hal

See also: -hal, HAL, Hal, Ħal, hâl, hál, hàl, häl, hål, hæl, and ħal

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic		һал
Abjad		حال

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Noun

hal (definite accusative halı, sound plural hallar, broken plural əhval)

condition, state
Synonyms: vəziyyət, durum
state of mind, mood
Synonym: əhval-ruhiyyə
the physical or mental strength to do something
Synonyms: güc, qüvvət, taqət
(grammar) case
Azərbaycan dilində ismin 6 halı var. ― Nouns have 6 [grammatical] cases in Azerbaijani.

Declension

Declension of hal
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
nominative	hal	hallar	əhval
definite accusative	halı	halları	əhvalı
dative	hala	hallara	əhvala
locative	halda	hallarda	əhvalda
ablative	haldan	hallardan	əhvaldan
definite genitive	halın	halların	əhvalın

Possessive forms of hal
	nominative
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
mənim (“my”)	halım	hallarım	əhvalım
sənin (“your”)	halın	halların	əhvalın
onun (“his/her/its”)	halı	halları	əhvalı
bizim (“our”)	halımız	hallarımız	əhvalımız
sizin (“your”)	halınız	hallarınız	əhvalınız
onların (“their”)	halı or halları	halları	əhvalı
	accusative
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
mənim (“my”)	halımı	hallarımı	əhvalımı
sənin (“your”)	halını	hallarını	əhvalını
onun (“his/her/its”)	halını	hallarını	əhvalını
bizim (“our”)	halımızı	hallarımızı	əhvalımızı
sizin (“your”)	halınızı	hallarınızı	əhvalınızı
onların (“their”)	halını or hallarını	hallarını	əhvalını
	dative
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
mənim (“my”)	halıma	hallarıma	əhvalıma
sənin (“your”)	halına	hallarına	əhvalına
onun (“his/her/its”)	halına	hallarına	əhvalına
bizim (“our”)	halımıza	hallarımıza	əhvalımıza
sizin (“your”)	halınıza	hallarınıza	əhvalınıza
onların (“their”)	halına or hallarına	hallarına	əhvalına
	locative
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
mənim (“my”)	halımda	hallarımda	əhvalımda
sənin (“your”)	halında	hallarında	əhvalında
onun (“his/her/its”)	halında	hallarında	əhvalında
bizim (“our”)	halımızda	hallarımızda	əhvalımızda
sizin (“your”)	halınızda	hallarınızda	əhvalınızda
onların (“their”)	halında or hallarında	hallarında	əhvalında
	ablative
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
mənim (“my”)	halımdan	hallarımdan	əhvalımdan
sənin (“your”)	halından	hallarından	əhvalından
onun (“his/her/its”)	halından	hallarından	əhvalından
bizim (“our”)	halımızdan	hallarımızdan	əhvalımızdan
sizin (“your”)	halınızdan	hallarınızdan	əhvalınızdan
onların (“their”)	halından or hallarından	hallarından	əhvalından
	genitive
	singular	plural
	singular	sound	broken
mənim (“my”)	halımın	hallarımın	əhvalımın
sənin (“your”)	halının	hallarının	əhvalının
onun (“his/her/its”)	halının	hallarının	əhvalının
bizim (“our”)	halımızın	hallarımızın	əhvalımızın
sizin (“your”)	halınızın	hallarınızın	əhvalınızın
onların (“their”)	halının or hallarının	hallarının	əhvalının

Derived terms

hal-əhval
halsız
- halsızca
- halsızlıq
hallanmaq
- hallandırmaq
adlıq hal (“nominative”)
yiyəlik hal (“genitive”)
təsirlik hal (“accusative”)
yerlik hal (“locative”)
çıxışlıq hal (“ablative”)
birgəlik hal (“comitative”)
alətlik hal (“instrumental case”)
barəlik hal (“prepositional case”)

Related terms

əhli-hal

Burushaski

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [hal]

Noun

hal (plural haljo)

fox

References

Sadaf Munshi (2015) “Word Lists”, in Burushaski Language Documentation Project‎^[2].

