羅

See also: 罗

羅	U+7F85, 羅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F85

← 羄
[U+7F84]

CJK Unified Ideographs

羆 →
[U+7F86]

羅	U+F90F, 羅 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F90F

← 癩
[U+F90E]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

蘿 →
[U+F910]

Translingual

Han character

羅 (Kangxi radical 122, 网+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 田中女火土 (WLVFG), four-corner 6091₄, composition ⿱罒維)

Derived characters

儸(㑩), 囉(啰), 㦬(𰑫), 攞(𫽋), 玀(猡), 曪, 欏(椤), 𤓓(𬊜), 㼈(𭹜), 𦣇(𬂂), 𧟌(𬡠), 纙, 鑼(锣), 饠(𫗩), 𩽰
𣱀, 邏(逻), 𠚢, 𦍉, 𪈰(𮬽), 鿡, 𡿏, 蘿(萝), 𭨒, 籮(箩), 𩵇, 㿚

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 950, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28397
Dae Jaweon: page 1392, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2928, character 5
Unihan data for U+7F85

Unihan data for U+F90F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 羅
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (羅) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
羅	*raːl
蘿	*raːl
籮	*raːl
儸	*raːl
饠	*raːl
欏	raːl, raːlʔ
囉	*raːl
鑼	*raːl
邏	raːl, raːls

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 网 (“net”) + 維 (“bird (tied with string)”) — net for catching birds. The original version is 𦌴.

Etymology 1

trad.		羅
simp.		罗^*
alternative forms		𦋝𦌴

Perhaps related to Tibetan དྲ (dra, “net”), རྒྱ (rgya, “net; trap”), Tangut 𗙲 (*rer², “net”) (Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014; Jacques, 2014).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): luó (luo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): no²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lo⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lo³
Gan (Wiktionary): lo⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lò

(Hailu, HRS): lo

(Meixian, Guangdong): lo²
Jin (Wiktionary): le¹
Northern Min (KCR): lô̤
Eastern Min (BUC): lò̤
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lo² / lor²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lô / lô͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): lo⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶lu
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lo²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luó
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luó
  - Wade–Giles: lo²
  - Yale: lwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luo
  - Palladius: ло (lo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: no²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /no²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lo⁴
  - Yale: lòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lᵘɔ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: lo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lò
  - Hakka Romanization System: lo^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lo²
  - Sinological IPA: /lo¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: lo
  - Sinological IPA: /lo⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: lo²
  - Sinological IPA: /lo¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: le¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /lɤ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lô̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lò̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃o⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: lo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: lo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵ¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: lor²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɒ¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô
  - Tâi-lô: lô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: looi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /lo²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘
  - Tâi-lô: lôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ²⁴/

Note:

lo2 - vernacular;
lor2 - literary (incl. surname).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: lo⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lô
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo⁵⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶lu
  - MiniDict: lu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lu²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: lo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 羅
Mandarin	Beijing	/luo³⁵/
	Harbin	/luo²⁴/
	Tianjin	/luo⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/luə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/luə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/luo⁴²/
	Xi'an	/luo²⁴/
	Xining	/lu²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/luə⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/luə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/luɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/nuo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/no³¹/
	Guiyang	/no²¹/
	Kunming	/lo³¹/
	Nanjing	/lo²⁴/
	Hefei	/lʊ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/lɤ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/lei¹³/
	Hohhot	/luɤ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/lu²³/
	Suzhou	/ləu¹³/
	Hangzhou	/lo²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/lɤu³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/lo⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/lo⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/lo¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/no¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/lo⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lo¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/lo¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lɔ²¹/
	Nanning	/lɔ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/lɔ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/lo³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/lo⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/lɔ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/lo⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/lo³¹/

Middle Chinese: la

Rime
Character	羅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	魯何切
Baxter	la
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/la/
Li Rong	/lɑ/
Wang Li	/lɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lo⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*rˤaj/

(Zhengzhang): /*raːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羅
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luó
Middle Chinese	‹ la ›
Old Chinese	/*rˁaj/
English	a kind of net (on a handle?) (Shuōwén: "bird net")
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羅
Reading #	1/1
No.	8676
Phonetic component	羅
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	羅
Old Chinese	/*raːl/
Notes	象張網系隹

