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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: and
U+5E79, 幹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E79

[U+5E78]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5E7A]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 51, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十十人一十 (JJOMJ), four-corner 48441, composition 𠦝𫢉)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 341, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9183
  • Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 409, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5E79

Chinese

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trad.
simp. *
alternative forms
𫢉

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːns) : semantic + phonetic (OC *kaːn).

Etymology 1

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The vulgar sense entered Mandarin from Hokkien (kàn), as shares the same pronunciation with in Hokkien.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • gáng - literary;
  • guāng - colloquial.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kanH/
Li
Rong
/kɑnH/
Wang
Li
/kɑnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gon3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ kanH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁar-s/
English stem; framework

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3587
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːns/

Definitions

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  1. main part of something; body; trunk
      ―  shùgàn  ―  trunk of a plant
      ―  gàn  ―  body of animals
      ―  gàndào  ―  main road; high street
  2. (colloquial) to do
    什麼什么  ―  Nǐ zài gàn shénme?  ―  What are you doing?
  3. to work
      ―  gànhuó  ―  to work
    什麼什么  ―  Nǐ shì gàn shénme de?  ―  What is your job?
  4. (vulgar) to fuck; to engage in sexual intercourse
    恁娘恁娘 [Hokkien]  ―  Kàn-lín-niâ! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Fuck your mother!
    你媽你妈  ―  Gàn nǐ mā!  ―  Fuck your mother!
  5. (vulgar) to kill
      ―  Gàndiào tā!  ―  Kill him!
  6. (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to steal
    ?! [MSC, trad.]
    ?! [MSC, simp.]
    Shéi gàn zǒu le wǒ de bǐ?! [Pinyin]
    Who stole my pen?!
  7. (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to blame; to condemn
      ―  gōng gàn  ―  criticized by everyone
  8. (Taiwan, vulgar, colloquial) Expressing dismay or discontent.
  9. (dialectal Mandarin) to sort someone out
    [Northeastern Mandarin]  ―  Xìn bù xìn wǒ gàn nǐ? [Pinyin]  ―  Believe it or not, I'll sort you out .
Synonyms
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  • (to do):
  • (to fuck):

Compounds

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Descendants

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. just
  2. calm
  3. Alternative form of (heavenly stem)
  4. dead

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
hán
Middle
Chinese
‹ han ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ]ˁar/
English wall of a well

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of  / (hán, fence around a well)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
  • Kun: みき (miki, , Jōyō)から (kara, )

Etymology 1

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(miki): a tree trunk.
Kanji in this term
みき
Grade: 5
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of () (mi, body) + () (ki, tree).[1][2][3]

First cited to a text from 1726.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(みき) (miki

  1. [from 1726] the trunk or core of something:
    1. a tree trunk
    2. a plant stalk

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
から
Grade: 5
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
からS
[counter] used to count items with shafts
[noun] the trunk or stem of a plant
[noun] the shaft of an arrow
[noun] the shaft, haft, or handle of a tool
[prefix] describes something with a stem, shaft, or handle
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
かん
Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC kanH).

Pronunciation

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Affix

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(かん) (kan

  1. tree trunk; stem
  2. main part; core
  3. talent; capability
Derived terms
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ ”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  4. 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(gan) (hangeul , revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: can, cán, hàn
: Nôm readings: cán

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.