麻

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See also: 蔴, 菻, 厤, and 痳
麻 U+9EBB, 麻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EBB
← 麺
[U+9EBA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 麼 →
[U+9EBC]
⿇ U+2FC7, ⿇
KANGXI RADICAL HEMP
← ⿆
[U+2FC6] 		Kangxi Radicals ⿈ →
[U+2FC8]
麻 U+2FA15, 麻
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2FA15
← 𪊑
[U+2FA14] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 䵖 →
[U+2FA16]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
Japanese 麻
Simplified 麻
Traditional 麻

Han character

[edit]
See images of
Radical 200 麻

麻 (Kangxi radical 200, 麻+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈木木 (IDD) or 戈十金金 (IJCC), four-corner 00294, composition ⿸广林(GJV) or ⿸广𣏟(HTK))

  1. Kangxi radical #200, ⿇.

Derived characters

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1515, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47888
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2044, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4723, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9EBB

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 麻
simp. # 麻
alternative forms 蔴／麻
痲／痳

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 麻
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (麻) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
麻 *mraːl
痲 *mraːl
犘 *mraːl
縻 *mral
醿 *mral
爢 *mral
蘼 *mral, *mralʔ, *mrɯl
靡 *mralʔ
摩 *maːl, *maːls
魔 *maːl
磨 *maːl, *maːls
劘 *maːl
麽 *maːl
麼 *maːlʔ
塺 *maːls, *mɯːl
麾 *hmral

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 厂 + 𣏟: a representation of hemp leaves.

Etymology

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Etymology not clear, however PKS (Proto-Kam-Sui) *Ɂŋra¹ ‘sesame’ looks remotely similar to OC.

Pronunciation

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Note: muài - vernacular, mà - literary.
Note: môa, bâ - vernacular, mâ - literary.
Rime
Character 麻
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 莫霞切
Baxter mae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mˠa/
Pan
Wuyun 		/mᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ma/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/maɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ma/
Wang
Li 		/ma/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ma/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		má
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		maa4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 麻
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		má
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.mˁraj/
English hemp

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 麻
Reading # 1/1
No. 8694
Phonetic
component 		麻
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		麻
Old
Chinese 		/*mraːl/

Definitions

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麻

  1. general name for hemp, flax, jute, etc.
    大麻  ―  dàmá  ―  hemp; cannabis
    黃麻／黄麻  ―  huángmá  ―  jute
    亞麻／亚麻  ―  yàmá  ―  flax
  2. hemp fibre; linen
    麻布  ―  mábù  ―  sackcloth; linen
    麻繩／麻绳  ―  máshéng  ―  hemp rope
  3. (historical, obsolete) hemp band worn on the head or waist by a mourner
  4. mourning garment; mourning apparel
    披麻戴孝  ―  pīmádàixiào  ―  to wear the hemp garments of mourning
  5. (historical) imperial edict
  6. sesame
    麻油  ―  máyóu  ―  sesame oil
  7. numerous; chaotic
  8. coarse; rough
  9. spotty; pitted
    麻雀  ―  máquè  ―  sparrow
  10. (traditional Chinese medicine) Short for 麻疹 (mázhěn, “measles”).
  11. pockmark; pock
    麻子  ―  mázǐ  ―  pockmark; pockmarked person
    麻臉／麻脸  ―  máliǎn  ―  pockmarked face
  12. numb; senseless
    麻痺／麻痹  ―  mábì  ―  paralysis
    麻藥／麻药  ―  máyào  ―  anesthetic
    我的腿都坐麻了。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Wǒ de tuǐ dōu zuò má le. [Pinyin]
    My legs have gone numb while sitting.
  13. (of foods) having the taste like one of Sichuan pepper
    麻辣  ―  málà  ―  Sichuan pepper-y and spicy
    舌頭發麻／舌头发麻  ―  shétóu fāmá  ―  to have a tingling tongue
  14. (Sichuanese) tipsy
    喝麻了 [Sichuanese]  ―  has drunk oneself tipsy
  15. a surname

