διαλύω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]δια- (dia-, “apart, asunder”) + λύω (lúō, “loosen”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /di.a.ly̌ː.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /di.aˈly.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ði.aˈly.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ði.aˈly.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ði.aˈli.o/
Verb
[edit]δῐᾰλῡ́ω • (dialū́ō)
Conjugation
[edit] Present: δῐᾰλῡ́ω, δῐᾰλῡ́ομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | δῐέλῡον | δῐέλῡες | δῐέλῡε(ν) | δῐελῡ́ετον | δῐελῡέτην | δῐελῡ́ομεν | δῐελῡ́ετε | δῐέλῡον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | δῐελῡόμην | δῐελῡ́ου | δῐελῡ́ετο | δῐελῡ́εσθον | δῐελῡέσθην | δῐελῡόμεθᾰ | δῐελῡ́εσθε | δῐελῡ́οντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: δῐᾰλέλῠκᾰ, δῐᾰλέλῠμαι
Pluperfect: δῐελελῠ́κειν, δῐελελῠ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | δῐελελῠ́κειν, δῐελελῠ́κη |
δῐελελῠ́κεις, δῐελελῠ́κης |
δῐελελῠ́κει(ν) | δῐελελῠ́κετον | δῐελελῠκέτην | δῐελελῠ́κεμεν | δῐελελῠ́κετε | δῐελελῠ́κεσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | δῐελελῠ́μην | δῐελέλῠσο | δῐελέλῠτο | δῐελέλῠσθον | δῐελελῠ́σθην | δῐελελῠ́μεθᾰ | δῐελέλῠσθε | δῐελέλῠντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future perfect: δῐᾰλελῡ́σομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | δῐᾰλελῡ́σομαι | δῐᾰλελῡ́σῃ, δῐᾰλελῡ́σει |
δῐᾰλελῡ́σεται | δῐᾰλελῡ́σεσθον | δῐᾰλελῡ́σεσθον | δῐᾰλελῡσόμεθᾰ | δῐᾰλελῡ́σεσθε | δῐᾰλελῡ́σονται | ||||
| optative | δῐᾰλελῡσοίμην | δῐᾰλελῡ́σοιο | δῐᾰλελῡ́σοιτο | δῐᾰλελῡ́σοισθον | δῐᾰλελῡσοίσθην | δῐᾰλελῡσοίμεθᾰ | δῐᾰλελῡ́σοισθε | δῐᾰλελῡ́σοιντο | |||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | δῐᾰλελῡ́σεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | δῐᾰλελῡσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | δῐᾰλελῡσομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | δῐᾰλελῡσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Derivatives from δῐᾰλῡ́ω (and see their compounds):
Derived terms
Verbal adjectives
- δῐᾰλῠτός (dialutós, “destructible”)
- δῐᾰ́λῠτος (diálutos, “relaxed”)
- δῐᾰλῠτέος (dialutéos, “one must dissolve”)
From stem δῐᾰλῠσ-
From stem δῐᾰλῠτ-
- ἀδῐᾰ́λῠτος (adiálutos, “undissolved: indissoluble”)
- δῐᾰλῡ́της (dialū́tēs, “dissolving, undoing”)
- δῐᾰλῠτής (dialutḗs, “dissolver, breaker-up”)
- δῐᾰλῠτῐκός (dialutikós)
Compounds with δῐᾰλῡ́ω (and see their Derived terms):
Derived terms
- ᾰ̓ποδῐᾰλῡ́ω (apodialū́ō, “dissipate”)
- ἐνδῐᾰλῡ́ω (endialū́ō, “loosen, disperse”)
- ἐπῐδῐᾰλῡ́ω (epidialū́ō, “come as a relief to”)
- προδῐᾰλῡ́ω (prodialū́ō, “dissolve”)
- προσδῐᾰλῡ́ω (prosdialū́ō, “relax further”)
- σῠνδῐᾰλῡ́ω (sundialū́ō, “help in putting an end to”)
Further reading
[edit]- “διαλύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “διαλύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- διαλάω (dialáo) (rare, vernacular)
Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek διαλύω (dialúō) and Semantic loan from French dissoudre.[1] Morphologically δια- (dia-) + λύω (lýo).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]διαλύω • (dialýo) (past διέλυσα/διάλυσα, passive διαλύομαι, p‑past διαλύθηκα, ppp διαλυμένος / διαλελυμένος)
- literally: "I dismantle/dissolve/disband"
- to dismantle
- to dissolve (a solid in a solvent)
- Διέλυσα 5 γρ. ζάχαρη σε λίγο νερό.
- Diélysa 5 gr. záchari se lígo neró.
- I dissolved 5 grams of sugar in a little water.
