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]test (definite accusative testi, plural testler)
- test
- An exam consisting of multiple-choice questions with 3, 4 or 5 choices, labeled a through e.
Declension
[edit]| Inflection | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | test | |
| Definite accusative | testi | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | test | testler |
| Definite accusative | testi | testleri |
| Dative | teste | testlere |
| Locative | testte | testlerde |
| Ablative | testten | testlerden |
| Genitive | testin | testlerin |
Derived terms
[edit]Categories:
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɛst
- Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ters-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Cricket
- en:Marine biology
- en:Botany
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English verbs
- English terms with usage examples
- English copulative verbs
- en:Chemistry
- English intransitive verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English slang
- English uncountable nouns
- English informal terms
- en:Bodybuilding
- English clippings
- Breton lemmas
- Breton nouns
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- Catalan terms borrowed from English
- Catalan terms derived from English
- ca:Containers
- ca:Education
- Czech terms borrowed from English
- Czech terms derived from English
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech terms with collocations
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- Danish terms borrowed from English
- Danish terms derived from English
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛst
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛst/1 syllable
- Dutch terms borrowed from English
- Dutch terms derived from English
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old French
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms derived from Latin
- French doublets
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Marine biology
- French terms borrowed from English
- French terms derived from English
- Hungarian terms with unknown etymologies
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- hu:Anatomy
- hu:Geometry
- hu:Algebra
- Italian terms borrowed from English
- Italian unadapted borrowings from English
- Italian terms derived from English
- Italian 1-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɛst
- Rhymes:Italian/ɛst/1 syllable
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- Ladin lemmas
- Ladin nouns
- Ladin masculine nouns
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian verbs
- Maltese terms borrowed from English
- Maltese terms derived from English
- Maltese terms derived from Latin
- Maltese 1-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese nouns
- Maltese masculine nouns
- Maltese terms with usage examples
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from English
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from English
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French nouns
- Old French masculine nouns
- Old French uncountable nouns
- Old French countable nouns
- Polish terms borrowed from English
- Polish terms derived from English
- Polish terms derived from Middle English
- Polish terms derived from Old French
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛst
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛst/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Education
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Spanish terms borrowed from English
- Spanish terms derived from English
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/est
- Rhymes:Spanish/est/1 syllable
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Swedish terms borrowed from English
- Swedish terms derived from English
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- Swedish nouns with multiple genders
- Turkish terms derived from English
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns