Jump to content

指

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 🈯 [U+1F22F SQUARED CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6307]
指 U+6307, 指
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6307
← 挆
[U+6306] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 挈 →
[U+6308]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

[edit]

指 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手心日 (QPA), four-corner 51061, composition ⿰扌旨)

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 429, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12034
  • Dae Jaweon: page 778, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1873, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6307

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 指
simp. # 指
alternative forms 𢫾

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 指
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (旨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
稽 *kiː, *kʰiːʔ
詣 *ŋɡiːs
栺 *ŋɡiːs, *kji
榰 *klje
脂 *kji
鴲 *kji, *kjis
指 *kjiʔ
旨 *kjiʔ
恉 *kjiʔ
嗜 *ɡjis
蓍 *qʰlji
鰭 *ɡri
耆 *ɡri
鮨 *ɡri
鬐 *ɡri

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kjiʔ) : semantic 手 + phonetic 旨 (OC *kjiʔ).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note:
  • zai3, gi3 - vernacular;
  • zi3 - literary.
Note:
  • kí, chái/cháiⁿ/chúiⁿ/chán - vernacular;
  • chí - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: zi2 / zoin2 / zain2 / gi2 / zeng2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí / tsóiⁿ / tsáiⁿ / kí / tsṳ́ng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si⁵²/, /t͡sõĩ⁵²/, /t͡sãĩ⁵²/, /ki⁵²/, /t͡sɯŋ⁵²/
Note:
  • zi2 - literary;
  • zoin2/zain2 - vernacular (“finger”);
  • zoin2 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • zain2 - Jieyang;
  • gi2 - vernacular (“to point”);
  • zeng2 - colloquial (俗).
Rime
Character 指
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 脂 (17)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職雉切
Baxter tsyijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕˠiɪX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕᵚiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiɪX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cjiX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕjiX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕiX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 指
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyijX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mə.kijʔ/
English finger; point

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 指
Reading # 1/1
No. 17325
Phonetic
component 		旨
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		旨
Old
Chinese 		/*kjiʔ/

Definitions

[edit]

指

  1. finger (Classifier: 個／个 mn-t)
    手指  ―  shǒuzhǐ  ―  finger
  2. to point; to point out; to aim
    指出  ―  zhǐchū  ―  to point out
    指人  ―  zhǐ rén  ―  to point at a person
  3. to indicate; to show; to demonstrate
  4. to refer to; to mean
    春天指的是冬天後面的那個季節。 [MSC, trad.]
    春天指的是冬天后面的那个季节。 [MSC, simp.]
    Chūntiān zhǐ de shì dōngtiān hòumiàn de nàge jìjié. [Pinyin]
    Spring refers to the season after winter.
  5. to rely on; to depend on
  6. to criticize; to rebuke
  7. to make one’s hair stand on end
  8. Classifier for fingerwidths.

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 手指 (“finger”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 指
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 手指
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 手指頭
Taiwan 手指, 手指頭
Chengde 手指頭
Chifeng 手指頭, 指頭
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 手指頭
Heihe 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Qiqihar 指頭
Harbin 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Jiamusi 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Baicheng 手指頭
Changchun 手指頭
Tonghua 手指頭
Shenyang 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Jinzhou 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Singapore 手指
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 手指頭
Tangshan 手指, 手指頭
Cangzhou 手指頭
Baoding 手指頭
Shijiazhuang 指頭兒
Lijin 手指頭
Jinan 手指頭, 手指
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 手指頭
Dandong 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Yantai 手指頭
Yantai (Muping) 手指頭兒, 指頭
Qingdao 手指頭
Zhucheng 手指頭, 手拇指頭兒
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 指頭
Lingbao 指頭
Jining 手指頭
Wanrong 手圪頭
Linfen 指頭
Shangqiu 手指頭, 指頭
Yuanyang 手指, 指頭
Zhengzhou 手指頭
Xinyang 手指頭
Baihe 手指頭, 指頭
Xi'an 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Baoji 手指頭, 指頭
Tianshui 手指頭
Xining 手指頭
Xuzhou 手指頭, 手指
Fuyang 手指, 手指頭
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 指頭
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 手指頭, 指頭
Lanzhou 手指頭, 指頭
Dunhuang 手指頭
Hami 指頭
Ürümqi 手指頭
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 手指拇兒, 手指
Nanchong 手指拇兒
Dazhou 指拇兒
Hanyuan 指頭子
Xichang 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Zigong 指拇兒
Chongqing 指拇兒
Wuhan 指甲, 手指, 手指頭
Yichang 手指頭, 指頭
Xiangyang 手指頭, 指頭
Tianmen 指頭, 指甲
Guiyang 手指頭
Zunyi 手指頭兒
Bijie 手指頭
Liping 指丫崽
Zhaotong 手指頭
Dali 手指頭
Kunming 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Mengzi 手指頭, 指頭
Guilin 指媽, 手指
Liuzhou 手指頭, 手指, 指頭
Jishou 手指頭兒
Changde 手指
Hanzhong 手指, 手指頭, 指頭
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 手指抹頭, 手指頭
Yangzhou 麻指, 手指頭, 指頭, 手指
Lianyungang 手指頭
Lianshui 手指頭
Nantong 手爪兒, 手指頭, 手指末頭兒
Anqing 手指頭
Wuhu 手指頭, 手指拇頭子
Hefei 手指頭, 末爪頭, 末爪頭子, 手爪子
Huanggang 指丫兒
Hong'an 指甲
Cantonese Guangzhou 手指
Hong Kong 手指
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 手指
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 手指
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 手指
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 手指
Macau 手指
Guangzhou (Panyu) 手指
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 手指
Guangzhou (Conghua) 手指頭
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 手指
Foshan 手指
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 手指
Foshan (Shunde) 手指
Foshan (Sanshui) 手指
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 手指
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 手指
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 手指
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 手指
Zhuhai (Doumen) 手指
Jiangmen (Baisha) 手指
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 手指
Taishan 手指, 手仔
Kaiping (Chikan) 手指
Enping (Niujiang) 手指
Heshan (Yayao) 手指
Dongguan 手指
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 手指
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 手指
Shaoguan 手指
Yunfu 手指
Yangjiang 手指
Xinyi 手指
Lianjiang 手指
Nanning 手指
Wuzhou 手指
Yulin 手兒
Hepu (Lianzhou) 手指
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 手指
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 手指
Gan Nanchang 指頭子, 指頭, 手指頭, 指姆頭子, 手指姆頭子, 手指丫
Lichuan 手節
Pingxiang 手指腦
Hakka Meixian 手指
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 手指
Dongguan (Qingxi) 手指
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 手指
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 手指
Heyuan (Bendihua) 手指
Liannan 手指
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 手指
Jiexi 手指頭
Changting 手指頭
Yudu 手指
Shicheng 手指腦
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 手指
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 手指
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 手指
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 手指
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 手指
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 手指頭, 手指
Hong Kong 手指仔
Luchuan (Daqiao) 手指
Senai (Huiyang) 手指
Singkawang 手指
Huizhou Jixi 指頭, 手指頭
Shexian 手拇頭, 手指頭
Huangshan (Tunxi) 指指兒, 手指指兒頭
Xiuning 手指指兒
Yixian 手指頭兒
Qimen 手指
Wuyuan 手指頭
Jin Taiyuan 手指頭, 指頭兒
Pingyao 指頭兒
Yangyuan 手指, 指頭
Datong 手指頭兒, 指頭兒
Xinzhou 指頭
Lüliang (Lishi) 指頭兒
Changzhi 手指頭
Linhe 指頭子
Jining 手指頭
Hohhot 指頭, 指頭子
Erenhot 手指頭, 指頭
Pingshan 手指頭, 指頭
Zhangjiakou 手指頭兒
Handan 手指
Linzhou 手指頭
Suide 手指頭兒, 指頭兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 手指仔
Jian'ou (Dikou) 手仔
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 手仔
Pucheng (Shibei) 手指仔, 手爪仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 掌指, 手掌指, 手指
Fuzhou (Changle) 掌指
Fuqing 手掌指
Yongtai 掌指
Gutian 掌指
Fu'an 掌頭
Ningde 掌頭
Shouning 掌頭囝
Zhouning 掌頭
Fuding 掌頭囝
Matsu 掌指, 手掌指
Southern Min Xiamen 掌頭仔, 手爪
Quanzhou 掌頭仔, 手爪
Jinjiang 掌頭仔
Anxi 掌頭仔
Yongchun 掌頭囝
Dehua 掌頭囝
Zhangzhou 手掌頭仔, 手掌指仔, 手掌指, 掌頭仔, 掌指仔, 掌指, 手爪, 手指
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 掌頭仔
Zhao'an 手掌指仔
Dongshan 手掌頭仔
Taipei 掌頭仔
New Taipei (Sanxia) 掌頭仔
Kaohsiung 掌頭仔
Yilan 掌頭仔
Changhua (Lukang) 掌頭仔
Taichung 掌頭仔
Tainan 掌頭仔
Hsinchu 掌頭仔
Kinmen 掌頭仔
Penghu (Magong) 掌頭仔
Penang (Hokkien) 手指, 惹捚
Singapore (Hokkien) 手掌頭仔, 掌頭仔, 手爪
Manila (Hokkien) 掌頭仔
Longyan 手指仔
Zhangping 手指
Zhangping (Yongfu) 手指仔
Datian 手指頭
Pingnan (Shangdu) 手指
Chaozhou 手指
Shantou 手指
Jieyang 指
Haifeng 手指仔
Bangkok (Teochew) 手指
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 指
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 手指
Singapore (Teochew) 手指
Leizhou 手囝
Wenchang 手囝
Haikou 手囝
Puxian Min Putian 手指頭
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 手指, 手指頭
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 手指
Shehua Fu'an 手仔
Fuding 手仔
Luoyuan 手仔
Sanming 手仔
Shunchang 手仔
Hua'an 手指
Guixi (Zhangping) 手指仔
Cangnan 手仔
Jingning (Hexi) 手指仔
Lishui 手仔
Longyou 手仔
Chaozhou 手指
Fengshun 手指
Wu Shanghai 手節頭, 手指頭, 節頭官, 節頭骨
Shanghai (Chongming) 手節頭, 節頭
Suzhou 手節頭
Wuxi 手節頭
Danyang 指頭, 手指頭, 手拇指頭
Hangzhou 手指頭兒, 手指頭
Ningbo 指末頭, 手指末頭
Wenzhou 手指頭兒, 指頭兒
Jinhua 手拇執頭, 手指頭
Jinhua (Tangxi) 手末節頭
Xiang Changsha 手指腦, 手指拇
Xiangtan 手指腦
Loudi 手指腦
Shuangfeng 手指腦
Hengyang 手指腦
Quanzhou 手指頭

