替
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
[edit]替 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手人日 (QOA), four-corner 55603, composition ⿱㚘曰)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 503, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14300
- Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1515, character 8
- Unihan data for U+66FF
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 替 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 替 | |
| alternative forms | 暜 𤾕 𤽽 㬱 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 替 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 竝 + 曰 – two figures (竝) changing places. Two top components have been simplified from 立 to 夫.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): tai3
- Gan (Wiktionary): ti3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai / thi
- Jin (Wiktionary): ti3
- Eastern Min (BUC): tá̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5thi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tì
- Wade–Giles: tʻi4
- Yale: tì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
- Palladius: ти (ti)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tai3
- Yale: tai
- Cantonese Pinyin: tai3
- Guangdong Romanization: tei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ti3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai / thi
- Hakka Romanization System: tai / ti
- Hagfa Pinyim: tai4 / ti4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵/, /tʰi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ti3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰi⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: tá̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoeh
- Tâi-lô: thueh
- Phofsit Daibuun: toeq
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰueʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰueʔ⁵/
Note:
- thè - literary;
- thòe/thuì/thoeh - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ti3 / toi3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thì / thòi
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi²¹³/, /tʰoi²¹³/
Note:
- ti3 - literary;
- toi3 - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: thejH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤi[t]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tʰiːds/
Definitions
[edit]替
- to substitute for; to displace (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- for; in place of
- to decline; to go downhill; to be on the wane; to fall; to decay
- 曰：「有謂一向嚴華夷之防閑，守儒俗之界分，則勢孤力替。尊慕之義無以維持。則不問俗之華夷、人之舊新，破其畦稜，而與之成其事，亦時宜之一道也。其言如何？」 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
- From: 1946, writing by Kim Yeong'ik (金永益)
- Wal: "Yu wi ilhyang eom hwai ji banghan, su yu sok ji gyebun, jeuk se go ryeok che. Jonmo ji ui mu i yuji. Jeuk bulmun sok ji hwai, in ji gusin, pa gi hyu reung, i yeo ji seong gi sa, yeok siui ji il do ya. Gi eon yeoha?" [Sino-Korean]
- He said: "There are those who say that if we always hold firm to the limits of the hua and the yi and keep to the borders between the Confucian and profane worlds, our circumstances shall be forlorn and our strength faltering. The cause of honoring and commemorating is not upheld thereby. So if we disregard whether the customs are hua or yi or whether the people are of the old or new types, breaking these boundaries and achieving our aim along with them, this would also be a way to act appropriately for these times. What do you have to say?"
Synonyms
[edit]- (to substitute):
- (for):
Dialectal synonyms of 替 (“for”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 替, 為 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 給, 替 |
| Taiwan | 給, 替 | |
| Singapore | 替 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 給, 替 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 替, 給 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 幫, 給, 跟 |
| Wuhan | 跟, 幫 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 代, 替 |
| Hefei | 代, 幫 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 同, 幫 |
| Hong Kong | 同, 幫 | |
| Yangjiang | 替, 幐 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 跟, 幫 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 同, 代 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 替, 給 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 替, 幫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 替, 共 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 替, 共 |
| Quanzhou | 共 | |
| Zhangzhou | 共 | |
| Tainan | 替, 共 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 替, 共 | |
| Chaozhou | 代, 個 | |
| Jieyang | 個 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 幫, 搭 |
| Suzhou | 替, 搭 | |
| Wenzhou | 代 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 幫, 跟, 代 |
| Shuangfeng | 幫 | |
- (to decline):
Compounds
[edit]- 一替
- 一替一句
- 世代交替
- 交替 (jiāotì)
- 代替 (dàitì)
- 代替品
- 代替物
- 代替財／代替财
- 倒替 (dǎotì)
- 冒名頂替／冒名顶替 (màomíngdǐngtì)
- 凌替
- 抽替
- 拉替身兒／拉替身儿
- 捉生替死
- 接替 (jiētì)
- 接替栽培
- 新舊交替／新旧交替
- 更替 (gēngtì)
- 替人
- 替代 (tìdài)
- 替代作用
- 替代品 (tìdàipǐn)
- 替代能源
- 替僧
- 替力
- 替另
- 替天行道 (tìtiānxíngdào)
- 替子
- 替工 (tìgōng)
- 替手填腳／替手填脚
- 替換／替换 (tìhuàn)
- 替死鬼 (tìsǐguǐ)
- 替狗奪食／替狗夺食
- 替班 (tìbān)
- 替罪羊 (tìzuìyáng)
- 替罪羔羊
- 替考 (tìkǎo)
- 替聘
- 替補／替补
- 替身 (tìshēn)
- 替身演員／替身演员
- 替頭／替头
- 替頭兒／替头儿
- 槍替／枪替 (qiāngtì)
- 淪替／沦替
- 演替
- 激素替代療法／激素替代疗法 (jīsù tìdài liáofǎ)
- 獻可替否／献可替否
- 獻替可否／献替可否
- 興替／兴替 (xīngtì)
- 衰替
- 輪替／轮替 (lúntì)
- 進可替不／进可替不
- 進可替否／进可替否
- 陵替 (língtì)
- 隆替
- 零替
- 頂替／顶替 (dǐngtì)
References
[edit]- “替”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]替
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: てい (tei)
- Kun: かえる (kaeru, 替える, Jōyō)←かへる (kaferu, 替へる, historical)、かわる (kawaru, 替わる, Jōyō)←かはる (kafaru, 替はる, historical)、すたれる (sutareru, 替れる)
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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