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 大麻 (“hemp”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 大麻, 線麻
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 麻
Chengde 麻
Chifeng 麻
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 大麻
Heihe 大麻
Qiqihar 麻
Harbin 大麻
Jiamusi 麻
Baicheng 大麻, 麻
Changchun 大麻
Tonghua 線麻
Shenyang 大麻, 線麻
Jinzhou 線麻
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 麻
Tangshan 麻
Cangzhou 麻
Baoding 麻
Shijiazhuang 大麻
Lijin 麻
Jinan 麻
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 線麻
Dandong 大麻, 麻
Yantai 麻
Qingdao 麻
Zhucheng 麻
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 麻
Jining 麻
Linfen 麻
Shangqiu 大麻, 麻
Yuanyang 麻
Zhengzhou 麻
Xinyang 麻
Baihe 麻
Xi'an 麻
Baoji 麻
Tianshui 大麻
Xining 大麻
Xuzhou 麻
Fuyang 麻
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 大麻, 麻
Lanzhou 大麻, 麻
Dunhuang 麻
Hami 麻
Ürümqi 麻, 大麻
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 大麻
Nanchong 黃麻, 火麻
Dazhou 麻
Hanyuan 麻
Xichang 大麻
Zigong 麻
Chongqing 麻
Wuhan 大麻
Yichang 大麻, 麻
Xiangyang 大麻, 麻
Tianmen 大麻, 麻
Guiyang 麻
Zunyi 黃麻
Bijie 麻
Liping 麻
Zhaotong 大麻
Dali 大麻
Kunming 大麻, 麻
Mengzi 麻
Guilin 大麻
Liuzhou 黃麻, 紅麻
Jishou 麻
Changde 麻
Hanzhong 大麻, 麻
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 麻
Yangzhou 大麻
Lianyungang 大麻
Lianshui 黃麻, 紅麻
Nantong 麻
Anqing 麻
Wuhu 麻
Hefei 大麻
Hong'an 線麻
Huizhou Shexian 麻
Jin Taiyuan 大麻子
Yangyuan 麻
Datong 麻
Xinzhou 麻子
Lüliang (Lishi) 麻子
Changzhi 麻
Linhe 大麻, 線麻
Jining 大麻
Hohhot 大麻
Erenhot 大麻
Pingshan 麻
Zhangjiakou 大麻
Handan 大麻, 麻
Linzhou 麻
Suide 麻子
Dialectal synonyms of 苧麻 (“ramie”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 苧麻
Taxonomic name 苧麻
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 苧麻
Harbin 苧麻
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 麻
Xi'an 苧麻
Xining 苧麻
Xuzhou 苧麻
Southwestern Mandarin Liuzhou 青麻, 元麻
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 苧麻
Yangzhou 剝皮麻
Cantonese Guangzhou 白麻
Dongguan 苧麻
Nanning 苧麻
Gan Lichuan 苧麻
Pingxiang 苧麻
Hakka Meixian 苧麻, 苧仔
Yudu 苧麻
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 苧仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 苧仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 苧仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 苧, 苧麻
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 苧
Huizhou Jixi 苧麻
Jin Taiyuan 苧麻
Eastern Min Fuzhou 苧
Southern Min Xiamen 苧仔
Zhao'an 苧仔
New Taipei (Tamsui) 苧仔
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 苧仔
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 苧仔
Yilan (Luodong) 苧仔
Yilan (Toucheng) 苧仔
Tainan (Anping) 苧仔
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 苧仔
Shantou 麻苧
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 苧麻
Wu Shanghai 苧麻
Danyang 大麻
Hangzhou 苧麻
Ningbo 苧麻
Wenzhou 苧
Jinhua 青麻
Xiang Loudi 苧麻
Dialectal synonyms of 芝麻 (“sesame”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 芝麻, 胡麻
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 芝麻
Taiwan 芝麻
Langfang 芝麻
Harbin 芝麻
Singapore 芝麻
Jilu Mandarin Tangshan 芝麻
Cangzhou 芝麻
Baoding 芝麻
Shijiazhuang 芝麻
Jinan 芝麻
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 芝麻
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 芝麻
Daming 芝麻
Wanrong 芝麻
Xi'an 芝麻
Xining 芝麻
Xuzhou 芝麻
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 芝麻
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 芝麻
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 芝麻
Lanzhou 芝麻
Ürümqi 芝麻
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 芝麻
Wuhan 芝麻, 麻子
Kunming 芝麻
Guilin 芝麻
Liuzhou 芝麻, 油麻
Mae Salong (Lancang) 芝麻
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 芝麻
Pematangsiantar 芝麻
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 芝麻
Yangzhou 芝麻
Hefei 芝麻
Cantonese Guangzhou 芝麻
Hong Kong 芝麻
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 芝麻
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 芝麻
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 芝麻
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 芝麻
Macau 芝麻
Guangzhou (Panyu) 芝麻
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 芝麻
Guangzhou (Conghua) 芝麻
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 芝麻
Foshan 芝麻
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 芝麻
Foshan (Shunde) 芝麻
Foshan (Sanshui) 芝麻
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 芝麻
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 芝麻
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 芝麻
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 芝麻
Zhuhai (Doumen) 芝麻
Jiangmen (Baisha) 芝麻
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 芝麻
Taishan 芝麻
Kaiping (Chikan) 芝麻
Enping (Niujiang) 芝麻
Heshan (Yayao) 芝麻
Dongguan 油麻
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 油麻
Qingyuan 芝麻
Fogang 芝麻
Yingde (Hanguang) 芝麻
Yangshan 芝麻
Lianshan (Butian) 麻子
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 麻子
Shaoguan 芝麻
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 芝麻
Renhua 芝麻
Lechang 芝麻
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 芝麻
Sihui 芝麻
Guangning 芝麻
Deqing 芝麻
Huaiji 芝麻
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 麻仔
Yunfu 油麻
Xinxing 芝麻
Luoding 芝麻
Yunan (Pingtai) 芝麻
Yangjiang 油麻
Xinyi 芝麻
Lianjiang 芝麻
Nanning 芝麻
Wuzhou 芝麻
Yulin 芝麻
Hepu (Lianzhou) 芝麻, 油麻
Hepu (Shatian) 油麻
Beihai 油麻
Beihai (Nankang) 油麻
Beihai (Yingpan) 油麻
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 芝麻, 油麻
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 芝麻
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 芝麻, 油麻
Danzhou 油麻
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 芝麻
Singapore (Guangfu) 芝麻
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 芝麻
Móng Cái 芝麻, 油麻
Bangkok (Guangfu) 芝麻
Gan Nanchang 芝麻
Lichuan 麻仔, 芝麻
Pingxiang 芝麻, 麻子
Hakka Meixian 麻仔, 麻
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 油麻
Dongguan (Qingxi) 油麻
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 油麻
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 油麻
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 芝麻
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 麻哩
Wuhua (Huacheng) 麻哩
Wuhua (Changbu) 油麻哩
Wuhua (Mianyang) 麻哩
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 油麻
Jiexi 油麻
Ninghua 麻仔
Yudu 芝麻
Shicheng 麻
Shangyou (Shexi) 麻子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 麻仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 麻仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 麻仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 麻
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 麻仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 麻子
Hong Kong 油麻
Luchuan (Daqiao) 芝麻
Sabah (Longchuan) 芝麻, 麻
Senai (Huiyang) 油麻
Singkawang 油麻
Bangkok (Jiexi) 油麻
Huizhou Jixi 油麻
Jin Taiyuan 芝麻
Pingyao 芝麻
Xinzhou 芝麻
Hohhot 芝麻
Zhangjiakou 芝麻
Handan 芝麻
Jiuxing Yumin Lanxi 芝麻
Northern Min Jian'ou 麻仔
Jianyang 麻仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 芝麻, 油麻
Fuqing 油麻
Southern Min Xiamen 麻
Quanzhou 麻
Jinjiang 油麻
Zhangzhou 麻
Dongshan 麻
Penang (Hokkien) 麻
Singapore (Hokkien) 麻, 油麻
Manila (Hokkien) 麻
Longyan 油麻
Datian 油麻
Pingnan (Shangdu) 油麻
Chaozhou 油麻
Shantou 油麻
Shantou (Chenghai) 油麻
Shantou (Chaoyang) 油麻
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 油麻
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 油麻
Jieyang 油麻
Lufeng 油麻
Haifeng 油麻
Bangkok (Teochew) 油麻
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 油麻
Pontianak (Teochew) 油麻
Leizhou 麻葈
Wenchang 油麻
Haikou 油麻
Puxian Min Putian 蓖麻, 芝麻
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 油麻
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 油麻
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 油麻
Xianyou 油麻
Xianyou (Fengting) 油麻
Xianyou (Youyang) 油麻
Central Min Yong'an 麻, 油麻
Sanming (Sanyuan) 麻
Sanming (Shaxian) 麻
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 油麻
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 油麻
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 芝麻
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 油麻
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 芝麻
Wu Shanghai 芝麻
Shanghai (Chongming) 芝麻
Suzhou 芝麻
Danyang 芝麻
Hangzhou 芝麻
Ningbo 芝麻
Wenzhou 芝麻
Jinhua 油麻
Xiang Changsha 芝麻
Loudi 油麻籽
Shuangfeng 油麻, 芝麻
Quanzhou 油麻

