Wiktionary:Todo/Westrobothnian cleanup/9

See Wiktionary:Todo/Westrobothnian cleanup for more information.

gropstyl

Westrobothnian

Etymology

grop +‎ styl

Noun

9 m (definite singular gropstyln)

1. (typography) bold style

grotäs

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite grotäsä)

1. threaten

   Han grotäsä ti’ä, att’n skull slå i häl’n.

   He threatened to kill him.

   stånnom grotäsä vä na

   sometimes threatened her

References

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “GROTÄS”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 215

grup

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse *grjópa, from Proto-Germanic *greupaną. Cognate with Dalian griopa, griuopa, Norwegian grjupe, Gutnish grypa, gröipa.

Verb

9 (preterite graup, supine grupi)

1. (transitive) To roughly grind, kibble.

gruut

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *greutą.

Noun

9 f (definite gruta, dative grutn)

1. a tiny bit

   i löytar greeot

   a little bit

   Einkä gruta ji att, sä mistä ji

   The only little bit I owned, I lost.

   Hä var no gódt den gruta hä var

   It was probably good, the little there was.

   Ge mä naltä pela grut gódta!

   Give me a few treats!

Synonyms

• sylmån f

Related terms

• grut n

gruvaxlu

Westrobothnian

Adjective

9

1. With high and broad shoulders, so that these people seem to walk slightly inclined forwards; considered as a sign of unusual body strength.

gryt

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse grýta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ɡryːt/, [ɡrì͜ʷːt], [ɡrìːt], [ɡrʊ̀ɪ̯ːt], [ɡrø̀͜ʷy̯͡ʷːt]

  Rhymes: -ỳːt

  (í-ý merger) Rhymes: -ỳːt, -ìːt

  (øy-ý merger) Rhymes: -ỳːt, -ø̀ʏ̯ːt

Noun

1. A cooking pot.

   Kara ell’n onna gryta

   To bring the fire away from the pot.

Derived terms

• grytskrabb
• grytskröpu
• hvor ain kara unner sin gryt
• kórven ruuv allti stor i annars gryt

gräddspo

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 m (definite singular gräddspon, definite plural gräddspoa)

1. Oven peel.

gräinäs

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse greina.

Verb

9

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To agree.

Synonyms

• skeljäs

gräni

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite gränjä, middle gränjäs)

1. (intransitive) To frown; show teeth, growl.

Related terms

• gränjäs

gränjäs

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite gränjäsä, active gräni)

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To wrinkle the nose, grin, get angry.

Related terms

• gräni

gräväl

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite grävlä)

1. (transitive) To dig, search.

grådu

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse gráðugr, from Proto-Germanic *grēdagaz, from *grēduz (“hunger”) + *-gaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡròːdʉ/, [ɡ̊ròːð̞ʉ̟], [ɡ̊rɒ̀ːð̞ɵ]

  Rhymes: -òːðɵ

Adjective

grå̄dŭ

1. who is starved and therefore eats much and to whom the food does not seem to serve any or fill one up and so gets hungry again shortly

   lätt int fahlkjä dätt wahl grådu

   don't starve your people

Antonyms

• gjä´sk

Related terms

• grââ m (“large appetite, hunger”)

References

• Stenberg, Pehr, Widmark, Gusten, “grådug a grå̄dŭ”, in Ordbok över Umemålet [Dictionary of the Umeå speech], →ISBN, page 44

grånn

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• grunn
• gronn

Etymology 1

From Old Norse grunnr.

Adjective

9 (neuter grånt)

1. shallow

   hä jer grånt nedi ɑɳ

   it is shallow in the river

Etymology 2

From Old Norse grunn n.

Noun

1. shallow

grómm

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Derived from górm.

Noun

9 m (definite singular grómmen)

1. The solid stuff that is precipitated from a liquid mixture; sediment, settlings, dregs.

Synonyms

• grómmäl

Derived terms

• kaffegrómm

gröf

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• grøv
• gröv

Verb

grȫf

1. To dyke.

Related terms

• grof
• grøvning

grönn

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From grunn, grånn (“shallow.”).