Definitions

羅

net for catching birds
天羅地網／天罗地网 ― tiānluódìwǎng ― escape-proof net
sieve; sifter
gauze
to catch (birds) using a net
門可羅雀／门可罗雀 ― ménkěluóquè ― to have few visitors (literally, “can use a net to catch sparrows at the gate”)
- 鴛鴦于飛，畢之羅之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  鸳鸯于飞，毕之罗之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Yuānyāng yú fēi, bì zhī luó zhī. [Pinyin]
  The Yellow ducks fly about,
  And are taken with hand-nets and spread-nets.
to gather together; to collect
搜羅／搜罗 ― sōuluó ― to scout out
to display; to spread out
羅列／罗列 ― luóliè ― to display; to enumerate

星羅棋布／星罗棋布 ― xīngluóqíbù ― to be spread all over the place
to sift
a surname
羅貫中／罗贯中 ― Luó Guànzhōng ― Luo Guanzhong (author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms)

羅大佑／罗大佑 ― Luó Dàyòu ― Lo Ta-yu (Taiwanese singer and songwriter)
Used in transcription.

Usage notes

In transcriptions of Buddhist terms, 羅 (MC la) is often used to transcribe Sanskrit ल (la) and Sanskrit र (ra).

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad.		羅
simp.		罗^*
alternative forms		籮／箩

From English gross.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): luó (luo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lo⁴
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): lo²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lô

(Teochew, Peng'im): lo⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luó
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luó
  - Wade–Giles: lo²
  - Yale: lwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luo
  - Palladius: ло (lo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lo⁴
  - Yale: lòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔː²¹/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: lo²
  - Sinological IPA: /lo¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô
  - Tâi-lô: lô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: looi
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lo⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo⁵⁵/

Definitions

羅

gross (144)

Japanese

Kanji

羅

(Jōyō kanji)

lightweight fabric or clothing; silk gauze; thin silk
(Abbreviation) Latin (language)

Readings

Go-on: ら (ra, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ら (ra, Jōyō)
Kun: あみ (ami, 羅)、つらねる (tsuraneru, 羅ねる)、うすもの (usumono, 羅)

Compounds

雀(じゃく)羅(ら) (jakura): sparrow net
天(てん)麩(ぷ)羅(ら) (tenpura): tempura
羅(ら)袖(しゅう) (rashū): lightweight-fabric sleeve
羅(ら)針(しん)盤(ばん) (rashinban): a compass
羅(ら)針(しん)儀(ぎ) (rashingi): a compass
甲(こう)羅(ら) (kōra): shell, carapace

Etymology

Kanji in this term
羅
ら Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ら [ráꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɾa̠]

Noun

羅(ら) • (ra)

lightweight fabric

Affix

羅(ら) • (ra)

lightweight fabric
Short for 羅甸 (“the Latin language”).
(US) Short for 羅府 (“Los Angeles (a city in California, United States)”).

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 羅 (MC la). Recorded as Middle Korean 라 (la) (Yale: la) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɾa̠] ~ [na̠]
Phonetic hangul: [라/나]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

羅

Wikisource

羅 (eumhun 그물 라 (geumul ra), word-initial (South Korea) 그물 나 (geumul na))

hanja form^? of 라/나 (“net; fabric”)

Compounds

구라파 (歐羅巴, Gurapa, “(dated) Europe”)
나열 (羅列, nayeol, “list”)
나주 (羅州, Naju, “Naju”)
나침반 (羅針盤, nachimban, “compass”)
망라 (網羅, mangna, “cover”)
신라 (新羅, Silla, “Silla”)
전라도 (全羅道, Jeollado, “Jeolla Province, South Korea”)
탐라 (耽羅, Tamna, “(historical) Tamna”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Old Korean

Suffix

羅 (*-la)

a plain imperative verb-final suffix

Descendants

Middle Korean: 으〮라〮 (-úlá)/ᄋᆞ〮라〮 (-ólá)
- Korean: 으라 (-eura)

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

𪜀, 𦉼, 𱺵

Han character

羅: Hán Việt readings: la^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
羅: Nôm readings: la^[1]^[2], là^[1]^[2], lơ^[1]

Verb

羅 • (là)

Nôm form of là (“to be”).

References

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[tdcndg-3] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Nguyễn (2014).

[gdhn-4] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Trần (2004).

[tvctdhv-5] Trần (1999).

[hvttd-6] Nguyễn (1974).

[tchvtd-7] Thiều Chửu (1942).

[1]

[2]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]