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chop

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: chóp, chöp, chớp, chộp, and CHOP

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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  • (UK) enPR: chŏp, IPA(key): /t͡ʃɒp/
  • (US) IPA(key): /t͡ʃɑp/
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • Hyphenation: chop
  • Rhymes: -ɒp

Etymology 1

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From Middle English choppen, chappen (“to chop”), of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, or a variant of chap (“to become cracked”).

Cognate with Scots chap (“to chop”). Compare also Saterland Frisian kappe, kapje (“to hack; chop; lop off”), Dutch kappen (“to chop, cut, hew”), German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”), German kappen (“to cut; clip”), German dialectal chapfen, kchapfen (“to chop into small pieces”), Albanian copë (“piece, chunk”), Old English *ċippian (in forċippian (“to cut off”)). Perhaps related to chip.

Noun

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chop (countable and uncountable, plural chops)

  2. A cut of meat, often containing a section of a rib.
    I only like lamb chops with mint jelly.
    • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 18:
      Of the two fried chops served him for breakfast he ate one and gave Edmund the other, and put a buttered sandwich of bread in his pocket against the accidents of travel.
    • 1957, J. D. Salinger, “Zooey”, in Franny and Zooey, published 1961:
      I was standing at the meat counter, waiting for some rib lamb chops to be cut.
  3. A blow with an axe, cleaver, or similar implement.
    It should take just one good chop to fell the sapling.
  4. (martial arts) A blow delivered with the hand rigid and outstretched.
    A karate chop.
  5. Ocean waves, generally caused by wind, distinguished from swell by being smaller and not lasting as long.
  6. (poker) A hand where two or more players have an equal-valued hand, resulting in the chips being shared equally between them.
    With both players having an ace-high straight, the pot was a chop.
  7. (informal, with "the") Termination, especially from employment; the sack.
  8. (Australia, New Zealand) A woodchopping competition.
    • 1924 October 6, The Examiner, Launceston, page 2, column 6:
      E, C. McsEnulty, who won the chop at the show on Thursday, cut through a foot lying block in 34 seconds[.]
  9. (dated) A crack or cleft; a chap.
  10. (uncountable) Aircraft turbulence.
Quotations
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Synonyms
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Descendants
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  • → Japanese: チョップ
Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

Chopping garlic
  1. (transitive) To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions.
    chop wood; chop an onion
  2. (transitive) To sever with an axe or similar implement.
    Chop off his head.
  3. (transitive, figurative) To separate or divide.
    We should chop off some of that department's budget.
  4. (transitive) to give a downward cutting blow or movement, typically with the side of the hand.
  5. (transitive, baseball) To hit the ball downward so that it takes a high bounce.
  6. (poker) To divide the pot (or tournament prize) between two or more players. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  7. (intransitive) To make a quick, heavy stroke or a series of strokes, with or as with an ax.
  8. (intransitive) To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize.
  9. (intransitive) To interrupt; with in or out.
    • 1550, Hugh Latimer, Sermon Preached before King Edward:
      This fellow […] interrupted the sermon, even suddenly chopping in.
  10. (transitive, Hong Kong) To stab.
    • 1959 June 8, China Mail, page 10:
      A man had chopped a Sanitary Department coolie to death after an argument about money, Supreme Court was told today.
  11. (computing, transitive, Perl) To remove the final character from (a text string).
    Coordinate term: chomp
  12. (slang, transitive) To manipulate or separate out a line of cocaine.
    He chopped out a fat line.
Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Derived terms

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Terms derived from the noun or verb chop, Etymology 1

Etymology 2

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Uncertain, perhaps a variant of chap (“cheap”). Compare Middle English copen (“to buy”), Dutch kopen (“to buy”).