Noun

1. Uplift in water.

gröv

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• grøv
• gröf

Verb

9 (preterite grov or grövd, supine grövä, past participle grövä)

1. to dig, make pits; particularly dyking

Related terms

• grof
• grøvning

grövd

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 f (definite grövda)

1. thickness

Synonyms

• tjógd

Verb

9

1. preterite of grøv

grövskóvel

Westrobothnian

Noun

1. Trench shovel.

gröyt

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse *greytr, from Proto-Germanic *grautiz, cognate with Gutnish groyt, Icelandic grautur, Danish grød.

Noun

1. Porridge.

grø

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite grödd)

1. to hammer concave

Alternative forms

• grøv

grøv

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• gröv
• gröf

Verb

9 (preterite grövd)

1. to dyke

Related terms

• grof
• grøvning
• grøvar

Verb

9 (preterite grövd)

1. Alternative form of grø

grøvar

Westrobothnian

Etymology

grøv +‎ -ar

Noun

9 m

1. One who digs ditches.

grøvning

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 f (definite singular grøvninga)

1. digging

gufwu

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 f (definite gufwun)

1. steam

Related terms

• gåft
• gȯfwa
• gååfft
• gȯhla
• guuv

gull

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse gull, goll, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą.

Noun

9 n (definite gullä)

1. (uncountable) gold

   hä glema som hä wor gullä

Derived terms

• gullfinger
• gullskre
• gulltypp
• gyllerfeinger

gulltypp

Westrobothnian

Etymology

gull (“gold”) +‎ typp (“hen”)

Noun

9 f (definite singular gulltyppa, definite plural gulltyppen)

1. Coccinella spp. in general, but especially Coccinella septempunctata.

gust

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• kust

Noun

9 m

1. horror, horrible feeling upon witnessing something

gut

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Norwegian gutt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʉːt/

Noun

1. A boy

guuv

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ɡʉːv/, [ɡ̊ÿ̀ːʋ] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ʉ̀ːv

Verb

9 (preterite guvä)

1. (intransitive) blow; emit steam, steam, evaporate

Noun

9 f (definite guva)

1. cloud lump, which on otherwise clear sky rises from the ocean onto the horizon

Related terms

• gȯfwa
• gufwu

Trivia

It is thought that if such a cloud rises in the sky, it will not rain, but if it crawls down into the ocean again, rain will occur within three days.

gval

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• val, væl

Etymology 1

Apparently cognate to Norwegian vål, Old Norse *váll. Compare hal, hölot (“slippery,”) from Old Norse háll.

Seemingly merged with vǫrðr in the term wälkäs (“beacon.”)

Noun

9 m (definite singular gvaln)

1. Fallen trees and debris in a forest.
2. Stumps, roots, etc. in soil (which is cultivated into field.)
3. Collection of timber without order.
4. Refuse, rubbish.

Derived terms

• gvalfall
• valu
• wölo

Etymology 2

From Old Norse vǫlr (“staff”).

Noun

9 m (definite singular gvaln)

1. Round stick, thick staff, small rod.

Derived terms

• bröstgval
• bakvāl
• rakvāl
• skaftval
• slagval
• slöguval
• styrval
• trodval
• margvaƚ
• ögval

gvalfall

Westrobothnian

Etymology

gval +‎ fall

Noun

9 n

1. A variety of overlapping fallen trees.

gvalv

Westrobothnian

Adjective

9

1. Alternative form of hwählf

gvam

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• hwam

Etymology

From Old Norse vǫmb, from Proto-Germanic *wambō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kwɑ́ːm] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ɑ́ːm

Noun

9 f (definite singular gvama)

1. (anatomy) paunch, rumen

Derived terms

• gvami
• vabb
• vabbug

References

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “gvam”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 790

gvarj

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• hwȧri
• warg
• wærg
• wåri
• vari
• vare

Etymology

From Old Norse vargr. The change from /g/ to /j/ initially occurred only before front vowels, but spread to other forms; compare the variants warg and wærg and words like saingj and skojj.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡ̊wǽɾe], [ɡ̊wáɾɪ̯] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

Noun

9 m (definite singular gvarjen, definite plural gvarja)

1. wolf
2. wheelbarrow

References

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “GVARJ”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 223

gvaväl

Westrobothnian

Verb

9

1. Alternative form of hwȧfwehl

gverj

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Alternative form of wiri.

