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sine

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sine"

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Sine function

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin sinus (“curve, bend; bosom”), a translation of Arabic جَيْب (jayb, “bosom”), a misidentification of the notation جيب (j-y-b), written without vowel diacritics, standing for Arabic جِيبَ (jība, “sine”), in turn from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “sine, chord, bowstring”) through the similar Sanskrit जीव (jīva, “sine, chord, life, existence”). Doublet of sinus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sine (plural sines)

  1. (trigonometry, mathematics) In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle to the length of the hypotenuse.

Usage notes

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In various branches of mathematics, the sine of an angle is determined in various ways, including the following:

  • The y-coordinate of the point on the unit circle at the given anticlockwise angle from the positive x-axis.
  • The sum of the real or complex power series

         

    where x is in radians.

Synonyms

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Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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See also

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etymologically unrelated multiword terms containing "sine"

Anagrams

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Ainu

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Ainu cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : sine
    Ordinal : sine ikinne

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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sine (Kana spelling シネ)

  1. one

Bikol Central

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish cine, from a clipping of Spanish cinema, a reduction of Spanish cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: si‧ne
  • IPA(key): /ˈsine/ [ˈsi.n̪e]

Noun

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síne

  1. cinema
  2. movie, show
    Synonyms: pelikula, pasali

Derived terms

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Cebuano

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish cine, from Clipping of Spanish cinema, a reduction of Spanish cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: si‧ne

Noun

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sine

  1. film; movie
  2. (dated) cinema; movie theater

Quotations

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Derived terms

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Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /siːnə/, [ˈsiːnə], [ˌsiːnə]

Pronoun

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sine

  1. plural of sin

See also

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Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
Singular First – jeg mig min mit mine
Second modern / informal du dig din dit dine
formal (uncommon) De Dem Deres
Third masculine (person) han ham hans
feminine (person) hun hende hendes
common (noun) den dens
neuter (noun) det dets
indefinite man en ens
reflexive – sig sin sit sine
Plural First modern vi os vores
archaic / formal vor vort vore
Second – I jer jeres
Third – de dem deres
reflexive – sig

Finnish

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Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

Etymology

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sini +‎ -e

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsineˣ/, [ˈs̠ine̞(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ine
  • Hyphenation(key): si‧ne

Noun

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sine

  1. bluing (blue pigment used for coloring clothes when washing)
  2. blueprint (paper-based reproduction usually of a technical drawing)

Declension

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Inflection of sine (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative sine sineet
genitive sineen sineiden
sineitten
partitive sinettä sineitä
illative sineeseen sineisiin
sineihin
singular plural
nominative sine sineet
accusative nom. sine sineet
gen. sineen
genitive sineen sineiden
sineitten
partitive sinettä sineitä
inessive sineessä sineissä
elative sineestä sineistä
illative sineeseen sineisiin
sineihin
adessive sineellä sineillä
ablative sineeltä sineiltä
allative sineelle sineille
essive sineenä sineinä
translative sineeksi sineiksi
abessive sineettä sineittä
instructive — sinein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of sine (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sineeni sineeni
accusative nom. sineeni sineeni
gen. sineeni
genitive sineeni sineideni
sineitteni
partitive sinettäni sineitäni
inessive sineessäni sineissäni
elative sineestäni sineistäni
illative sineeseeni sineisiini
sineihini
adessive sineelläni sineilläni
ablative sineeltäni sineiltäni
allative sineelleni sineilleni
essive sineenäni sineinäni
translative sineekseni sineikseni
abessive sineettäni sineittäni
instructive — —
comitative — sineineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sineesi sineesi
accusative nom. sineesi sineesi
gen. sineesi
genitive sineesi sineidesi
sineittesi
partitive sinettäsi sineitäsi
inessive sineessäsi sineissäsi
elative sineestäsi sineistäsi
illative sineeseesi sineisiisi
sineihisi
adessive sineelläsi sineilläsi
ablative sineeltäsi sineiltäsi
allative sineellesi sineillesi
essive sineenäsi sineinäsi
translative sineeksesi sineiksesi
abessive sineettäsi sineittäsi
instructive — —
comitative — sineinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sineemme sineemme
accusative nom. sineemme sineemme
gen. sineemme
genitive sineemme sineidemme
sineittemme
partitive sinettämme sineitämme
inessive sineessämme sineissämme
elative sineestämme sineistämme
illative sineeseemme sineisiimme
sineihimme
adessive sineellämme sineillämme
ablative sineeltämme sineiltämme
allative sineellemme sineillemme
essive sineenämme sineinämme
translative sineeksemme sineiksemme
abessive sineettämme sineittämme
instructive — —
comitative — sineinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sineenne sineenne
accusative nom. sineenne sineenne
gen. sineenne
genitive sineenne sineidenne
sineittenne
partitive sinettänne sineitänne
inessive sineessänne sineissänne
elative sineestänne sineistänne
illative sineeseenne sineisiinne
sineihinne
adessive sineellänne sineillänne
ablative sineeltänne sineiltänne
allative sineellenne sineillenne
essive sineenänne sineinänne
translative sineeksenne sineiksenne
abessive sineettänne sineittänne
instructive — —
comitative — sineinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative sineensä sineensä
accusative nom. sineensä sineensä
gen. sineensä
genitive sineensä sineidensä
sineittensä
partitive sinettään
sinettänsä 		sineitään
sineitänsä
inessive sineessään
sineessänsä 		sineissään
sineissänsä
elative sineestään
sineestänsä 		sineistään
sineistänsä
illative sineeseensä sineisiinsä
sineihinsä
adessive sineellään
sineellänsä 		sineillään
sineillänsä
ablative sineeltään
sineeltänsä 		sineiltään
sineiltänsä
allative sineelleen
sineellensä 		sineilleen
sineillensä
essive sineenään
sineenänsä 		sineinään
sineinänsä
translative sineekseen
sineeksensä 		sineikseen
sineiksensä
abessive sineettään
sineettänsä 		sineittään
sineittänsä
instructive — —
comitative — sineineen
sineinensä