- to disband, dissolve, break up, disperse
- Η εταιρεία διαλύθηκε. ― I etaireía dialýthike. ― The company disbanded.
- to wreck, break up
- Μου ζήτησε να χωρίσουμε και διαλύθηκα.
- Mou zítise na chorísoume kai dialýthika.
- He/She asked me for a divorce/separation and I became a wreck.
Conjugation
[edit]διαλύω διαλύομαι
| Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
| Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
| Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
| 1 sg | διαλύω | διαλύσω | διαλύομαι | διαλυθώ |
| 2 sg | διαλύεις | διαλύσεις | διαλύεσαι | διαλυθείς |
| 3 sg | διαλύει | διαλύσει | διαλύεται | διαλυθεί |
| 1 pl | διαλύουμε, [‑ομε] | διαλύσουμε, [‑ομε] | διαλυόμαστε | διαλυθούμε |
| 2 pl | διαλύετε | διαλύσετε | διαλύεστε, διαλυόσαστε | διαλυθείτε |
| 3 pl | διαλύουν(ε) | διαλύσουν(ε) | διαλύονται | διαλυθούν(ε) |
| Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
| 1 sg | διέλυα | διέλυσα, διάλυσα1 | διαλυόμουν(α) | διαλύθηκα |
| 2 sg | διέλυες | διέλυσες, διάλυσες | διαλυόσουν(α) | διαλύθηκες |
| 3 sg | διέλυε | διέλυσε, διάλυσε | διαλυόταν(ε) | διαλύθηκε |
| 1 pl | διαλύαμε | διαλύσαμε | διαλυόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | διαλυθήκαμε |
| 2 pl | διαλύατε | διαλύσατε | διαλυόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | διαλυθήκατε |
| 3 pl | διέλυαν, διαλύαν(ε) | διέλυσαν, διαλύσαν(ε), διάλυσαν | διαλύονταν, (διαλυόντουσαν) | διαλύθηκαν, διαλυθήκαν(ε) |
| Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
| 1 sg | θα διαλύω ➤ | θα διαλύσω ➤ | θα διαλύομαι ➤ | θα διαλυθώ ➤ |
| 2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα διαλύεις, … | θα διαλύσεις, … | θα διαλύεσαι, … | θα διαλυθείς, … |
| Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
| Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … διαλύσει έχω, έχεις, … διαλυμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ |
έχω, έχεις, … διαλυθεί είμαι, είσαι, … διαλυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
| Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … διαλύσει είχα, είχες, … διαλυμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
είχα, είχες, … διαλυθεί ήμουν, ήσουν, … διαλυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
| Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διαλύσει θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διαλυμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διαλυθεί θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … διαλυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
| Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
| Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
| 2 sg | διάλυε | διάλυσε | — | διαλύσου |
| 2 pl | διαλύετε | διαλύστε | διαλύεστε | διαλυθείτε |
| Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
| Present participle➤ | διαλύοντας ➤ | διαλυόμενος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
| Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας διαλύσει ➤ | διαλυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο 2 ➤ | ||
| Nonfinite form➤ | διαλύσει | διαλυθεί | ||
| Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Forms with internal augment "-έ-" διέλυσα or without, the more rare demotic [διάλυσα]. 2. Also with reduplication: {διαλελυμένος, -η, -ο} • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms
[edit]- αδιάλυτος (adiálytos, “not dissolved; insoluble, undissolvable”)
- αδιαλυτότητα f (adialytótita, “insolubility”)
- αναδιαλύω (anadialýo, “to dissolve again”)
- αξεδιάλυτος (axediálytos, “inextricable”)
- αυτοδιαλύομαι (aftodialýomai, “to be dissolved by oneself”)
- διαλυμένος (dialyménos, participle), διαλελυμένος (formal)
- διάλυμα n (diályma, “solution”)
- διάλυση f (diálysi, “dissolving”)
- διαλυτήριο n (dialytírio)
- διαλύτης m (dialýtis, “solvent”)
- διαλυτικά n pl (dialytiká, “dialytics, umlaut”)
- διαλυτικός (dialytikós)
- διαλυτός (dialytós, “soluble”)
- διαλυτότητα f (dialytótita)
- δυσδιάλυτος (dysdiálytos, “hard to dissolve”)
- ευδιάλυτος (evdiálytos, “resolvable”)
- ξεδιαλύνω (xedialýno, “to disentagle, explain, make clear”)
- υδατοδιαλυτός (ydatodialytós, “water-soluble”)
and see: διά (diá) and λύω (lýo)
References
[edit]- ^ διαλύω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms prefixed with δια-
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Greek terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Greek learned borrowings from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek semantic loans from French
- Greek terms derived from French
- Greek terms prefixed with δια-
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek verbs conjugating like 'διαλύω'