摔

摔	U+6454, 摔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6454

Translingual

Han character

摔 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 手卜戈十 (QYIJ), four-corner 5004₃, composition ⿰扌率)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 449, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12577
Dae Jaweon: page 800, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1949, character 4
Unihan data for U+6454

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 率.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		摔
alternative forms		捽 (sut) Hokkien

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shuāi (shuai¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄞ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seot¹ / seoi¹
Eastern Min (BUC): sáe̤k
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sut / siak / sak / soai
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷seq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shuāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shuai
  - Wade–Giles: shuai¹
  - Yale: shwāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuai
  - Palladius: шуай (šuaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: seot¹ / seoi¹
  - Yale: sēut / sēui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soet⁷ / soey¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêd¹ / sêu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵt̚⁵/, /sɵy̯⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sáe̤k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔyʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sut
  - Tâi-lô: sut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sud
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sut̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sut̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siak̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sak
  - Tâi-lô: sak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soai
  - Tâi-lô: suai
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soay
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /suai⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /suai³³/

Note:

sut - literary (“to eat quickly; to whip; tool for whipping; to glance quickly; to quickly shoot”);
siak/sak - vernacular (俗) (“to stumble; to fall; to beat”);
soai - vernacular (俗) (only in Mandarin words such as 摔打 and 摔跤).

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷seq
  - MiniDict: seh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴seq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /səʔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

摔

to stumble; to lose one's balance; to fall
摔了一跤 ― shuāi le yī jiāo ― to have had a fall

對眠床摔落塗跤 [Hokkien, trad.]
对眠床摔落涂跤 [Hokkien, simp.]
tùi bîn-chhn̂g siak lo̍h thô͘-kha [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
to fall to the ground from the bed
to plunge; to fall
他從馬背上摔了下來。 [MSC, trad.]
他从马背上摔了下来。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā cóng mǎbèi shàng shuāi le xiàlái. [Pinyin]
He fell off a horse.

飛機摔了下來。／飞机摔了下来。 ― Fēijī shuāi le xiàlái. ― The airplane plunged.
to cause to fall and break
我不小心把杯子摔了。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
Wǒ bù xiǎoxīn bǎ bēizi shuāi le. [Pinyin]
I broke the cup accidentally.

提好，毋通摔破。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
The̍h hó, m̄-thang siak phòa. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
Hold it well, don't drop and break it.
to fling; to cast; to throw
把帽子往桌子上一摔 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
bǎ màozi wǎng zhuōzi shàng yī shuāi [Pinyin]
to throw one's cap onto the table
to beat; to knock; to thresh (to remove anything attached)
把鞋底的泥摔摔 ― bǎ xiédǐ de ní shuāi shuāi ― to beat the mud off the bottom of one's shoes

摔麥仔／摔麦仔 [Hokkien] ― sut be̍h-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to thresh wheat
(Hokkien) to eat quickly
小妹都猶未食半喙咧，你就摔了了。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
小妹都犹未食半喙咧，你就摔了了。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
Sió-mōe to iáu-bōe chia̍h pòaⁿ chhùi--leh, lí tō sut liáu-liáu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
My sister hasn't even taken a bite yet, and you've gorged it all up.
(Hokkien) to whip; to flog (with a whip, rod, etc.)
伊予警察摔甲流血流滴。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
I hō͘ kéng-chhat sut kah lâu-hoeh-lâu-tih. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
He was whipped by the police until he was bleeding.
(Hokkien) whip; whisk
蠓摔 [Hokkien] ― báng-sut [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― fly-whisk
(Mainland China Hokkien) to glance quickly
摔目 [Hokkien] ― sut-ba̍k [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to quickly glance at someone
(Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to quickly shoot
摔短銃／摔短铳 [Hokkien] ― sut té-chhèng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to quickly shoot a pistol

Synonyms

(to fall):

edit

倒下 (dǎoxià)
摔倒 (shuāidǎo)
橫落 / 横落 (Hakka)
甩 (dialectal Cantonese)
跌 (diē)
跌倒 (diēdǎo)

(to fling):

Dialectal synonyms of 扔 (“to throw”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		投
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		扔, 丟, 拋, 擲₁, 摔
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	扔, 溜, 拽, 砍
	Taiwan	扔, 丟
	Malaysia	丟
	Singapore	丟
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	扔, 拽
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	撂, 丟
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	甩, 丟, 掟
	Wuhan	丟, 掟
	Guilin	丟
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	摔
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	甩
Cantonese	Guangzhou	掟, 抌, 掉
Cantonese	Hong Kong	掟, 抌, 掉
Gan	Nanchang	拋, 釘
Hakka	Meixian	㧒, 撜, 擲₄
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	擲₄
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	擳
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	擲₄
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	擲₄
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	擲₄
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	擊
Jin	Taiyuan	砍, 給, 蠻
Northern Min	Jian'ou	射
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	挌, 抾, 轆, 獻
Southern Min	Xiamen	挕, 揕, 擲₂, 練, 捔, 㧒
	Quanzhou	挕, 揕, 擲₂, 㧒
	Jinjiang	挕, 揕, 擲₂
	Zhangzhou	挕, 揕, 捔, 㧒
	Tainan	挕, 揕, 掔
	Penang (Hokkien)	揕
	Singapore (Hokkien)	挕, 揕, 擲₂, 捔
	Manila (Hokkien)	挕, 揕, 擲₂
	Chaozhou	捔, 撾, 挒, 標
	Jieyang	捔, 撾, 挒, 標, 打, 擲₃
	Singapore (Teochew)	捔
Wu	Shanghai	摜, 厾
	Suzhou	厾, 真
	Wenzhou	𪜃, 甩, 拌
Xiang	Changsha	射, 釘
Xiang	Shuangfeng	亞, 打

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		摔
alternative forms		捒𨄮 ⿰𧾷相

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to siak above?”)

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siàng / sàng

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàng
  - Tâi-lô: siàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaxng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /siaŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siaŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sàng
  - Tâi-lô: sàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: saxng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /saŋ⁴¹/

Definitions

摔

(Hokkien) to throw down forcefully on the ground
矸仔摔落塗跤，就去了了矣。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
矸仔摔落涂跤，就去了了矣。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
Kan-á siàng lo̍h thô͘-kha, tō khì-liáu-liáu ah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
If the bottle is thrown down forcefully on the ground, then it's done for.

Compounds

References

“摔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“摔”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
“摔”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
“摔”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

Japanese

Kanji

摔

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): しゅつ (shutsu)、しゅち (shuchi)、そつ (sotsu)

Vietnamese

Han character

摔: Hán Nôm readings: suất, suốt

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