Verb

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chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

  1. (obsolete) To exchange, to barter; to swap.
    • 1644, John Milton, Areopagitica:
      this is not to put down Prelaty, this is but to chop an Episcopacy; this is but to translate the Palace Metropolitan from one kind of dominion into another, this is but an old canonicall sleight of commuting our penance.
  2. To chap or crack.
  3. (nautical) To vary or shift suddenly.
    The wind chops about.
  4. (obsolete) To twist words.
  5. To converse, discuss, or speak with another.
Derived terms
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Noun

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chop (plural chops)

  1. A turn of fortune; change; a vicissitude.
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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From Middle English choppe (“jaw, jawbone”), related to Middle English cheppe (“one side of the jaw, chap”). Perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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chop (plural chops)

  1. (chiefly in the plural) A jaw of an animal.
  2. A movable jaw or cheek, as of a vice.
  4. The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbour, or channel.
    East Chop
    West Chop

References

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Etymology 4

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Borrowed from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Closely related to the similarly descended Malay word cap, which likely reinforced the English usage within the Malay world.

Noun

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chop (plural chops)

  2. (colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) A stamp or seal; a mark, imprint or impression on a document (or other object or material) made by stamping or sealing a design with ink or wax, respectively, or by other methods. [from 19th c.]
  3. (colloquial, by extension, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) The device used for stamping or sealing, which also contains the design to be imprinted.
  4. A mark indicating nature, quality, or brand.
    silk of the first chop
  5. A licence or passport that has been sealed.
  6. A complete shipment.
    a chop of tea
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Cantonese: chop (cop1)
  • → Macanese: chop

Verb

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chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

  1. (transitive, colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) To stamp or seal (a document); to mark, impress or otherwise place a design or symbol on paper or other material, usually, but not necessarily, to indicate authenticity. [from 19th c.]
  2. To seal a licence or passport.
Derived terms
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References

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Etymology 5

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Shortening.

Noun

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chop (plural chops)

  1. (Internet) An IRC channel operator.
    • 1996, Peter Ludlow, High Noon on the Electronic Frontier, page 404:
      IRC supports mechanisms for the enforcement of acceptable behaviour on IRC. Channel operators — "chanops" or "chops" — have access to the /kick command, which throws a specified user out of the given channel.
Synonyms
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Etymology 6

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Shortening of chopper.

Noun

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chop (plural chops)

  1. (informal) To fly a helicopter or be flown in a helicopter.
    We chopped back to the base.

See also

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Chinese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From English chop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chop

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) chop (stamp; seal) (Classifier: 個／个 c)
    郵chop／邮chop [Cantonese]  ―  jau4 cop1 [Jyutping]  ―  postal seal

Verb

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chop

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stamp; to seal

Macanese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English chop, ultimately from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Most likely also influenced by Cantonese chop. Sense 2 derives from the absent professor being recorded with a stamp, i.e. a chop, in a register.

Noun

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chop

  1. official licence
  2. (slang) an absent professor or teacher
    Hoje tivemos chope de matemática.
    Today our mathematics professor was absent.
    (literally, “Today we had chop of mathematics.”)
    O Dr. F. deu chope.
    Dr. F. is absent.
    (literally, “Dr. F. gave chop.”)

Usage notes

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  • The examples for sense 2 are in Portuguese; the Macanese equivalents would roughly be Hoze nôs têm chop di matemática and Dr. F. (já) dâ chop respectively.

References

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  • Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “chope”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 404
  • www.macaneselibrary.org‎[2], 2024 August 24 (last accessed)

Nigerian Pidgin

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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chop

  1. eat
  2. spend

Silesian

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FWOTD – 7 December 2023

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish chłop.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈxɔp/
  • Rhymes: -ɔp
  • Syllabification: chop

Noun

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chop m pers

  1. man, male
  2. husband
    Synonym: mōnż
  3. snowman
    Synonym: śniygulŏk

Declension

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Declension of chop
singular plural
nominative chop chopy
genitive chopa chopōw
dative chopowi chopōm
accusative chopa chopōw
instrumental chopym chopami/chopōma
locative chopie chopach
vocative chopie chopy

Further reading

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  • chop_chlop in dykcjonorz.eu
  • chop in silling.org
  • Bogdan Kallus (2020) “chop”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 260
  • Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “chop”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 114
  • Barbara Podgórska, Adam Podgóski (2008) “chop”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian lects], Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 55
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