ῥήγνυμι
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁ǵ-; compare Old Armenian երգիծանեմ (ergicanem, “I tear, dissect”), Lithuanian rėžti, and Old Church Slavonic рѣзати (rězati, “to cut, slaughter”).[1] Also compare Latin frangō and Old English brecan (English break), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-. Further compare Sanskrit रुजति (rujati, “break up, break open, shatter”) and Albanian rrege.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /r̥ɛ̌ː.ɡnyː.mi/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈre̝.ɡny.mi/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈri.ɣny.mi/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈri.ɣny.mi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈri.ɣni.mi/
Verb
[edit]ῥήγνῡμῐ • (rhḗgnūmi)
- (transitive) to break asunder, tear, rend, shatter
- to break through a line or body of men
- (post-Homeric) to break into speech, speak out
- to burst into tears
- (passive voice) to break, burst
- (intransitive) to break, burst forth
- Comica Adespota 661
Inflection
[edit] Present: ῥήγνῡμῐ, ῥήγνῠμαι
Imperfect: ἐρρήγνῡν, ἐρρηγνῠ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐρρήγνῡν | ἐρρήγνῡς | ἐρρήγνῡ | ἐρρήγνῠτον | ἐρρηγνῠ́την | ἐρρήγνῠμεν | ἐρρήγνῠτε | ἐρρήγνῠσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐρρηγνῠ́μην | ἐρρήγνῠσο | ἐρρήγνῠτο | ἐρρήγνῠσθον | ἐρρηγνῠ́σθην | ἐρρηγνῠ́μεθᾰ | ἐρρήγνῠσθε | ἐρρήγνῠντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῥήγνυσκον | ῥήγνυσκες | ῥήγνυσκε(ν) | ῥηγνύσκετον | ῥηγνυσκέτην | ῥηγνύσκομεν | ῥηγνύσκετε | ῥήγνυσκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῥηγνυσκόμην | ῥηγνύσκου | ῥηγνύσκετο | ῥηγνύσκεσθον | ῥηγνυσκέσθην | ῥηγνυσκόμε(σ)θᾰ | ῥηγνύσκεσθε | ῥηγνύσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῥήξω | ῥήξεις | ῥήξει | ῥήξετον | ῥήξετον | ῥήξομεν | ῥήξετε | ῥήξουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ῥήξοιμῐ | ῥήξοις | ῥήξοι | ῥήξοιτον | ῥηξοίτην | ῥήξοιμεν | ῥήξοιτε | ῥήξοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ῥήξομαι | ῥήξῃ, ῥήξει |
ῥήξεται | ῥήξεσθον | ῥήξεσθον | ῥηξόμεθᾰ | ῥήξεσθε | ῥήξονται | ||||
optative | ῥηξοίμην | ῥήξοιο | ῥήξοιτο | ῥήξοισθον | ῥηξοίσθην | ῥηξοίμεθᾰ | ῥήξοισθε | ῥήξοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ῥᾰγήσομαι | ῥᾰγήσῃ | ῥᾰγήσεται | ῥᾰγήσεσθον | ῥᾰγήσεσθον | ῥᾰγησόμεθᾰ | ῥᾰγήσεσθε | ῥᾰγήσονται | ||||
optative | ῥᾰγησοίμην | ῥᾰγήσοιο | ῥᾰγήσοιτο | ῥᾰγήσοισθον | ῥᾰγησοίσθην | ῥᾰγησοίμεθᾰ | ῥᾰγήσοισθε | ῥᾰγήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ῥήξειν | ῥήξεσθαι | ῥᾰγήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ῥήξων | ῥηξόμενος | ῥᾰγησόμενος | |||||||||
f | ῥήξουσᾰ | ῥηξομένη | ῥᾰγησομένη | ||||||||||
n | ῥῆξον | ῥηξόμενον | ῥᾰγησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἐρρήχθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | ἐρρήχθην | ἐρρήχθης | ἐρρήχθη | ἐρρήχθητον | ἐρρηχθήτην | ἐρρήχθημεν | ἐρρήχθητε | ἐρρήχθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ῥηχθῶ | ῥηχθῇς | ῥηχθῇ | ῥηχθῆτον | ῥηχθῆτον | ῥηχθῶμεν | ῥηχθῆτε | ῥηχθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῥηχθείην | ῥηχθείης | ῥηχθείη | ῥηχθεῖτον, ῥηχθείητον |