Chut

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr; cognate with Vietnamese hai, Muong hal.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /haːl¹/

Numeral

hal

two

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɦal]

Verb

hal

second-person singular imperative of halit

Danish

Etymology 1

Old Norse hǫll (“large living room”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hal/, [halˀ]
Rhymes: -aːl

Noun

hal c (singular definite hallen, plural indefinite haller)

Inflection

Declension of hal

common gender	Singular		Plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hal	hallen	haller	hallerne
genitive	hals	hallens	hallers	hallernes

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See hale.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /haːl/, [hæːˀl]

Verb

hal

imperative of hale

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɦɑl/
Hyphenation: hal
Rhymes: -ɑl
Homophones: Hal, Hall

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch halle, from Old Dutch *halla, from Proto-West Germanic *hallu, from Proto-Germanic *hallō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to hide, cover, conceal”).

Cognate with Low German Hall, German Halle, English hall, Danish hall.

Noun

hal f (plural hallen, diminutive halletje n)

hall, hallway

Derived terms

Descendants

Negerhollands: hal
→ Papiamentu: hal (dated)

Etymology 2

Perhaps related to Old Norse héla (“hoarfrost”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

hal n (plural hallen, diminutive halletje n)

frozen ground

Alternative forms

hel

Haida

Pronoun

hal

he, she, it (3rd person singular personal pronoun, weak-A or weak-B)
his, her, its, their (3rd person possessive pronoun, weak-B)

Usage notes

Weak pronouns are placed right before the verb; strong pronouns are placed at the start of the sentence (focus position) and are followed by the focus marker uu.
Some Haida verbs use pronouns from set A, while other verbs need pronouns from set B.

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈhɒl]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɒl
Hyphenation: hal

Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *kala. Cognates include Northern Khanty хўԓ (hŭł), Northern Mansi хӯл (hūl), Erzya and Moksha кал (kal), Finnish and Estonian kala.^[1]^[2]

Noun

hal (plural halak)

fish

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	hal	halak
accusative	halat	halakat
dative	halnak	halaknak
instrumental	hallal	halakkal
causal-final	halért	halakért
translative	hallá	halakká
terminative	halig	halakig
essive-formal	halként	halakként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	halban	halakban
superessive	halon	halakon
adessive	halnál	halaknál
illative	halba	halakba
sublative	halra	halakra
allative	halhoz	halakhoz
elative	halból	halakból
delative	halról	halakról
ablative	haltól	halaktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	halé	halaké
non-attributive possessive - plural	haléi	halakéi

Possessive forms of hal
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	halam	halaim
2nd person sing.	halad	halaid
3rd person sing.	hala	halai
1st person plural	halunk	halaink
2nd person plural	halatok	halaitok
3rd person plural	haluk	halaik

Derived terms

Compound words with this term at the beginning

halpaprikás
halszem → halszemoptika

Compound words with this term at the end

Expressions

él, mint hal a vízben

Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *kale-. Cognates include Northern Mansi хо̄луӈкве (hōluňkve), Finnish kuolla, Erzya and Moksha куломс (kuloms).

Verb

hal

(intransitive) to die (to stop living; to become dead)
Perfective: meghal

Usage notes

This form normally occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:

hal (…) meg, meg … hal ― meghal
and some more, see its derivatives with verbal prefixes.

Conjugation

conjugation of hal

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	halok	halsz	hal	halunk	haltok	halnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	haltam	haltál	halt	haltunk	haltatok	haltak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. halni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	halék	halál	hala	halánk	halátok	halának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hal vala, halt vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	halandok	halandasz	haland	halandunk	halandotok	halandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	halnék	halnál	halna	halnánk	halnátok	halnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. halt volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	haljak	halj or haljál	haljon	haljunk	haljatok	haljanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. halt légyen
Infinitive	halni		halnom	halnod	halnia	halnunk	halnotok	halniuk
Other forms	halás		haló	halt or halott	―	halva (halván)

potential conjugation of hal

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	halhatok	halhatsz	halhat	halhatunk	halhattok	halhatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	halhattam	halhattál	halhatott	halhattunk	halhattatok	halhattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	halhaték	halhatál	halhata	halhatánk	halhatátok	halhatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. halhat vala, halhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	halhatandok or halandhatok	halhatandasz or halandhatsz	halhatand or halandhat	halhatandunk or halandhatunk	halhatandotok or halandhattok	halhatandanak or halandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	halhatnék	halhatnál	halhatna	halhatnánk	halhatnátok	halhatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. halhatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	halhassak	halhass or halhassál	halhasson	halhassunk	halhassatok	halhassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. halhatott légyen
Inf.	(halhatni)		(halhatnom)	(halhatnod)	(halhatnia)	(halhatnunk)	(halhatnotok)	(halhatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(halhatva / halhatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Compound words

szörnyethal

Expressions

élve vagy halva

Related terms

holt

References

^ Entry #228 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ hal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Icelandic

Noun

hal

indefinite accusative singular of halur
indefinite dative singular of halur

Indonesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hal/
Rhymes: -hal, -al, -l
Hyphenation: hal

Etymology 1

From Malay hal, from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).^[1]

Noun

hal (plural hal-hal)

Synonyms

(circumstance, state, condition) kondisi, keadaan, situasi
(affair, problem, case) permasalahan, kasus
(cause) sebab

Derived terms

berhal (“to be busy, to have problem”)
terhal (“to be obstructed, to be held”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

hal (plural hal-hal)

(colloquial) galvanized sheet iron

References

^ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian]‎^[1], Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /haːl/

Verb

hal

second-person singular imperative of halen

Maleng

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar; cognate with Vietnamese hai.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /haːl¹/

Numeral

hal

two

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

hal (plural hales)

Alternative form of halle (“hall”)

Etymology 2

Noun

hal (plural halles)

Alternative form of al (“awl”)

Etymology 3

Noun

hal (plural hales)

Alternative form of hale (“nook, cranny”)

Etymology 4

Adjective

hal

(Northern) Alternative form of hole (“healthy, whole”)

Descendants

Geordie English: hyel
Scots: hale

Etymology 5

Verb

hal

simple past of helen (“to cover”)
Synonym: heled

Muong

**Muong cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : hal

Alternative forms

hàl

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar; cognate with Vietnamese hai.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /haːl¹/

Numeral

hal

(Mường Bi, cardinal numbers) two

Old English

Alternative forms

hǣl

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole, intact, well-omened”).

Cognate with Old Frisian hēl (West Frisian hiel), Old Saxon hēl (Low German hel, heel, heil) Dutch heel, geheel (“healthy”), Old High German heil (German heil (“healthy”)), Old Norse heill (Danish and Swedish hel (“whole”)), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (hails), Vandalic eils. The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic целъ (celŭ) (Russian це́лый (célyj, “whole, healthy”)), Ancient Greek κοῖλυ (koîlu, “goodness, beauty”), Welsh coel (“sign”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xɑːl/, [hɑːl]

Adjective

hāl

sound, healthy, intact
- Iosep axode hwæðer hira fæder wære hal.
  Joseph asked whether their father was well.
  (Genesis)
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
  Gyf þonne ǣfre gebyreð þæt þū þē ful hālne and ful trumne ongytst, and hæafst æalle þīne frēond myd þē, ǣġðer ge on mōde ge on līchaman, and on ðām ilcan worce and on ðām ylcan willum ðe ðē best lyst dōn, hweðer þū ðonne wille bēon āwiht blīðe?
  If then it ever happen that thou shalt find thyself full whole and full strong, and hast all thy friends with thee, both in mind and in body, and in that same work and in that same will which pleaseth thee best to do, wilt thou then be happy at all?
whole, undivided