Noun

9 f (definite singular gverja)

1. Withy, (birch) withe.

Derived terms

• verjtjör

gviv

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite gvivä)

1. (ergative) swing to and fro, wag

Related terms

• hväiv

gvórk

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• vórk
• hwȱrk

Etymology

From Old Norse orka, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (English work), from Proto-Indo-European *wṛǵ-·.

Verb

9 (preterite gvórkä)

1. to have strength, will or stamina enough; to bother

   Ji vórk int höir geudpratä dätt

   I can’t be bothered listening to your crazy talk.

   wårrke dy

   of course

   no wårrken vara arrj

   no wonder he is angry

Noun

9 f

1. power, energy

   Han hav ingar vórk dill å arbait

   He has no energy to work.

   Gamm-hästn håll å miink vórka

   The old horse is starting to have less strength than before.

Derived terms

• gvórkdag
• gvórkliten
• wårckeslaus

Related terms

• örk
• ȱrk

gvórkdag

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• ȱrkda´g
• örkdag

Noun

gvórkdag m

1. workday, weekday

gvórr

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• hvórr, vörr, hwȯ́rr, oorr

Etymology

From Old Norse orri.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡ̊wɞ̀rː] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

Noun

9 m (definite singular gvórrn, definite plural gvórra)

1. black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix, syn. Tetrao tetrix)

Synonyms

• bulderhåna m

Related terms

• örr f

References

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “GVÓRR”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 223

gwadd

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Compare Old Norse kundr m (“son”), kunnr (“born, decendent”), káð, koð (“infant”), Slavic ćado (“a child”), Norwegian kate (“half-grown boy”), Elfdalian kuott (“piglet”), older Danish qvant (“young person”), German Kind (“child”), Sanskrit ǵâta (“child, offspring”) (p.p. of ǵan (“to breed; to be born”)), Hindustani kunvar (“son”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡwadː/

Noun

9 m

1. A little (round) boy.

Alternative forms

• qwadd
• qwant
• wabb

gwann

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Likely somehow from Proto-Germanic *wanduz (“mole, vole”), although the vowel quality (and quantity) is unexpected (cf. rand, kamb vs. tann.) Compare Old English wand, Norwegian vånd, Welsh gwadd. Related to viindt.

Noun

9 m

1. mole (animal)
2. vole

Alternative forms

• hwȧnn, wænn, wån, vann

Derived terms

• jolvann
• mullvann

gwin

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite gwen, supine gwinä)

1. Alternative form of hviin

gwit

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse hvítr, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡ̊wíːt] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note
  • Rhymes: -íːt

Adjective

9

1. white

   wit a göɽv

   white floors

   gwitmarr

   a white mare

   hwitlökjen

   garlic

Alternative forms

• hwit
• gvit
• wit

Derived terms

• withövd
• witgas

Related terms

• wait

References

• Larsson, Evert, Söderström, Sven, “vit a. vi:t, wi:t, gwi:t, gvi:t”, in Hössjömålet : ordbok över en sydvästerbottnisk dialekt [The Hössjö speech: dictionary of a southern Westrobothnian dialect] (in Swedish) →ISBN, page 214

gwätt

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse hvetja, from Proto-Germanic *hwatjaną; related to hwȧtt and hwȧss.

Verb

9

1. to whet, sharpen

Alternative forms

• gvätt, hvätt, hwätt, wäti, weti, wedi

Noun

9 f (definite singular gwätta)

1. soft whetstone

Alternative forms

• gvätt, gvättu, hvätt, hwät, hwättu, hwettu, hwȯttu

gäll

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɛlː/, /d͡ʒiːl/

Etymology 1

Compare Old Norse gildi (“payment, guild”).

Noun

9 n

1. feast, banquet

Derived terms

• skölgäll

Etymology 2

From Old Norse gjald, from Proto-Germanic *geldą.

