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λύω

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: λυῶ

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- (to cut off, separate, free), (which Beekes reconstructs as *lh₁u-). Cognates include Latin luō (expiate, pay), Sanskrit लुनाति (lunā́ti, to sever, cut forth, destroy, annihilate), English loose, and possibly Old Armenian լուծանեմ (lucanem) and Albanian lirë.[1]

According to Beekes the stem vowel was originally short (λῠ-), to be lengthened only later in Attic (and sometimes in Homer; λῡ-) due to the influence of a laryngeal. The upsilon remains short () before temporal endings beginning with <κ, θ, μ> and at all paragoga (derivatives). But compounds' prosody, as for λῡ́ω.

Derivatives, from stems λῠσ-, λῠσῐ- (compounds with λῡσῐ-), λῠτ-.

Unrelated to κωλῡ́ω (kōlū́ō, prevent), ὄλλῡμῐ (óllūmi, destroy, lose) or λύσσᾰ (lússa, rage).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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λῡ́ω (lū́ō)

  1. to loose, loosen, untie
  2. to slacken
  3. to unbend
  4. to set free, release
  5. to redeem
  6. to dissolve, sever
  7. to break (up), destroy
  8. to abrogate, annul
  9. to atone, amend
  10. to profit, to be useful
  11. to discharge, fulfill, pay off

Inflection

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Derived terms

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expressions:

Derivatives from λῡ́ω (and see their compounds):

Compounds with λῡ́ω (and see their Derived terms):

Descendants

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  • English: lyo-, ly-
  • Greek: λύνω (lýno)
  • Greek: λύω (lýo)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λύω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 881-2

Further reading

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Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek λῡ́ω (lū́ō). Also see λύνω (lýno).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈli.o/
  • Hyphenation: λύ‧ω

Verb

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λύω (lýo) (past έλυσα, passive λύομαι) (formal)

  1. to terminate, adjourn, end (especially in passive form)
    λύεται η συνεδρίασηlýetai i synedríasi(especially of court) the session is adjourned
    λύεται η σύμβασηlýetai i sýmvasithe contract is terminated
  2. to dismantle, disassemblesee participle λυόμενος

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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Compounds of the ancient λύω (and see their Derivatives):