Declension

Declension of hāl — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	hāl	hāl	hāl
Accusative	hālne	hāle	hāl
Genitive	hāles	hālre	hāles
Dative	hālum	hālre	hālum
Instrumental	hāle	hālre	hāle
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	hāle	hāla, hāle	hāl
Accusative	hāle	hāla, hāle	hāl
Genitive	hālra	hālra	hālra
Dative	hālum	hālum	hālum
Instrumental	hālum	hālum	hālum

Declension of hāl — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	hāla	hāle	hāle
Accusative	hālan	hālan	hāle
Genitive	hālan	hālan	hālan
Dative	hālan	hālan	hālan
Instrumental	hālan	hālan	hālan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	hālan	hālan	hālan
Accusative	hālan	hālan	hālan
Genitive	hālra, hālena	hālra, hālena	hālra, hālena
Dative	hālum	hālum	hālum
Instrumental	hālum	hālum	hālum

Derived terms

Descendants

Middle English: hole
- English: whole
- Scots: hole, holl
- ⇒ Yola: haoleghey
Northern Middle English: hal
- Geordie English: hyel
- Scots: hale

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxal/
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: hal

Noun

hal f

genitive plural of hala

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حال (hal), from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

Noun

hal n (uncountable)

situation or condition, most often a bad one
El a ajuns într-un asemenea hal încât e nevoit să își vândă hainele.
He's got into such a situation that he needs to sell his clothes.
way (with a negative connotation)
Doar uitați-vă în ce hal se îmbracă!
Just look at the way she dresses!

Declension

singular only	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	hal	halul
genitive-dative	hal	halului
vocative	halule

Derived terms

Sumerian

Romanization

hal

Romanization of 𒄬 (ḫal)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse háll.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hɑːl/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

hal (comparative halare, superlative halast)

slippery (having low friction (and therefore being easy to slip on))
halt väglag
slippery road conditions

VARNING: Trappan är hal
WARNING: Slippery stairs
slippery (evasive (and dishonest))
Hon är hal som en ål
She is slippery as an eel

Declension

Inflection of **hal**
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	hal	halare	halast
neuter singular	halt	halare	halast
plural	hala	halare	halast
masculine plural²	hale	halare	halast

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	hale	halare	halaste
all	hala	halare	halaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Derived terms

Related terms

halka

References

hal in Svensk ordbok (SO)
hal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
hal in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
hal in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Tagalog

Adverb

hal (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜎ᜔)

Abbreviation of halimbawa: e.g.; for example

Tho

**Tho cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : hal

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr; cognate with Vietnamese hai, Muong hal.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /haːl¹/

Numeral

hal

two

Turkish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hal/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French halle.

Noun

hal (definite accusative hali, plural haller)

covered market
Can halden 3 kilo elma aldı.
Can bought 3 kilos of apple from the covered market