Noun

9 f

1. debt

   kömmi ass bothi gälln

   got us out of debt

Etymology 3

Verb

9

1. present singular of gääll

gämelsäj

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 f (definite gamelsäja)

1. old statement

gäsasam

Westrobothnian

Etymology

gäsa +‎ -sam

Adjective

9

1. who gladly romps and plays or jokes around wildly

Related terms

• gas

gässgäfwar å gjäntagar

Westrobothnian

Noun

1. (childish, derogatory) One who takes back what he has given.

gääll

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse gjalda, from Proto-Germanic *geldaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Cognates include English yield, German gelten, Dutch gelden, Swedish gälla, Norwegian gjelde, Icelandic and Faroese gjalda and Danish gælde.

Verb

9 (preterite gall or gallt, plural gååll, supine gålli or göllä)

1. (impersonal, sometimes personal) apply, be possible, be of help, suffice, give the desired result (of ...)

   Hä gäll int

   it can not be helped, it must take place

   or

   it can't be achieved, can't be done

   Hä gallt int plut vä ’om

   it was not enough to talk to him

   Han skönnä säg bästä’n kónnt, men hä gallt int

   He hurried as best he could, but it wasn't enough.

   åm he ha gålli men he gallt einnt

   imagine if it had worked, but it didn't

   dämm gååll nästaɳ einnt fɑ sɑnn

   it was almost impossible to break them

Etymology 2

From Old Norse gelda, from geldr; see gall, gål.

Verb

9 (preterite gällä)

1. (transitive) castrate

gåft

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 m or f (definite singular gåftn or gåfta)

1. steam, hot water mist; aroma

Related terms

• gååfft

går

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

Noun

9

1. Alternative form of gar

Etymology 2

Noun

9 n

1. Alternative form of gor

Etymology 3

Verb

9

1. present singular of gå

gårut

Westrobothnian

Adjective

9

1. Uncleanly, dirty.

   Han jär gårut i syna

   He is dirty in the face.

2. Bad, mean.

   Gårut arbäitar

   a bad worker

3. In poor health, sickly, bad.

   Ji jär int an gårut dill helsen

   I am somewhat frail of health.

Adverb

9

1. Uncleanly, poorly.

   Hä jär gårut gjodt

   It's badly done

gåv

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ɡoːʋ/, [kòːʋ] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -òːʋ

Verb

9

1. third-person plural past indicative of geva
2. third-person plural past subjunctive of geva

Alternative forms

• djivä

gååfft

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• göft
• gooft

Verb

9 (preterite gåvtä)

1. (intransitive) to smell (whether fragrant or offensive)

   Hä gåvtä bara bränvina bothi mónnom å’n

   It just smelled of brandy from his mouth.

Related terms

• gåft
• gȯfwa
• gufwu
• gȯhla

References

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “Gååfft”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 223

gódt

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Derived from go (“good”).

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): [ɡ̊ʲɞ́tʰː], [ɡ̊ɔ́tʰː], [ɡ̊ɯ̞́ᵝtʰː]

  Rhymes: -ʊ́tː

Adjective

9 n

1. neuter singular of go

   Hä var no gódt den gruta hä var

   It was probably good, the little there was.

2. (as an adverb) well

   Han halka säg fram sä gódt ’n kónd

   He pulled himself forward as best he could.

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): [ɡ̊ʲɞ́tʰː], [ɡ̊ɔ́tʰː], [ɡ̊ɯ̞́ᵝtʰː]
• (feminine only) IPA^(key): [ɡ̊ʲɞ̀tʰː], [ɡ̊ɔ̀tʰː], [ɡ̊ɯ̞̀ᵝtʰː]
  • Rhymes: -ʊ́tː, -ʊ̀tː

Noun

9 f or n

1. sweets, treats, pastries, confectionery; anything sweet such as sugar, raisins etc.

   Ge mä naltä pela grut gódta!

   Give me a few treats!

gólv

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse golf (“floor”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *gulbą, *gulbaz (“floor”), itself of unknown origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʊlv/, [ɡ̊ʲɞ́ɽʋ], [ɡ̊ɔ́ɽʋ], [ɡ̊ʊ́ɽʋ]

  Rhymes: -ʊ́ɽʋ

Noun

9 n (definite singular gólvä, dative gólvän, definite plural gólva)

1. floor

   hä sto vöttuloken ätter ä på gólvä

   water flowed thence along the floor

   pönt int ne gólvän

   don't soil the floor

   Han gekk å lynkä kring gólvän.

