kappen
Danish
[edit]Noun
[edit]kappen c
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch cappen. Further origin unsettled. Apparently related to German Low German kappen (“to clip, cut”), German kappen (“to clip, cut”), English chap and chop; thus it would also be distantly related to tjappen. The slang sense may have a distinct (unknown) etymology.
Verb
[edit]kappen
- (transitive) to chop, as with an axe
- (transitive) to cut down, fell (e.g. a tree)
- (figuratively, intransitive) (in kappen op ...) to criticize
- (colloquial, intransitive) to cease, give up, stop
- (slang) to talk; notably
- (intransitive) to plead
- (transitive) to speak (a) slang
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of kappen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kappen | |||
past singular | kapte | |||
past participle | gekapt | |||
infinitive | kappen | |||
gerund | kappen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | kap | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | kapt, kap2 | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | kapt | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | kapt | kapte | ||
3rd person singular | kapt | kapte | ||
plural | kappen | kapten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | kappe | kapte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | kappen | kapten | ||
imperative sing. | kap | |||
imperative plur.1 | kapt | |||
participles | kappend | gekapt | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: kap
- Berbice Creole Dutch: kapu
- Negerhollands: kap, kappen
- Skepi Creole Dutch: kap, cap
- → Papiamentu: kap
- → Saterland Frisian: kappe
- → Sranan Tongo: kapu, kappe
Etymology 2
[edit]From kap (“bonnet, hood, cap”) + -en. Women used to wear bonnets and caps, but these often left part of the hair uncovered; therefore kappen came to be used of the styling of head and hair in general, and was soon also generalized to males. The modern use specifically for cutting hair must have developed in part through association with etymology 1 above.
Verb
[edit]kappen
- (transitive) to fit with a hairstyle or headdress
- (transitive) to cut (someone's) hair and model it
- (transitive) to dress (someone) with a bonnet, hood, cap
- (transitive) to cover (something) with a (heavy) hood, casing etc.
- (transitive, figuratively) to trick (someone), play a prank on .
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of kappen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kappen | |||
past singular | kapte | |||
past participle | gekapt | |||
infinitive | kappen | |||
gerund | kappen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | kap | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | kapt, kap2 | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | kapt | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | kapt | kapte | ||
3rd person singular | kapt | kapte | ||
plural | kappen | kapten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | kappe | kapte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | kappen | kapten | ||
imperative sing. | kap | |||
imperative plur.1 | kapt | |||
participles | kappend | gekapt | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]kappen
- (transitive) to have offspring, especially piglets
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of kappen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kappen | |||
past singular | kapte | |||
past participle | gekapt | |||
infinitive | kappen | |||
gerund | kappen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | kap | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | kapt, kap2 | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | kapt | kapte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | kapt | kapte | ||
3rd person singular | kapt | kapte | ||
plural | kappen | kapten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | kappe | kapte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | kappen | kapten | ||
imperative sing. | kap | |||
imperative plur.1 | kapt | |||
participles | kappend | gekapt | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Alternative forms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]kappen
Anagrams
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]17th century, from Middle Low German kappen, from Middle Dutch cappen (“to chop”), perhaps a borrowing from Romansch and from Medieval Latin cappare (“to cut off”), from Vulgar Latin *cappo, from Latin capo (“castrated male chicken”). Compare Alemannic German (Alsatian) kchapfen (“to chop, mince”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kappen (weak, third-person singular present kappt, past tense kappte, past participle gekappt, auxiliary haben)
- to cut down so as to make unusable; to cut off; to interrupt
- Die zurückziehenden Truppen hatten Befehl, alle Strommasten zu kappen.
- The withdrawing troops had been commanded to cut down all utility poles.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | kappen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | kappend | ||||
past participle | gekappt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich kappe | wir kappen | i | ich kappe | wir kappen |
du kappst | ihr kappt | du kappest | ihr kappet | ||
er kappt | sie kappen | er kappe | sie kappen | ||
preterite | ich kappte | wir kappten | ii | ich kappte1 | wir kappten1 |
du kapptest | ihr kapptet | du kapptest1 | ihr kapptet1 | ||
er kappte | sie kappten | er kappte1 | sie kappten1 | ||
imperative | kapp (du) kappe (du) |
kappt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Further reading
[edit]- “kappen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “kappen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “kappen” in Duden online
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]kappen m or f
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish noun forms
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑpən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑpən/2 syllables
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms with unknown etymologies
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch transitive verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch colloquialisms
- Dutch slang
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch noun forms
- German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German terms derived from Middle Dutch
- German terms derived from Romansch
- German terms derived from Medieval Latin
- German terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- German terms derived from Latin
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German terms with usage examples
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms