止

See also: 只 and 足

止 U+6B62, 止 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B62 ← 歡 [U+6B61] CJK Unified Ideographs 正 → [U+6B63]

⽌ U+2F4C, ⽌ KANGXI RADICAL STOP ← ⽋ [U+2F4B] Kangxi Radicals ⽍ → [U+2F4D]

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

• 𣥂
• 龰 (when used as a bottom radical)

Note that 龰 may also be a component of the radicals 疋 (𤴓/𤴔), 辵 (辶), 走, and 足 (𧾷).

Han character

止 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜中一 (YLM), four-corner 2110₀, composition ⿱⿰丨⺊一 or ⿻上丨 or ⿻⺊丄)

1. Kangxi radical #77, ⽌.
2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №27

Derived characters

• Appendix:Chinese radical/止
• 𠇈, 𠯽, 址, 𪥧, 𭖇, 𢓊, 𪫣, 扯, 沚, 阯, 𨑭, 杫, 𣧐, 𪸔, 𭨪, 砋, 祉, 䄳, 𧘲, 䊼, 耻, 𧉀, 訨(𫟞), 𧺠, 趾, 𨊺, 䤠, 𩉮
• 𣢃, 𧠛, 頉, 𩾰, 𠂛, 企, 𭆨, 𧾷, 𫰏, 𫲺, 芷, 𭟰, 𪰊, 𦊆, 䇛, 𬯪, 𠹜, 𣥔, 𬈰, 𠣏, 𫧎, 𤵁, 凪, 𫭠, 𡵩, 𣏔, 肯, 𥎩, 𥘣, 𦙡, 𧉘, 𧖭, 𧣆, 𥎼, 𭪠, 𤉭, 齒(齿)
• 之, 足, 㢟, 延 (originally contain 止)

Descendants

• と (Hiragana character derived from Man'yōgana)
• ト (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 573, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16253
• Dae Jaweon: page 961, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1435, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6B62

Chinese

simp. and trad.		止

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 止
Shang		Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (止) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
祉	*kʰlɯʔ
址	*kjɯʔ
止	*kjɯʔ
趾	*kjɯʔ
芷	*kjɯʔ
沚	*kjɯʔ
阯	*kjɯʔ
齒	*kʰjɯʔ
紕	*be, *pʰi, *kʰjɯʔ

Pictogram (象形) – a footprint pointing up, originally meaning "foot". The derivative 趾 (OC *kjɯʔ) refers to the original meaning. Compare 手 (“hand”). Note that in oracle script, composed of 3 toes and a sole.

Compare to 夊, 夂, which have similar shape in oracle script, but pointing down (toe pointing right), and 𡕒 (as in right side of 舛, roughly ヰ, toe pointing left), hence different evolution.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²
• Gan (Wiktionary): zi³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zi³

• Jin (Wiktionary): zi²
• Northern Min (KCR): cǐ
• Eastern Min (BUC): cī
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zi²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsy
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhr³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
    • Wade–Giles: chih³
    • Yale: jř
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zi³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zi²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǐ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
    • Tâi-lô: tsí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zi²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsy
    • MiniDict: tsy^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zhr³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sz̩⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyiX

Rime
Character	止
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸市切
Baxter	tsyiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*təʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kjɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	止
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyiX ›
Old Chinese	/*təʔ/
English	foot; stop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	止
Reading #	1/1
No.	17297
Phonetic component	止
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	止
Old Chinese	/*kjɯʔ/
Notes	趾初文

Definitions

止

1. ^† foot
2. to stop; to halt

   休止  ―  xiūzhǐ  ―  to stop

3. to bring to an end; to stop; to relieve

   止癢／止痒  ―  zhǐyǎng  ―  to stop itching (irritation)

4. to end; to finish
5. only (original form of 只 (zhǐ))
6. 71st tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍌)
7. (literary, archaic) Sentence-final particle indicating an emphasis.

Synonyms

• (to stop):

edit

• 中斷／中断 (zhōngduàn)
• 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
• 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
• 停 (tíng)
• 停歇 (tíngxiē)
• 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
• 夭閼／夭阏 (yǎo'è)
• 干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
• 放煞 (Min Nan)
• 斷站／断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 斷節／断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 暫停／暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
• 歇 (xiē)
• 止息 (zhǐxī)
• 止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 瀦／潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 煞 (Hokkien)
• 煞手 (Hokkien)
• 甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
• 終止／终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
• 絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
• 罷／罢
• 罷休／罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
• 罷手／罢手 (bàshǒu)
• 間斷／间断
• 須／须 (xū) (literary)
• 頓／顿

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “stop”): 始 (shǐ)