   He drunkenly wiggled around the floor.

Synonyms

• flåor

Antonyms

• tak

Derived terms

• gólvas
• logólv

Related terms

• pall

górm

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Derived from gor.

Noun

9 m

1. mixture of soil and intestinal contents; uncleanliness, guts of fish
2. ill-done work

Derived terms

• grómm
• gåårm

göik

Westrobothnian

Verb

9 (preterite göikä)

1. (intransitive) To sing like the Lapps.

gömsl

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 f

1. hideaway, storage

   å da jer e jo nân so hâ hövi-fånne djömsla seran

   and since then someone has found the hideaway

göning

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): [(c)ʝʏ̀͡ʷːɳɪŋ], [t͡ɕø̀͡ʷːɳɪŋ], [t͡çø̀͡ʷːnɪŋ]

  Rhymes: -ø̀ːnɪŋ

Preposition

9

1. through

Adverb

9

1. through

Alternative forms

• giönung

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): [(c)ʝʏ̀͡ʷːnɪŋ], [(c)ʝø̀͡ʷnːɪŋ], [t͡ɕø̀͡ʷːɳɪŋ], [t͡çø̀͡ʷːnɪŋ]

  Rhymes: -ø̀ðnɪŋ, -ø̀ːnɪŋ

Noun

9 f

1. fertiliser, manure

Alternative forms

• giöning

Synonyms

• brukning f
• brukkt f

Derived terms

• göningskas f

göningskas

Westrobothnian

Etymology

göning +‎ kas

Noun

9 f

1. midden

gönkän

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• göppen, gökken, gökn, geoken, gonken, gunken

Etymology

From earlier gaupn, from Old Norse gaupn.

Noun

9 f (definite singular gönkna)

1. The hollow hand, (when the fingers are half bent), a handful (with both hands), a gowpen.

Related terms

• gåft
• nävafyll

görm

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 m (definite singular görmen)

1. reindeer warble fly, caribou bot fly, Hypoderma tarandi

Verb

gö̂rm

1. carry out unnecessary and useless work

gösse

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 m

1. vocative of göss

gȯuw

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• gæu
• göyv
• göuvd

Noun

gȱuw m (definite singular gȱuwĕn, definite plural gȱuwă)

1. fool, madman
2. a kind of tallow candle, which is steeped in a cattle weasand

Derived terms

• gȯuwut (“foolish, mad”)

haagg

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• håågg

Etymology

From Old Norse hǫggva, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²hɒɡː/, [hɑ̀ɡ̊ː], [hɒ̀ɡ̊ː], [hɔ̀ɡ̊ː], [hoːɡ̊]

  Rhymes: -ɒ̀ɡː

Verb

9 (present hagg, plural haagg, preterite hågg, plural håågg, supine håggi)

1. To hew, chop.

haapp

Westrobothnian

Verb

9

1. (transitive) To mimic, imitate someone in act, speech or gesture.

Related terms

• happäl

haark

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hark n (“noise”).

Verb

9 (preterite harkä)

1. (intransitive) To come into contact with something, so that it creaks thereby.
2. (intransitive) To slow down skis down a hill, with the ski stick, held so that it plunges deep into the snow.
3. (intransitive) To hawk up phlegm.

Synonyms

• (slow down): häri

Etymology 2

From Old Norse harka (saman) “scrape together”.

Verb

9 (preterite harkä)

1. (transitive) To rake away something.

hadd

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse hadda, from Proto-Germanic *hadiþǭ (? "haðiðōn"). Related to Latin catēna, Old English heaðor.

Noun

9 m or f (definite haddn or hadda, dative haddom or haddn)

1. Pothook, ear on pots.
2. Edge, brink.

Derived terms

• grythadd
• yterst a haddom
• yterst a haddn

hadda

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hædːɐ/

Noun

9 f

1. definite nominative/accusative feminine singular of hadd

hadht

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Middle Low German helft, helfte, from Proto-Germanic *halbiþō. Compare Danish hælvt, Swedish hälft, Old Norse helfð, German hälfte, Middle Dutch helfde, Dutch helft and Old Frisian hälfte.

