your

See also: Your

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English your, youre, ȝour, ȝoure, from Old English ēower, īower (“your”, plural), from Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz. Cognate with Saterland Frisian jou (“your”), Dutch jouw (“your”), German Low German jo, jos (“your”), German euer (“your”, plural), Danish jeres (“your”).

Alternative forms

• ur (informal, Internet, text messaging)
• ya, yer, yr (informal)
• yo, yo' (African-American Vernacular)
• yur (pronunciation spelling)

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /jɔː/, /jʊə/, (unstressed) /jə/

  • Audio (Received Pronunciation):

    (file)

    Audio:

    (file)

• (General American) enPR: yôr, IPA^(key): /joɹ/, /jʊɹ/, /jɝ/, (unstressed form) /jɚ/

  • Audio (General American, stressed form):

    (file)

  • Audio (General American, unstressed form):

    (file)

• (Canada) IPA^(key): /jʊəɹ/, /jɜ(ː)ɹ/, (unstressed form) /jɚ/
  • (Dialectal) IPA^(key): /jɪʊɹ/, /jɪəɹ/, (unstressed form) /jəɹ/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: yōr, IPA^(key): /jo(ː)ɹ/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /joə/
• (non-rhotic, show–sure merger, African-American Vernacular) IPA^(key): /joʊ/
• Homophone: you're
• Homophone: yore (pour–poor merger or dialectal)
• Homophone: yaw (non-rhotic, paw–poor merger or dialectal)
• Homophone: yo (non-rhotic, show–sure merger)
• Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ), -ʊə(ɹ), -ɜː(ɹ)

Determiner

your

1. Belonging to you; of you; related to you (singular; one owner).

   Let’s meet tomorrow at your convenience.

   Is this your cat?

2. Belonging to you; of you; related to you (plural; more owners).
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 6:7, column 1:

     Then Ieſus ſaid vnto them, My time is not yet come: but your time is alway ready.

3. A determiner that conveys familiarity and mutual knowledge of the modified noun.

   Not your average Tom, Dick and Harry.

   Your Show of Shows

   Your World with Neil Cavuto

   Not Your Average Travel Guide

4. (Ireland) That; the specified (usually used with a human referent)

   Your man just bought a new car.

   Have you seen what your one over there is doing?

Derived terms

• black as your hat
• Bob's your mother's brother
• did my back hurt your knife
• don't worry your pretty little head
• for your eyes only
• kill your idols
• kiss your sister
• more grease to your elbow
• more power to your elbow
• my culture is not your costume
• saving your presence
• saving your reverence
• take your change out of that
• take your oil
• the sky will fall on your head
• use your words
• what color is your Bugatti
• what is your problem
• what's your game
• what's your poison
• what's your problem
• who was your servant last year
• you kiss your father with that mouth
• you kiss your grandfather with that mouth
• your barn door is open
• your guys's
• Your Imperial Highness
• Your Lordship
• your place or mine
• your point being
• Your Serene Highness

Translations

belonging to you (singular; one owner)

• Aghwan: 𐕛𐔶 (vē)
• Arabic: ـك (ar) (-k) (-ak, -uk(a), etc: pronunciation differs according to case and level of language formality)

  Egyptian Arabic: ـك (-ak or k) (owner is male), ـك (-ek or ki) (owner is female), بتاعك m (bitāʕak), بتاعك f (bitāʕik)

• Armenian: (informal) քո (hy) (kʻo), (formal) Ձեր (Jer)
• Aromanian: tãu m
• Assamese: তোৰ (tür) (least formal), তোমাৰ (tümar) (informal), আপোনাৰ (apünar) (formal)
• Asturian: to (ast), de to, so (ast) (formal), de so (formal)
• Baluchi: تئی (tai) (informal), شمائی (šomài) (formal)
• Belarusian: твой (tvoj), ваш (vaš) (formal)
• Belizean Creole: yu, fi yu
• Bengali: তোর (bn) (tor) (very familiar), তোমার (bn) (tomar) (familiar), আপনার (bn) (apnar) (polite)
• Bikol Central: saimo (bcl) (before a noun), mo (bcl) (after a noun)
• Brahui: naa
• Breton: da (br)
• Bulgarian: твой (tvoj), ваш (vaš) (formal)
• Catalan: el teu, la teva, ta (ca) f, ton (ca) m
• Cebuano: imo
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 你的 (zh) (nǐ de), 您的 (zh) (nín de) (formal)