Compounds

• 不止 (bùzhǐ)
• 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
• 以戰止戰／以战止战
• 以殺止殺／以杀止杀
• 以湯止沸／以汤止沸
• 令行禁止 (lìngxíngjìnzhǐ)
• 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
• 仰止
• 休止符 (xiūzhǐfú)
• 何止 (hézhǐ)
• 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
• 制止 (zhìzhǐ)
• 動止／动止
• 勸止／劝止 (quànzhǐ)
• 古文觀止／古文观止 (Gǔwén Guānzhǐ)
• 吉祥止止
• 喝止 (hèzhǐ)
• 嘆為觀止／叹为观止 (tànwéiguānzhǐ)
• 大家舉止／大家举止
• 妨止
• 學無止境／学无止境 (xuéwúzhǐjìng)
• 官止神行
• 居止
• 底止
• 廢止／废止 (fèizhǐ)
• 心如止水 (xīnrúzhǐshuǐ)
• 戛然而止 (jiárán'érzhǐ)
• 戢止
• 截止 (jiézhǐ)
• 戾止
• 扇火止沸
• 投止
• 抑止 (yìzhǐ)
• 投膏止火
• 抽薪止沸
• 掛失止付／挂失止付
• 揚湯止沸／扬汤止沸 (yángtāngzhǐfèi)
• 摩訶止觀／摩诃止观
• 明德止善
• 暫止／暂止
• 望梅止渴 (wàngméizhǐkě)
• 望門投止／望门投止
• 棲止／栖止
• 欲言又止 (yùyányòuzhǐ)
• 歎為觀止／叹为观止 (tànwéiguānzhǐ)
• 止不住
• 止亂／止乱 (zhǐluàn)
• 止付
• 止住 (zhǐzhù)
• 止兌／止兑
• 止咳 (zhǐké)
• 止嘔／止呕
• 止境 (zhǐjìng)
• 止宿 (zhǐsù)
• 止息 (zhǐxī)
• 止惡揚善／止恶扬善 (zhǐ'èyángshàn)
• 止戈
• 止戈散馬／止戈散马
• 止戈為武／止戈为武 (zhǐgēwéiwǔ)
• 止戈興仁／止戈兴仁
• 止戰／止战
• 止持戒
• 止於至善／止于至善 (zhǐyúzhìshàn)
• 止暴禁非
• 止步 (zhǐbù)
• 止殺／止杀
• 止水 (zhǐshuǐ)
• 止泊
• 止渴 (zhǐkě)
• 止渴思梅
• 止渴飲鴆／止渴饮鸩
• 止痛 (zhǐtòng)
• 止痛藥／止痛药 (zhǐtòngyào)
• 止癢／止痒 (zhǐyǎng)
• 止血 (zhǐxuè)
• 止血劑／止血剂
• 止血帶／止血带 (zhǐxuèdài)
• 止血法
• 止血點／止血点
• 止觀／止观 (zhǐguān)
• 止詞／止词
• 止談風月／止谈风月
• 止謗／止谤
• 止足之分
• 止遏
• 止酒
• 止頓／止顿
• 歸止／归止
• 死而後止／死而后止
• 永無止境／永无止境 (yǒngwúzhǐjìng)
• 汐止 (Xīzhǐ)
• 沒行止／没行止
• 流行坎止
• 淺嘗則止／浅尝则止
• 淺嘗輒止／浅尝辄止 (qiǎnchángzhézhǐ)
• 漫無止境／漫无止境
• 為止／为止 (wéizhǐ)
• 無止境／无止境 (wúzhǐjìng)
• 無行止／无行止
• 生津止渴
• 知止 (zhīzhǐ)
• 知足知止
• 禁止 (jìnzhǐ)
• 終止／终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
• 縱風止燎／纵风止燎
• 舉止／举止 (jǔzhǐ)
• 舉止不凡／举止不凡
• 舉止大方／举止大方
• 舉止失措／举止失措
• 舉止嫻雅／举止娴雅
• 舉止形容／举止形容
• 舉止言語／举止言语
• 舉止言談／举止言谈
• 舉止閑冶／举止闲冶
• 舉止風流／举止风流
• 舉止高雅／举止高雅
• 蒞止／莅止
• 蠅止／蝇止
• 行止 (xíngzhǐ)
• 補氣止血／补气止血
• 規行矩止／规行矩止
• 覯止／觏止
• 觀止／观止 (guānzhǐ)
• 言行舉止／言行举止
• 言談舉止／言谈举止 (yántánjǔzhǐ)
• 說梅止渴／说梅止渴
• 豈止／岂止 (qǐzhǐ)
• 進止／进止
• 遏止 (èzhǐ)
• 適可而止／适可而止 (shìkě'érzhǐ)
• 遮止
• 防止 (fángzhǐ)
• 阻止 (zǔzhǐ)
• 靜止／静止 (jìngzhǐ)
• 飲鴆止渴／饮鸩止渴 (yǐnzhènzhǐkě)
• 高山仰止 (gāoshānyǎngzhǐ)
• 高軒蒞止／高轩莅止
• 鳳止高梧／凤止高梧
• 點到為止／点到为止 (diǎndàowéizhǐ)

