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族

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
族 U+65CF, 族
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65CF
← 旎
[U+65CE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 旐 →
[U+65D0]

Translingual

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Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character

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族 (Kangxi radical 70, 方+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人人大 (YSOOK), four-corner 08234, composition ⿸𭤨矢)

Derived characters

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Further reading

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 484, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13661
  • Dae Jaweon: page 846, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2181, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+65CF

Chinese

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trad. 族
simp. # 族
alternative forms
㞺
𥎩
𥎼
𥎽
𥏁
㞺
𥎩
𥎼
𥎽
𥏁
𫞀
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 族
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (族) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蔟 *sʰoːɡs, *sʰoːɡ
嗾 *sʰoːɡs, *soːʔ, *soːɡs
鷟 *zroːɡ
鏃 *ʔsoːɡ
瘯 *sʰoːɡ
簇 *sʰoːɡ
族 *zoːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 㫃 (“flag”) + 矢 (“arrow”).

Pronunciation 1

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 族
Mandarin Beijing /t͡su³⁵/
Harbin /t͡su²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡su⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡su⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡su⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡su⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sou²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰu¹³/
/t͡su¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡sʰu¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰu⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰəu²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/
/t͡sʰu³¹/
/t͡ɕʰy³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡sʰu³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡sʰuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰuəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡suəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /zoʔ¹/
Suzhou /zoʔ³/
Hangzhou /zoʔ²/
Wenzhou /jɤu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰu²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰəu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sok̚²/
Nanning /t͡suk̚²²/
Hong Kong /t͡suk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡suʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡su⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sok̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tok̚³/
Rime
Character 族
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 屋 (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 昨木切
Baxter dzuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zəwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zuk̚/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zuk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱuk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zuk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 族
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzuwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]ˁok/
English clan

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 族
Reading # 1/1
No. 17980
Phonetic
component 		族
Rime
group 		屋
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		族
Old
Chinese 		/*zoːɡ/
Notes 甲文或從二矢，
象令旗麾矢蔟集，
爲蔟初文，說文訓鏃則與從方二矢脫節

Definitions

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族

  1. clan; family clan; tribe
    宗族  ―  zōngzú  ―  clan
  2. ethnic group; nationality
    民族  ―  mínzú  ―  ethnicity
    藏族  ―  Zàngzú  ―  Tibetans
  3. group or class of things with common features
    啃老族  ―  kěnlǎozú  ―  boomerang kids (literally, “people relying on elderly parents”)
    低頭族／低头族  ―  dītóuzú  ―  smartphone zombie (literally, “people with heads lowered”)
  4. (historical) to impose a death penalty on an offender and his entire family, and even on the families of his mother and wife
  5. (literary) to gather
  6. (Taiwan, specifically) the Taiwanese indigenous peoples
    族語／族语  ―  zúyǔ  ―  tribal languages, specifically Taiwanese indigenous languages

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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族

  1. † Alternative form of 奏 (zòu)

Japanese

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Kanji

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族

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. tribe
  2. family

Readings

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  • Go-on: ぞく (zoku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: そく (soku)
  • On: そう (sō)
  • Kun: やから (yakara, 族)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
族
ぞく
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 族 (MC dzuwk).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

族(ぞく) • (zoku) 

  1. (chemistry) a group (column in the periodic table)
  2. (taxonomy) a tribe
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
族
やから
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 族 – see the following entry.
【やから】
[noun] 族: (etymology, archaic, obsolete) people of the same lineage; family, clan, kin
[noun] (dialectal) dissatisfaction, complaint, or someone who complains or provokes a dispute [from early 17th c.]
Alternative spelling
輩
(This term, 族, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 族 (MC dzuwk).

Recorded as Middle Korean 쪽〮 (Yale: ccwok) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 𫞀/족〮 (cwók) (Yale: cwok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

族 (eumhun 겨레 족 (gyeore jok))

  1. hanja form? of 족 (“clan; tribe; ethnic group”)
  2. hanja form? of 족 (“group or class of things with common features”)
Compounds
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Compounds

Etymology 2

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Hanja

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族 (eumhun 풍류 가락 주 (pungnyu garak ju))

  1. (archaic) hanja form? of 주 (“to perform music”)
  2. Alternative form of 嗾
Synonyms
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  • (to perform music): 奏 (주 (ju))

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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族: Hán Việt readings: tộc (昨(tạc)木(mộc)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
族: Nôm readings: tọc[3][6][4][5][7], tộc[1][2][4][7], sộc[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of tộc (“family name; clan”).
  2. Nôm form of tọc (“only used in certain compounds such as 族脈 (tọc mạch)”).

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Bonet (1899).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^ Hồ (1976).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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