Pronunciation

• (singular):

  IPA^(key): [hɑ́ʈʰː], [hɒ́ʈʰː], [hɔ́ʈʰː]

  Rhymes: -ɒ́ʈː

  (a-o merger) Rhymes: -ɒ́ʈː, -ɑ́ʈː

• (plural):

  IPA^(key): [hɑ̀ʈʰː], [hɒ̀ʈʰː], [hɔ̀ʈʰː]

  Rhymes: -ɒ̀ʈː

  (a-o merger) Rhymes: -ɒ̀ʈː, -ɑ̀ʈː

Noun

9 f (definite hadhta)

1. half

   Ve ska deel hadht om hadht.

   We will share half each.

   hadhta bådhti hadhta å hadhta bådhti he

   one eighth

Adjective

9 n

1. neuter singular of haḷv
2. neuter singular of hahl

Adverb

9

1. half
2. heavily

   Dem hava no vohdtä hadht ålitä hästa hans.

   His horses have (probably/certainly) been heavily used.

hafwa

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• håå
• hå
• ha

Etymology

From Old Norse hafa (“to have, wear, carry”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have, hold”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to seize, grab”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²hɑːʋɐ/, /²hɒːʋɐ/, /²hɔːʋɐ/, /²hoː(ɔ)/

Verb

9 (present hȧf, plural hafwa, preterite hȧdd, supine hȧdd)

1. (transitive, with accusative) To have, possess.

   han hȧf int nȧ fataskift ― he has no discernment

2. (transitive, with accusative) To have, be related to something.

   han hȧdd enxi säng ― he had his own special bed separately

   Ja hȧf ejn sahn men brorn män hȧf fyr a söhni ― I have one son, but my brother has four sons

3. (auxiliary verb, taking a past participle) Used in forming the perfect aspect and the past perfect aspect.

   Hä wȧr farkenmȧtn rett hejna, ja hȧf int itti ’n sen då å då.

   This right here was a most desirable dish, I have not eaten it since this or that time.

Related terms

• he
• hȧf
• hamn
• hääfft

hag

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Saxon hago (“enclosure”). Doublet of haga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hɑːɣ], [hæːɣ]

  Rhymes: -áːɣ, -ǽːɣ

  (a-o merger) Rhymes: -ɑ́ːɣ, -ɒ́ːɣ

Noun

9 n (definite hagjä)

1. simple fence or enclosure made of sticks, twigs or bushes
2. (hunting) such a construction used for hunting, with openings with snares and traps where birds and hares are caught

Derived terms

• ryphag

Related terms

• hååg
• haga
• hägi

haga

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse hagi, from Proto-Germanic *hagô.

Noun

9 m

1. roundpole fence, fence

Derived terms

• hagasam
• hagasta
• hagasto
• hagaståd
• hagaski
• hagatro
• skihaga

Related terms

• hag
• hägi
• hägn

hagasto

Westrobothnian

Noun

1. The streak in the earth after a demolished fence (haga.)

hahdt

Westrobothnian

Noun

1. Alternative spelling of hadht

Adjective

9 n

1. Alternative spelling of hadht

Adverb

9

1. Alternative spelling of hadht

hahl

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse harðr, from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kert-, *kret- (“strong; powerful”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hɑ́ːɽ] Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ɑ́ːɽ

Adjective

hāhl (neuter hadht)

1. hard

   han gjär sä hahl som stejn

   he (alt: it) is as hard as stone

2. rough
3. hard-hearted, obstinate, cold-hearted

Alternative forms

• hal

Derived terms

• hahlut
• hehl
• hal
• halän

hail

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂ilus (“healthy, whole”). Akin to English whole.

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /he(ɪ̯)ːl/, /hɛ(ɪ̯)ːl/, /ha(ɪ̯)ːl/

  Rhymes: -éɪ̯ːl

Adjective

9 (neuter haillt)

1. whole, complete, full, entire

   Dem sat å gamsä heilä ättermedagen

   They sat and chewed the fat the entire afternoon.

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /²he(ɪ̯)ːl/, /²hɛ(ɪ̯)ːl/, /²ha(ɪ̯)ːl/

  Rhymes: -èɪ̯ːl

Verb

9 (preterite haile, middle hailes, passive val haile)

1. (transitive) To heal.

