User:Robert Ullmann/Prologue/examples/is

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IS

Wikipedia

See also Appendix:Variations of "is"

(verb) Third-person singular simple present indicative form of be.
(Afrikaans, verb) am, are, is (present tense, all persons, plural and singular of wees, to be)
(Catalan, noun) Plural of i.
(Danish, noun, uncountable) ice, ice cream (water in frozen form, dessert)
(Danish, noun, countable) ice, ice cream (ice cream on a stick or in a wafer cone)
(Dutch, verb) The third-person singular present indicative of zijn; is.
(Dutch, verb) equals
(Dutch, adverb, informal, dialect) Abbreviation of eens
(Hungarian, adverb) also, too, as well
(Hungarian, adverb, after an interrogative word) again (used in a question to ask something one has forgotten)
(Irish, conjunction) Reduced form of agus.
(Irish, particle) Used with the comparative/superlative form of adjectives to form the simple comparative:
(Irish, particle) Used with the comparative/superlative form of adjectives to form the superlative:
(Irish, verb) Copula form, non-past of tá.
(Latin, verb) second-person singular present active indicative of eō.
(Latin, pronoun, demonstrative) it; he (refers to a masculine word)
(Norwegian, Old English, noun) ice
(Old English, noun) The runic character ᛁ (/i/ or /i:/)
(Portuguese, noun) Plural form of i.
(Scots, adverb, South Scots) as
(Scots, conjunction, South Scots) as
(Scots, pronoun, South Scots) me
(Scots, verb) Third-person singular simple present form of ti be
(Scottish Gaelic, conjunction) and
(Scottish Gaelic, verb) am, are, is
(Swedish, noun, uncountable) Ice; frozen water.
(Swedish, noun, countable) Ice; a sheet of ice lying on a body of water.

English

Most common English words: he « his « with « #12: is » it » for » as

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *isti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ést (“‘is’”). The paradigm of "to be" has been since the time of Proto-Germanic a synthesis of three originally distinct verb stems. The infinitive form "to be" is from *bʰuH- (“‘to become’”). The words "is" and "are" are both derived from *h₁es- (“‘to be’”) Lastly, the past forms starting with "w-" such as "was" and "were" are from *h₂wes- (“‘to reside’”).

Pronunciation

(UK, US) IPA: /ɪz/, SAMPA: /Iz/
Audio (US)
(file)

Rhymes: -ɪz

Verb

is

Third-person singular simple present indicative form of be.
He is a doctor. He retired some time ago.

Should he do the task, it is vital that you follow him.

Quotations

For examples of the usage of this term see the citations page.

Translations

Is

Albanian: është sq(sq)
Arabic: يكون ar(ar) (yukūn)
Armenian: է hy(hy) (ē), կա hy(hy) (ka)
Avestan: asti
Bosnian: je bs(bs), jest bs(bs), jeste bs(bs)
Breton: eo br(br)
Bulgarian: е bg(bg)
Burmese: please add this translation if you can
Catalan: és ca(ca), està ca(ca)
Chinese: 是 (shì)
Cornish:
Kernewek Kemmyn: yw where an adjective or noun is the complement; yma in a positive statement, where a prepositional or verbal clause is the complement; usi in a negative or interrogative sentence, where a prepositional or verbal clause is the complement of a definite subject; eus in a negative or interrogative sentence, where a prepositional or verbal clause is the complement of an indefinite subject
Croatian: je hr(hr), jest hr(hr)
Czech: je cs(cs)
Danish: er da(da)
Dutch: is nl(nl)
Esperanto: estas eo(eo)
Faroese: er fo(fo)
Finnish: on fi(fi)
French: est fr(fr)
Georgian: არის (aris)
German: ist de(de)
Gothic: 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist)
Greek: είναι (íne)
Gujarati: please add this translation if you can
Hebrew: זה he(he) (ze)
Hindi: है (hai)
Hittite: ēšzi
Hungarian: van (not used except as 'to exist')
Icelandic: er is(is)
Ido: esas io(io)
Interlingua: es
Irish: tá ga(ga)
Italian: è it(it), sta it(it)
Japanese: です ja(ja) (desu)
Kannada: ಇದೆ (ide)
Khmer: ជា (jīa), គឺ (geu)
Korean: 이다 (ida) (copula), 있다 (itda) (to exist)
Latin: est la(la)
Latvian: ir lv(lv)