• Chukchi: гынин (gynin)
• Coptic: ⲡⲉⲕ m (pek), ⲧⲉⲕ f (tek), ⲛⲉⲕ m pl or f pl (nek) (owner is male), ⲡⲉ m (pe), ⲧⲉ f (te), ⲛⲉ m pl or f pl (ne) (owner is female)
• Cornish: dha
• Crimean Tatar: seniñ
• Czech: tvůj (cs), váš (cs) (formal)
• Dalmatian: to
• Danish: din (da)
• Dutch: (informal) je (nl), (informal) jouw (nl), (formal in Standard Dutch; used both formally and informally in Flemish Dutch) uw (nl)
• Egyptian: (owner is male) (.k), (owner is female) (.ṯ)
• Eshtehardi: اِشتَ (eşta)
• Esperanto: via (eo)
• Estonian: sinu (et), su (et)
• Finnish: sinun ...si, -si (fi), sinun (fi)
• French: ton (fr) m ta (fr) f tes (fr) m pl or f pl (informal), votre (fr) m or f vos (fr) m pl or f pl (formal)
• Friulian: to m
• Galician: teu m, túa f
• Georgian: შენი (šeni)
• German: dein (de), (formal) Ihr (de)

  Cimbrian: dain

  Old High German: dīn

• Gothic: 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (þeins)
• Greek: σας (el) (sas), σας (el) n (sas), σου (el) (sou)

  Ancient: σός (sós) (adjective), σου (sou) (genitive personal pronoun)

• Hawaiian: kou, kāu
• Hebrew: (common) שלך (he) m (shelkha), שלך (he) f (shelakh), (formal) ־ך m (-kha), ־ך f (-akh/-ekh)
• Hindi: (least formal) तेरा (hi) (terā), (informal) तुम्हारा (hi) (tumhārā), (formal) आपका (āpkā)
• Hungarian: (informal) -d (hu), -od, -ad (hu), -ed (hu), -öd, (formal) -a (hu), -e (hu), -ja, -je
• Icelandic: þinn (is)
• Ido: vua (io)
• Indonesian: -mu (id), kamu (id), Anda (id)
• Interlingua: tu (ia)
• Irish: do
• Istro-Romanian: teu m, te f
• Italian: tuo (it)
• Japanese: (polite) あなたの (ja) (anata no), (familiar) きみの (ja) (kimi no), (familiar) ^{(please verify)} 君の (ja)
• Kalmyk: чини (çini)
• Kapampangan: kekang, kekamung, kekanang, mu
• Korean: 당신의 (dangsinui)
• Kyrgyz: сенин (ky) (senin), сиздин (sizdin)
• Ladino: tu
• Latin: tuus (la)
• Latvian: tavs, jūsu (polite)
• Lithuanian: tàvo (lt)
• Louisiana Creole French: tô m, tâ f, tê pl, vô m (formal, polite)
• Luxembourgish: däin
• Macedonian: твој (tvoj), ваш (vaš) (formal)
• Maltese: tiegħek
• Maori: tāu (singular dominant), tōu (singular subordinate), āu (plural dominant), ōu (plural subordinate), tō (singular neutral and informal), ō (plural neutral or informal)
• Mazanderani: ته (te)
• Middle English: þi (preconsonantal, informal), þin (prevocalic, informal), your (formal)
• Mongolian: таны (tany),таныг (tanyg) (owner is older than speaker), чиний (činii),чамайг (čamajg) (owner is same age as/younger than speaker)
• North Frisian:

