Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-nǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *-né-.

Suffix

*-nǫti impf or pf

1. Forms inchoative verbs, deverbal

   ‎*blьščati (“to shine”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*blьsknǫti (“to flash”)

   ‎*bъděti (“to stay awake”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*bъdnǫti (“to come to”)

   ‎*kysěti (“to turn sour”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*kysnǫti (“to dampen, to moisten”)

2. Forms verbs to denote the gradual acquisition of properties, deadjectival

   ‎*suxъ (“dry”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*sъxnǫti (“to dry”)

   ‎*gluxъ (“deaf”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*glъxnǫti (“to go deaf”)

   ‎*slěpъ (“blind”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*slьpnǫti (“to go blind”)

3. Forms perfective verbs denoting the momentary course of action, deverbal

   ‎*buxati (“to thud, to make noise”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*buxnǫti

   ‎*dvigati (“to lift (something)”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*dvignǫti

   ‎*lizati (“to lick”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*lьznǫti

Inflection

Conjugation of *-nǫti, *-nǫ, *-netь (?, -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*-novenьje	*-nǫti	*-nǫtъ	*-nǫlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*-novenъ	*-nomъ
Active	*-nǫvъ	*-ny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-nǫxъ	*-nǫ	*-nǫ	*-nǫ	*-neši	*-netь
Dual	*-nǫxově	*-nǫsta	*-nǫste	*-nevě	*-neta	*-nete
Plural	*-nǫxomъ	*-nǫste	*-nǫšę	*-nemъ	*-nete	*-nǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-něaxъ	*-něaše	*-něaše	—	*-ni	*-ni
Dual	*-něaxově	*-něašeta	*-něašete	*-něvě	*-něta	—
Plural	*-něaxomъ	*-něašete	*-něaxǫ	*-němъ	*-něte	—

Conjugation of *-nǫti, *-e, *-netь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*-enьje	*-nǫti	*-nǫtъ	*-lъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*-enъ	*-nomъ
Active	*-ъ	*-ny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-(ox)ъ	*-e	*-e	*-nǫ	*-neši	*-netь
Dual	*-(ox)ově	*-(e/os)ta	*-(e/os)te	*-nevě	*-neta	*-nete
Plural	*-(ox)omъ	*-(e/os)te	*-ǫ, *-ošę	*-nemъ	*-nete	*-nǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-něaxъ	*-něaše	*-něaše	—	*-ni	*-ni
Dual	*-něaxově	*-něašeta	*-něašete	*-něvě	*-něta	—
Plural	*-něaxomъ	*-něašete	*-něaxǫ	*-němъ	*-něte	—

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-nǫti

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -нѫти (-nǫti), -нути (-nuti)
    • Old Ruthenian: -нути (-nuti), -нуть (-nutʹ)
      • Belarusian: -нуць (-nucʹ)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: -нути (-nuty)
      • Ukrainian: -нути (-nuty)
    • Russian: -нуть (-nutʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: -нѫти (-nǫti)

    Glagolitic script: -ⱀⱘⱅⰻ (-nǫti)

    • Bulgarian: -на (-na)
    • Macedonian: -не (-ne)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -нути

    Latin script: -nuti

  • Slovene: -niti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: -núti
    • Czech: -nout
  • Old Polish: -nąć
    • Polish: -nąć
    • Silesian: -nōńć
  • Old Slovak: -núť
    • Pannonian Rusyn: -нуц (-nuc)
    • Slovak: -núť
  • Polabian: -nǫ̇t
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: -nąc
    • Slovincian: -nõc
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: -nuś
    • Upper Sorbian: -nyć