Lithuanian: yra lt(lt)
Macedonian: е mk(mk) (e)
Malayalam: ആകുന്നു
Maltese: please add this translation if you can
Marathi: please add this translation if you can
Mongolian: байх mn(mn) (bayh)
Nepali: please add this translation if you can
Norwegian: er no(no)
Novial: es
Old Church Slavonic: єстъ
Old English: is ang(ang)
Old High German: ist
Old Norse: er, es
Old Persian: asti
Oriya: please add this translation if you can
Persian: اَست (æst), هست fa(fa) (hast)
Polish: jest pl(pl)
Portuguese: é pt(pt), está pt(pt)
Romanian: este ro(ro), e ro(ro)
Russian: есть (has a very limited usage in Russian. One of the common errors of foreigners is using forms of to be in Russian sentences as they would in their native language)
Sanskrit: अस्ति sa(sa) (asti)
Scots: is
Scottish Gaelic: tha
Serbian: je sr(sr), jest sr(sr)
Slovak: je sk(sk)
Slovene: je sl(sl)
Spanish: es es(es), está es(es)
Swedish: är sv(sv)
Tamil: please add this translation if you can
Thai: เป็น (bpen), อยู่ (yòo), คือ (keu)
Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
Turkish: var tr(tr)
Ukrainian: є uk(uk) (je) (has a very limited usage in Ukrainian. One of the common errors of foreigners is using forms of to be in Ukrainian sentences as they would in their native language)
Urdu: ہے (he)
Vietnamese: là (when followed by a predicate nominative); thì (but often not translated when followed by a predicate adjective); tồn tại, hiện có (to exist)
Welsh: ydi/ydy in identification sentences/questions, mae
West Frisian: is
Yiddish: איז (iz)

Anagrams

si, Si, SI

Afrikaans

Verb

is

am, are, is (present tense, all persons, plural and singular of wees, to be)

Catalan

Noun

is f. pl.

Plural of i.

Danish

Noun

is c. (singular definite isen, plural indefinite is)

(uncountable) ice, ice cream (water in frozen form, dessert)
(countable) ice, ice cream (ice cream on a stick or in a wafer cone)

Inflection

Inflection of is

common gender	Singular		Plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative, dative and accusative	is	isen	is	isene
genitive	is'	isens	is'	isenes

Dutch

Pronunciation

audio
(file)

Verb

is

The third-person singular present indicative of zijn; is.
equals
Twaalf min drie is negen — twelve minus three equals nine

Adverb

is

(informal, dialect) Abbreviation of eens

Hungarian

Etymology

Cognate of és (“‘and’”).

Pronunciation

IPA: /ˈiʃ/
Audio
(file)

Adverb

is

also, too, as well
(after an interrogative word) again (used in a question to ask something one has forgotten)
Hogy is hívják? (What's that called, again?)

Synonyms

szintén

Derived terms

Expressions

Irish

Etymology 1

From agus.

Pronunciation

IPA: [ɪsˠ], IPA: [sˠ]

Conjunction

is

Reduced form of agus.

and

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“‘to be’”).

Pronunciation

IPA: [ɪsˠ], [sˠ] (before nouns and adjectives)
IPA: [ʃ] (before pronouns é, í, ea, iad)

Particle

is

Used with the comparative/superlative form of adjectives to form the simple comparative:

more, -er

Used with the comparative/superlative form of adjectives to form the superlative:

most, -est

Usage notes

Used to form either the comparative or superlative:

an buachaill is mó -- the larger boy, the largest boy

Note: the thing compared is introduced by ná:

Is mó an buachaill ná Séamus -- The boy is bigger than James;

Note the use as a superlative:

Is é Séamus an buachaill is mó in Éirinn! -- James is the biggest boy in Ireland! (lit. "It is James (who is) the boy (who) is biggest in Ireland")

Verb

is

Copula form, non-past of tá.

is, are; will be

Usage notes

Used in present and future sentences for identification or definition of a subject as the person/object identified in the predicate of the sentence:

Is múinteoir é Dónall. (definition: predicate is indefinite)

Dónall is a teacher.

Is é Dónall an múinteoir. (identification: predicate is definite)

Dónall is the teacher.

Sometimes used with noun or adjective predicates, especially in certain fixed idiomatic phrases. It is not a substantive verb.