 

Japanese

Kanji

止

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. (とめる): to stop
2. (やめる): to stop, to terminate

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: とまる (tomaru, 止まる, Jōyō)、とめる (tomeru, 止める, Jōyō)、とどまる (todomaru, 止まる)、とどめる (todomeru, 止める)、やむ (yamu, 止む)、やめる (yameru, 止める)、よす (yosu, 止す)、さす (sasu, 止す)

Compounds

Compounds

• 止観(しかん) (shikan)
  • 止観業(しかんごう) (shikan-gō)
  • 止観(しかん)十乗(じゅうじょう) (shikan jūjō)
  • 一乗(いちじょう)止観院(しかんいん) (ichijō shikan-in)
  • 真言(しんごん)止観(しかん) (shingon shikan)
  • 天台(てんだい)止観(しかん) (tendai shikan)
  • 摩訶(まか)止観(しかん) (maka shikan)
• 止(し)汗(かん)剤(ざい) (shikanzai, “antiperspirant”)
• 止(し)血(けつ) (shiketsu)
• 止(し)止(し)不(ふ)須(しゅ)説(せつ) (shishifushusetsu)
• 止(し)瀉(しゃ)剤(ざい) (shishazai, “antidiarrheal”)
• 止(し)宿(しゅく) (shishuku)
• 止(し)住(じゅう) (shijū)
• 止(し)水(すい) (shisui)
• 止(し)痛(つう) (shitsū)
• 止(し)動(どう)方(ほう)角(がく) (shidōhōgaku)
• 止揚(しよう) (shiyō, “sublation”)
• 止(し)痢(り)剤(ざい) (shirizai)
• 止(と)まり木(ぎ) (tomarigi)
• 止(とめ)句(く) (tomeku)
• 止(とめ)相(そう)場(ば) (tomesōba, “stop price”)
• 止(と)め針(ばり), 止(とめ)針(ばり) (tomebari, “pin”)
• 止(とめ)偏(へん) (tome-hen)
• 止(と)め弁(べん) (tomeben, “stop valve”)
• 遏止(あっし) (asshi)
• 駅(えき)止(ど)め (eki-dome, “delivery of freight by train”)
• 依止(えじ) (eji)
• 核(かく)抑(よく)止(し) (kakuyokushi, “nuclear deterrence”)
• 鎌(かま)止(ど)め (kama-dome, “prohibition on cutting grass”)
• 川(かわ)止(ど)め (kawa-dome, “suspension of ferry service”)
• 諫(かん)止(し) (kanshi, “dissuasion”)
• 客(きゃく)止(ど)め (kyaku-dome, “full house”)
• 休(きゅう)止(し) (kyūshi)
• 競業(きょうぎょう)避止(ひし) (kyōgyō hishi, “noncompete clause”)
• 挙止(きょし) (kyoshi, “bearing; deportment”)
• 拒止(きょし) (kyoshi, “refusal”)
• 禁止(きんし) (kinshi)
• 魚鳥(ぎょうちょう)止(ど)め (gyōchō-dome)
• 車(くるま)止(ど)め (kuruma-dome, “buffer stop”)
• 車輪(しゃりん)止(ど)め (sharin-dome, “chock”)
• 終(しゅう)止(し) (shūshi)
• 笑(しょう)止(し) (shōshi)
• 進(しん)止(し) (shinshi)
• 制(せい)止(し) (seishi)
• 静(せい)止(し) (seishi)
• 咳(せき)止(ど)め (seki-dome, “cough medicine”)
• 阻止(そし), 沮止(そし) (soshi)
• 体言(たいげん)止(ど)め (taigen-dome)
• 血止(ちど)め (chi-dome, “styptic”)
• 中(ちゅう)止(し) (chūshi)
• 丁々(ちょうちょう)発止(はっし) (chōchōhasshi)
• 停(てい)止(し) (teishi)
• 底(てい)止(し) (teishi)
• 動(どう)止(し) (dōshi)
• 廃(はい)止(し) (haishi)
• 波止場(はとば) (hatoba)
• 閉(へい)止(し) (heishi, “stoppage”)
• 防(ぼう)止(し) (bōshi)
• 明(めい)鏡(きょう)止(し)水(すい) (meikyōshisui)
• 黙(もく)止(し) (mokushi, “keeping quiet”)
• 山(やま)止(ど)め (yama-dome, “landslide prevention wall”)
• 雪(ゆき)止(ど)め (yuki-dome, “snow guard, snow stopper”)
• 容(よう)止(し) (yōshi)
• 抑(よく)止(し) (yokushi)
• 乎(を)古(こ)止(と)点(てん) (okototen)

Korean

Hanja

止 (eumhun 그칠 지 (geuchil ji))

1. hanja form^? of 지 (“stop”)

Vietnamese

Han character

止: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.