  Föhr: dan m, jau, jamens

• Norwegian: din (no) m, di (no) f, ditt n, dine (no) m pl or f pl or n pl
• Occitan: teu (oc)
• Odia: ତୋର (or) (tora), ତୁମର (or) (tumara), ତୁମ୍ଭର (or) (tumbhara)
• Old Church Slavonic: твои (tvoi)
• Old English: þīn sg
• Persian: ـت (fa) (-at), تو (fa) (to)
• Pipil: mu-
• Polish: twój (pl), (formal, to male:) pana (pl), pański (pl), (formal, to female:) pani (pl)
• Portuguese: teu (pt) m, tua (pt) f, (Brazil) seu (pt) m, sua (pt) f
• Romani: tiro m, tiri f, tire pl
• Romanian: tău (ro) m, ta (ro) f
• Romansch: tes m, tiu m
• Russian: твой (ru) (tvoj) (informal), ваш (ru) (vaš) (formal)
• Sardinian: tou
• Scots: yer
• Scottish Gaelic: do (informal), ur (gd) (formal)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: твој, ваш (formal)

  Roman: tvoj, vaš (sh) (formal)

• Sinhalese: ඔයාගේ (oyāgē)
• Slovak: tvoj (sk), váš (formal)
• Slovene: tvój (sl), vàš (sl) (formal)
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: twój (familiar), waš (polite)

• Spanish: tu (es), su (es) (formal)
• Swedish: din (sv)
• Sylheti: ꠔꠞ (tor) (least formal), ꠔꠥꠝꠣꠞ (tumar) (informal), ꠀꠙ꠆ꠘꠣꠞ (afnar) (formal)
• Tagalog: iyo
• Talysh: اشته (əštə)
• Tamil: உன் (ta) (uṉ)
• Tatar: синең (sineñ) (informal), сезнең (sezneñ) (formal)
• Telugu: (formal) మీ (te) (mī), (informal) నీ (te) (nī)
• Thai: ของคุณ (kŏng kun)
• Tlingit: i
• Turkish: senin (tr)
• Ukrainian: твій (uk) (tvij) (informal), ваш (uk) (vaš) (formal)
• Urdu: (least formal) تیرا (terā), (informal) تمہارا (tumhārā), (formal) آپ کا (āp kā)
• Vietnamese: của bạn (replace bạn with the appropriate word or kinship term: ông, bà, anh, cô, chị, mày, em, etc.)
• Volapük: olik (vo), ola
• Walloon: ti (wa) m sg or f sg, tes (wa) m pl or f pl (familiar), vosse (wa) m sg or f (before consonant, ordinary and formal), vost (wa) m or f (before vowel, ordinary and formal), vo (wa) m sg or f sg (Western Walloon, ordinary and formal), vos (wa) m pl or f pl (ordinary and formal)
• Welsh: dy (informal), eich (formal)
• West Frisian: dyn, jo (fy)
• Yiddish: דײַן (dayn)
• Zhuang: duh mwngz
• Zulu: possessive concord + -kho

belonging to you (plural; more owners)

• Aghwan: 𐔱𐔽𐔴𐕔𐔼 (bˁefi)
• American Sign Language: FlatB@Chesthigh-FingerUp RoundHoriz
• Arabic: ـكُم (ar) m (-kum) (most common), ـكُنَّ f (-kunna) (only used in very formal Arabic), ـكُمَا du (-kumā) (only used in very formal Arabic)

  Egyptian Arabic: ـكو (ku), بتاعكوا m pl or f pl (bitāʕko)

  Moroccan Arabic: ـكم m or f (kəm)

• Aramaic: ־כון
• Armenian: ձեր (hy) (jer)
• Aromanian: vostru m
• Asturian: vuestru (ast), de vuestro, so (ast) (formal), de so (formal)
• Bahamian Creole: yinnas
• Baluchi: شمائی (šomài)
• Belarusian: ваш (vaš)
• Bengali: তোদের (bn) (toder) (very familiar), তোমাদের (bn) (tomader) (familiar), আপনাদের (bn) (apnader) (polite)
• Bikol Central: saindo (bcl) (before a noun), nindo (bcl) (after a noun)
• Breton: ho (br)
• Bulgarian: ваш (vaš)
• Catalan: el vostre m, la vostra f, vostre (ca) m, vostro (ca) m, vostra (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 你們的 / 你们的 (zh) (nǐmen de)