Is féidir liom snámh. (idiomatic noun predicate)

I can swim.

Is maith liom tae. (idiomatic adjective predicate)

I like tea.

Latin

Etymology 1

Inflected form of eō (“‘go’”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA: /iːs/

Verb

īs

second-person singular present active indicative of eō.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *éy, *íh₂, *íd (“‘the’”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA: /is/

Pronoun

is m.; (f. ea, n. id, pl. ei)

(demonstrative) it; he (refers to a masculine word)
Is ad me rescripsit.
He wrote to me again.

Declension

Irregular: similar to first and second declensions, except for singular genitives ending in "-ius" and singular datives ending in "-ī".

Number	Singular			Plural
Case \ Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
nominative	is	ea	id	eī, iī	eae	ea
genitive	eius	eius	eius	eōrum	eārum	eōrum
dative	eī	eī	eī	eīs	eīs	eīs
accusative	eum	eam	id	eōs	eās	ea
ablative	eō	eā	eō	eīs	eīs	eīs

Norwegian

Etymology

From Old Norse íss.

Noun

is m. (definite singular isen; uncountable)

ice

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *īsa- from Proto-Indo-European *ei-, *ī- (“‘ice, frost’”). Cognate with Old Frisian īs, Old Saxon īs (Dutch ijs), Old High German īs (German Eis), Old Norse íss (Swedish is). There are parallels in many Iranian languages, apparently from the same IE root: Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬑𐬀 (aēxa-), “‘frost, ice’”), Persian یخ (yakh), Pashto جح (jaḥ), Ossetian их.

Pronunciation

IPA: /i:s/

Noun

īs n.

ice
- the Legend of St Andrew
  Ofer eastreamas is brycgade.
  The ice formed a bridge over the streams.
The runic character ᛁ (/i/ or /i:/)

Derived terms

īsiġ

Descendants

English: ice

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA: /ˈijs/, /ˈis/
(Carioca) IPA: /ˈijʃ/

Noun

is

Plural form of i.
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix, Rocco, page 411:
  Se você pôs os pingos nos is e cortou os tês então pode fazer o que quiser!
  If you've dotted your I's and crossed your T's, then you can do whatever you want!

Scots

Adverb

is (not comparable)

Positive
is

Comparative
not comparable

Superlative
none (absolute)

(South Scots) as

Synonyms

es

Conjunction

is

(South Scots) as

Synonyms

es

Pronoun

is personal, non-emphatic

(South Scots) me

Verb

is

Third-person singular simple present form of ti be

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

's

Conjunction

is

and

Synonyms

agus

Verb

is

am, are, is

Usage notes

This defective verb doesn't have the infinitive, future tense, subjunctive or conditional moods.
The dependent form, used after particles, is e.
Is is used when linking the subject of a sentence with an object ("somebody is somebody", "somebody is something", "something is something"), otherwise forms of the verb bi are used:
Is mise Dòmhnall. - I am Donald.

Tha mise ann an taigh-seinnse. - I am in a pub.

Derived terms

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse íss.

Pronunciation

audio
(file)

Noun

Inflection for is	Singular		Plural
common	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Base form	is	isen	isar	isarna
Possessive form	is	isens	isars	isarnas

is c. (uncountable and countable)

(uncountable) Ice; frozen water.
(countable) Ice; a sheet of ice lying on a body of water.

Audio (US)
(file)

audio
(file)

Audio
(file)

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative	Ablative	Possessive
Singular	First	—	ego	meī	mihi	mē		meus, -a, -um
	Second	—	tū	tuī	tibi	tē		tuus, -a, -um
	Reflexive Third	—	—	suī	sibi	sē, sēsē		suus, -a, -um
	Third	Masculine	is	eius	eī	eum	eō	eius
		Feminine	ea			eam	eā
		Neuter	id			id	eō
Plural	First	—	nōs	nostrī, nostrum	nōbīs	nōs	nōbīs	noster, -tra, -trum
	Second	—	vōs	vestrī, vestrum	vōbīs	vōs	vōbīs	vester, -tra, -trum
	Reflexive Third	—	—	suī	sibi	sē, sēsē		suus, -a, -um
	Third	Masculine	eī, iī	eōrum	eīs	eōs	eīs	eōrum
		Feminine	eae	eārum		eās		eārum
		Neuter	ea	eōrum		ea		eōrum