Synonyms

• häli

hakaskjött

Westrobothnian

Noun

9 f (definite singular hakaskjötta)

1. quarrel, rivalry, strivings.

   No val hä hakaskjötta om Gus gåven i jår

   Probably there will be strivings of the grain (or harvests) this year.

hal

Westrobothnian

Adjective

9

1. Alternative form of hahl

Verb

9

1. To pull firmly.

Alternative forms

• häl
• hääl

haljut

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• hɑljøt
• hålja

Etymology

hölj +‎ -ut

Pronunciation

• (Bygdeå) IPA^(key): /²hɑɽjɵt/
• (Lövånger) IPA^(key): /²hɒɽjɵt/, /²hɑɽjœt/
• (Burträsk) IPA^(key): /²hɑɽjɵt/

  Rhymes: -ɵt

Adjective

9

1. Who goes about badly dressed, ill-mannered in behavior and attire, sloppy in clothing; sloppy, unkempt, simple-minded.

hall

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hallr. Cognate with Icelandic hallur.

Adjective

9

1. sloping, inclined, oblique

Derived terms

• hallfata
• hallläst
• hallsätt

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hǫll, from Proto-Germanic *hallō.

Noun

9 f

1. area where no particularly large forest exist

halldill

Westrobothnian

Verb

9

1. to live, to dwell

   Hwars hall ’n dill?

   Where does he live?

halmint

Westrobothnian

Etymology

hal +‎ -mint

Adjective

9

1. indocile, unteachable

halslökt

Westrobothnian

Etymology

hal (“hard”) +‎ -slökt (“hewn”)

Adjective

9 n

1. hard to hew

halsslet

Westrobothnian

Etymology

hals +‎ slet

Noun

9 n

1. Neckpiece, scarf.

halvdelen

Westrobothnian

Adverb

9

1. half, halfway, half-

halvförä

Westrobothnian

Etymology

halv (“half”) +‎ förä (“faren”)

Adverb

9

1. Halfway (e.g. halfway fared.)
2. Of half-done work.

halän

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Pronominal form of hahl (“hard, rough, cold-hearted.”)

Noun

1. (euphemistic) The devil.

Synonyms

• hakän
• hasjken
• håkän
• nåkän
• saltarn

hammar

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse hamarr, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”).

Noun

9 m

1. A wooded rock slope, rocky forest hill, wooded stony mountain ridge.
2. Stony, barren hill, high, hard and stony ground.

hammäl

Westrobothnian

Etymology

Cognate with Ostrobothnian hambel (pret. hambla) “fumble.”

Verb

9 (preterite hammlä)

1. To be awkward, carry things out clumsily, with effort manage to do something.
2. To grope, to feel with one’s hands as the blind, examine something with one’s fingers.

Related terms

• ham
• hammel
• hams
• hamut

hamn

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hǽmn], [hámn]
• Rhymes: -ámn

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hǫfn, from Proto-Germanic *habnō.

Noun

9 f

1. port, harbour

Etymology 2

Compare Old Norse hamr, Proto-Germanic *hamô. Cognate with Nilandian ham, Ostrobothnian hambli.

Noun

9 f (definite singular hamna, definite plural hamnin)

1. ghost, semblance

hams

Westrobothnian

Noun

1. Deadbeat, inept wretch.

handgangäs

Westrobothnian

Verb

9

1. (middle voice, intransitive, particle wä + object) To be in melee, fight.
2. (middle voice, intransitive, particle wä + object) To hire.

handhvass

Westrobothnian

Etymology

hand +‎ hvass

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑnˌwasː/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

Adjective

9

1. strong-handed

handsöl

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse handsǫl, plural of handsal. Cognate with English handsel.

Noun

9 n

1. A treat (with beverage) after completion of a purchase (to seal it.)

handthama

Westrobothnian

Verb

9

1. (transitive) handle, to use your hands to execute something, well or badly
2. (transitive) tame

hangel

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From hangäl.

Verb

1. Sluggish and tardy person; wretch, duffer.

Verb

1. Verbal noun of hangäl.