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 麻
Kyūjitai
[1]
麻󠄁
麻+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
麻󠄃
麻+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

[edit]
麻

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]
Compounds

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
あさ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Likely cognate with Korean 삼 (sam, “hemp”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(あさ) • (asa) 

  1. hemp
  2. flax
  3. linen
Derived terms
[edit]

Proper noun

[edit]

麻(あさ) • (Asa) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
お
Grade: S
kun'yomi

/wo/ → /o/

From Old Japanese 麻 (wo).[4]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(お) • (o) ←を (wo)?

  1. the hemp or ramie plant
  2. thread or yarn made from fibers derived from the bark of hemp or ramie stems

Etymology 3

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
そ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Possibly from an altered pronunciation of asa.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(そ) • (so) 

  1. hemp
Usage notes
[edit]

Most often found in compounds.

Etymology 4

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
ま
Grade: S
kan'yōon

From Middle Chinese 麻 (MC mae, “hemp”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(ま) • (ma) 

  1. hemp (plant)
  2. the bark of the hemp plant
  3. thread, yarn, or cloth made from the hemp fiber, used in the past for mourning clothes in China
Derived terms
[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2428 (paper), page 1266 (digital)
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  • Tsukishima, Hiroshi (c. 800) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 2: Shibunritsu Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

麻 (eumhun 삼 마 (sam ma))

  1. hanja form? of 마 (“hemp, jute, flax”)
  2. hanja form? of 마 (“sesame”)

Compounds

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

麻: Hán Nôm readings: ma, mà, mơ

  1. chữ Hán form of ma (“hemp, jute; sesame”).

Compounds

[edit]
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