Declension

Inflection

Nominative

hal

Definite accusative

hali

Singular

Plural

Nominative

hal

Definite accusative

Dative

Locative

Ablative

Genitive

Possessive forms
Nominative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	halim	hallerim
2nd singular	halin	hallerin
3rd singular	hali	halleri
1st plural	halimiz	hallerimiz
2nd plural	haliniz	halleriniz
3rd plural	halleri	halleri
Definite accusative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	halimi	hallerimi
2nd singular	halini	hallerini
3rd singular	halini	hallerini
1st plural	halimizi	hallerimizi
2nd plural	halinizi	hallerinizi
3rd plural	hallerini	hallerini
Dative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	halime	hallerime
2nd singular	haline	hallerine
3rd singular	haline	hallerine
1st plural	halimize	hallerimize
2nd plural	halinize	hallerinize
3rd plural	hallerine	hallerine
Locative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	halimde	hallerimde
2nd singular	halinde	hallerinde
3rd singular	halinde	hallerinde
1st plural	halimizde	hallerimizde
2nd plural	halinizde	hallerinizde
3rd plural	hallerinde	hallerinde
Ablative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	halimden	hallerimden
2nd singular	halinden	hallerinden
3rd singular	halinden	hallerinden
1st plural	halimizden	hallerimizden
2nd plural	halinizden	hallerinizden
3rd plural	hallerinden	hallerinden
Genitive
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	halimin	hallerimin
2nd singular	halinin	hallerinin
3rd singular	halinin	hallerinin
1st plural	halimizin	hallerimizin
2nd plural	halinizin	hallerinizin
3rd plural	hallerinin	hallerinin

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish حل, from Arabic حَلّ (ḥall).

Noun

hal (definite accusative halli, plural haller)

solution
Synonym: çözüm

Meselenin hallini üzerine aldı.
[He/She/It] took the solution of the issue on [him/her/it]self.

Usage notes

Not to be confused with hâl (situation or grammar case)

Declension

Inflection

Nominative

hal

Definite accusative

halli

Singular

Plural

Nominative

hal

Definite accusative

Dative

Locative

Ablative

Genitive

Possessive forms
Nominative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	hallim	hallerim
2nd singular	hallin	hallerin
3rd singular	halli	halleri
1st plural	hallimiz	hallerimiz
2nd plural	halliniz	halleriniz
3rd plural	halleri	halleri
Definite accusative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	hallimi	hallerimi
2nd singular	hallini	hallerini
3rd singular	hallini	hallerini
1st plural	hallimizi	hallerimizi
2nd plural	hallinizi	hallerinizi
3rd plural	hallerini	hallerini
Dative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	hallime	hallerime
2nd singular	halline	hallerine
3rd singular	halline	hallerine
1st plural	hallimize	hallerimize
2nd plural	hallinize	hallerinize
3rd plural	hallerine	hallerine
Locative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	hallimde	hallerimde
2nd singular	hallinde	hallerinde
3rd singular	hallinde	hallerinde
1st plural	hallimizde	hallerimizde
2nd plural	hallinizde	hallerinizde
3rd plural	hallerinde	hallerinde
Ablative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	hallimden	hallerimden
2nd singular	hallinden	hallerinden
3rd singular	hallinden	hallerinden
1st plural	hallimizden	hallerimizden
2nd plural	hallinizden	hallerinizden
3rd plural	hallerinden	hallerinden
Genitive
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	hallimin	hallerimin
2nd singular	hallinin	hallerinin
3rd singular	hallinin	hallerinin
1st plural	hallimizin	hallerimizin
2nd plural	hallinizin	hallerinizin
3rd plural	hallerinin	hallerinin

Related terms

halletmek

References

Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hal2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Zazaki

Etymology

From Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

Noun

hal

state, condition
(grammar) case

[1] Entry #228 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[2] hal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

[3] Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian]‎^[1], Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC

[1]

[2]

[1]

	weak-A	strong-A	weak-B	strong-B
1st person sing.	hl	hláa	díi	díi
2nd person sing.	dáng	dáa	dáng	dáng
3rd person sing.	hal	ʼláa	hal	ʼláa
1st person plural	tʼaláng	tʼaláng	íitlʼ	íitlʼ
2nd person plural	daláng	daláng	daláng	daláng
3rd person pl. indef.	tlʼ	tlʼáa	tlʼ	tlʼáa

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

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Further reading

Burushaski

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Chut

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Czech

Pronunciation

Verb

Danish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

Alternative forms

Haida

Pronoun

Usage notes

See also

Hungarian

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Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

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Further reading

Icelandic

Noun

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Synonyms

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Etymology 2

Noun

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Further reading

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

Verb

Maleng

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3