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • → Thai: ชี้ (chíi, “to point”)

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
指

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ゆび (yubi, 指, Jōyō)、さす (sasu, 指す, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: むね (mune)

Etymology

[edit]
Kanji in this term
指
ゆび
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *oyonpE.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

指(ゆび) • (yubi)  (counter 本)

  1. a finger (including thumb)
  2. 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 38:
    指 唐韵云、指. 音旨、由比、俗云於與比
    Finger The Tangyun calls it a finger, sound shi, [Japanese] yubi, commonly called oyobi

(alternative reading hiragana および, rōmaji oyobi)

  1. a finger
  2. 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 38:
    指 唐韵云、指. 音旨、由比、俗云於與比
    Finger The Tangyun calls it a finger, sound shi, [Japanese] yubi, commonly called oyobi

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese 指 (MC tsyijX). Recorded as Middle Korean 지〮 (cí) (Yale: ci) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

指 (eumhun 손가락 지 (son'garak ji))

  1. hanja form? of 지 (“finger”)

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Okinawan

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
指

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

指(いーび) (ībi) 

  1. finger

Derived terms

[edit]

Southern Amami Ōshima

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
指

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Noun

[edit]

指(っいぃーび) ('yībi) 

  1. finger

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

指: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ, xỉ, chỏ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=指&oldid=83516359"