Anagrams

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Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Irish sine, siniu, comparative form of sen (“old”).[3]

Adjective

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sine

  1. comparative degree of sean: older

Etymology 2

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From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).[4]

Noun

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sine f (genitive singular sine, nominative plural siní)

  1. nipple
Declension
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Declension of sine (fourth declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative sine siní
vocative a shine a shiní
genitive sine siní
dative sine siní
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an tsine na siní
genitive na sine na siní
dative leis an tsine
don tsine 		leis na siní
Derived terms
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Mutation

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Mutated forms of sine
radical lenition eclipsis
sine shine
after an, tsine 		not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 57
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 90
  3. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  4. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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The function of this preposition was previously done with the use of sē, sēd (see sē-, sed), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), thus meaning "by itself", "without". Some still refer the si- in sine to this root, others refer it to Proto-Indo-European *só (“this”), whence si (“if”). And as sometimes nesi was also written, with -ne being nē (“not”), sine might literally mean "not this". Compare with nisi.

Yet others refer sine to Proto-Indo-European *sen(H)i (“for oneself, without”), itself possibly related to *swé or more likely a locative of *senH-.[1][2] Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́νευ (áneu), ἄτερ (áter, “without”), Sanskrit सनुतर् (sanutar, “away, off”), Old English sundor; compare especially Tocharian B snai and Old Irish sain (“separated, different”) (Proto-Celtic *sanis), which may reflect the original PIE adverb.

The ablative is from a PIE ablative of separation or a comitative-instrumental analogous to cum. Compare Sanskrit विना (vinā).

Preposition

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sine (+ ablative)

  1. without
    Sum sine rēgnō.
    I am without a kingdom.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Preposition

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sine (+ accusative) (African Vulgar Latin)

  1. without

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sine”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 565
  2. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “snai”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 779–781

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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sine

  1. second-person singular present active imperative of sinō

Middle Dutch

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Determiner

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sine

  1. inflection of sijn:
    1. feminine nominative/accusative singular
    2. nominative/accusative plural

Middle English

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Noun

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sine

  1. Alternative form of synne

Neapolitan

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsinɛ/, /ˈsinɐ/

Particle

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sine

  1. yes

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Old Norse sínir.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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sine pl

  1. plural of sin

See also

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    Personal pronouns in Bokmål
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
feminine masculine neuter plural
Singular First – jeg meg mi min mitt mine
Second general du deg di din ditt dine
formal (rare) De Dem Deres
Third feminine (person) hun henne hennes
masculine (person) han ham / han hans
feminine (noun) den dens
masculine (noun)
neuter (noun) det dets
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine
Plural First – vi oss vår vårt våre
Second general dere deres
formal (very rare) De Dem Deres
Third general de dem deres
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine

References

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  • “sin” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Old Norse sínir.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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sine pl

  1. plural of sin

References

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Old English

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sīne

  1. inflection of sīn:
    1. accusative feminine singular
    2. instrumental masculine/neuter singular
    3. nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural

Old French

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Noun

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sine oblique singular, m (oblique plural sines, nominative singular sines, nominative plural sine)

  1. Alternative form of cisne

Noun

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sine oblique singular, m (oblique plural sines, nominative singular sines, nominative plural sine)

  1. Alternative form of signe

Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sine m

  1. nipple, teat

Inflection

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Usual declension:

Masculine io-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative sine sineL siniL
Vocative sini sineL siniu
Accusative sineN sineL siniuH
Genitive siniL sineL sineN
Dative siniuL sinib sinib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

A variant dental-stem declension can also be found.

Masculine d-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative sine sinidL, sine sinid
Vocative sine sinidL, sine sineda
Accusative sinidN sinidL, sine sineda
Genitive sined sined sinedN
Dative sinidL sinedaib sinedaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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Mutation

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Mutation of sine
radical lenition nasalization
sine ṡine unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Mutation of sine
radical lenition nasalization
sine phine, fine unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Pali

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Alternative forms

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Alternative scripts

Verb

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sine

  1. optative active third-person singular of sinoti (“to bind”)

Polish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɕi.nɛ/
  • Rhymes: -inɛ
  • Syllabification: si‧ne

Adjective

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sine

  1. inflection of siny:
    1. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular
    2. nonvirile nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Romanian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin sē, as with mine, tine.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sine (stressed reflexive-accusative form of el, ea, ei, and ele)

  1. (direct object, preceded by preposition, such as "pe", "cu", "la", or "pentru") himself, herself, itself, themselves
    Synonym: (unstressed form) se

Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).

Noun

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sine f (genitive singular sine, plural sinean)

  1. (anatomy) nipple, teat

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English gin.

Noun

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sine f

  1. gin (drink)

Etymology 3

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From Old Irish sine (“old age, seniority, antiquity”), from sen (“old”).

Noun

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sine f

  1. oldness
  2. old age

Etymology 4

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

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sine

  1. comparative degree of sean (“old”)

Mutation

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Mutation of sine
radical lenition
sine shine
after "an", t-sine

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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Serbo-Croatian

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Noun

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sine (Cyrillic spelling сине)

  1. inflection of sina:
    1. genitive singular
    2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Tagalog

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish cine, from a clipping of cinema, a reduction of cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sine (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈᜒ)

  1. film; movie
    Synonyms: pelikula, puting-tabing
  2. (dated) cinema; movie theater
    Synonym: sinehan

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “sine”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
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