Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrznǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From the same root as *dьrzati + *-nǫti; see *dьrzati for further etymology. Compare also Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to dare”) (cognate per Derksen and Trubachev, not necessarily per Vasmer or Chernykh).

Verb

*dьrznǫti pf

1. to dare

Inflection

Conjugation of *dьrznǫti, *dьrznǫ, *dьrznetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dьrznovenьje	*dьrznǫti	*dьrznǫtъ	*dьrznǫlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dьrznovenъ	—
Active	*dьrznǫvъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dьrznǫxъ	*dьrznǫ	*dьrznǫ	*dьrznǫ	*dьrzneši	*dьrznetь
Dual	*dьrznǫxově	*dьrznǫsta	*dьrznǫste	*dьrznevě	*dьrzneta	*dьrznete
Plural	*dьrznǫxomъ	*dьrznǫste	*dьrznǫšę	*dьrznemъ	*dьrznete	*dьrznǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*dьrzni	*dьrzni
Dual	—	—	—	*dьrzněvě	*dьrzněta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*dьrzněmъ	*dьrzněte	—

Notes:
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Conjugation of *dьrznǫti, *dьrze, *dьrznetь (perf., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dьrzenьje	*dьrznǫti	*dьrznǫtъ	*dьrzlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dьrzenъ	—
Active	*dьrzъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dьrz(ox)ъ	*dьrze	*dьrze	*dьrznǫ	*dьrzneši	*dьrznetь
Dual	*dьrz(ox)ově	*dьrz(e/os)ta	*dьrz(e/os)te	*dьrznevě	*dьrzneta	*dьrznete
Plural	*dьrz(ox)omъ	*dьrz(e/os)te	*dьrzǫ, *dьrzošę	*dьrznemъ	*dьrznete	*dьrznǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*dьrzni	*dьrzni
Dual	—	—	—	*dьrzněvě	*dьrzněta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*dьrzněmъ	*dьrzněte	—

Notes:
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Related terms

• *dьrzъ (“daring, bold”)
• *dьrzъkъ (“bold”)
• *dьrzati (“to dare”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дьрзнѫти (dĭrznǫti), дьръзнѫти (dĭrŭznǫti)
    • Russian: дерзну́ть (derznútʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: дрьзнѫти (drĭznǫti), дръзнѫти (drŭznǫti)
    • Bulgarian: дръ́зна (drǎ́zna)
    • Macedonian: дрзне (drzne)
    • → Old East Slavic: дрьзнѫти (drĭznǫti)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: др̏знути

    Latin script: dȑznuti

  • Slovene: dŕzniti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: drznúti
  • Old Polish: darznąć
  • Slovincian: dzyrznõc

• Non-Slavic:
  • Romanian: îndrăzni

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “де́рзкий”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 244
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrznǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 227
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дерза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress