替

See also: 賛 and 暜

替 U+66FF, 替 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66FF ← 曾 [U+66FE] CJK Unified Ideographs 最 → [U+6700]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

替 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手人日 (QOA), four-corner 5560₃, composition ⿱㚘曰)

Derived characters

• 僣, 譛, 鐟, 䲋, 䣠, 簮, 𠟆, 𠾱, 𡼫, 𢡚, 𣚽, 𤏖, 𥋋, 𦅦, 𦏋, 𦠛, 𦻘, 𨅕, 𩁀, 𩅮, 𩕗, 𩞲, 𪍲, 𪖽, 𱈻

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 503, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14300
• Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1515, character 8
• Unihan data for U+66FF

Chinese

trad.		替
simp. #		替
alternative forms		暜 𤾕 𤽽 㬱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 替
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (替) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
替	*tʰiːds
暜	*tʰiːds
僣	*tʰiːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 竝 + 曰 – two figures (竝) changing places. Two top components have been simplified from 立 to 夫.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tì (ti⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tai³
• Gan (Wiktionary): ti³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai / thi
• Jin (Wiktionary): ti³
• Eastern Min (BUC): tá̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thè / thòe / thùi / thoeh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ti³ / toi³

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵thi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tì
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tì
    • Wade–Giles: tʻi⁴
    • Yale: tì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
    • Palladius: ти (ti)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tai³
    • Yale: tai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: tei³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɐi̯³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ti³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai / thi
    • Hakka Romanization System: tai / ti
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ / ti⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵/, /tʰi⁵⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ti³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰi⁴⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tá̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thè
    • Tâi-lô: thè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tex
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung): /tʰe²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰe⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòe
    • Tâi-lô: thuè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: toex
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰue²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰue⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰue¹¹/
    • IPA (Lukang): /tʰue³¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /tʰue¹²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thùi
    • Tâi-lô: thuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tuix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰui²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰui¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoeh
    • Tâi-lô: thueh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: toeq
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰueʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰueʔ⁵/

Note:

• thè - literary;
• thòe/thuì/thoeh - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ti³ / toi³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thì / thòi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹³/, /tʰoi²¹³/

Note:

• ti3 - literary;
• toi3 - vernacular.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁵thi
    • MiniDict: thi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²thi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰi³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /tʰi⁵²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: thejH

Rime
Character	替
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他計切
Baxter	thejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰeiH/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰeiH/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛjH/
Li Rong	/tʰeiH/
Wang Li	/tʰieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tai3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤi[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰiːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	替
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tì
Middle Chinese	‹ thejH ›
Old Chinese	/*n̥ˁi[t]-s/
English	discard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	替
Reading #	1/1
No.	12378
Phonetic component	替
Rime group	至
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	替
Old Chinese	/*tʰiːds/
Notes	説文作暜

Definitions

替

1. to substitute for; to displace (Can we add an example for this sense?)
2. for; in place of

   他替我去了趟超市。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   Tā tì wǒ qù le tàng chāoshì. [Pinyin]

   He went to the supermarket for me. [Originally, I was the person who should go to the supermarket]

   需要我替您聯繫工程師嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   需要我替您联系工程师吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Xūyào wǒ tì nín liánxì gōngchéngshī ma? [Pinyin]

   Do you need me to contact an engineer for you?

   • 奴才替天下百姓感激皇太后恩典！ [MSC, trad. and simp.]

     From: 2010, The Firmament of the Pleiades

     Núcái tì tiānxià bǎixìng gǎnjī huángtàihòu ēndiǎn! [Pinyin]

     I, on behalf of the people throughout the world, [hereby] express my gratitude for the kindness of the empress dowager!

3. to decline; to go downhill; to be on the wane; to fall; to decay

   • 曰：「有謂一向嚴華夷之防閑，守儒俗之界分，則勢孤力替。尊慕之義無以維持。則不問俗之華夷、人之舊新，破其畦稜，而與之成其事，亦時宜之一道也。其言如何？」 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]

     From: 1946, writing by ​Kim Yeong'ik (金永益)

     Wal: "Yu wi ilhyang eom hwai ji banghan, su yu sok ji gyebun, jeuk se go ryeok che. Jonmo ji ui mu i yuji. Jeuk bulmun sok ji hwai, in ji gusin, pa gi hyu reung, i yeo ji seong gi sa, yeok siui ji il do ya. Gi eon yeoha?" [Sino-Korean]

     He said: "There are those who say that if we always hold firm to the limits of the hua and the yi and keep to the borders between the Confucian and profane worlds, our circumstances shall be forlorn and our strength faltering. The cause of honoring and commemorating is not upheld thereby. So if we disregard whether the customs are hua or yi or whether the people are of the old or new types, breaking these boundaries and achieving our aim along with them, this would also be a way to act appropriately for these times. What do you have to say?"

Synonyms

• (to substitute):

edit

• 交替 (jiāotì)
• 代替 (dàitì)
• 取代 (qǔdài)
• 岔換／岔换 (chàhuàn) (regional)
• 接替 (jiētì)
• 更代 (gēngdài)
• 更換／更换 (gēnghuàn)
• 更替 (gēngtì)
• 替代 (tìdài)
• 替換／替换 (tìhuàn)
• 疊代／叠代 (diédài) (literary)
• 調換／调换 (diàohuàn)
• 迭代 (diédài) (literary)

 

• (for):

Dialectal synonyms of 替 (“for”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		替, 為
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	給, 替
	Taiwan	給, 替
	Singapore	替
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	給, 替
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	替, 給
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	幫, 給, 跟
	Wuhan	跟, 幫
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	代, 替
	Hefei	代, 幫
Cantonese	Guangzhou	同, 幫
	Hong Kong	同, 幫
	Yangjiang	替, 幐
Gan	Nanchang	跟, 幫
Hakka	Meixian	同, 代
Jin	Taiyuan	替, 給
Northern Min	Jian'ou	替, 幫
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	替, 共
Southern Min	Xiamen	替, 共
	Quanzhou	共
	Zhangzhou	共
	Tainan	替, 共
	Singapore (Hokkien)	替, 共
	Chaozhou	代, 個
	Jieyang	個
Wu	Shanghai	幫, 搭
	Suzhou	替, 搭
	Wenzhou	代
Xiang	Changsha	幫, 跟, 代
	Shuangfeng	幫

• (to decline):

edit

• 式微 (shìwēi) (literary)
• 敗落／败落 (bàiluò)
• 沒落／没落 (mòluò)
• 淪落／沦落 (lúnluò)
• 漉柵／漉栅 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 破落 (pòluò) (in wealth and position)
• 衰微 (shuāiwēi) (literary)
• 衰敗／衰败 (shuāibài)
• 衰落 (shuāiluò)
• 陵替 (língtì) (literary)
• 零落 (língluò)

 

Compounds

• 一替
• 一替一句
• 世代交替
• 交替 (jiāotì)
• 代替 (dàitì)
• 代替品
• 代替物
• 代替財／代替财
• 倒替 (dǎotì)
• 冒名頂替／冒名顶替 (màomíngdǐngtì)
• 凌替
• 抽替
• 拉替身兒／拉替身儿
• 捉生替死
• 接替 (jiētì)
• 接替栽培
• 新舊交替／新旧交替
• 更替 (gēngtì)
• 替人
• 替代 (tìdài)
• 替代作用
• 替代品 (tìdàipǐn)
• 替代能源
• 替僧
• 替力
• 替另
• 替天行道 (tìtiānxíngdào)
• 替子
• 替工 (tìgōng)
• 替手填腳／替手填脚
• 替換／替换 (tìhuàn)
• 替死鬼 (tìsǐguǐ)
• 替狗奪食／替狗夺食
• 替班 (tìbān)
• 替罪羊 (tìzuìyáng)
• 替罪羔羊
• 替考 (tìkǎo)
• 替聘
• 替補／替补
• 替身 (tìshēn)
• 替身演員／替身演员
• 替頭／替头
• 替頭兒／替头儿
• 槍替／枪替 (qiāngtì)
• 淪替／沦替
• 演替
• 激素替代療法／激素替代疗法 (jīsù tìdài liáofǎ)
• 獻可替否／献可替否
• 獻替可否／献替可否
• 興替／兴替 (xīngtì)
• 衰替
• 輪替／轮替 (lúntì)
• 進可替不／进可替不
• 進可替否／进可替否
• 陵替 (língtì)
• 隆替
• 零替
• 頂替／顶替 (dǐngtì)

 

References

• “替”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

替

(Jōyō kanji)

1. exchange, replace
2. spare, substitute

Readings

• Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: てい (tei)
• Kun: かえる (kaeru, 替える, Jōyō)^{←かへる (kaferu, 替へる, historical)}、かわる (kawaru, 替わる, Jōyō)^{←かはる (kafaru, 替はる, historical)}、すたれる (sutareru, 替れる)

Korean

Hanja

替 (eumhun 바꿀 체 (bakkul che))

1. hanja form^? of 체 (“to change; switch”)

Vietnamese

Han character

替: Hán Nôm readings: thế

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.