Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/greupaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Kroonen assumes a back-formation from the iterative *gruppōną (“to dig, hollow out”) - *grubōną, with the quasi-Proto-Indo-European form of the root as *gʰrewbʰ- (“to grind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣreu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*greupaną

1. to cut up, to grind

Inflection

Conjugation of *greupaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*greupō	*greupaų	—	*greupai	?
2nd singular	*griupizi	*greupaiz	*greup	*greupazai	*greupaizau
3rd singular	*griupidi	*greupai	*greupadau	*greupadai	*greupaidau
1st dual	*greupōz	*greupaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*greupadiz	*greupaidiz	*greupadiz	—	—
1st plural	*greupamaz	*greupaim	—	*greupandai	*greupaindau
2nd plural	*griupid	*greupaid	*griupid	*greupandai	*greupaindau
3rd plural	*greupandi	*greupain	*greupandau	*greupandai	*greupaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*graup	*grupį̄
2nd singular	*grauft	*grupīz
3rd singular	*graup	*grupī
1st dual	*grupū	*grupīw
2nd dual	*grupudiz	*grupīdiz
1st plural	*grupum	*grupīm
2nd plural	*grupud	*grupīd
3rd plural	*grupun	*grupīn
	present	past
participles	*greupandz	*grupanaz

Related terms

• *grubaz (possibly)

Descendants

• Old Norse: *grjópa, *grúpa
  • Norwegian:

    Nynorsk: grjupe, grupe

  • Elfdalian: griuopa
  • Swedish: grjopa
  • Gutnish: gröipa, grypa