ῥηχθείτην, ῥηχθειήτην |
ῥηχθεῖμεν, ῥηχθείημεν |
ῥηχθεῖτε, ῥηχθείητε |
ῥηχθεῖεν, ῥηχθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ῥήχθητῐ | ῥηχθήτω | ῥήχθητον | ῥηχθήτων | ῥήχθητε | ῥηχθέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῥηχθῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῥηχθείς | |||||||||||
f | ῥηχθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ῥηχθέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: ἔρρωγᾰ (intransitive)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔρρωγᾰ | ἔρρωγᾰς | ἔρρωγε(ν) | ἐρρώγᾰτον | ἐρρώγᾰτον | ἐρρώγᾰμεν | ἐρρώγᾰτε | ἐρρώγᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἐρρώγω | ἐρρώγῃς | ἐρρώγῃ | ἐρρώγητον | ἐρρώγητον | ἐρρώγωμεν | ἐρρώγητε | ἐρρώγωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐρρώγοιμῐ, ἐρρωγοίην |
ἐρρώγοις, ἐρρωγοίης |
ἐρρώγοι, ἐρρωγοίη |
ἐρρώγοιτον | ἐρρωγοίτην | ἐρρώγοιμεν | ἐρρώγοιτε | ἐρρώγοιεν | |||||
imperative | ἔρρωγε | ἐρρωγέτω | ἐρρώγετον | ἐρρωγέτων | ἐρρώγετε | ἐρρωγόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐρρωγέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐρρωγώς | |||||||||||
f | ἐρρωγυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ἐρρωγός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐρρώγειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐρρώγειν, ἐρρώγη |
ἐρρώγεις, ἐρρώγης |
ἐρρώγει(ν) | ἐρρώγετον | ἐρρωγέτην | ἐρρώγεμεν | ἐρρώγετε | ἐρρώγεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- αἱμορρᾰγής (haimorrhagḗs)
- ἁλιρρᾰγής (halirrhagḗs)
- ἀμφῐρρήγνῡμῐ (amphirrhḗgnūmi)
- ἀνᾰρρήγνῡμῐ (anarrhḗgnūmi)
- ἀντῐρρήγνῡμῐ (antirrhḗgnūmi)
- ἀπορρήγνῡμῐ (aporrhḗgnūmi)
- ἀρρᾰγής (arrhagḗs)
- ἄρρηκτος (árrhēktos)
- δῐᾰρρήγνῡμῐ (diarrhḗgnūmi)
- δῐχορρᾰγής (dikhorrhagḗs)
- δυσρᾰγής (dusragḗs)
- ἐκρήγνῡμῐ (ekrḗgnūmi)
- ἐνρήγνῡμῐ (enrḗgnūmi)
- ἐπῐρρήγνῡμῐ (epirrhḗgnūmi)
- ἡμιρρᾰγής (hēmirrhagḗs)
- κᾰτᾰρρήγνῡμῐ (katarrhḗgnūmi)
- μεσορρᾰγής (mesorrhagḗs)
- νεορρᾰγής (neorrhagḗs)
- πᾰρᾰρρήγνῡμῐ (pararrhḗgnūmi)
- περιρρήγνῡμῐ (perirrhḗgnūmi)
- ποδορρᾰγής (podorrhagḗs)
- πολυρρᾰγής (polurrhagḗs)
- προρρήγνῠμαι (prorrhḗgnumai)
- προσρήγνῡμῐ (prosrḗgnūmi)
- πῠρορρᾰγής (purorrhagḗs)
- ῥηγμίν (rhēgmín)
- συρρήγνῡμῐ (surrhḗgnūmi)
- ὑπορρήγνῡμῐ (huporrhḗgnūmi)
- φλοιορρᾰγής (phloiorrhagḗs)
- χρῡσορρᾰγής (khrūsorrhagḗs)
- ψῡχορρᾰγής (psūkhorrhagḗs)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1282-3
Further reading
[edit]- “ῥήγνυμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ῥήγνυμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ῥήγνυμι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ῥήγνυμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ῥήγνυμι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ῥήγνυμι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G4486 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -νυμι