• Coptic: ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛ m (peten), ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛ f (teten), ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛ m pl or f pl (neten)
• Crimean Tatar: siziñ
• Czech: váš (cs)
• Danish: jeres (da) n or c
• Dutch: jullie (nl) (informal), uw (nl) (formal in Standard Dutch; used both formally and informally in Flemish Dutch), ulle (Flemish Dutch, informal)
• Egyptian: (.ṯn)
• Esperanto: viaj (eo)
• Estonian: teie (et)
• Finnish: teidän ...nne, -nne (fi), teidän (fi)
• French: votre (fr), vos (fr)
• Friulian: vuestri
• Galician: voso, vosa f
• Georgian: თქვენი (tkveni)
• German: euer (de), (formal) Ihr (de)
• Gothic: 𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐍂 (igqar) (two owners), 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂 (izwar) (three or more owners)
• Greek: σας (el) (sas)

  Ancient: ὑμέτερος (huméteros) (adjective), ὑμῶν (humôn) (genitive personal pronoun)

• Hawaiian: (dual) ko ʻolua, kā ʻolua, (plural) ko ʻoukou, kā ʻoukou
• Hebrew: שלכם (shelakhém), שלכן (shelakhén), ־כם (-khém), ־כן (-khén)
• Hindi: आपका (āpkā)
• Hungarian: -tok, -tek, (informal) -tök, -a (hu), -e (hu), -ja, (formal) -je
• Icelandic: ykkar (is)
• Indonesian: kalian (id)
• Interlingua: vostre
• Irish: bhur
• Istriot: vostro m, vostra f
• Italian: vostro (it)
• Japanese: (polite) あなたがたの (ja) (anatagata no), あなたたちの (ja) (anatatachi no), (familiar) きみたちの (ja) (kimitachi no)
• Judeo-Italian: ווּסְטֵירוֹ (vusəṭero /⁠vustero⁠/)
• Kalmyk: тана (tana), тадна (tadna)
• Kapampangan: kekayu, keka, yu
• Kyrgyz: силердин (silerdin), сиздердин (sizderdin)
• Ladino: vuestro
• Latin: vester (la)
• Latvian: jūsu
• Louisiana Creole French: vô
• Macedonian: ваш (vaš)
• Maltese: tagħkom
• Maori: tā kōrua (singular dominant referring to two people), ā kōrua (plural dominant referring to two people), tō kōrua (singular subordinate referring to two people), ō kōrua (plural subordinate referring to two people), tā koutou (singular dominant referring to three or more people), ā koutou (plural dominant referring to three or more people), tō koutou (singular subordinate referring to three or more people), ō koutou (plural subordinate referring to three or more people)
• Mazanderani: شمه (šëme)
• Middle English: your
• Neapolitan: vuosto
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: deres (no), eders (archaic)

  Nynorsk: dykkar (nn), dokkar

• Occitan: vòstre (oc)
• Old Church Slavonic: вашь (vašĭ)
• Old English: inċer (ang) du, ēower pl
• Pipil: anmu-
• Polish: wasz (pl), (formal:) państwa
• Portuguese: vosso (pt) m, vossa (pt) f, de vocês
• Romani: tumaro m, tumari f, tumare pl
• Romanian: vostru (ro) m, voastră f
• Romansch: vies m
• Russian: ваш (ru) (vaš)
• Scots: yer
• Scottish Gaelic: ur (gd)
• Serbo-Croatian: ваш, vaš (sh)
• Sicilian: vostru (scn) m
• Slovak: váš
• Slovene: vàš (sl)
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: waju (referring to two people), waš (referring to three or more people)

• Spanish: vuestro (es), su (es), voso
• Swahili: -enu
• Swedish: er (sv), eder (sv) c (formal), edert (sv) n (formal), edra (sv) pl (formal), eran (sv) c (colloquial), erat (sv) n (colloquial)
• Tagalog: inyo
• Tarantino: vuèstre
• Tatar: сезнең (sezneñ)
• Telugu: మీ (te) (mī)
• Tlingit: yee
• Turkish: sizin (tr)
• Ukrainian: ваш (uk) (vaš)
• Urdu: آپ کا (āp kā)
• Venetan: vostro (vec) m, vostra f
• Vietnamese: của các bạn (replace bạn with the appropriate word or kinship term: ông, bà, anh, cô, chị, mày, em, etc.)
• Volapük: olsik (vo), olas
• Walloon: vosse (wa) m sg or f (before consonant), vost (wa) m or f (before vowel), vo (wa) m sg or f sg (Western Walloon), vos (wa) m pl or f pl
• Welsh: eich
• West Frisian: jim (fy)
• Yiddish: אײַער (ayer)
• Zulu: possessive concord + -inu

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Ido: ^{(please verify)} vua (io), ^{(please verify)} tua (io)
• Italian: (belonging to one person; informal) ^{(please verify)} il tuo (it) m , ^{(please verify)} il Suo m , (belonging to one person; formal) ^{(please verify)} il vostro (it) m

See also

English personal pronouns

Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are in italics. personal pronoun possessive pronoun possessive determiner subjective objective reflexive first person singular I me (colloquial) me myself me mysen mine my mine (before vowels, archaic) me plural we us ourselves ourself oursen ours our second person singular standard (historically formal) you you yourself yoursen yours yourn (obsolete outside dialects) your archaic (historically informal) thou thee thyself theeself thysen thine thy thine (before vowels) plural standard you ye (archaic) you yourselves yours yourn (obsolete outside dialects) your colloquial you all y'all you guys you all y'all you guys y'allselves y'all's you guys' your guys' (proscribed) y'all's your all's (nonstandard) you guys' your guys' (proscribed) informal / dialectal (see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries) third person singular masculine he him himself hisself (archaic) hissen his hisn (obsolete outside dialects) his feminine she her herself hersen hers hern (obsolete outside dialects) her neuter it hit it hit itself hitself its his (archaic) its his (archaic) hits genderless1 they them themself, themselves theirs their nonspecific (formal) one one oneself – one's plural they them hem, 'em themselves theirsen theirs theirn (obsolete outside dialects) their 1 See Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns for attested neopronouns.

Etymology 2

Contraction

your

1. Misspelling of you're.

Usage notes

• The use of your instead of you're is a common mistake in written English.

Cameroon Pidgin

Alternative forms

• ya

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Determiner

your

1. 2nd person singular possessive determiner

See also

Cameroon Pidgin possessive determiners

		singular	plural
1st person		my	we
2nd person		your	wuna
3rd person		yi	dia

Middle English

Alternative forms

• (common) youre, yowr, yowre, ȝour, ȝoure
• yowyr, yowur, yor, yur, yure, yeur, yhure, yhour, yhoure, ȝowyr, ȝowur, ȝor, ȝore, ȝur, ȝure, ȝiore, ȝhour, ȝhoure, ȝaure, ȝiure, ȝiwer, ȝeur, ȝeure, ȝeuer, ȝeuwer, ȝewer, ȝewere, gur, gure, giur, giure, giuor, giuer, giuwer, giwer, ihore, ihoire, iure, eour, eoure, eouer, eouwer, eouwere, eower, eowwer, eore, eur, eure, euwer, euwere, our, oure, or, ore, ouer, ouwer, ouwere, ower, owur, hour, æure

Etymology

From Old English ēower, from Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz. Initial /j/ is by analogy with ye.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /juːr/, /jiu̯r/
• (unstressed) IPA^(key): /jur/

Determiner

your (nominative pronoun ye)

1. Second-person plural genitive determiner: your (plural)
2. (formal) Second-person singular genitive determiner: your (singular).

Pronoun

your (nominative ye)

1. Second-person plural possessive pronoun: yours, of you (plural)

Descendants

• English: your (ya, yer, yo)
• Scots: your (yer)
• Yola: yer

See also

Middle English personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive	possessive
singular	1st person		I, ich, ik	me		min mi1	min
	2nd person		þou	þe		þin þi1	þin
	3rd person	m	he	him hine2	him	his	his hisen
		f	sche, heo	hire heo	hire		hire hires, hiren
		n	hit		hit him2	his, hit	—
dual3	1st person		wit	unk		unker
	2nd person		ȝit	inc		inker
plural	1st person		we	us, ous		oure	oure oures, ouren
	2nd person4		ye	yow		your	your youres, youren
	3rd person	inh.	he	hem he2	hem	here	here heres, heren
		bor.	þei	þem, þeim		þeir	þeir þeires, þeiren

¹ Used preconsonantally or before h.
² Early or dialectal.
³ Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third person dual forms in Middle English.
⁴ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd person singular.

References

• “your, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 May 2018.